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Li Y, Jin G, Liu N, Guo H, Xu F. The post-chemotherapy changes of tumor physical microenvironment: Targeting extracellular matrix to address chemoresistance. Cancer Lett 2024; 582:216583. [PMID: 38072368 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The tumor physical microenvironment (TPME) contributes to cancer chemoresistance in both mechanical and mechanobiological approaches. Along with chemotherapy, the tumor microenvironment undergoes dramatic changes, most of which can regulate TPME through extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and related signaling pathways. However, there is still no discussion about the post-chemotherapy TPME changes mediated by ECM remodeling, and consequent impact on chemoresistance. Herein, we summarize the TPME alterations induced by chemotherapy and corresponding influence on chemotherapy response of cancer cells in context of ECM. The response of cancer cell to chemotherapy, imposed by post-chemotherapy ECM, are discussed in both mechanical (ECM physical features) and mechanobiological (ECM-responsive signaling pathways) manner. In the end, we present ECM remodeling and related signaling pathways as two promising clinic strategies to relieve or overcome chemoresistance induced by TPME change, and summarize the corresponding therapeutic agents currently being tested in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - Guorui Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affifiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, 570311, PR China.
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, PR China.
| | - Feng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China.
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2
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Martins DJ, Singh JK, Jahjah T, Vessoni AT, Leandro GDS, Silva MM, Biard DSF, Quinet A, Menck CFM. Polymerase iota plays a key role during translesion synthesis of UV-induced lesions in the absence of polymerase eta. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:4-18. [PMID: 37926965 DOI: 10.1111/php.13879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) variant cells are deficient in the translesion synthesis (TLS) DNA polymerase Polη (eta). This protein contributes to DNA damage tolerance, bypassing unrepaired UV photoproducts and allowing S-phase progression with minimal delay. In the absence of Polη, backup polymerases perform TLS of UV lesions. However, which polymerase plays this role in human cells remains an open question. Here, we investigated the potential role of Polι (iota) in bypassing ultraviolet (UV) induced photoproducts in the absence of Polη, using NER-deficient (XP-C) cells knocked down for Polι and/or Polη genes. Our results indicate that cells lacking either Polι or Polη have increased sensitivity to UVC radiation. The lack of both TLS polymerases led to increased cell death and defects in proliferation and migration. Loss of both polymerases induces a significant replication fork arrest and G1/S-phase blockage, compared to the lack of Polη alone. In conclusion, we propose that Polι acts as a bona fide backup for Polη in the TLS of UV-photoproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi Jardim Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jenny Kaur Singh
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRS/iRCM/IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRS/iRCM/IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Tiya Jahjah
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRS/iRCM/IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRS/iRCM/IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Alexandre Teixeira Vessoni
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Giovana da Silva Leandro
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus Molina Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denis Serge François Biard
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Service d'étude des prions et maladies atypiques, iRCM/IBJF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Annabel Quinet
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRS/iRCM/IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRS/iRCM/IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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3
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Chen X, Yu Y, Zheng H, Yang M, Wang C, Cai Q, Zhang W, Jiang F, Zhu Y, Yang H, Zhang T, Zhou Z. Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals dynamic changes of the preclinical A549 cancer models, and the mechanism of dacomitinib. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176046. [PMID: 37708985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro A549 cells, and A549 xenografts in nude mouse, were two commonly used models for anti-cancer drug discovery. However, the biological and molecular characteristics of these two classic models, and also the dynamic transcriptome changes after dacomitinib exposure remains elusive. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing to define the transcriptome profile at single-cell resolution, and processed tumor samples for bulk RNA and protein analysis to validate the differently expressed genes. Transcriptome profiling revealed that the in vitro A549 cells are heterogeneous. The minimal subpopulation of the in vitro A549 cells, which were characterized by the signature of response to unfolded protein, became the overriding subpopulation of the xenografts. The EGFR non-activating A549 cells were resistant to dacomitinib in vitro, while A549 xenografts were comparatively sensitive as EGFR-activating HCC827 xenografts. Dacomitinib inhibited MAPK signaling pathway, and increased the immune response in the A549 xenografts. A phagocytosis checkpoint stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) was significantly inhibited in dacomitinib-treated xenografts. So here our study gives the first insight of the heterogeneity of the two classic models, and the translational potential of dacomitinib being used into a broader patient population rather than EGFR common activating mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Yangziwei Yu
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China; Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Haoyang Zheng
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Mengjing Yang
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Chuqiao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Qianqian Cai
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Feixiang Jiang
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Yanmei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang, 110042, China; Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110042, China; Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110042, China
| | - Hedi Yang
- Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Tianbiao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Zhaoli Zhou
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China.
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4
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Sun Y, Ma H. Application of three-dimensional cell culture technology in screening anticancer drugs. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:1073-1092. [PMID: 37421554 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The drug development process involves a variety of drug activity evaluations, which can determine drug efficacy, strictly analyze the biological indicators after the drug action, and use these indicators as the preclinical drug evaluation criteria. At present, most of the screening of preclinical anticancer drugs mainly relies on traditional 2D cell culture. However, this traditional technology cannot simulate the tumor microenvironment in vivo, let alone reflect the characteristics of solid tumors in vivo, and has a relatively poor ability to predict drug activity. 3D cell culture is a technology between 2D cell culture and animal experiments, which can better reflect the biological state in vivo and reduce the consumption of animal experiments. 3D cell culture can link the individual study of cells with the study of the whole organism, reproduce in vitro the biological phenotype of cells in vivo more greatly, and thus predict the activity and resistance of anti-tumor drugs more accurately. In this paper, the common techniques of 3D cell culture are discussed, with emphasis on its main advantages and application in the evaluation of anti-tumor resistance, which can provide strategies for the screening of anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Sun
- Oncology laboratory, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Haiyang Ma
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi, 030024, People's Republic of China
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5
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Nair L, Mukherjee S, Kaur K, Murphy CM, Ravichandiran V, Roy S, Singh M. Multi compartmental 3D breast cancer disease model–recapitulating tumor complexity in in-vitro. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130361. [PMID: 37019341 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common ailment among women. In 2020, it had the highest incidence of any type of cancer. Many Phase II and III anti-cancer drugs fail due to efficacy, durability, and side effects. Thus, accelerated drug screening models must be accurate. In-vivo models have been used for a long time, but delays, inconsistent results, and a greater sense of responsibility among scientists toward wildlife have led to the search for in-vitro alternatives. Stromal components support breast cancer growth and survival. Multi-compartment Transwell models may be handy instruments. Co-culturing breast cancer cells with endothelium and fibroblasts improves modelling. The extracellular matrix (ECM) supports native 3D hydrogels in natural and polymeric forms. 3D Transwell cultured tumor spheroids mimicked in-vivo pathological conditions. Tumor invasion, migration, Trans-endothelial migration, angiogenesis, and spread are studied using comprehensive models. Transwell models can create a cancer niche and conduct high-throughput drug screening, promising future applications. Our comprehensive shows how 3D in-vitro multi compartmental models may be useful in producing breast cancer stroma in Transwell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam Central University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
| | - Souvik Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas University, Koni, Bilaspur,(C.G 495009, India
| | - Kulwinder Kaur
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons (RCSI), Dublin D02YN77, Ireland
| | - Ciara M Murphy
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons (RCSI), Dublin D02YN77, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin D02YN77, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Subhadeep Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India.
| | - Manjari Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam Central University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India.
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6
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The Use of Biomaterials in Three-Dimensional Culturing of Cancer Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1100-1112. [PMID: 36826018 PMCID: PMC9954970 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell culture is an important tool in biological research. Most studies use 2D cell culture, but cells grown in 2D cell culture have drawbacks, including limited cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, which make it inaccurate to model conditions in vivo. Anticancer drug screening is an important research and development process for developing new drugs. As an experiment to mimic the cancer environment in vivo, several studies have been carried out on 3-dimensional (3D) cell cultures with added biomaterials. The use of hydrogel in 3D culture cells is currently developing. The type of hydrogel used might influence cell morphology, viability, and drug screening outcome. Therefore, this review discusses 3D cell culture research regarding the addition of biomaterials.
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7
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Gonzalez-Molina J, Moyano-Galceran L, Single A, Gultekin O, Alsalhi S, Lehti K. Chemotherapy as a regulator of extracellular matrix-cell communication: Implications in therapy resistance. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:224-236. [PMID: 35331851 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of most solid cancers, including pancreatic, breast, lung, liver, and ovarian cancer, involves a desmoplastic reaction: a process of major remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) affecting the ECM composition, mechanics, and microarchitecture. These properties of the ECM influence key cancer cell functions, including treatment resistance. Furthermore, emerging data show that various chemotherapeutic treatments lead to alterations in ECM features and ECM-cell communication. Here, we summarize the current knowledge around the effects of chemotherapy on both the ECM remodeling and ECM-cell signaling and discuss the implications of these alterations on distinct mechanisms of chemoresistance. Additionally, we provide an overview of current therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials utilizing anti-cancer drugs to target the ECM-cell communication and explore the future challenges of these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Gonzalez-Molina
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lidia Moyano-Galceran
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew Single
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Okan Gultekin
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shno Alsalhi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaisa Lehti
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
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8
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Gobbo MG, de Mendonça Fernandes GM, Fernandes-Ferreira R, Caires LP, Caldas HC, de Campos Zuccari DAP, Bordin-Junior NA, Gonçalves Vidotti GA, Souza DRS. Evaluation of doxorubicin in three-dimensional culture of breast cancer cells and the response in PI3K/AKT/PTEN signaling pathways: a pilot study. Women Health 2022; 62:467-475. [DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2022.2085842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Guimarães Gobbo
- Biologia Molecular (NPBIM), Faculdade de Medicina de São Jose do Rio Preto, (FAMERP)Núcleo de Pesquisa em Bioquímica e , São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Fernandes-Ferreira
- Biologia Molecular (NPBIM), Faculdade de Medicina de São Jose do Rio Preto, (FAMERP)Núcleo de Pesquisa em Bioquímica e , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lennon Pereira Caires
- Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Transplantation (LITEX), Faculdade de Medicina de São Jose do Rio Preto, (FAMERP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Cristina Caldas
- Laboratory of Immunology and Experimental Transplantation (LITEX), Faculdade de Medicina de São Jose do Rio Preto, (FAMERP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Newton Antonio Bordin-Junior
- Departamento de Ginecologia do Hospital de Base da Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto Serviço de mastologia do Hospital de Base da Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Doroteia Rossi Silva Souza
- Biologia Molecular (NPBIM), Faculdade de Medicina de São Jose do Rio Preto, (FAMERP)Núcleo de Pesquisa em Bioquímica e , São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Nicoletto RE, Ofner CM. Cytotoxic mechanisms of doxorubicin at clinically relevant concentrations in breast cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2022; 89:285-311. [PMID: 35150291 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-022-04400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent frequently used for the treatment of a variety of tumor types, such as breast cancer. Despite the long history of DOX, the mechanistic details of its cytotoxic action remain controversial. Rather than one key mechanism of cytotoxic action, DOX is characterized by multiple mechanisms, such as (1) DNA intercalation and adduct formation, (2) topoisomerase II (TopII) poisoning, (3) the generation of free radicals and oxidative stress, and (4) membrane damage through altered sphingolipid metabolism. Many past reviews of DOX cytotoxicity are based on supraclinical concentrations, and several have addressed the concentration dependence of these mechanisms. In addition, most reviews lack a focus on the time dependence of these processes. We aim to update the concentration and time-dependent trends of DOX mechanisms at representative clinical concentrations. Furthermore, attention is placed on DOX behavior in breast cancer cells due to the frequent use of DOX to treat this disease. This review provides insight into the mechanistic pathway(s) of DOX at levels found within patients and establishes the magnitude of effect for each mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Nicoletto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, 600 South 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19101-4495, USA
| | - Clyde M Ofner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, 600 South 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19101-4495, USA.
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10
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Quintero-Ruiz N, Corradi C, Moreno NC, de Souza TA, Pereira Castro L, Rocha CRR, Menck CFM. Mutagenicity Profile Induced by UVB Light in Human Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group C Cells †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:713-731. [PMID: 34516658 DOI: 10.1111/php.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is one of the main pathways for genome protection against structural DNA damage caused by sunlight, which in turn is extensively related to skin cancer development. The mutation spectra induced by UVB were investigated by whole-exome sequencing of randomly selected clones of NER-proficient and XP-C-deficient human skin fibroblasts. As a model, a cell line unable to recognize and remove lesions (XP-C) was used and compared to the complemented isogenic control (COMP). As expected, a significant increase of mutagenesis was observed in irradiated XP-C cells, mainly C>T transitions, but also CC>TT and C>A base substitutions. Remarkably, the C>T mutations occur mainly at the second base of dipyrimidine sites in pyrimidine-rich sequence contexts, with 5'TC sequence the most mutated. Although T>N mutations were also significantly increased, they were not directly related to pyrimidine dimers. Moreover, the large-scale study of a single UVB irradiation on XP-C cells allowed recovering the typical mutation spectrum found in human skin cancer tumors. Eventually, the data may be used for comparison with the mutational profiles of skin tumors obtained from XP-C patients and may help to understand the mutational process in nonaffected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Quintero-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de reparo de DNA, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Corradi
- Laboratorio de reparo de DNA, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Cestari Moreno
- Laboratorio de reparo de DNA, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Antonio de Souza
- Laboratorio de reparo de DNA, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Tau GC Bioinformatics, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ligia Pereira Castro
- Laboratorio de reparo de DNA, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Ribeiro Reily Rocha
- Laboratorio de reparo de DNA, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Drug resistance and mutagenesis Laboratory, Departmento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Frederico Martins Menck
- Laboratorio de reparo de DNA, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Tyutyunyk-Massey L, Gewirtz DA. Roles of autophagy in breast cancer treatment: Target, bystander or benefactor. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 66:155-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Aggarwal V, Miranda O, Johnston PA, Sant S. Three dimensional engineered models to study hypoxia biology in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 490:124-142. [PMID: 32569616 PMCID: PMC7442747 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. Despite the available therapeutic regimes, variable treatment response is reported among different breast cancer subtypes. Recently, the effects of the tumor microenvironment on tumor progression as well as treatment responses have been widely recognized. Hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factors in the tumor microenvironment have long been known as major players in tumor progression and survival. However, the majority of our understanding of hypoxia biology has been derived from two dimensional (2D) models. Although many hypoxia-targeted therapies have elicited promising results in vitro and in vivo, these results have not been successfully translated into clinical trials. These limitations of 2D models underscore the need to develop and integrate three dimensional (3D) models that recapitulate the complex tumor-stroma interactions in vivo. This review summarizes role of hypoxia in various hallmarks of cancer progression. We then compare traditional 2D experimental systems with novel 3D tissue-engineered models giving accounts of different bioengineering platforms available to develop 3D models and how these 3D models are being exploited to understand the role of hypoxia in breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Oshin Miranda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Paul A Johnston
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Shilpa Sant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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13
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Gupta S, Silveira DA, Mombach JCM. Towards DNA-damage induced autophagy: A Boolean model of p53-induced cell fate mechanisms. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 96:102971. [PMID: 32987354 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
How a cell determines a given phenotype upon damaged DNA is an open problem. Cell fate decisions happen at cell cycle checkpoints and it is becoming clearer that the p53 pathway is a major regulator of cell fate decisions involving apoptosis or senescence upon DNA damage, especially at G1/S. However, recent results suggest that this pathway is also involved in autophagy induction upon DNA damage. To our knowledge, in this work we propose the first model of the DNA damage-induced G1/S checkpoint contemplating the decision between three phenotypes: apoptosis, senescence, and autophagy. The Boolean model is proposed based on experiments with U87 glioblastoma cells using the transfection of miR-16 that can induce a DNA damage response. The wild-type case of the model shows that DNA damage induces the checkpoint and the coexistence of the three phenotypes (tristable dynamics), each with a different probability. We also predict that the positive feedback involving ATM, miR-16, and Wip1 has an influence on the tristable state. The model predictions were compared to experiments of gain and loss of function in other three different cell lines (MCF-7, A549, and U2OS) presenting agreement. For p53-deficient cell lines such as HeLa, H1299, and PC-3, our model contemplates the experimental observation that the alternative AMPK pathway can compensate this deficiency. We conclude that at the G1/S checkpoint the p53 pathway (or, in its absence, the AMPK pathway) can regulate the induction of different phenotypes in a stochastic manner in the U87 cell line and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Gupta
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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14
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Xu M, Hu Y, Ding W, Li F, Lin J, Wu M, Wu J, Wen LP, Qiu B, Wei PF, Li P. Rationally designed rapamycin-encapsulated ZIF-8 nanosystem for overcoming chemotherapy resistance. Biomaterials 2020; 258:120308. [PMID: 32841911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles are widely reported as a pH-sensitive drug delivery carrier with high loading capacity for tumor therapy. However, the mechanism of intracellular corrosion of ZIF-8 and the corresponding biological effects especially for autophagy response have been rarely reported. Herein, the as-synthesized ZIF-8 was demonstrated to induce mTOR independent and pro-death autophagy. Interestingly, the autophagic process participated in the corrosion of ZIF-8. Subsequently, zinc ion release and the generation of reactive oxygen species due to its corrosion in the acidic compartments were directly responsible for tumor cell killing. In addition, ZIF-8 could sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapy by switching cytoprotective to death promoting autophagy induced by doxorubicin. The mTOR signaling pathway activation was demonstrated to restrict tumor chemotherapy efficiency. Hence, a combined platform rapamycin encapsulated zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (Rapa@ZIF-8) was constructed and demonstrated a more significant chemo-sensitized effect relative to ZIF-8 nanoparticles or rapamycin treatment alone. Lastly, the combined administration of Rapa@ZIF-8 and doxorubicin exhibited an outstanding synergistic antitumor effect without any obvious toxicity to the major organs of mice. Collectively, the optimized nanoplatform, Rapa@ZIF-8, provides a proof of concept for intentionally interfering mTOR pathway and utilizing the switch of survival-to death-promoting autophagy for adjunct chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Xu
- Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Fenfen Li
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Jun Lin
- School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Min Wu
- Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Long-Ping Wen
- Institute for Life Sciences & School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China.
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Peng-Fei Wei
- Institute for Life Sciences & School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Chinese Integrative Medicine Oncology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
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15
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Horowitz LF, Rodriguez AD, Dereli-Korkut Z, Lin R, Castro K, Mikheev AM, Monnat RJ, Folch A, Rostomily RC. Multiplexed drug testing of tumor slices using a microfluidic platform. NPJ Precis Oncol 2020; 4:12. [PMID: 32435696 PMCID: PMC7237421 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-020-0117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Current methods to assess the drug response of individual human cancers are often inaccurate, costly, or slow. Functional approaches that rapidly and directly assess the response of patient cancer tissue to drugs or small molecules offer a promising way to improve drug testing, and have the potential to identify the best therapy for individual patients. We developed a digitally manufactured microfluidic platform for multiplexed drug testing of intact cancer slice cultures, and demonstrate the use of this platform to evaluate drug responses in slice cultures from human glioma xenografts and patient tumor biopsies. This approach retains much of the tissue microenvironment and can provide results rapidly enough, within days of surgery, to guide the choice of effective initial therapies. Our results establish a useful preclinical platform for cancer drug testing and development with the potential to improve cancer personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. F. Horowitz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - A. D. Rodriguez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Z. Dereli-Korkut
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - R. Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - K. Castro
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - A. M. Mikheev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - R. J. Monnat
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - A. Folch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - R. C. Rostomily
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, Houston, TX USA
- Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, New York, NY USA
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16
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Fisher MF, Rao SS. Three‐dimensional culture models to study drug resistance in breast cancer. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2262-2278. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madeline F. Fisher
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama
| | - Shreyas S. Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama
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17
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Mechanisms of simvastatin myotoxicity: The role of autophagy flux inhibition. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 862:172616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Gomes LR, Rocha CRR, Martins DJ, Fiore APZP, Kinker GS, Bruni-Cardoso A, Menck CFM. ATR mediates cisplatin resistance in 3D-cultured breast cancer cells via translesion DNA synthesis modulation. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:459. [PMID: 31189884 PMCID: PMC6561919 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tissue architecture and cell–extracellular matrix (cell–ECM) interaction determine the organ specificity; however, the influences of these factors on anticancer drugs preclinical studies are highly neglected. For considering such aspects, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models are relevant tools for accurate analysis of cellular responses to chemotherapy. Here we compared the MCF-7 breast cancer cells responses to cisplatin in traditional two-dimensional (2D) and in 3D-reconstituted basement membrane (3D-rBM) cell culture models. The results showed a substantial increase of cisplatin resistance mediated by 3D microenvironment. This phenotype was independent of p53 status and autophagy activity and was also observed for other cellular models, including lung cancer cells. Such strong decrease on cellular sensitivity was not due to differences on drug-induced DNA damage, since similar levels of γ-H2AX and cisplatin–DNA adducts were detected under both conditions. However, the processing of these cisplatin-induced DNA lesions was very different in 2D and 3D cultures. Unlike cells in monolayer, cisplatin-induced DNA damage is persistent in 3D-cultured cells, which, consequently, led to high senescence induction. Moreover, only 3D-cultured cells were able to progress through S cell cycle phase, with unaffected replication fork progression, due to the upregulation of translesion (TLS) DNA polymerase expression and activation of the ATR-Chk1 pathway. Co-treatment with VE-821, a pharmacological inhibitor of ATR, blocked the 3D-mediated changes on cisplatin response, including low sensitivity and high TLS capacity. In addition, ATR inhibition also reverted induction of REV3L by cisplatin treatment. By using REV3L-deficient cells, we showed that this TLS DNA polymerase is essential for the cisplatin sensitization effect mediated by VE-821. Altogether, our results demonstrate that 3D-cell architecture-associated resistance to cisplatin is due to an efficient induction of REV3L and TLS, dependent of ATR. Thus co-treatment with ATR inhibitors might be a promising strategy for enhancement of cisplatin treatment efficiency in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Rodrigues Gomes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Clarissa Ribeiro Reily Rocha
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Departamento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Davi Jardim Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Sarti Kinker
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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19
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Wolff C, Zoschke C, Kalangi SK, Reddanna P, Schäfer-Korting M. Tumor microenvironment determines drug efficacy in vitro - apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of 15-lipoxygenase metabolite, 13-HpOTrE. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 142:1-7. [PMID: 31176725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies using 3D scaffolds have emphasized the importance of the surrounding stroma on chemoresistance in drug efficacy screenings. Since 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolites reduced growth of breast, colon, prostate, lung and leukemia cancer cells in 2D cell culture, we were intrigued by the direct comparison of 15-LOX metabolite efficacy in 2D and 3D culture including a stroma equivalent. Herein, we studied the effects of 15-LOX metabolites 13-HpOTrE, 13-HpODE, and 15-HpETE on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells. All metabolites reduced the viability of cancer cells in 2D culture below 10% at 100 µM of each substance. 13-HpOTrE, being the most active agent with respect to cytotoxicity and apoptosis was selected for further experiments. Other than with the 2D culture, we did not obverse cell death, neither from lactate dehydrogenase release, nor from morphology when applying 13-HpOTrE onto the surface of the 3D tumor constructs for one week. Next, we investigated the protein expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, for which the ligand is 13-HpOTrE, and Bcl-2 protein, an apoptosis regulator, but did not find any change following 13-HpOTrE administration. However, 13-HpOTrE treatment reduced the release of interleukin-6, bringing it closer to the level of tumor-free constructs. In conclusion, 13-HpOTrE reduces viability of skin cancer cells in 2D cultures only but modulates inflammatory cytokine levels in the corresponding 3D tumor constructs, too. These studies highlight the need for screening of anticancer drugs employing 3D tumors and including tumor microenvironment in the screening process to increase the low success rate of clinical trials in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Wolff
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology & Toxicology), Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Zoschke
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology & Toxicology), Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Suresh Kumar Kalangi
- University of Hyderabad, Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Pallu Reddanna
- University of Hyderabad, Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Monika Schäfer-Korting
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology & Toxicology), Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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20
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Lin SR, Weng CF. PG-Priming Enhances Doxorubicin Influx to Trigger Necrotic and Autophagic Cell Death in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7100375. [PMID: 30347872 PMCID: PMC6210351 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7100375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Synergistic effects between natural compounds and chemotherapy drugs are believed to have fewer side effects with equivalent efficacy. However, the synergistic potential of prodigiosin (PG) with doxorubicin (Dox) chemotherapy is still unknown. This study explores the synergistic mechanism of PG and Dox against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. Three OSCC cell lines were treated with different PG/Dox combinatory schemes for cytotoxicity tests and were further investigated for cell death characteristics by cell cycle flow cytometry and autophagy/apoptosis marker labelling. When OSCC cells were pretreated with PG, the cytotoxicity of the subsequent Dox-treatment was 30% higher than Dox alone. The cytotoxic efficacy of PG-pretreated was found better than those of PG plus Dox co-treatment and Dox-pretreatment. Increase of Sub-G1 phase and caspase-3/LC-3 levels without poly (ADP-ribose) polymeras (PARP) elevation indicated both autophagy and necrosis occurred in OSCC cells. Dox flux after PG-priming was further evaluated by rhodamine-123 accumulation and Dox transporters analysis to elucidate the PG-priming effect. PG-priming autophagy enhanced Dox accumulation according to the increase of rhodamine-123 accumulation without the alterations of Dox transporters. Additionally, the cause of PG-triggered autophagy was determined by co-treatment with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor. PG-induced autophagy was not related to nutrient deprivation and ER stress was proved by co-treatment with specific inhibitor. Taken together, PG-priming autophagy could sensitize OSCC cells by promoting Dox influx without regulation of Dox transporter. The PG-priming might be a promising adjuvant approach for the chemotherapy of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shian-Ren Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
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21
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Follo C, Cheng Y, Richards WG, Bueno R, Broaddus VC. Inhibition of autophagy initiation potentiates chemosensitivity in mesothelioma. Mol Carcinog 2017; 57:319-332. [PMID: 29073722 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of inhibiting autophagy in cancer are still controversial, with differences in outcome based on the type of tumor, the context and the particular stage of inhibition. Here, we investigated the impact of inhibiting autophagy at different stages on chemosensitivity using 3-dimensional (3D) models of mesothelioma, including ex vivo human tumor fragment spheroids. As shown by LC3B accumulation, we successfully inhibited autophagy using either an early stage ULK1/2 inhibitor (MRT 68921) or a late stage inhibitor (hydroxychloroquine). We found that inhibition of autophagy at the early stage, but not at late stage, potentiated chemosensitivity. This effect was seen only in those spheroids with high autophagy and active initiation at steady state. Inhibition of autophagy alone, at either early or late stage, did not cause cell death, showing that the inhibitors were non-toxic and that mesothelioma did not depend on autophagy at baseline, at least over 24 h. Using ATG13 puncta analysis, we found that autophagy initiation identified tumors that are more chemosensitive at baseline and after autophagy inhibition. Our results highlight a potential role of autophagy initiation in supporting mesothelioma cells during chemotherapy. Our work also highlights the importance of testing the inhibition of different stages in order to uncover the role of autophagy and the potential of its modulation in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Follo
- Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Yao Cheng
- Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - William G Richards
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raphael Bueno
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Virginia Courtney Broaddus
- Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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22
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Enhanced cell viability in hyaluronic acid coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) porous scaffolds within microfluidic channels. Int J Pharm 2017; 532:595-602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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23
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de Oliveira Alves N, Vessoni AT, Quinet A, Fortunato RS, Kajitani GS, Peixoto MS, Hacon SDS, Artaxo P, Saldiva P, Menck CFM, Batistuzzo de Medeiros SR. Biomass burning in the Amazon region causes DNA damage and cell death in human lung cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10937. [PMID: 28883446 PMCID: PMC5589902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the studies on air pollution focus on emissions from fossil fuel burning in urban centers. However, approximately half of the world's population is exposed to air pollution caused by biomass burning emissions. In the Brazilian Amazon population, over 10 million people are directly exposed to high levels of pollutants resulting from deforestation and agricultural fires. This work is the first study to present an integrated view of the effects of inhalable particles present in emissions of biomass burning. Exposing human lung cells to particulate matter smaller than 10 µm (PM10), significantly increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory cytokines, autophagy, and DNA damage. Continued PM10 exposure activated apoptosis and necrosis. Interestingly, retene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon present in PM10, is a potential compound for the effects of PM10, causing DNA damage and cell death. The PM10 concentrations observed during Amazon biomass burning were sufficient to induce severe adverse effects in human lung cells. Our study provides new data that will help elucidate the mechanism of PM10-mediated lung cancer development. In addition, the results of this study support the establishment of new guidelines for human health protection in regions strongly impacted by biomass burning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Teixeira Vessoni
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Annabel Quinet
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Rodrigo Soares Fortunato
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Satoru Kajitani
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo Artaxo
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Saldiva
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Bingel C, Koeneke E, Ridinger J, Bittmann A, Sill M, Peterziel H, Wrobel JK, Rettig I, Milde T, Fernekorn U, Weise F, Schober A, Witt O, Oehme I. Three-dimensional tumor cell growth stimulates autophagic flux and recapitulates chemotherapy resistance. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3013. [PMID: 28837150 PMCID: PMC5596581 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Current preclinical models in tumor biology are limited in their ability to recapitulate relevant (patho-) physiological processes, including autophagy. Three-dimensional (3D) growth cultures have frequently been proposed to overcome the lack of correlation between two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell cultures and human tumors in preclinical drug testing. Besides 3D growth, it is also advantageous to simulate shear stress, compound flux and removal of metabolites, e.g., via bioreactor systems, through which culture medium is constantly pumped at a flow rate reflecting physiological conditions. Here we show that both static 3D growth and 3D growth within a bioreactor system modulate key hallmarks of cancer cells, including proliferation and cell death as well as macroautophagy, a recycling pathway often activated by highly proliferative tumors to cope with metabolic stress. The autophagy-related gene expression profiles of 2D-grown cells are substantially different from those of 3D-grown cells and tumor tissue. Autophagy-controlling transcription factors, such as TFEB and FOXO3, are upregulated in tumors, and 3D-grown cells have increased expression compared with cells grown in 2D conditions. Three-dimensional cultures depleted of the autophagy mediators BECN1, ATG5 or ATG7 or the transcription factor FOXO3, are more sensitive to cytotoxic treatment. Accordingly, combining cytotoxic treatment with compounds affecting late autophagic flux, such as chloroquine, renders the 3D-grown cells more susceptible to therapy. Altogether, 3D cultures are a valuable tool to study drug response of tumor cells, as these models more closely mimic tumor (patho-)physiology, including the upregulation of tumor relevant pathways, such as autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Bingel
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Emily Koeneke
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Program, Hopp Children's Cancer Center at NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Ridinger
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Program, Hopp Children's Cancer Center at NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika Bittmann
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Program, Hopp Children's Cancer Center at NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Sill
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Peterziel
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Program, Hopp Children's Cancer Center at NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jagoda K Wrobel
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Program, Hopp Children's Cancer Center at NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Inga Rettig
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Till Milde
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Program, Hopp Children's Cancer Center at NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Individualized Pediatric Oncology (ZIPO) and Brain Tumors, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Fernekorn
- Department of Nano-Biosystem Technology, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Frank Weise
- Department of Nano-Biosystem Technology, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Andreas Schober
- Department of Nano-Biosystem Technology, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Olaf Witt
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Program, Hopp Children's Cancer Center at NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ina Oehme
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Program, Hopp Children's Cancer Center at NCT Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Ravi M, Ramesh A, Pattabhi A. Contributions of 3D Cell Cultures for Cancer Research. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2679-2697. [PMID: 27791270 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell lines have contributed immensely in understanding the complex physiology of cancers. They are excellent material for studies as they offer homogenous samples without individual variations and can be utilised with ease and flexibility. Also, the number of assays and end-points one can study is almost limitless; with the advantage of improvising, modifying or altering several variables and methods. Literally, a new dimension to cancer research has been achieved by the advent of 3Dimensional (3D) cell culture techniques. This approach increased many folds the ways in which cancer cell lines can be utilised for understanding complex cancer biology. 3D cell culture techniques are now the preferred way of using cancer cell lines to bridge the gap between the 'absolute in vitro' and 'true in vivo'. The aspects of cancer biology that 3D cell culture systems have contributed include morphology, microenvironment, gene and protein expression, invasion/migration/metastasis, angiogenesis, tumour metabolism and drug discovery, testing chemotherapeutic agents, adaptive responses and cancer stem cells. We present here, a comprehensive review on the applications of 3D cell culture systems for these aspects of cancers. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2679-2697, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddaly Ravi
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India
| | - Aarthi Ramesh
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India
| | - Aishwarya Pattabhi
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India
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Ravi M, Ramesh A, Pattabhi A. Human Brain Malignant Glioma (BMG-1) 3D Aggregate Morphology and Screening for Cytotoxicity and Anti-Proliferative Effects. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:685-690. [PMID: 27639069 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Two interesting aspects of cell lines grown in 3 Dimensional (3D) conditions are their distinct morphology and production of extracellular matrix (ECM). Also, it is known that 3D aggregates have different susceptibilities to damage-inducing agents compared to their 2D monolayer counterparts. We describe the effect of ECM on 3D aggregate morphology, the effect of cisplatin, bleomycin, and UV on the 3D aggregates and 2 Dimensional (2D) monolayers of the BMG-1 cell line. We also present a rapid method for analyzing cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effects of 3D aggregates in 96-well plates. We utilized a single-step protocol using the dye resazurin. BMG-1 cells formed floating aggregates on 1% agarose hydrogels. The extent of ECM formed by them was dependent on number of cells seeded irrespective of the seeding density, which in turn directed the 3D aggregate compactness. The 3D aggregates were less susceptible to cisplatin and UV-induced cytotoxicity compared to 2D counterparts. The IC50 value of cisplatin was elevated at 210 μg/ml for the aggregates compared to 170 μg/ml for the monolayers. Exposure to UV for 0, 10, 20, and 30 min gave inhibition values of 2.98%, 8%, 22.99%, and 31.8% for the aggregates as compared to 3.06%, 7.5%, 39.4%, and 46.7% for the monolayers. While bleomycin-induced effects were unapparent when analyzed by vital staining for the doses used, the rapid, single-step method in 96-well plates was able to provide a dose-response for cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effects. Also, comparative analysis of results obtained from vital staining and the single-step method demonstrates the reliability of the assay described. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 685-690, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddaly Ravi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India
| | - Aarthi Ramesh
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India
| | - Aishwarya Pattabhi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India
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Elevated hydrostatic pressure enhances the motility and enlarges the size of the lung cancer cells through aquaporin upregulation mediated by caveolin-1 and ERK1/2 signaling. Oncogene 2016; 36:863-874. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ahamed M, Akhtar MJ, Alhadlaq HA, Alshamsan A. Copper ferrite nanoparticle-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 142:46-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Gomes LR, Vessoni AT, Menck CF. Microenvironment and autophagy cross-talk: Implications in cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2016; 107:300-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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He J, Liang X, Luo F, Chen X, Xu X, Wang F, Zhang Z. P53 Is Involved in a Three-Dimensional Architecture-Mediated Decrease in Chemosensitivity in Colon Cancer. J Cancer 2016; 7:900-9. [PMID: 27313779 PMCID: PMC4910581 DOI: 10.7150/jca.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) culture models represent a better approximation of solid tumor tissue architecture, especially cell adhesion, in vivo than two-dimensional (2D) cultures do. Here, we explored the role of architecture in chemosensitivity to platinum in colon cancer. Under the 3D culture condition, colon cancer cells formed multicellular spheroids, consisting of layers of cells. 3D cultures displayed significantly decreased sensitivity to platinum compared with 2D cultures. Platinum increased p53 in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. There was no detectable difference in basal p53 levels between 3D cultures and 2D cultures but cisplatin induced less p53 in both HCT116 3D cultures and LoVo 3D cultures. It was not due to cisplatin concentration because cisplatin induced similar γ-H2AX in 3D vs 2D. Knockdown of p53 significantly decreased sensitivity to platinum in 3D cultures. Knockdown of p53 decreased cleaved caspase 3 and apoptosis induced by cisplatin. These findings indicate that 3D architecture confers decreased chemosensitivity to platinum and p53 is involved in the mechanism. Knockdown of p53 decreased cisplatin's induction of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) activation, whereas inhibition of JNK1/2 activation increased chemosensitivity. Inhibition of p38 activation decreased cisplatin's induction of p53, but no difference in p38 activation by cisplatin was observed between 2D cultures and 3D cultures. Taken together, our results suggest that p53 is involved in a 3D architecture-mediated decrease in chemosensitivity to platinum in colon cancer. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (JNK1/2 and p38) do not play a dominant role in the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming He
- 1. Department Of Oncology And Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Xi Liang
- 1. Department Of Oncology And Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China;; 2. Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn, and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Fen Luo
- 2. Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn, and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Xuedan Chen
- 3. Department Of Medical Genetics, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Xueqing Xu
- 2. Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn, and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- 4. Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Zhenping Zhang
- 5. Department Of Oncology, First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050011 China
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Follo C, Barbone D, Richards WG, Bueno R, Broaddus VC. Autophagy initiation correlates with the autophagic flux in 3D models of mesothelioma and with patient outcome. Autophagy 2016; 12:1180-94. [PMID: 27097020 PMCID: PMC4990992 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1173799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the role of autophagy in cancer has been limited by the inability to measure this dynamic process in formalin-fixed tissue. We considered that 3-dimensional models including ex vivo tumor, such as we have developed for studying mesothelioma, would provide valuable insights. Using these models, in which we could use lysosomal inhibitors to measure the autophagic flux, we sought a marker of autophagy that would be valid in formalin-fixed tumor and be used to assess the role of autophagy in patient outcome. Autophagy was studied in mesothelioma cell lines, as 2-dimensional (2D) monolayers and 3-dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroids (MCS), and in tumor from 25 chemonaive patients, both as ex vivo 3D tumor fragment spheroids (TFS) and as formalin-fixed tissue. Autophagy was evaluated as autophagic flux by detection of the accumulation of LC3 after lysosomal inhibition and as autophagy initiation by detection of ATG13 puncta. We found that autophagic flux in 3D, but not in 2D, correlated with ATG13 positivity. In each TFS, ATG13 positivity was similar to that of the original tumor. When tested in tissue microarrays of 109 chemonaive patients, higher ATG13 positivity correlated with better prognosis and provided information independent of known prognostic factors. Our results show that ATG13 is a static marker of the autophagic flux in 3D models of mesothelioma and may also reflect autophagy levels in formalin-fixed tumor. If confirmed, this marker would represent a novel prognostic factor for mesothelioma, supporting the notion that autophagy plays an important role in this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Follo
- a San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Dario Barbone
- a San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - William G Richards
- b Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Raphael Bueno
- b Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
| | - V Courtney Broaddus
- a San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
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Quinet A, Martins DJ, Vessoni AT, Biard D, Sarasin A, Stary A, Menck CFM. Translesion synthesis mechanisms depend on the nature of DNA damage in UV-irradiated human cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:5717-31. [PMID: 27095204 PMCID: PMC4937316 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet-induced 6-4 photoproducts (6-4PP) and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) can be tolerated by translesion DNA polymerases (TLS Pols) at stalled replication forks or by gap-filling. Here, we investigated the involvement of Polη, Rev1 and Rev3L (Polζ catalytic subunit) in the specific bypass of 6-4PP and CPD in repair-deficient XP-C human cells. We combined DNA fiber assay and novel methodologies for detection and quantification of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) gaps on ongoing replication forks and postreplication repair (PRR) tracts in the human genome. We demonstrated that Rev3L, but not Rev1, is required for postreplicative gap-filling, while Polη and Rev1 are responsible for TLS at stalled replication forks. Moreover, specific photolyases were employed to show that in XP-C cells, CPD arrest replication forks, while 6-4PP are responsible for the generation of ssDNA gaps and PRR tracts. On the other hand, in the absence of Polη or Rev1, both types of lesion block replication forks progression. Altogether, the data directly show that, in the human genome, Polη and Rev1 bypass CPD and 6-4PP at replication forks, while only 6-4PP are also tolerated by a Polζ-dependent gap-filling mechanism, independent of S phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Quinet
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Davi Jardim Martins
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - Denis Biard
- CEA, IMETI, SEPIA, Team Cellular Engineering and Human Syndromes, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Alain Sarasin
- CNRS-UMR8200, Université Paris Sud, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Stary
- CNRS-UMR8200, Université Paris Sud, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
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CUI LI, SONG ZHIHENG, LIANG BING, JIA LILI, MA SHUMEI, LIU XIAODONG. Radiation induces autophagic cell death via the p53/DRAM signaling pathway in breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:3639-47. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Mutant p53 proteins counteract autophagic mechanism sensitizing cancer cells to mTOR inhibition. Mol Oncol 2016; 10:1008-29. [PMID: 27118659 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in TP53 gene play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and cancer development. Here, we report that gain-of-function mutant p53 proteins inhibit the autophagic pathway favoring antiapoptotic effects as well as proliferation of pancreas and breast cancer cells. We found that mutant p53 significantly counteracts the formation of autophagic vesicles and their fusion with lysosomes throughout the repression of some key autophagy-related proteins and enzymes as BECN1 (and P-BECN1), DRAM1, ATG12, SESN1/2 and P-AMPK with the concomitant stimulation of mTOR signaling. As a paradigm of this mechanism, we show that atg12 gene repression was mediated by the recruitment of the p50 NF-κB/mutant p53 protein complex onto the atg12 promoter. Either mutant p53 or p50 NF-κB depletion downregulates atg12 gene expression. We further correlated the low expression levels of autophagic genes (atg12, becn1, sesn1, and dram1) with a reduced relapse free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) of breast cancer patients carrying TP53 gene mutations conferring a prognostic value to this mutant p53-and autophagy-related signature. Interestingly, the mutant p53-driven mTOR stimulation sensitized cancer cells to the treatment with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus. All these results reveal a novel mechanism through which mutant p53 proteins promote cancer cell proliferation with the concomitant inhibition of autophagy.
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Huang Z, Zhou L, Chen Z, Nice EC, Huang C. Stress management by autophagy: Implications for chemoresistance. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:23-32. [PMID: 26757106 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy; Chengdu People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology; the Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College; Haikou Hainan People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy; Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Neurology; the Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College; Haikou Hainan People's Republic of China
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Monash University; Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy; Chengdu People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College; Haikou Hainan People's Republic of China
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Louandre C, Donnadieu J, Lachaier E, Page C, Chauffert B, Galmiche A. Personalization of the medical treatment of solid tumours using patient-derived tumour explants (Review). Int J Oncol 2016; 48:895-9. [PMID: 26783093 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the pre-clinical characterization of therapeutic approaches and developing new biological assays that will enable treatment personalization for individual patients are promising developments in oncology. Here we describe a new approach consisting of culturing human tumour explants. This approach involves the preparation of slices from freshly-obtained, surgically-resected material that can be maintained ex vivo for several days. Recent studies have provided proof of principle that this approach can be easily implemented in order to explore the mode of action of various anticancer drugs and the responses of 'real' tumours at the individual patient level. We present the practical aspects and highlight the versatility of this approach, which allows for the analysis of the susceptibility of any individual tumour to multiple anticancer drugs in parallel. We discuss its potential as a companion assay in the design of optimal clinical trials and as a guide for the prescription of medical treatment. We discuss which future clinical and biological studies are needed to validate the information gathered from cultured tumour explants, and to integrate this information with that gathered from other assays in order to optimize the medical treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jérome Donnadieu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Amiens Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Emma Lachaier
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHU Amiens Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Cyril Page
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Amiens Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Bruno Chauffert
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHU Amiens Sud, Amiens, France
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The Impact of Paeoniflorin on α-Synuclein Degradation Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:182495. [PMID: 26693241 PMCID: PMC4674600 DOI: 10.1155/2015/182495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) is the major active ingredient in the traditional Chinese medicine Radix. It plays a neuroprotective role by regulating autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation pathway. In this study, we found PF significantly reduced cell damage caused by MPP+, returning cells to normal state. Cell viability significantly improved after 24 h exposure to RAPA and PF in the MPP+ group (all P < 0.01). CAT and SOD activities were significantly decreased after PF and RAPA treatment, compared with MPP+ (P < 0.001). In addition, MPP+ activated both LC3-II and E1; RAPA increased LC3-II but inhibited E1. PF significantly upregulated both LC3-II (autophagy) and E1 (ubiquitin-proteasome pathway) expression (P < 0.001), promoted degradation of α-synuclein, and reduced cell damage. We show MPP+ enhanced immunofluorescence signal of intracellular α-synuclein and LC3. Fluorescence intensity of α-synuclein decreased after PF treatment. In conclusion, these data show PF reversed the decline of proteasome activity caused by MPP+ and significantly upregulated both autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways, promoted the degradation of α-synuclein, and reduced cell damage. These findings suggest PF is a potential therapeutic medicine for neurodegenerative diseases.
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D'Alessandro R, Messa C, Refolo MG, Carr BI. Modulation of sensitivity and resistance to multikinase inhibitors by microenvironmental platelet factors in HCC. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2015; 16:2773-80. [PMID: 26479083 DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2015.1101065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Response of a tumor to chemotherapy or multikinase inhibitor therapy has been traditionally thought to be a reflection of the sum of the characteristics of both the drug and of the tumor cell resistance mechanisms. More recently, there has been a growing awareness of the role of non-tumor factors-both cellular and humoral-in the tumor microenvironment that can increase or decrease the tumor cellular responses to the therapy. This article focuses on platelet factors in clinical HCC and experimental evidence that they provide growth stimulants that can antagonize the growth inhibitory effects of therapy. AREAS COVERED Review of the mechanisms of multikinase cancer growth inhibitors and of the role of platelets in providing growth factors that can antagonize their effects. EXPERT OPINION These new ideas and data show that the response of a tumor to multikinase inhibitors or chemotherapy may be strongly influenced by microenvironmental factors. Conversely, antagonists to these environmental factors, such as EGFR inhibitors and IGF1-R inhibitors, might be expected to augment the anti-tumor effect of both chemotherapy and multikinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba D'Alessandro
- a Laboratory of Cellular Biology, National Institute for Digestive Diseases , IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" , Via Turi 27, Castellana Grotte , BA 70013 , Italy
| | - Caterina Messa
- a Laboratory of Cellular Biology, National Institute for Digestive Diseases , IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" , Via Turi 27, Castellana Grotte , BA 70013 , Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Refolo
- a Laboratory of Cellular Biology, National Institute for Digestive Diseases , IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" , Via Turi 27, Castellana Grotte , BA 70013 , Italy
| | - Brian I Carr
- a Laboratory of Cellular Biology, National Institute for Digestive Diseases , IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" , Via Turi 27, Castellana Grotte , BA 70013 , Italy.,b Visiting Professor, Program for Targeted Experimental Therapeutics, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center , Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir , Turkey
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The p53 tetramer shows an induced-fit interaction of the C-terminal domain with the DNA-binding domain. Oncogene 2015; 35:3272-81. [PMID: 26477317 PMCID: PMC4929483 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Trp53 gene is the most frequently mutated gene in all human cancers. Its protein product p53 is a very powerful transcription factor that can activate different biochemical pathways and affect the regulation of metabolism, senescence, DNA damage response, cell cycle and cell death. The understanding of its function at the molecular level could be of pivotal relevance for therapy. Investigation of long-range intra- and interdomain communications in the p53 tetramer–DNA complex was performed by means of an atomistic model that included the tetramerization helices in the C-terminal domain, the DNA-binding domains and a consensus DNA-binding site of 18 base pairs. Nonsymmetric dynamics are illustrated in the four DNA-binding domains, with loop L1 switching from inward to outward conformations with respect to the DNA major groove. Direct intra- and intermonomeric long-range communications between the tetramerization and DNA-binding domains are noted. These long-distance conformational changes link the C terminus with the DNA-binding domain and provide a biophysical rationale for the reported functional regulation of the p53 C-terminal region. A fine characterization of the DNA deformation caused by p53 binding is obtained, with ‘static' deformations always present and measured by the slide parameter in the central thymine–adenine base pairs; we also detect ‘dynamic' deformations switched on and off by particular p53 tetrameric conformations and measured by the roll and twist parameters in the same base pairs. These different conformations can indeed modulate the electrostatic potential isosurfaces of the whole p53–DNA complex. These results provide a molecular/biophysical understanding of the evident role of the C terminus in post-translational modification that regulates the transcriptional function of p53. Furthermore, the unstructured C terminus is able to facilitate contacts between the core DNA-binding domains of the tetramer.
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40
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Sun Y. Tumor microenvironment and cancer therapy resistance. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:205-15. [PMID: 26272180 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Innate resistance to various therapeutic interventions is a hallmark of cancer. In recent years, however, acquired resistance has emerged as a daunting challenge to anticancer treatments including chemotherapy, radiation and targeted therapy, which abolishes the efficacy of otherwise successful regimens. Cancer cells gain resistance through a variety of mechanisms in both primary and metastatic sites, involving cell intrinsic and extrinsic factors, but the latter often remains overlooked. Mounting evidence suggests critical roles played by the tumor microenvironment (TME) in multiple aspects of cancer progression particularly therapeutic resistance. The TME decreases drug penetration, confers proliferative and antiapoptotic advantages to surviving cells, facilitates resistance without causing genetic mutations and epigenetic changes, collectively modifying disease modality and distorting clinical indices. Recent studies have set the baseline for future investigation on the intricate relationship between cancer resistance and the TME in pathological backgrounds. This review provides an updated outline of research advances in TME biology and highlights the prospect of targeting the TME as an essential strategy to overcome cancer resistance and improve therapeutic outcomes through precise intervention. In the long run, continued inputs into translational medicine remain highly desired to achieve durable responses in the current era of personalized clinical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Key Lab of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China; VA Seattle Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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