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Luthfi M, Pandey RB, Su YC, Sompornpisut P. Deciphering molecular basis of pesticide-induced recurrent pregnancy loss: insights from transcriptomics analysis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:527-544. [PMID: 38294000 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2307975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed a notable connection between pesticide exposure and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL), yet the precise molecular underpinning of this toxicity remains elusive. Through the alignment of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) of healthy and RPL patients with the target genes of 9 pesticide components, we identified a set of 12 genes responsible for RPL etiology. Interestingly, biological process showed that besides RPL, those 12 genes also associated with preeclampsia and cardiovascular disease. Enrichment analysis showed the engagement of these genes associated with essential roles in the molecular transport of small molecules, as well as the aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption, endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption, mineral absorption, ion homeostasis, and ion transport by P-type ATPases. Notably, the crosstalk targets between pesticide components played crucial roles in influencing RPL results, suggesting a role in attenuating pesticide agents that contribute to RPL. It is important to note that non-significant concentration of the pesticide components observed in both control and RPL samples should not prematurely undermine the potential for pesticides to induce RPL in humans. This study emphasizes the complexity of pesticide induced RPL and highlights avenues for further research and precautionary measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Luthfi
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - R B Pandey
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Yong-Chao Su
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pornthep Sompornpisut
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Denic-Roberts H, McAdam J, Sjodin A, Davis M, Jones R, Ward MH, Hoang TD, Ma S, Zhang Y, Rusiecki JA. Endocrine disrupting chemical mixture exposure and risk of papillary thyroid cancer in U.S. military personnel: A nested case-control study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171342. [PMID: 38428594 PMCID: PMC11034764 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Single-pollutant methods to evaluate associations between endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and thyroid cancer risk may not reflect realistic human exposures. Therefore, we evaluated associations between exposure to a mixture of 18 EDCs, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), brominated flame retardants, and organochlorine pesticides, and risk of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), the most common thyroid cancer histological subtype. We conducted a nested case-control study among U.S. military servicemembers of 652 histologically-confirmed PTC cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2013 and 652 controls, matched on birth year, sex, race/ethnicity, military component (active duty/reserve), and serum sample timing. We estimated mixture odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and standard errors (SE) for associations between pre-diagnostic serum EDC mixture concentrations, overall PTC risk, and risk of histological subtypes of PTC (classical, follicular), adjusted for body mass index and military branch, using quantile g-computation. Additionally, we identified relative contributions of individual mixture components to PTC risk, represented by positive and negative weights (w). A one-quartile increase in the serum mixture concentration was associated with a non-statistically significant increase in overall PTC risk (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 0.91, 1.56; SE = 0.14). Stratified by histological subtype and race (White, Black), a one-quartile increase in the mixture was associated with increased classical PTC risk among those of White race (OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.06, 2.40; SE = 0.21), but not of Black race (OR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.34, 2.68; SE = 0.53). PCBs 180, 199, and 118 had the greatest positive weights driving this association among those of White race (w = 0.312, 0.255, and 0.119, respectively). Findings suggest that exposure to an EDC mixture may be associated with increased classical PTC risk. These findings warrant further investigation in other study populations to better understand PTC risk by histological subtype and race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hristina Denic-Roberts
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), MD, USA
| | - Jordan McAdam
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, 4494 North Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Andreas Sjodin
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH), Division of Laboratory Sciences (DLS), Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Mark Davis
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH), Division of Laboratory Sciences (DLS), Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Richard Jones
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH), Division of Laboratory Sciences (DLS), Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Mary H Ward
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Thanh D Hoang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jennifer A Rusiecki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Weiss MC, Wang L, Sargis RM. Hormonal Injustice: Environmental Toxicants as Drivers of Endocrine Health Disparities. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2023; 52:719-736. [PMID: 37865484 PMCID: PMC10929240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The toll of multiple endocrine disorders has increased substantially in recent decades, and marginalized populations bear a disproportionate burden of disease. Because of the significant individual and societal impact of these conditions, it is essential to identify and address all modifiable risk factors contributing to these disparities. Abundant evidence now links endocrine dysfunction with exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), with greater exposures to multiple EDCs occurring among vulnerable groups, such as racial/ethnic minorities, those with low incomes, and others with high endocrine disease burdens. Identifying and eliminating EDC exposures is an essential step in achieving endocrine health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C Weiss
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1853 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott, Suite E625, M/C 640, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Luyu Wang
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1853 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott, Suite E625, M/C 640, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1853 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott, Suite E625, M/C 640, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Chicago Center for Health and Environment, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 820 South Damen, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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McAdam J, Bell EM. Determinants of maternal and neonatal PFAS concentrations: a review. Environ Health 2023; 22:41. [PMID: 37161484 PMCID: PMC10170754 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00992-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are used for their properties such as stain and water resistance. The substances have been associated with adverse health outcomes in both pregnant mothers and infants, including pre-eclampsia and low birthweight. A growing body of research suggests that PFAS are transferred from mother to fetus through the placenta, leading to in utero exposure. A systematic review was performed using the PubMed database to search for studies evaluating determinants of PFAS concentrations in blood matrices of pregnant mothers and neonates shortly after birth. Studies were included in this review if an observational study design was utilized, exposure to at least one PFAS analyte was measured, PFAS were measured in maternal or neonatal matrices, at least one determinant of PFAS concentrations was assessed, and results such as beta estimates were provided. We identified 35 studies for inclusion in the review and evaluated the PFAS and determinant relationships among the factors collected in these studies. Parity, breastfeeding history, maternal race and country of origin, and household income had the strongest and most consistent evidence to support their roles as determinants of certain PFAS concentrations in pregnant mothers. Reported study findings on smoking status, alcohol consumption, and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) suggest that these factors are not important determinants of PFAS concentrations in pregnant mothers or neonates. Further study into informative factors such as consumer product use, detailed dietary information, and consumed water sources as potential determinants of maternal or neonatal PFAS concentrations is needed. Research on determinants of maternal or neonatal PFAS concentrations is critical to estimate past PFAS exposure, build improved exposure models, and further our understanding on dose-response relationships, which can influence epidemiological studies and risk assessment evaluations. Given the potential for adverse outcomes in pregnant mothers and neonates exposed to PFAS, it is important to identify and understand determinants of maternal and neonatal PFAS concentrations to better implement public health interventions in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan McAdam
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Erin M Bell
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
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Charles D, Berg V, Nøst TH, Wilsgaard T, Bergdahl IA, Huber S, Ayotte P, Averina M, Sandanger T, Rylander C. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases and controls: Repeated measurements prior to and after diagnosis. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 249:114148. [PMID: 36881976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported associations between certain persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of POPs that are found in increasing concentrations in humans. Although obesity is a known risk factor for T2DM and PBDEs are fat-soluble, very few studies have investigated associations between PBDEs and T2DM. No longitudinal studies have assessed associations between repeated measurements of PBDE and T2DM in the same individuals and compared time trends of PBDEs in T2DM cases and controls. OBJECTIVES To investigate associations between pre- and post-diagnostic measurements of PBDEs and T2DM and to compare time trends of PBDEs in T2DM cases and controls. METHODS Questionnaire data and serum samples from participants in the Tromsø Study were used to conduct a longitudinal nested case-control study among 116 T2DM cases and 139 controls. All included study participants had three pre-diagnostic blood samples (collected before T2DM diagnosis in cases), and up to two post-diagnostic samples after T2DM diagnosis. We used logistic regression models to investigate pre- and post-diagnostic associations between PBDEs and T2DM, and linear mixed-effect models to assess time trends of PBDEs in T2DM cases and controls. RESULTS We observed no substantial pre- or post-diagnostic associations between any of the PBDEs and T2DM, except for BDE-154 at one of the post-diagnostic time-points (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.00, 2.71). The overall time trends of PBDE concentrations were similar for cases and controls. DISCUSSION The study did not support PBDEs increasing the odds of T2DM, prior to or after T2DM diagnosis. T2DM status did not influence the time trends of PBDE concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolley Charles
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Vivian Berg
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Diagnostic Services, University Hospital of North Norway, NO-9038, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Community Medicine and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ingvar A Bergdahl
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sandra Huber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Diagnostic Services, University Hospital of North Norway, NO-9038, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pierre Ayotte
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de Toxicologie du Québec, INSPQ, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Maria Averina
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Diagnostic Services, University Hospital of North Norway, NO-9038, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Torkjel Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway; NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, NO-9007, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
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Using Latent Profile Analysis to Identify Associations Between Gestational Chemical Mixtures and Child Neurodevelopment. Epidemiology 2023; 34:45-55. [PMID: 36166205 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unsupervised machine learning techniques have become increasingly popular for studying associations between gestational exposure mixtures and human health. Latent profile analysis is one method that has not been fully explored. METHODS We estimated associations between gestational chemical mixtures and child neurodevelopment using latent profile analysis. Using data from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) research platform, a longitudinal cohort of pregnant Canadian women and their children, we generated latent profiles from 27 gestational exposure biomarkers. We then examined the associations between these profiles and child Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, and Full-Scale IQ, measured with the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Third Edition (WPPSI-III). We validated our findings using k-means clustering. RESULTS Latent profile analysis detected five latent profiles of exposure: a reference profile containing 61% of the study participants, a high monoethyl phthalate (MEP) profile with moderately low persistent organic pollutants (POPs) containing 26%, a high POP profile containing 6%, a low POP profile containing 4%, and a smoking chemicals profile containing 3%. We observed negative associations between both the smoking chemicals and high MEP profiles and all IQ scores and between the high POP profile and Full-Scale and Verbal IQ scores. We also found a positive association between the low POP profile and Full-Scale and Performance IQ scores. All associations had wide 95% confidence intervals. CONCLUSIONS Latent profile analysis is a promising technique for identifying patterns of chemical exposure and is worthy of further study for its use in examining complicated exposure mixtures.
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Cai Z, Hu W, Wu R, Zheng S, Wu K. Bioinformatic analyses of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers toxicities on impairment of adrenocortical secretory function. Environ Health Prev Med 2022; 27:38. [PMID: 36198577 PMCID: PMC9556975 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.22-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their metabolites have severe impact on human health, but few studies focus on their nephrotoxicity. This study was conceived to explore hub genes that may be involved in two hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers toxicities on impairment of adrenocortical secretory function. METHODS Gene dataset was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Principal component analysis and correlation analysis were used to classify the samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the limma package in RStudio (version 4.1.0). Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Reactome enrichment analyses of DEGs were conducted. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established using STRING network, and genes were filtered by Cytoscape (version 3.8.2). Finally, the hub genes were integrated by plug-in CytoHubba and RobustRankAggreg, and were preliminarily verified by the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). RESULTS GSE8588 dataset was selected in this study. About 190 upregulated and 224 downregulated DEGs in 2-OH-BDE47 group, and 244 upregulated and 276 downregulated DEGs in 2-OH-BDE85 group. Functional enrichment analyses in the GO, KEGG and Reactome indicated the potential involvement of DEGs in endocrine metabolism, oxidative stress mechanisms, regulation of abnormal cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage and repair. 2-OH-BDE85 is more cytotoxic in a dose-dependent manner than 2-OH-BDE47. A total of 98 hub genes were filtered, and 91 nodes and 359 edges composed the PPI network. Besides, 9 direct-acting genes were filtered for the intersection of hub genes by CTD. CONCLUSIONS OH-PBDEs may induce H295R adrenocortical cancer cells in the disorder of endocrine metabolism, regulation of abnormal cell proliferation, DNA damage and repair. The screened hub genes may play an important role in this dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Cai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Chronic Disease Control Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruotong Wu
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
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9
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Environmental exposure during pregnancy and the risk of childhood allergic diseases. World J Pediatr 2021; 17:467-475. [PMID: 34476758 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-021-00448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic diseases are one of the most common and important diseases that can exert hazardous effects on children's health. The prevalence of allergic diseases in childhood is gradually increasing all over the world in recent decades. Known causes of these diseases include anomalous immune responses and allergic inflammatory reactions, but the causes of allergic diseases in childhood are complex. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science were searched for articles focusing on environmental exposure during pregnancy and the risk of childhood allergic diseases, including asthma and atopic dermatitis, and the possible underlying mechanism. RESULTS In terms of environmental factors, allergic diseases in childhood are closely related to environmental chemical exposure during pregnancy, including bisphenols, phthalates acid esters, perfluorochemicals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polychlorinated biphenyls. However, allergic diseases in childhood are also closely associated with maternal dietary nutrition, maternal intake of drugs, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), paracetamol and antibiotics, and maternal lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS Several harmful environmental factors during pregnancy can result in the interruption of the function of helper T cells (Th1/Th2), cytokines and immunoglobulins and may activate allergic reactions, which can lead to allergic diseases during childhood.
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Mehta SS, James-Todd T, Applebaum KM, Bellavia A, Coleman-Phox K, Adler N, Laraia B, Epel E, Parry E, Wang M, Park JS, Zota AR. Persistent organic pollutants and maternal glycemic outcomes in a diverse pregnancy cohort of overweight women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 193:110551. [PMID: 33278474 PMCID: PMC7855882 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal and human studies suggest certain persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may impact glucose metabolism; however, few epidemiologic studies have examined environmental determinants of glycemic outcomes during pregnancy. Our objective is to evaluate associations between exposures to individual and mixture of POPs and measures of prenatal fasting glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance during pregnancy in overweight women. METHODS A cohort of overweight and obese pregnant women (N = 95) was recruited from California. Blood samples were collected during late first or second trimester (median = 16 weeks' gestation; range = 10-24 weeks). Exposures included serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Outcomes included serum concentrations of fasting plasma glucose, fasting plasma insulin, and calculated homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Generalized linear models were used to evaluate cross-sectional associations between individual and aggregate POPs and mean percent difference in fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to assess the relative importance of each exposure to the association with our outcomes, using conditional and group posterior inclusion probabilities (PIPs). RESULTS Study participants were racially/ethnically diverse and nearly half were below the federal poverty level. Across PBDEs and OH-PBDEs, the direction of associations with fasting glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were varied. A doubling of PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-180, and ∑PCBs concentrations was associated with a 2.10% mmol/L (95%CI: 0.49%, 3.74%), 2.10% mmol/L (95%CI: -0.14%, 4.39%), 2.10% mmol/L (95%CI: 0.12%, 4.12%), and 2.81% mmol/L (95%CI: 0.38%, 5.31%) increase in fasting glucose, respectively. Exposure to individual PCBs was positively associated with both fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. All PFAS were inversely associated with fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR. In BKMR models of fasting glucose, all four chemical classes were important contributors to the overall mixture, with PFASs identified as the most important contributor. DISCUSSION Prenatal PCB exposure was positively associated while certain PBDE and PFAS analytes were inversely associated with fasting glucose concentrations in overweight women. Further examination of the relationship between POPs exposure and glycemic functioning in a larger study population of women during pregnancy is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suril S Mehta
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Tamarra James-Todd
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katie M Applebaum
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andrea Bellavia
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Coleman-Phox
- Center for Health and Community, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nancy Adler
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Laraia
- Division of Community Health and Human Development, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Elissa Epel
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emily Parry
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - June-Soo Park
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ami R Zota
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Dalla Zuanna T, Savitz DA, Barbieri G, Pitter G, Zare Jeddi M, Daprà F, Fabricio ASC, Russo F, Fletcher T, Canova C. The association between perfluoroalkyl substances and lipid profile in exposed pregnant women in the Veneto region, Italy. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111805. [PMID: 33360787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Residents of a large area of North-Eastern Italy were exposed for decades to high concentrations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) via drinking water. Serum PFAS levels have been consistently associated with elevated serum lipids, but few studies have been conducted among pregnant women, and none has stratified analyses by trimester of gestation. Elevated serum lipid levels during pregnancy can have both immediate and long-lasting effects on pregnant women and the developing fetus. We evaluated the association between perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluoro-hexanesulfonate (PFHxS) levels in relation to lipid profiles in highly-exposed pregnant women. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 319 pregnant women (age 14-48 years) enrolled in the Regional health surveillance program. Non-fasting blood samples were obtained in any trimester of pregnancy and analyzed for PFOA, PFOS and PFHxS, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated. The associations between ln-transformed PFAS (and categorized into quartiles) and lipids were assessed using generalized additive models. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders and stratified according to pregnancy trimester. RESULTS The geometric means of PFOA, PFOS and PFHxS were 14.78 ng/mL, 2.67 ng/mL and 1.89 ng/mL, respectively. The plasma levels of TC, HDL-C and LDL-C increased steadily throughout the trimesters. In the 1st trimester, PFOS was positively associated with TC and PFHxS with HDL-C. In the 3rd trimester, instead, an inverse relationship was seen between PFOA and PFHxS and both TC and LDL-C. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest the associations between PFAS concentrations and lipid profiles in pregnant women might differ by trimesters of pregnancy. In the first trimester, patterns are similar to those of non-pregnant women, while they differ late in pregnancy. Different independent behavior of PFAS and lipid levels throughout the pregnancy might explain our observations. These findings support the ubiquitous exposure to PFAS and possible influence on lipid metabolisms during pregnancy and suggest a careful evaluation of the timing of PFAS measurement, when examining effects of PFAS during pregnancy on gestational outcomes related to serum lipids amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Dalla Zuanna
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Università di Padova, Via Loredan 18, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - David A Savitz
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States.
| | - Giulia Barbieri
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Università di Padova, Via Loredan 18, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gisella Pitter
- Screening and Health Impact Assessment Unit, Azienda Zero-Veneto Region, Passaggio L. Gaudenzio 1, 35100 Padova, Italy.
| | - Maryam Zare Jeddi
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Università di Padova, Via Loredan 18, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Daprà
- Laboratory Department-Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention and Protection, Veneto Region, Verona, Italy.
| | - Aline S C Fabricio
- Regional Center for Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Pathology, Azienda ULSS 3 Serenissima, Venice, Italy.
| | - Francesca Russo
- Directorate of Prevention, Food Safety, and Veterinary Public Health, Veneto Region, Dorsoduro, 3493 - Rio Nuovo, 30123 Venice, Italy.
| | - Tony Fletcher
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Cristina Canova
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Università di Padova, Via Loredan 18, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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