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Witte H, Künstner A, Gebauer N. Update: The molecular spectrum of virus-associated high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Blood Rev 2024; 65:101172. [PMID: 38267313 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2024.101172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The vast spectrum of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin neoplasms (B-NHL) encompasses several infrequent entities occurring in association with viral infections, posing diagnostic challenges for practitioners. In the emerging era of precision oncology, the molecular characterization of malignancies has acquired paramount significance. The pathophysiological comprehension of specific entities and the identification of targeted therapeutic options have seen rapid development. However, owing to their rarity, not all entities have undergone exhaustive molecular characterization. Considerable heterogeneity exists in the extant body of work, both in terms of employed methodologies and the scale of cases studied. Presently, therapeutic strategies are predominantly derived from observations in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most prevalent subset of aggressive B-NHL. Ongoing investigations into the molecular profiles of these uncommon virus-associated entities are progressively facilitating a clearer distinction from DLBCL, ultimately paving the way towards individualized therapeutic approaches. This review consolidates the current molecular insights into aggressive and virus-associated B-NHL, taking into consideration the recently updated 5th edition of the WHO classification of hematolymphoid tumors (WHO-5HAEM) and the International Consensus Classification (ICC). Additionally, potential therapeutically targetable susceptibilities are highlighted, offering a comprehensive overview of the present scientific landscape in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Witte
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081 Ulm, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - A Künstner
- University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein (UCCSH), Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; Medical Systems Biology Group, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - N Gebauer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein (UCCSH), Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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2
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Mayr F, Kruse V, Fuhrmann DC, Wolf S, Löber J, Alsouri S, Paglilla N, Lee K, Chapuy B, Brüne B, Zenz T, Häupl B, Oellerich T, Engelke M. SH2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatases support the survival of Burkitt lymphoma cells by promoting energy metabolism. Haematologica 2024; 109:1445-1459. [PMID: 37916396 PMCID: PMC11063853 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma cells (BL) exploit antigen-independent tonic signals transduced by the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) for their survival, but the molecular details of the rewired BL-specific BCR signal network remain unclear. A loss of function screen revealed the SH2 domain-containing 5`-inositol phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) as a potential modulator of BL fitness. We characterized the role of SHIP2 in BL survival in several BL cell models and show that perturbing SHIP2 function renders cells more susceptible to apoptosis, while attenuating proliferation in a BCR-dependent manner. Unexpectedly, SHIP2 deficiency did neither affect PI3K survival signals nor MAPK activity, but attenuated ATP production. We found that an efficient energy metabolism in BL cells requires phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate (PI(3,4)P2), which is the enzymatic product of SHIP proteins. Consistently, interference with the function of SHIP1 and SHIP2 augments BL cell susceptibility to PI3K inhibition. Notably, we provide here a molecular basis of how tonic BCR signals are connected to energy supply, which is particularly important for such an aggressively growing neoplasia. These findings may help to improve therapies for the treatment of BL by limiting energy metabolism through the inhibition of SHIP proteins, which renders BL cells more susceptible to the targeting of survival signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mayr
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Vanessa Kruse
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Dominik C Fuhrmann
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt
| | - Jens Löber
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin
| | - Saed Alsouri
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Nadia Paglilla
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen
| | - Kwang Lee
- Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg
| | - Björn Chapuy
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt
| | - Thorsten Zenz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich
| | - Björn Häupl
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt
| | - Thomas Oellerich
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt
| | - Michael Engelke
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen.
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Layden HM, Ellis JD, Bomber ML, Bartlett LN, Hiebert SW, Stengel KR. Mutant FOXO1 controls an oncogenic network via enhancer accessibility. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100537. [PMID: 38604128 PMCID: PMC11019358 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Transcriptional dysregulation is a hallmark of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), as transcriptional regulators are frequently mutated. However, our mechanistic understanding of how normal transcriptional programs are co-opted in DLBCL has been hindered by a lack of methodologies that provide the temporal resolution required to separate direct and indirect effects on transcriptional control. We applied a chemical-genetic approach to engineer the inducible degradation of the transcription factor FOXO1, which is recurrently mutated (mFOXO1) in DLBCL. The combination of rapid degradation of mFOXO1, nascent transcript detection, and assessment of chromatin accessibility allowed us to identify the direct targets of mFOXO1. mFOXO1 was required to maintain accessibility at specific enhancers associated with multiple oncogenes, and mFOXO1 degradation impaired RNA polymerase pause-release at some targets. Wild-type FOXO1 appeared to weakly regulate many of the same targets as mFOXO1 and was able to complement the degradation of mFOXO1 in the context of AKT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary M Layden
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jacob D Ellis
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Monica L Bomber
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Luke N Bartlett
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Scott W Hiebert
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Kristy R Stengel
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY, USA.
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4
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Goleij P, Sanaye PM, Babamohamadi M, Tabari MAK, Amirian R, Rezaee A, Mirzaei H, Kumar AP, Sethi G, Sadreddini S, Jeandet P, Khan H. Phytostilbenes in lymphoma: Focuses on the mechanistic and clinical prospects of resveratrol, pterostilbene, piceatannol, and pinosylvin. Leuk Res 2024; 138:107464. [PMID: 38422882 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2024.107464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Lymphoma is a cancer affecting the lymphatic system that fights infections and diseases. In addition to surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, novel approaches have recently been investigated, such as phytostilbenes in treating lymphoma. Phytostilbenes are natural compounds present in various plants and have been shown to have different therapeutic effects, including anticancer properties. Resveratrol is a main phytostilbene with various derivates followed by pterostilbene and piceatannol. Studies have revealed that phytostilbenes can suppress the growth and proliferation of lymphoma cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting specific enzyme activity in cancer cell survival. The compounds also have antiinflammatory effects contributing to reducing lymphoma-associated inflammation. Additionally, phytostilbenes have been shown to increase the immune system's ability to fight cancer cells by activating immune cells (T-cells and natural killer cells). This review investigates the potential therapeutic effects of phytostilbenes, including resveratrol, pterostilbene, piceatannol, and pinosylvin, against lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Pantea Majma Sanaye
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehregan Babamohamadi
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; USERN Office, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Roshanak Amirian
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Aryan Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sarvin Sadreddini
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Research Unit "Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection", RIBP-USC INRA 1488, Reims 51100, France
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan.
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Wu Q, Leng X, Ma X, Xu Q, Ni R, Pan Y, Jin Z, Kalim M. Triptolide Reduces MDA-MB-231 Cell Metastasis by Attenuating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition through the ROCK/PTEN/Akt Axis. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300399. [PMID: 37910661 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous and invasive subtype of breast cancer. The prognosis of TNBC is poor because of its high distant metastasis rate. Triptolide is a type of diterpene trioxide natural compound with potential anti-tumor activities. This study explored the metastatic inhibitory effect of triptolide on MDA-MB-231 cells and its underlying mechanism. Triptolide suppressed cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Low doses of triptolide (0-8 nM) reduced the migration and invasion capabilities of MDA-MB-231 cells. Triptolide decreased ROCK1, p-Akt, N-cadherin, vimentin and MMP-9 expressions, but increased PTEN and E-cadherin expressions on protein and mRNA levels. Furthermore, the down-regulation of ROCK1 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells after being treated by triptolide could be rescued by ROCK1 specific inhibitor Y27632. Molecular docking showed that triptolide and Y27632 shared the same active center of ROCK1 protein. This article's findings taken together showed that ROCK1 is the primary target of triptolide, which can cause cell apoptosis and inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinhang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xuejiao Leng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xuelin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Qixuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ruijun Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yang Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Zhuolin Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Kalim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
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Katsuragawa‐Taminishi Y, Mizutani S, Kawaji‐Kanayama Y, Onishi A, Okamoto H, Isa R, Mizuhara K, Muramatsu A, Fujino T, Tsukamoto T, Shimura Y, Taniwaki M, Miyagawa‐Hayashino A, Konishi E, Kuroda J. Triple targeting of RSK, AKT, and S6K as pivotal downstream effectors of PDPK1 by TAS0612 in B-cell lymphomas. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:4691-4705. [PMID: 37840379 PMCID: PMC10728023 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) are the most common disease entity among hematological malignancies and have various genetically and molecularly distinct subtypes. In this study, we revealed that the blockade of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDPK1), the master kinase of AGC kinases, induces a growth inhibition via cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis in all eight BCL-derived cell lines examined, including those from activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), double expressor DLBCL, Burkitt lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma. We also demonstrated that, in these cell lines, RSK2, AKT, and S6K, but not PLK1, SGK, or PKC, are the major downstream therapeutic target molecules of PDPK1 and that RSK2 plays a central role and AKT and S6K play subsidiary functional roles as the downstream effectors of PDPK1 in cell survival and proliferation. Following these results, we confirmed the antilymphoma efficacy of TAS0612, a triple inhibitor for total RSK, including RSK2, AKT, and S6K, not only in these cell lines, regardless of disease subtypes, but also in all 25 patient-derived B lymphoma cells of various disease subtypes. At the molecular level, TAS0612 caused significant downregulation of MYC and mTOR target genes while inducing the tumor suppressor TP53INP1 protein in these cell lines. These results prove that the simultaneous blockade of RSK2, AKT, and S6K, which are the pivotal downstream substrates of PDPK1, is a novel therapeutic target for the various disease subtypes of BCLs and line up TAS0612 as an attractive candidate agent for BCLs for future clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Katsuragawa‐Taminishi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yuka Kawaji‐Kanayama
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Akio Onishi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Haruya Okamoto
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Reiko Isa
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Kentaro Mizuhara
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Ayako Muramatsu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Takahiro Fujino
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Taku Tsukamoto
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yuji Shimura
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
- Department of Blood TransfusionKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Masafumi Taniwaki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | | | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Surgical PathologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Junya Kuroda
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
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Wolffhardt TM, Ketzer F, Telese S, Wirth T, Ushmorov A. Dependency of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines on MEN1 Extends beyond MEN1-KMT2A Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16472. [PMID: 38003662 PMCID: PMC10670986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Menin/MEN1 is a scaffold protein that participates in proliferation, regulation of gene transcription, DNA damage repair, and signal transduction. In hematological malignancies harboring the KMT2A/MLL1 (MLLr) chromosomal rearrangements, the interaction of the oncogenic fusion protein MLLr with MEN1 has been shown to be essential. MEN1 binders inhibiting the MEN1 and KMT2A interaction have been shown to be effective against MLLr AML and B-ALL in experimental models and clinical studies. We hypothesized that in addition to the MEN1-KMT2A interaction, alternative mechanisms might be instrumental in the MEN1 dependency of leukemia. We first mined and analyzed data from publicly available gene expression databases, finding that the dependency of B-ALL cell lines on MEN1 did not correlate with the presence of MLLr. Using shRNA-mediated knockdown, we found that all tested B-ALL cell lines were sensitive to MEN1 depletion, independent of the underlying driver mutations. Most multiple myeloma cell lines that did not harbor MLLr were also sensitive to the genetic depletion of MEN1. We conclude that the oncogenic role of MEN1 is not limited to the interaction with KMT2A. Our results suggest that targeted degradation of MEN1 or the development of binders that induce global changes in the MEN1 protein structure may be more efficient than the inhibition of individual MEN1 protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Magdalena Wolffhardt
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (T.M.W.); (S.T.)
| | - Franz Ketzer
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Stefano Telese
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (T.M.W.); (S.T.)
| | - Thomas Wirth
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (T.M.W.); (S.T.)
| | - Alexey Ushmorov
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (T.M.W.); (S.T.)
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Zheng S, Liao J, Sun M, Liu R, Lv J. Extracellular shuttling miR-21 contributes to esophageal cancers and human umbilical vein endothelial cell communication in the tumor microenvironment and promotes tumor angiogenesis by targeting phosphatase and tensinhomolog. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:3119-3132. [PMID: 37726969 PMCID: PMC10626251 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-cell communication by carcinoma-derived exosomes can influence the tumor microenvironment (TME) and regulate cancer progression. Based on the overexpression of microRNA-21-5p (miR-21) in plasma from patients diagnosed with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and exosomes from ESCC cell lines identified earlier, this study aimed to explore the influence of exosomal miR-21 within the TME. METHOD ScRNA-Seq and Bulk RNA-Seq were integrated to elucidate the communication between cancer and endothelial cells. The functionality and mechanisms by which exo-miR-21 derived from carcinoma regulate endothelial cell-mediated angiogenesis were assessed using a cocultivation model of EC9706 cells and recipient human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), through blood vessel formation experiments, luciferase reporter assays, RT-qPCR, and western blot analysis. RESULT A total of 3842 endothelial cells were extracted from the scRNA-seq data of ESCC samples and reclustered into five cell subtype. Cell-cell communication analysis revealed cancer cells presented a strong interaction with angiogenesis-like endothelial cells in secreted signaling. MiR-21 was unregulated in ESCC and the carcinoma-derived exo-miR-21 was significantly raised in HUVECs. The exo-miR-21 promoted the proliferation and migration of HUVECs while also enhancing, closed mesh count, and junction number in HUVECs. Mechanistically, dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that PTEN was the target of miR-21. Meanwhile, p-Akt was significantly increased and suppressed by inhibition of miR-21 and PI3K inhibitor LY294002. CONCLUSION Exo-miR-21-mediated communication between endothelial and cancer cells plays a pivotal role in promoting the angiogenesis of ESCC. Therefore, controlling exo-miR-21 could serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for ESCC by targeting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanbo Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Thoracic OncologyFudan UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Juan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjingPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Science and Education, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Mingjun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Thoracic OncologyFudan UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiPeople's Republic of China
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9
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Yin J, Xie X, Quan Y, Wang Z, Liu S, Su Q, Che F, Wang L. RNA-seq analysis reveals candidate genes associated with proliferation, invasion, and migration in BCL11A knockdown B-NHL cell lines. Ann Hematol 2023:10.1007/s00277-023-05247-w. [PMID: 37148312 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05247-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11A (BCL11A) is highly expressed in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), blocks cell differentiation, and inhibits cell apoptosis. However, little is known about BCL11A in the proliferation, invasion, and migration of B-NHL cells. Here, we found increased expression of BCL11A in B-NHL patients and cell lines. Knockdown of BCL11A suppressed the proliferation, invasion, and migration of B-NHL cells in vitro and reduced tumor growth in vivo. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that BCL11A-targeted genes were significantly enriched in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, focal adhesion, and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction (including COL4A1, COL4A2, FN1, SPP1), and SPP1 was the most significantly downregulated gene. qRT‒PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry revealed that silencing BCL11A reduced the expression level of SPP1 in Raji cells. Our study suggested that high level of BCL11A may promote B-NHL proliferation, invasion, and migration, and the BCL11A-SPP1 regulatory axis may play an important role in Burkitt's lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yin
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Translational Oncolgoy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Xie
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Translational Oncolgoy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchun Quan
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Translational Oncolgoy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Translational Oncolgoy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Liu
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Health Commission of Shandong Province, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanping Su
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Health Commission of Shandong Province, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyuan Che
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Health Commission of Shandong Province, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Translational Oncolgoy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Hematology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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10
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TIM-4 orchestrates mitochondrial homeostasis to promote lung cancer progression via ANXA2/PI3K/AKT/OPA1 axis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:141. [PMID: 36806050 PMCID: PMC9941510 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function and homeostasis are critical to the proliferation of lung cancer cells. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing molecule 4 (TIM-4) promotes the development and progression of lung cancer. However, the role of TIM-4 in mitochondria homeostasis in tumor cells remains completely unknown. In this study, we found that TIM-4 promoted growth and proliferation of lung cancer cells by the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway. Consistently, inhibition of OXPHOS reversed TIM-4-induced proliferation of lung cancer cells. Notably, TIM-4 promoted mitochondrial fusion via enhancing L-OPA1 protein expression. Mechanistically, TIM-4 regulated protein of L-OPA1 through the PI3K/AKT pathway, and TIM-4 interacted with ANXA2 to promote the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling. Collectively, TIM-4 promotes oxidative phosphorylation of lung cancer cells to accelerate tumor progress via ANXA2/PI3K/AKT/OPA1 axis, which sheds significant new lights on the potential role of TIM-4 in regulating tumor cell metabolism.
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11
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Betzler AC, Ushmorov A, Brunner C. The transcriptional program during germinal center reaction - a close view at GC B cells, Tfh cells and Tfr cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125503. [PMID: 36817488 PMCID: PMC9936310 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The germinal center (GC) reaction is a key process during an adaptive immune response to T cell specific antigens. GCs are specialized structures within secondary lymphoid organs, in which B cell proliferation, somatic hypermutation and antibody affinity maturation occur. As a result, high affinity antibody secreting plasma cells and memory B cells are generated. An effective GC response needs interaction between multiple cell types. Besides reticular cells and follicular dendritic cells, particularly B cells, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells as well as T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells are a key player during the GC reaction. Whereas Tfh cells provide help to GC B cells in selection processes, Tfr cells, a specialized subset of regulatory T cells (Tregs), are able to suppress the GC reaction maintaining the balance between immune activation and tolerance. The formation and function of GCs is regulated by a complex network of signals and molecules at multiple levels. In this review, we highlight recent developments in GC biology by focusing on the transcriptional program regulating the GC reaction. This review focuses on the transcriptional co-activator BOB.1/OBF.1, whose important role for GC B, Tfh and Tfr cell differentiation became increasingly clear in recent years. Moreover, we outline how deregulation of the GC transcriptional program can drive lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika C. Betzler
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexey Ushmorov
- Ulm University, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cornelia Brunner
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany,*Correspondence: Cornelia Brunner,
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12
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E2F1/CKS2/PTEN signaling axis regulates malignant phenotypes in pediatric retinoblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:784. [PMID: 36096885 PMCID: PMC9468144 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common pediatric intraocular malignancy and is a serious vision- and life-threatening disease. The biallelic mutation of the retinoblastoma gene RB1 is the initial event in the malignant transformation of RB, but the exact molecular mechanism is still unclear. E2F transcription factors can be activated by RB1 loss of function and lead to uncontrolled cell division. Among E2F family numbers, E2F1 has higher expression abundance than E2F2 and E2F3 in RB clinical samples. By integrating E2F1 ChIP-seq data, RNA-seq profiling from RB samples and RNA-seq profiling upon E2F1 knockdown, together with pathway analysis, literature searching and experimental validation, we identified Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2) as a novel regulator in regulating tumor-associated phenotypes in RB. CKS2 exhibited aberrantly higher expression in RB. Depletion of CKS2 in Y79 retinoblastoma cell line led to reduced cell proliferation, delayed DNA replication and decreased clonogenic growth. Downregulation of CKS2 also slowed tumor xenograft growth in nude mice. Importantly, reversed expression of CKS2 rescued cancer-associated phenotypes. Mechanistically, transcription factor E2F1 enhanced CKS2 expression through binding to its promoter and CKS2 regulated the cancer-associated PI3K-AKT pathway. This study discovered E2F1/CKS2/PTEN signaling axis regulates malignant phenotypes in pediatric retinoblastoma, and CKS2 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for this disease.
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13
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Burkhardt B, Michgehl U, Rohde J, Erdmann T, Berning P, Reutter K, Rohde M, Borkhardt A, Burmeister T, Dave S, Tzankov A, Dugas M, Sandmann S, Fend F, Finger J, Mueller S, Gökbuget N, Haferlach T, Kern W, Hartmann W, Klapper W, Oschlies I, Richter J, Kontny U, Lutz M, Maecker-Kolhoff B, Ott G, Rosenwald A, Siebert R, von Stackelberg A, Strahm B, Woessmann W, Zimmermann M, Zapukhlyak M, Grau M, Lenz G. Clinical relevance of molecular characteristics in Burkitt lymphoma differs according to age. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3881. [PMID: 35794096 PMCID: PMC9259584 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31355-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWhile survival has improved for Burkitt lymphoma patients, potential differences in outcome between pediatric and adult patients remain unclear. In both age groups, survival remains poor at relapse. Therefore, we conducted a comparative study in a large pediatric cohort, including 191 cases and 97 samples from adults. While TP53 and CCND3 mutation frequencies are not age related, samples from pediatric patients showed a higher frequency of mutations in ID3, DDX3X, ARID1A and SMARCA4, while several genes such as BCL2 and YY1AP1 are almost exclusively mutated in adult patients. An unbiased analysis reveals a transition of the mutational profile between 25 and 40 years of age. Survival analysis in the pediatric cohort confirms that TP53 mutations are significantly associated with higher incidence of relapse (25 ± 4% versus 6 ± 2%, p-value 0.0002). This identifies a promising molecular marker for relapse incidence in pediatric BL which will be used in future clinical trials.
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14
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Sang W, Tu D, Zhang M, Qin Y, Yin W, Song X, Sun C, Yan D, Wang X, Zeng L, Li Z, Xu K, Xu L. l-Asparaginase synergizes with etoposide via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in Epstein-Barr virus-positive Burkitt lymphoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23117. [PMID: 35757978 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven B-cell lymphoma characterized by the translocation and rearrangement of the c-Myc proto-oncogene. High-intensity multidrug chemotherapy regimens have a limited effect on the survival of refractory or relapsed BL patients, mainly owing to the high EBV load and drug resistance. l-asparaginase ( l-Asp) and etoposide (VP-16) play a beneficial role in EBV-related lymphoproliferative diseases; however, their roles and mechanisms in BL remain unclear. In this study, we found that VP-16 inhibited BL cell proliferation and arrested the cell cycle at the G2 /M phase. It also induced autophagy and activated the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways in BL cells. Mechanistically, VP-16 inhibited c-Myc expression and regulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Notably, VP-16 also showed a specific synergistic effect with l-Asp to induce apoptosis in EBV-positive BL cells but not in EBV-negative BL cells. VP-16 combined with l-Asp further inhibited c-Myc expression and downregulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Additionally, we found that VP-16 inhibited the expression of latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), and in combination with l-Asp further decreased LMP1 expression in Raji cells. Our in vivo data also showed that the dual-drug combination significantly inhibited the growth of BL tumors and prolonged the survival of mice compared to VP-16 alone. In conclusion, this study provides new evidence that l-Asp may enhance the antitumor effect of VP-16 by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in EBV-positive BL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongyun Tu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Cardiology, Yancheng TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjing Yin
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuguang Song
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Sun
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangmin Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linyan Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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15
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Galiger C, Dahlhaus M, Vitek MP, Debatin KM, Beltinger C. PPP2CA Is a Novel Therapeutic Target in Neuroblastoma Cells That Can Be Activated by the SET Inhibitor OP449. Front Oncol 2022; 12:744984. [PMID: 35814385 PMCID: PMC9258974 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.744984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood and has a poor prognosis in high-risk cases, requiring novel therapies. Pathways that depend on phospho-signaling maintain the aggressiveness of NB. Protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) with its catalytic subunit PPP2CA is a major phosphatase in cancer cells, including NB. We show that reduction of PPP2CA by knock-down decreased growth of NB cells and that complete ablation of PPP2CA by knock-out was not tolerated. Thus, NB cells are addicted to PPP2CA, an addiction augmented by MYCN activation. SET, a crucial endogenous inhibitor of PP2A, was overexpressed in poor-prognosis NB. The SET inhibitor OP449 effectively decreased the viability of NB cells, independent of their molecular alterations and in line with a tumor suppressor function of PPP2CA. The contrasting concentration-dependent functions of PPP2CA as an essential survival gene at low expression levels and a tumor suppressor at high levels are reminiscent of other genes showing this so-called Goldilocks phenomenon. PP2A reactivated by OP449 decreased activating phosphorylation of serine/threonine residues in the AKT pathway. Conversely, induced activation of AKT led to partial rescue of OP449-mediated viability inhibition. Dasatinib, a kinase inhibitor used in relapsed/refractory NB, and OP449 synergized, decreasing activating AKT phosphorylations. In summary, concomitantly reactivating phosphatases and inhibiting kinases with a combination of OP449 and dasatinib are promising novel therapeutic approaches to NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celimene Galiger
- Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Meike Dahlhaus
- Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Peter Vitek
- Cognosci, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Beltinger
- Section of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- *Correspondence: Christian Beltinger,
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16
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Chen Y, Wang YL, Qiu K, Cao YQ, Zhang FJ, Zhao HB, Liu XZ. YTHDF2 promotes temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma by activation of the Akt and NF-κB signalling pathways via inhibiting EPHB3 and TNFAIP3. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1393. [PMID: 35582627 PMCID: PMC9082891 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Temozolomide (TMZ) resistance is a key factor that restricts the therapeutic effect of glioblastoma (GBM). YTH‐domain family member 2 (YTHDF2) is highly expressed in GBM tissues, while the mechanism of YTHDF2 in TMZ resistance in GBM remains not fully elucidated. Methods The YTHDF2 expression in TMZ‐resistant tissues and cells was detected. Kaplan–Meier analysis was employed to evaluate the prognostic value of YTHDF2 in GBM. Effect of YTHDF2 in TMZ resistance in GBM was explored via corresponding experiments. RNA sequence, FISH in conjugation with fluorescent immunostaining, RNA immunoprecipitation, dual‐luciferase reporter gene and immunofluorescence were applied to investigate the mechanism of YTHDF2 that boosted TMZ resistance in GBM. Results YTHDF2 was up‐regulated in TMZ‐resistant tissues and cells, and patients with high expression of YTHDF2 showed lower survival rate than the patients with low expression of YTHDF2. The elevated YTHDF2 expression boosted TMZ resistance in GBM cells, and the decreased YTHDF2 expression enhanced TMZ sensitivity in TMZ‐resistant GBM cells. Mechanically, YTHDF2 bound to the N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) sites in the 3′UTR of EPHB3 and TNFAIP3 to decrease the mRNA stability. YTHDF2 activated the PI3K/Akt and NF‐κB signals through inhibiting expression of EPHB3 and TNFAIP3, and the inhibition of the two pathways attenuated YTHDF2‐mediated TMZ resistance. Conclusion YTHDF2 enhanced TMZ resistance in GBM by activation of the PI3K/Akt and NF‐κB signalling pathways via inhibition of EPHB3 and TNFAIP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Yan-Lan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Kai Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Yi-Qiang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming China
| | - Feng-Jiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Hai-Biao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Xian-Zhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
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17
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PTEN loss promotes oncogenic function of STMN1 via PI3K/AKT pathway in lung cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14318. [PMID: 34253824 PMCID: PMC8275769 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93815-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Among all cancer types, lung cancer has already become the leading cause of cancer-related death around the world. The molecular mechanism understanding this development is still needed to be improved to treat lung cancer. Stathmin (STMN1) was initially identified as a cytoplasmic protein phosphorylated responding to cell signal and controlled cell physiological processes. The dysregulation of STMN1 is found in various kinds of tumors. However, the molecular mechanism of STMN1 regulating lung cancer is still unclear. Here, we found that STMN1 was overexpressed in lung cancer tissues and associated with worse survival rates of lung cancer patients. Inhibition of STMN1 suppressed lung cancer cell growth, migration and invasion, and promoted drug sensitivity. Moreover, PTEN loss promoted STMN1 expression via PI3K/AKT pathway. PTEN loss ameliorated the inhibition of cell growth, migration and invasion, and drug sensitivity induced by STMN1 knockdown in lung cancer. The high expression of STMN1 was negatively correlated with the low expression of PTEN in lung cancer specimens. Overall, our work demonstrated that PTEN regulated the oncogenic function of STMN1 in lung cancer.
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18
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Rivera-Soto R, Yu Y, Dittmer DP, Damania B. Combined Inhibition of Akt and mTOR Is Effective Against Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Front Oncol 2021; 11:670275. [PMID: 34221985 PMCID: PMC8253055 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.670275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are a diverse group of hematological malignancies comprised of over 60 subtypes. These subtypes range from indolent to aggressive. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway has been shown to contribute to cell survival and proliferation and is constitutively active in most NHL. MK-7075 (miransertib) and MK-4440 are small molecules that effectively inhibit Akt and have entered clinical development. Using in vitro and in vivo models of NHL, we explored targeting the kinase Akt with miransertib and MK-4440 alone or in combination with the mTORC1 inhibitor, rapamycin (sirolimus). Both Akt inhibitors inhibited the pathway and NHL proliferation in a subtype-dependent manner. However, these compounds had a minimal effect on the viability of primary B-cells. Importantly, the combination of miransertib and sirolimus synergistically reduced cell proliferation in NHL, including in one indolent subtype, e.g., follicular lymphoma (FL), and two aggressive subtypes, e.g., diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). To establish in vivo efficacy, we used several xenograft models of FL, DLBCL, and PEL. The results obtained in vivo were consistent with the in vitro studies. The FL xenograft was highly sensitive to the inhibition of Akt alone; however, the tumor burden of PEL xenografts was only significantly reduced when both Akt and mTORC1 were targeted. These data suggest that targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway with Akt inhibitors such as miransertib in combination with mTOR inhibitors serves as a broadly applicable therapeutic in NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Rivera-Soto
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Yi Yu
- ArQule, Inc., A Wholly Owned Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, United States
| | - Dirk P. Dittmer
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Blossom Damania
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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19
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Regulation of Nuclear Factor-KappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway by non-coding RNAs in cancer: Inhibiting or promoting carcinogenesis? Cancer Lett 2021; 509:63-80. [PMID: 33838282 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is considered as a potential therapeutic target in cancer therapy. It has been well established that transcription factor NF-κB is involved in regulating physiological and pathological events including inflammation, immune response and differentiation. Increasing evidences suggest that deregulated NF-κB signaling can enhance cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and also mediate radio-as well as chemo-resistance. On the contrary, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been found to modulate NF-κB signaling pathway under different settings. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can dually inhibit/induce NF-κB signaling thereby affecting the growth and migration of cancer cells. Furthermore, the response of cancer cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy may also be regulated by miRNAs. Regulation of NF-κB by miRNAs may be mediated via binding to 3/-UTR region. Interestingly, anti-tumor compounds can increase the expression of tumor-suppressor miRNAs in inhibiting NF-κB activation and the progression of cancers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) can also effectively modulate NF-κB signaling thus affecting tumorigenesis. It is noteworthy that several studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs and circRNAs can affect miRNAs in targeting NF-κB activation. They can act as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) thereby reducing miRNA expression to induce NF-κB activation that can in turn promote cancer progression and malignancy.
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20
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Yuan D, Li G, Yu L, Jiang Y, Shi Y, Chen Q, Ma X, Pham LV, Young KH, Deng M, Fang Z, Xu B. CS2164 and Venetoclax Show Synergistic Antitumoral Activities in High Grade B-Cell Lymphomas With MYC and BCL2 Rearrangements. Front Oncol 2021; 11:618908. [PMID: 33777762 PMCID: PMC7988232 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.618908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade B-cell lymphoma with concurrent MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (HGBL-DHL) is a rare, aggressive mature B-cell malignancy with a high likelihood of treatment failure following front-line immunochemotherapies. Patients with HGBL-DHL who develop a relapsed or refractory disease have little effective therapeutic strategies and show very poor clinical outcomes, thus calling for development of novel therapies for this specific patient population. In this study, we investigated the preclinical anti-lymphoma efficacies and potential mechanism of action of a novel treatment approach, combining the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax with CS2164, a new orally active multitarget inhibitor, in HGBL-DHL models. This combination therapy exhibited a robust synergistic cytotoxicity against HGBL-DHL cells, evidenced by cooperatively inducing loss of cell viability and promoting cell apoptosis. Moreover, coadministration of CS2164 and venetoclax resulted in significant superior suppression of HGBL-DHL cell growth and remarkably abrogated tumor burden in a HGBL-DHL-xenografted mouse model. The synergistic lethality of CS2164 and venetoclax in HGBL-DHL cells was associated with induction of DNA damage and impairment of DNA repair ability. Of importance, the combined treatment almost abolished the expression of both BCL2 and MYC, two hallmark proteins of HGBL-DHL, and substantially blunted the activity of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade. In addition, MCL1 and BCL-XL, two well-characterized contributors for venetoclax resistance, were significantly lessened in the presence of CS2164 and venetoclax, thus leading to the accumulation of proapoptotic proteins BAX and PUMA and then initiating the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Taken together, these findings suggest that the regimen of CS2164 and venetoclax is highly effective to eliminate HGBL-DHL cells in the preclinical setting, warranting further clinical investigations of this regimen for the treatment of unfavorable HGBL-DHL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delin Yuan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Genhong Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Lian Yu
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Yuelong Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuanfei Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiulin Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Lan V Pham
- Biology, Tumor Dependency, Phamacyclics, Abbvie Company, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ken H Young
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Manman Deng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhihong Fang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
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21
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Niu F, Dzikiewicz-Krawczyk A, Koerts J, de Jong D, Wijenberg L, Fernandez Hernandez M, Slezak-Prochazka I, Winkle M, Kooistra W, van der Sluis T, Rutgers B, Terpstra MM, Kok K, Kluiver J, van den Berg A. MiR-378a-3p Is Critical for Burkitt Lymphoma Cell Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3546. [PMID: 33261009 PMCID: PMC7760147 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules with important gene regulatory roles in normal and pathophysiological cellular processes. Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an MYC-driven lymphoma of germinal center B (GC-B) cell origin. To gain further knowledge on the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of BL, we performed small RNA sequencing in BL cell lines and normal GC-B cells. This revealed 26 miRNAs with significantly different expression levels. For five miRNAs, the differential expression pattern was confirmed in primary BL tissues compared to GC-B cells. MiR-378a-3p was upregulated in BL, and its inhibition reduced the growth of multiple BL cell lines. RNA immunoprecipitation of Argonaute 2 followed by microarray analysis (Ago2-RIP-Chip) upon inhibition and ectopic overexpression of miR-378a-3p revealed 63 and 20 putative miR-378a-3p targets, respectively. Effective targeting by miR-378a-3p was confirmed by luciferase reporter assays for MAX Network Transcriptional Repressor (MNT), Forkhead Box P1 (FOXP1), Interleukin 1 Receptor Associated Kinase 4 (IRAK4), and lncRNA Just Proximal To XIST (JPX), and by Western blot for IRAK4 and MNT. Overexpression of IRAK4 and MNT phenocopied the effect of miR-378a-3p inhibition. In summary, we identified miR-378a-3p as a miRNA with an oncogenic role in BL and identified IRAK4 and MNT as miR-378a-3p target genes that are involved in its growth regulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fubiao Niu
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
| | | | - Jasper Koerts
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Debora de Jong
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Laura Wijenberg
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Margot Fernandez Hernandez
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
| | | | - Melanie Winkle
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Wierd Kooistra
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Tineke van der Sluis
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Bea Rutgers
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Miente Martijn Terpstra
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Klaas Kok
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.M.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Joost Kluiver
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Anke van den Berg
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.N.); (J.K.); (D.d.J.); (L.W.); (M.F.H.); (M.W.); (W.K.); (T.v.d.S.); (B.R.); (J.K.)
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22
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Zhang R, Zhu H, Yuan Y, Wang Y, Tian Z. SPAG6 promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway in Burkitt lymphoma. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:2021-2030. [PMID: 33000212 PMCID: PMC7551011 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to elucidate the role of sperm‑associated antigen 6 (SPAG6) in the occurrence and development of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. A correlation was observed between the expression of SPAG6 and the prognosis of patients with lymphoma using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database analysis. It was demonstrated that the levels of SPAG6 in BL cells were higher compared with that in IM‑9 cells by reverse transcription‑PCR and western blot assays. Moreover, silencing of SPAG6 significantly decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of Daudi and Raji cells, whereas SPAG6 overexpression exerted the opposite effects on CA46 and NAMALWA cells. When investigating the possible mechanism, it was first observed that the level of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein was significantly increased, while that of phosphorylated (p‑)AKT protein was markedly reduced in the SPAG6‑knockdown group compared with the blank control group in Daudi and Raji cells by western blot analysis. It was further ascertained whether the phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/PTEN/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway mediates the effects of SPAG6 on cell proliferation and apoptosis, and the results demonstrated that silencing of SPAG6 suppressed the viability of Daudi and Raji cells, whereas PTEN knockdown using siRNA or SF1670 (a specific PTEN inhibitor) reversed the inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and the promoting effect on cell apoptosis induced by SPAG6 depletion in vitro as well as in vivo. These data revealed that SPAG6 may promote the proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of BL cells via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. The results of the present study suggest that SPAG6 may play a key role in the progression of BL and may be of value as a predictive prognostic biomarker in patients with BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Yufang Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Zhaofang Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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23
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Mechanisms of B Cell Receptor Activation and Responses to B Cell Receptor Inhibitors in B Cell Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061396. [PMID: 32481736 PMCID: PMC7352865 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The B cell receptor (BCR) pathway has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in a number of common B cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, marginal zone B cell lymphoma, and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. This finding has resulted in the development of numerous drugs that target this pathway, including various inhibitors of the kinases BTK, PI3K, and SYK. Several of these drugs have been approved in recent years for clinical use, resulting in a profound change in the way these diseases are currently being treated. However, the response rates and durability of responses vary largely across the different disease entities, suggesting a different proportion of patients with an activated BCR pathway and different mechanisms of BCR pathway activation. Indeed, several antigen-dependent and antigen-independent mechanisms have recently been described and shown to result in the activation of distinct downstream signaling pathways. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the mechanisms responsible for the activation of the BCR pathway in different B cell malignancies and to correlate these mechanisms with clinical responses to treatment with BCR inhibitors.
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