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Cai X, Golubkova A, Hunter CJ. Advances in our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:225. [PMID: 35468817 PMCID: PMC9036771 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03277-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a multifactorial and complex disease. Our knowledge of the cellular and genetic basis of NEC have expanded considerably as new molecular mechanisms have been identified. This article will focus on the current understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of NEC with a focus on the inflammatory, immune, infectious, and genetic mechanisms that drive disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cai
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Alena Golubkova
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Catherine J Hunter
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
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Donda KT, Torres BA, Khashu M, Maheshwari A. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Curr Pediatr Rev 2022; 18:197-209. [PMID: 35040407 DOI: 10.2174/1573396318666220117091621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains unclear, but increasing information suggests that the risk and severity of NEC may be influenced by single nucleotide polymorphisms in many genes. In this article, we have reviewed gene variations that have either been specifically identified in NEC or have been noted in other inflammatory bowel disorders with similar histopathological abnormalities. We present evidence from our own peer-reviewed laboratory studies and data from an extensive literature search in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus. To avoid bias in the identification of existing studies, search keywords were short-listed both from our own studies and from PubMed's Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) thesaurus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyur T Donda
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Benjamin A Torres
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Minesh Khashu
- Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Bournemouth University, Poole, United Kingdom
| | - Akhil Maheshwari
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, ML, USA
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Demetrowitsch TJ, Schlicht K, Knappe C, Zimmermann J, Jensen-Kroll J, Pisarevskaja A, Brix F, Brandes J, Geisler C, Marinos G, Sommer F, Schulte DM, Kaleta C, Andersen V, Laudes M, Schwarz K, Waschina S. Precision Nutrition in Chronic Inflammation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:587895. [PMID: 33329569 PMCID: PMC7719806 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.587895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular foundation of chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) can differ markedly between individuals. As our understanding of the biochemical mechanisms underlying individual disease manifestations and progressions expands, new strategies to adjust treatments to the patient's characteristics will continue to profoundly transform clinical practice. Nutrition has long been recognized as an important determinant of inflammatory disease phenotypes and treatment response. Yet empirical work demonstrating the therapeutic effectiveness of patient-tailored nutrition remains scarce. This is mainly due to the challenges presented by long-term effects of nutrition, variations in inter-individual gastrointestinal microbiota, the multiplicity of human metabolic pathways potentially affected by food ingredients, nutrition behavior, and the complexity of food composition. Historically, these challenges have been addressed in both human studies and experimental model laboratory studies primarily by using individual nutrition data collection in tandem with large-scale biomolecular data acquisition (e.g. genomics, metabolomics, etc.). This review highlights recent findings in the field of precision nutrition and their potential implications for the development of personalized treatment strategies for CIDs. It emphasizes the importance of computational approaches to integrate nutritional information into multi-omics data analysis and to predict which molecular mechanisms may explain how nutrients intersect with disease pathways. We conclude that recent findings point towards the unexhausted potential of nutrition as part of personalized medicine in chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias J. Demetrowitsch
- Division of Food Technology, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kristina Schlicht
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carina Knappe
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Zimmermann
- Research Group Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Jensen-Kroll
- Division of Food Technology, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alina Pisarevskaja
- Division of Food Technology, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Division of Nutriinformatics, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fynn Brix
- Division of Food Technology, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Juliane Brandes
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Corinna Geisler
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Georgios Marinos
- Research Group Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Felix Sommer
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dominik M. Schulte
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Kaleta
- Research Group Medical Systems Biology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Vibeke Andersen
- Institute of Regional Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Focused Research Unit for Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa, Denmark
| | - Matthias Laudes
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine 1, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karin Schwarz
- Division of Food Technology, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Silvio Waschina
- Division of Nutriinformatics, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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