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Bychkov I, Deneka A, Topchu I, Pangeni R, Ismail A, Lengner C, Karanicolas J, Golemis E, Makhov P, Boumber Y. Musashi-2 (MSI2) regulation of DNA damage response in lung cancer. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-4021568. [PMID: 38659828 PMCID: PMC11042440 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4021568/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), typically caused by KRAS and TP53 driver mutations, represents the majority of all new lung cancer diagnoses. Overexpression of the RNA-binding protein (RBP) Musashi-2 (MSI2) has been associated with NSCLC progression. To investigate the role of MSI2 in NSCLC development, we compared the tumorigenesis in mice with lung-specific Kras-activating mutation and Trp53 deletion, with and without Msi2 deletion (KPM2 versus KP mice). KPM2 mice showed decreased lung tumorigenesis in comparison with KP mice. In addition, KPM2 lung tumors showed evidence of decreased proliferation, but increased DNA damage, marked by increased levels of phH2AX (S139) and phCHK1 (S345), but decreased total and activated ATM. Using cell lines from KP and KPM2 tumors, and human NSCLC cell lines, we found that MSI2 directly binds ATM mRNA and regulates its translation. MSI2 depletion impaired DNA damage response (DDR) signaling and sensitized human and murine NSCLC cells to treatment with PARP inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, we conclude that MSI2 supports NSCLC tumorigenesis, in part, by supporting repair of DNA damage by controlling expression of DDR proteins. These results suggest that targeting MSI2 may be a promising strategy for lung cancers treated with DNA-damaging agents.
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Liu C, Chen H, Cao S, Guo J, Liu Z, Long S. RNA-binding MSI proteins and their related cancers: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107044. [PMID: 38134522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Musashi1 and Musashi2 are RNA-binding proteins originally found in drosophila, in which they play a crucial developmental role. These proteins are pivotal in the maintenance and differentiation of stem cells in other organisms. Research has confirmed that the Musashi proteins are highly involved in cell signal-transduction pathways such as Notch and TGF-β. These signaling pathways are related to the induction and development of cancers, such as breast cancer, leukemia, hepatoma and liver cancer. In this review we focus on how Musashi proteins interact with molecules in different signaling pathways in various cancers and how they affect the physiological functions of these pathways. We further illustrate the status quo of Musashi proteins-targeted therapies and predict the target RNA regions that Musashi proteins interact with, in the hope of exploring the prospect of the design of Musashi protein-targeted medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
| | - Shuang Cao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
| | - Ju Guo
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China.
| | - Sihui Long
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China.
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Zou D, Lv M, Chen Y, Niu T, Ma C, Shi C, Huang Z, Wu Y, Yang S, Wang Y, Wu N, Zhang Y, Ouyang G, Mu Q. Down-regulation of Musashi-2 exerts antileukemic effects on acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells and increases sensitivity to dexamethasone. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:141-151. [PMID: 37749318 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05468-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Musashi-2 (MSI2), implicated in the oncogenesis and propagation of a broad array of malignancies, inclusive of certain leukemia, remains a nascent field of study within the context of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Using lentiviral transfection, ALL cells with stable MSI2 knockdown were engineered. A suite of analytic techniques - a CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and western blotting - were employed to evaluate cellular proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis and to confirm differential gene expression. The suppression of MSI2 expression yielded significant results: inhibition of cell proliferation, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, and induced apoptosis in ALL cell lines. Furthermore, it was noted that MSI2 inhibition heightened the responsiveness of ALL cells to dexamethasone. Significantly, the depletion of MSI2 prompted the translocation of GR from the cytoplasm to the nucleus upon dexamethasone treatment, consequently leading to enhanced sensitivity. Additionally, the FOXO1/4 signaling pathway contributed to the biological effects of ALL cells evoked by MSI2 silencing. Our study offers novel insight into the inhibitory effects of MSI2 suppression on ALL cells, positing MSI2 as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duobing Zou
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Lv
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo Chinese Medical Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Niu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ma
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Shi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenya Huang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Yang
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Wu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guifang Ouyang
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qitian Mu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China.
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Meng X, Peng X, Ouyang W, Li H, Na R, Zhou W, You X, Li Y, Pu X, Zhang K, Xia J, Wang J, Zhuang G, Tang H, Peng Z. Musashi-2 Deficiency Triggers Colorectal Cancer Ferroptosis by Downregulating the MAPK Signaling Cascade to Inhibit HSPB1 Phosphorylation. Biol Proced Online 2023; 25:32. [PMID: 38041016 PMCID: PMC10691036 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-023-00222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musashi-2 (MSI2) is a critical RNA-binding protein (RBP) whose ectopic expression drives the pathogenesis of various cancers. Accumulating evidence suggests that inducing ferroptosis of tumor cells can inhibit their malignant biological behavior as a promising therapeutic approach. However, it is unclear whether MSI2 regulates cell death in colorectal cancer (CRC), especially the underlying mechanisms and biological effects in CRC ferroptosis remain elusive. METHODS Experimental methods including qRT‒PCR, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, CCK-8, colony formation assay, in vitro cell transwell migration and invasion assays, in vivo xenograft tumor experiments, liver and lung CRC metastasis models, CAC mice models, transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, histopathology, 4D label-free proteomics sequencing, bioinformatic and database analysis were used in this study. RESULTS Here, we investigated that MSI2 was upregulated in CRC and positively correlated with ferroptosis inhibitor molecules. MSI2 deficiency suppressed CRC malignancy by inhibiting cell proliferation, viability, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo; and MSI2 deficiency triggered CRC ferroptosis by changing the intracellular redox state (ROS levels and lipid peroxidation), erastin induced cell mortality and viability, iron homeostasis (intracellular total irons and ferrous irons), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and mitochondrial injury. Mechanistically, through 4D-lable free proteomics analysis on SW620 stable cell lines, we demonstrated that MSI2 directly interacted with p-ERK and MSI2 knockdown downregulated the p-ERK/p38/MAPK axis signaling pathway, which further repressed MAPKAPK2 and HPSB1 phosphorylation, leading to decreased expression of PCNA and Ki67 and increased expression of ACSL4 in cancer cells. Furthermore, HSPB1 could rescue the phenotypes of MSI2 deficiency on CRC ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that MSI2 deficiency suppresses the growth and survival of CRC cells and promotes ferroptosis by inactivating the MAPK signaling pathway to inhibit HSPB1 phosphorylation, which leads to downregulation of PCNA and Ki67 and upregulation of ACSL4 in cancer cells and subsequently induces redox imbalance, iron accumulation and mitochondrial shrinkage, ultimately triggering ferroptosis. Therefore, targeted inhibition of MSI2/MAPK/HSPB1 axis to promote ferroptosis might be a potential treatment strategy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Meng
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wanxin Ouyang
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Risi Na
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenting Zhou
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xuting You
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Pu
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Junjie Xia
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guohong Zhuang
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Huamei Tang
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Zhihai Peng
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Samart P, Heenatigala Palliyage G, Issaragrisil S, Luanpitpong S, Rojanasakul Y. Musashi-2 in cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes non-small cell lung cancer metastasis through paracrine IL-6-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:205. [PMID: 37941042 PMCID: PMC10631049 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01158-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer, the most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, is predominantly associated with advanced/metastatic disease. The interaction between tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tumor microenvironment is known to be essential for regulating tumor progression and metastasis, but the underlying mechanisms, particularly the role of RNA-binding protein Musashi-2 (MSI2) in CAFs in promoting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) invasiveness and metastatic spread, remain obscure. METHODS Genomic and proteomic database analyses were performed to evaluate the potential clinical significance of MSI2 in NSCLC tumor and stromal clinical specimens. Molecular approaches were used to modify MSI2 in CAFs and determine its functional role in NSCLC cell motility in vitro using 2D and 3D models, and in metastasis in a xenograft mouse model using live-cell imaging. RESULTS MSI2, both gene and protein, is upregulated in NSCLC tissues and is associated with poor prognosis and high metastatic risk in patients. Interestingly, MSI2 is also upregulated in NSCLC stroma and activated fibroblasts, including CAFs. Depletion of MSI2 in CAFs by CRISPR-Cas9 strongly inhibits NSCLC cell migration and invasion in vitro, and attenuates local and distant metastatic spread of NSCLC cells in vivo. The crosstalk between CAFs and NSCLC cells occurs via paracrine signaling, which is regulated by MSI2 in CAFs via IL-6. The secreted IL-6 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in NSCLC cells, which drives metastasis. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal for the first time that MSI2 in CAFs is important in CAF-mediated NSCLC cell invasiveness and metastasis via IL-6 paracrine signaling. Therefore, targeting the MSI2/IL-6 axis in CAFs could be effective in combating NSCLC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinya Samart
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Siriraj Hospital, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | | | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Siriraj Hospital, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Siriraj Hospital, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
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Schuster SL, Arora S, Wladyka CL, Itagi P, Corey L, Young D, Stackhouse BL, Kollath L, Wu QV, Corey E, True LD, Ha G, Paddison PJ, Hsieh AC. Multi-level functional genomics reveals molecular and cellular oncogenicity of patient-based 3' untranslated region mutations. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112840. [PMID: 37516102 PMCID: PMC10540565 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
3' untranslated region (3' UTR) somatic mutations represent a largely unexplored avenue of alternative oncogenic gene dysregulation. To determine the significance of 3' UTR mutations in disease, we identify 3' UTR somatic variants across 185 advanced prostate tumors, discovering 14,497 single-nucleotide mutations enriched in oncogenic pathways and 3' UTR regulatory elements. By developing two complementary massively parallel reporter assays, we measure how thousands of patient-based mutations affect mRNA translation and stability and identify hundreds of functional variants that allow us to define determinants of mutation significance. We demonstrate the clinical relevance of these mutations, observing that CRISPR-Cas9 endogenous editing of distinct variants increases cellular stress resistance and that patients harboring oncogenic 3' UTR mutations have a particularly poor prognosis. This work represents an expansive view of the extent to which disease-relevant 3' UTR mutations affect mRNA stability, translation, and cancer progression, uncovering principles of regulatory functionality and potential therapeutic targets in previously unexplored regulatory regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Schuster
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Cynthia L Wladyka
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Pushpa Itagi
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Lukas Corey
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Dave Young
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Lori Kollath
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Qian V Wu
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lawrence D True
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Gavin Ha
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Patrick J Paddison
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andrew C Hsieh
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Sicking M, Falke I, Löblein MT, Eich HT, Götte M, Greve B, Troschel FM. The Musashi RNA-binding proteins in female cancers: insights on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic relevance. Biomark Res 2023; 11:76. [PMID: 37620963 PMCID: PMC10463710 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins have increasingly been identified as important regulators of gene expression given their ability to bind distinct RNA sequences and regulate their fate. Mounting evidence suggests that RNA-binding proteins are involved in the onset and progression of multiple malignancies, prompting increasing interest in their potential for therapeutic intervention.The Musashi RNA binding proteins Musashi-1 and Musashi-2 were initially identified as developmental factors of the nervous system but have more recently been found to be ubiquitously expressed in physiological tissues and may be involved in pathological cell behavior. Both proteins are increasingly investigated in cancers given dysregulation in multiple tumor entities, including in female malignancies. Recent data suggest that the Musashi proteins serve as cancer stem cell markers as they contribute to cancer cell proliferation and therapy resistance, prompting efforts to identify mechanisms to target them. However, as the picture remains incomplete, continuous efforts to elucidate their role in different signaling pathways remain ongoing.In this review, we focus on the roles of Musashi proteins in tumors of the female - breast, endometrial, ovarian and cervical cancer - as we aim to summarize current knowledge and discuss future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sicking
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Isabel Falke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Maria T Löblein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans Th Eich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Fabian M Troschel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Albert Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Álvarez-Zúñiga CD, Garza-Veloz I, Martínez-Rendón J, Ureño-Segura M, Delgado-Enciso I, Martinez-Fierro ML. Circulating Biomarkers Associated with the Diagnosis and Prognosis of B-Cell Progenitor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4186. [PMID: 37627214 PMCID: PMC10453581 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological disease characterized by the dysfunction of the hematopoietic system that leads to arrest at a specific stage of stem cells development, suppressing the average production of cellular hematologic components. BCP-ALL is a neoplasm of the B-cell lineage progenitor. BCP-ALL is caused and perpetuated by several mechanisms that provide the disease with its tumor potential and genetic and cytological characteristics. These pathological features are used for diagnosis and the prognostication of BCP-ALL. However, most of these paraclinical tools can only be obtained by bone marrow aspiration, which, as it is an invasive study, can delay the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease, in addition to the anesthetic risk it entails for pediatric patients. For this reason, it is crucial to find noninvasive and accessible ways to supply information concerning diagnosis, prognosis, and the monitoring of the disease, such as circulating biomarkers. In oncology, a biomarker is any measurable indicator that demonstrates the presence of malignancy, tumoral behavior, prognosis, or responses to treatments. This review summarizes circulating molecules associated with BCP-ALL with potential diagnostic value, classificatory capacity during monitoring specific clinic features of the disease, and/or capacity to identify each BCP-ALL stage regarding its evolution and outcome of the patients with BCP-ALL. In the same way, we provide and classify biomarkers that may be used in further studies focused on clinical approaches or therapeutic target identification for BCP-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Daniela Álvarez-Zúñiga
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (C.D.Á.-Z.); (I.G.-V.); (J.M.-R.)
| | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (C.D.Á.-Z.); (I.G.-V.); (J.M.-R.)
| | - Jacqueline Martínez-Rendón
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (C.D.Á.-Z.); (I.G.-V.); (J.M.-R.)
| | - Misael Ureño-Segura
- Hematology Service, Hospital General Zacatecas “Luz González Cosío”, Servicios de Salud de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico;
| | - Iván Delgado-Enciso
- Cancerology State Institute, Colima State Health Services, Colima 28085, Mexico;
- School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | - Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y C.S, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (C.D.Á.-Z.); (I.G.-V.); (J.M.-R.)
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Bychkov I, Deneka A, Topchu I, Pangeni RP, Lengner C, Karanicolas J, Golemis EA, Makhov P, Boumber Y. Musashi-2 (MSI2) regulation of DNA damage response in lung cancer. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.13.544756. [PMID: 37398283 PMCID: PMC10312672 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.13.544756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancers worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), typically caused by KRAS and TP53 driver mutations, represents the majority of all new lung cancer diagnoses. Overexpression of the RNA-binding protein (RBP) Musashi-2 (MSI2) has been associated with NSCLC progression. To investigate the role of MSI2 in NSCLC development, we compared the tumorigenesis in mice with lung-specific Kras -activating mutation and Trp53 deletion, with and without Msi2 deletion (KP versus KPM2 mice). KPM2 mice showed decreased lung tumorigenesis in comparison with KP mice what supports published data. In addition, using cell lines from KP and KPM2 tumors, and human NSCLC cell lines, we found that MSI2 directly binds ATM/Atm mRNA and regulates its translation. MSI2 depletion impaired DNA damage response (DDR) signaling and sensitized human and murine NSCLC cells to treatment with PARP inhibitors in vitro and in vivo . Taken together, we conclude that MSI2 supports lung tumorigenesis, in part, by direct positive regulation of ATM protein expression and DDR. This adds the knowledge of MSI2 function in lung cancer development. Targeting MSI2 may be a promising strategy to treat lung cancer. Significance This study shows the novel role of Musashi-2 as regulator of ATM expression and DDR in lung cancer.
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10
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Bychkov I, Topchu I, Makhov P, Kudinov A, Patel JD, Boumber Y. Regulation of VEGFR2 and AKT Signaling by Musashi-2 in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092529. [PMID: 37173995 PMCID: PMC10177017 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer type and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents most of the diagnoses of lung cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) is a member of the VEGF family of receptor tyrosine kinase proteins, which are expressed on both endothelial and tumor cells, are one of the key proteins contributing to cancer development, and are involved in drug resistance. We previously showed that Musashi-2 (MSI2) RNA-binding protein is associated with NSCLC progression by regulating several signaling pathways relevant to NSCLC. In this study, we performed Reverse Protein Phase Array (RPPA) analysis of murine lung cancer, which suggests that VEGFR2 protein is strongly positively regulated by MSI2. Next, we validated VEGFR2 protein regulation by MSI2 in several human lung adenocarcinoma cell line models. Additionally, we found that MSI2 affected AKT signaling via negative PTEN mRNA translation regulation. In silico prediction analysis suggested that both VEGFR2 and PTEN mRNAs have predicted binding sites for MSI2. We next performed RNA immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative PCR, which confirmed that MSI2 directly binds to VEGFR2 and PTEN mRNAs, suggesting a direct regulation mechanism. Finally, MSI2 expression positively correlated with VEGFR2 and VEGF-A protein levels in human lung adenocarcinoma samples. We conclude that the MSI2/VEGFR2 axis contributes to lung adenocarcinoma progression and is worth further investigations and therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Bychkov
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Iuliia Topchu
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Petr Makhov
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Alexander Kudinov
- Cardiology Department, University of Illinois in Chicago, 840 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jyoti D Patel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Section of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yanis Boumber
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Section of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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11
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Bychkov I, Topchu I, Makhov P, Kudinov A, Patel JD, Boumber Y. Regulation of VEGFR2 and AKT signaling by Musashi-2 in lung cancer. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.29.534783. [PMID: 37034813 PMCID: PMC10081235 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.29.534783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer type and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents most of the lung cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) is a member of the VEGF family of receptor tyrosine kinase proteins, expressed on both endothelial and tumor cells which is one of the key proteins contributing to cancer development and involved in drug resistance. We previously showed that Musashi-2 (MSI2) RNA-binding protein is associated with NSCLC progression by regulating several signaling pathways relevant to NSCLC. In this study, we performed Reverse Protein Phase Array (RPPA) analysis of murine lung cancer which nominated VEGFR2 protein as strongly positively regulated by MSI2. Next, we validated VEGFR2 protein regulation by MSI2 in several human NSCLC cell line models. Additionally, we found that MSI2 affected AKT signaling via negative PTEN mRNA translation regulation. In silico prediction analysis suggested that both VEGFR2 and PTEN mRNAs have predicted binding sites for MSI2. We next performed RNA immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative PCR which confirmed that MSI2 directly binds to VEGFR2 and PTEN mRNAs, suggesting direct regulation mechanism. Finally, MSI2 expression positively correlated with VEGFR2 and VEGF-A protein levels in human NSCLC samples. We conclude that MSI2/VEGFR2 axis contributes to NSCLC progression and is worth further investigations and therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Bychkov
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Iuliia Topchu
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Petr Makhov
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - Alexander Kudinov
- Cardiology Department, University of Illinois in Chicago; address - 840 S. Wood Street Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Jyoti D. Patel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Section of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Yanis Boumber
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Section of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
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12
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Bai N, Adeshina Y, Bychkov I, Xia Y, Gowthaman R, Miller SA, Gupta AK, Johnson DK, Lan L, Golemis EA, Makhov PB, Xu L, Pillai MM, Boumber Y, Karanicolas J. Rationally designed inhibitors of the Musashi protein-RNA interaction by hotspot mimicry. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2395172. [PMID: 36711552 PMCID: PMC9882606 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2395172/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, and thus underlie many important biological processes. Here, we developed a strategy that entails extracting a "hotspot pharmacophore" from the structure of a protein-RNA complex, to create a template for designing small-molecule inhibitors and for exploring the selectivity of the resulting inhibitors. We demonstrate this approach by designing inhibitors of Musashi proteins MSI1 and MSI2, key regulators of mRNA stability and translation that are upregulated in many cancers. We report this novel series of MSI1/MSI2 inhibitors is specific and active in biochemical, biophysical, and cellular assays. This study extends the paradigm of "hotspots" from protein-protein complexes to protein-RNA complexes, supports the "druggability" of RNA-binding protein surfaces, and represents one of the first rationally-designed inhibitors of non-enzymatic RNA-binding proteins. Owing to its simplicity and generality, we anticipate that this approach may also be used to develop inhibitors of many other RNA-binding proteins; we also consider the prospects of identifying potential off-target interactions by searching for other RBPs that recognize their cognate RNAs using similar interaction geometries. Beyond inhibitors, we also expect that compounds designed using this approach can serve as warheads for new PROTACs that selectively degrade RNA-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Bai
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Yusuf Adeshina
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Igor Bychkov
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Ragul Gowthaman
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Sven A. Miller
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
| | - Abhishek K. Gupta
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven CT 06520
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT 06520
| | - David K. Johnson
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Lan Lan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Erica A. Golemis
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Petr B. Makhov
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City KS 66160
| | - Manoj M. Pillai
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven CT 06520
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT 06520
| | - Yanis Boumber
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - John Karanicolas
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140
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13
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Bai N, Adeshina Y, Bychkov I, Xia Y, Gowthaman R, Miller SA, Gupta AK, Johnson DK, Lan L, Golemis EA, Makhov PB, Xu L, Pillai MM, Boumber Y, Karanicolas J. Rationally designed inhibitors of the Musashi protein-RNA interaction by hotspot mimicry. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.09.523326. [PMID: 36711508 PMCID: PMC9882015 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.09.523326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, and thus underlie many important biological processes. Here, we developed a strategy that entails extracting a "hotspot pharmacophore" from the structure of a protein-RNA complex, to create a template for designing small-molecule inhibitors and for exploring the selectivity of the resulting inhibitors. We demonstrate this approach by designing inhibitors of Musashi proteins MSI1 and MSI2, key regulators of mRNA stability and translation that are upregulated in many cancers. We report this novel series of MSI1/MSI2 inhibitors is specific and active in biochemical, biophysical, and cellular assays. This study extends the paradigm of "hotspots" from protein-protein complexes to protein-RNA complexes, supports the "druggability" of RNA-binding protein surfaces, and represents one of the first rationally-designed inhibitors of non-enzymatic RNA-binding proteins. Owing to its simplicity and generality, we anticipate that this approach may also be used to develop inhibitors of many other RNA-binding proteins; we also consider the prospects of identifying potential off-target interactions by searching for other RBPs that recognize their cognate RNAs using similar interaction geometries. Beyond inhibitors, we also expect that compounds designed using this approach can serve as warheads for new PROTACs that selectively degrade RNA-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Bai
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Yusuf Adeshina
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Igor Bychkov
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Ragul Gowthaman
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Sven A. Miller
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
| | | | - David K. Johnson
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Lan Lan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
| | - Erica A. Golemis
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Petr B. Makhov
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66045
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City KS 66160
| | - Manoj M. Pillai
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven CT 06520
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT 06520
| | - Yanis Boumber
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - John Karanicolas
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia PA 19111
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA 19140
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14
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Sureda-Gómez M, Balsas P, Rodríguez ML, Nadeu F, De Bolòs A, Eguileor Á, Kulis M, Castellano G, López C, Giné E, Demajo S, Jares P, Martín-Subero JI, Beà S, Campo E, Amador V. Tumorigenic role of Musashi-2 in aggressive mantle cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2023; 37:408-421. [PMID: 36509891 PMCID: PMC9898029 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SOX11 overexpression has been associated with aggressive behavior of mantle cell lymphomas (MCL). SOX11 is overexpressed in embryonic and cancer stem cells (CSC) of some tumors. Although CSC have been isolated from primary MCL, their relationship to SOX11 expression and contribution to MCL pathogenesis and clinical evolution remain unknown. Here, we observed enrichment in leukemic and hematopoietic stem cells gene signatures in SOX11+ compared to SOX11- MCL primary cases. Musashi-2 (MSI2) emerged as one of the most significant upregulated stem cell-related genes in SOX11+ MCLs. SOX11 is directly bound to the MSI2 promoter upregulating its expression in vitro. MSI2 intronic enhancers were strongly activated in SOX11+ MCL cell lines and primary cases. MSI2 upregulation was significantly associated with poor overall survival independently of other high-risk features of MCL. MSI2 knockdown decreased the expression of genes related to apoptosis and stem cell features and significantly reduced clonogenic growth, tumor cell survival and chemoresistance in MCL cells. MSI2-knockdown cells had reduced tumorigenic engraftment into mice bone marrow and spleen compared to control cells in xenotransplanted mouse models. Our results suggest that MSI2 might play a key role in sustaining stemness and tumor cell survival, representing a possible novel target for therapeutic interventions in MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sureda-Gómez
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Balsas
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta-Leonor Rodríguez
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Nadeu
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna De Bolòs
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Eguileor
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Kulis
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giancarlo Castellano
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina López
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Giné
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Department of Hematology Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Demajo
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Jares
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José I. Martín-Subero
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain ,grid.425902.80000 0000 9601 989XInstitució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Beà
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain ,grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413Hematopathology Section, Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elias Campo
- grid.10403.360000000091771775Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.510933.d0000 0004 8339 0058Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain ,grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413Hematopathology Section, Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Amador
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Jiang L, Xue S, Xu J, Fu X, Wei J, Zhang C. Prognostic value of Musashi 2 (MSI2) in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:969632. [PMID: 36530989 PMCID: PMC9751961 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.969632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Musashi 2 (MSI2) is an RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA translation of numerous intracellular targets and plays an important role in the development of cancer. However, the prognostic value of MSI2 in various cancers remains controversial. Herein, we conducted this meta-analysis including 21 studies with 2640 patients searched from PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, and WanFang databases to accurately assess the prognostic significance of MSI2 in various cancers. Our results indicated that high MSI2 expression was significantly related to poor overall survival (HR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.66-2.05, P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.35-2.22, P < 0.001). In addition, MSI2 positive expression was associated with certain phenotypes of tumor aggressiveness, such as clinical stage, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis and tumor size. In conclusion, elevated MSI2 expression is closely correlated with poor prognosis in various cancers, and may serve as a potential molecular target for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shanshan Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Xu
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyang Fu
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanmeng Zhang
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
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Zhu Y, Gan X, Qin R, Lin Z. Identification of Six Diagnostic Biomarkers for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Based on Machine Learning Algorithms. J Oncol 2022; 2022:3652107. [PMID: 36467501 PMCID: PMC9715328 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3652107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia in adults. Thus, novel reliable biomarkers need to be further explored to increase diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic effectiveness. METHODS Six datasets containing CLL and control samples were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential gene expression analysis, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were applied to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for CLL using R software. The diagnostic performance of the hub genes was then measured by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Functional analysis was implemented to uncover the underlying mechanisms. Additionally, correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the hub genes and immunity characteristics. RESULTS A total number of 47 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 25 candidate hub genes were extracted through differential gene expression analysis and WGCNA, respectively. Based on the 14 overlapped genes between the DEGs and the candidate hub genes, LASSO regression analysis was used, which identified a final number of six hub genes as potential biomarkers for CLL: ABCA6, CCDC88A, PMEPA1, EBF1, FILIP1L, and TEAD2. The ROC curves of the six genes showed reliable predictive ability in the training and validation cohorts, with all area under the curve (AUC) values over 0.80. Functional analysis revealed an abnormal immune status in the CLL patients. A significant correlation was found between the hub genes and the immune-related pathways, indicating a possible tight connection between the hub genes and tumor immunity in CLL. CONCLUSION This study was based on machine learning algorithms, and we identified six genes that could be possible CLL markers, which may be involved in CLL pathogenesis and progression through immune-related signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xinjin Gan
- Department of Hematology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ruoyan Qin
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhikang Lin
- Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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17
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Erazo T, Evans CM, Zakheim D, Chu KL, Refermat AY, Asgari Z, Yang X, Da Silva Ferreira M, Mehta S, Russo MV, Knezevic A, Zhang XP, Chen Z, Fennell M, Garippa R, Seshan V, de Stanchina E, Barbash O, Batlevi CL, Leslie CS, Melnick AM, Younes A, Kharas MG. TP53 mutations and RNA-binding protein MUSASHI-2 drive resistance to PRMT5-targeted therapy in B-cell lymphoma. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5676. [PMID: 36167829 PMCID: PMC9515221 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify drivers of sensitivity and resistance to Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibition, we perform a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen. We identify TP53 and RNA-binding protein MUSASHI2 (MSI2) as the top-ranked sensitizer and driver of resistance to specific PRMT5i, GSK-591, respectively. TP53 deletion and TP53R248W mutation are biomarkers of resistance to GSK-591. PRMT5 expression correlates with MSI2 expression in lymphoma patients. MSI2 depletion and pharmacological inhibition using Ro 08-2750 (Ro) both synergize with GSK-591 to reduce cell growth. Ro reduces MSI2 binding to its global targets and dual treatment of Ro and PRMT5 inhibitors result in synergistic gene expression changes including cell cycle, P53 and MYC signatures. Dual MSI2 and PRMT5 inhibition further blocks c-MYC and BCL-2 translation. BCL-2 depletion or inhibition with venetoclax synergizes with a PRMT5 inhibitor by inducing reduced cell growth and apoptosis. Thus, we propose a therapeutic strategy in lymphoma that combines PRMT5 with MSI2 or BCL-2 inhibition. Inhibition of the protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 has been suggested as a promising therapy for lymphoma. Here, the authors show that TP53 loss of function and MUSASHI-2 (MSI2) expression are biomarkers of resistance to PRMT5-targeted therapy in B-cell lymphoma. Moreover, combining PRMT5 inhibition with MSI2 or BCL-2 inhibitors blocks the translation of key drivers of lymphoma, c-MYC and BCL-2, inhibiting cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Erazo
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Experimental Therapeutics Center and Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chiara M Evans
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Experimental Therapeutics Center and Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Zakheim
- Gene Editing and Screening Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen L Chu
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Experimental Therapeutics Center and Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alice Yunsi Refermat
- Gene Editing and Screening Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zahra Asgari
- Lymphoma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xuejing Yang
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Experimental Therapeutics Center and Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariana Da Silva Ferreira
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Experimental Therapeutics Center and Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sanjoy Mehta
- Gene Editing and Screening Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco Vincenzo Russo
- Gene Editing and Screening Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Knezevic
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Zhang
- Epigenetics Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, 19426, USA
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Myles Fennell
- Gene Editing and Screening Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ralph Garippa
- Gene Editing and Screening Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Venkatraman Seshan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olena Barbash
- Epigenetics Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, 19426, USA
| | - Connie Lee Batlevi
- Lymphoma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christina S Leslie
- Computational Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ari M Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anas Younes
- Lymphoma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Michael G Kharas
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Experimental Therapeutics Center and Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Aguilar-garrido P, Otero-sobrino Á, Navarro-aguadero MÁ, Velasco-estévez M, Gallardo M. The Role of RNA-Binding Proteins in Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9552. [PMID: 36076951 PMCID: PMC9455611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematological malignancies comprise a plethora of different neoplasms, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma, plus a myriad of dysplasia, such as myelodysplastic syndromes or anemias. Despite all the advances in patient care and the development of new therapies, some of these malignancies remain incurable, mainly due to resistance and refractoriness to treatment. Therefore, there is an unmet clinical need to identify new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets that play a role in treatment resistance and contribute to the poor outcomes of these tumors. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are a diverse class of proteins that interact with transcripts and noncoding RNAs and are involved in every step of the post-transcriptional processing of transcripts. Dysregulation of RBPs has been associated with the development of hematological malignancies, making them potential valuable biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Although a number of dysregulated RBPs have been identified in hematological malignancies, there is a critical need to understand the biology underlying their contribution to pathology, such as the spatiotemporal context and molecular mechanisms involved. In this review, we emphasize the importance of deciphering the regulatory mechanisms of RBPs to pinpoint novel therapeutic targets that could drive or contribute to hematological malignancy biology.
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19
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Karmakar S, Ramirez O, Paul KV, Gupta AK, Kumari V, Botti V, de Los Mozos IR, Neuenkirchen N, Ross RJ, Karanicolas J, Neugebauer KM, Pillai MM. Integrative genome-wide analysis reveals EIF3A as a key downstream regulator of translational repressor protein Musashi 2 (MSI2). NAR Cancer 2022; 4:zcac015. [PMID: 35528200 PMCID: PMC9070473 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Musashi 2 (MSI2) is an RNA binding protein (RBP) that regulates asymmetric cell division and cell fate decisions in normal and cancer stem cells. MSI2 appears to repress translation by binding to 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of mRNA, but the identity of functional targets remains unknown. Here, we used individual nucleotide resolution cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (iCLIP) to identify direct RNA binding partners of MSI2 and integrated these data with polysome profiling to obtain insights into MSI2 function. iCLIP revealed specific MSI2 binding to thousands of mRNAs largely in 3′UTRs, but translational differences were restricted to a small fraction of these transcripts, indicating that MSI2 regulation is not triggered by simple binding. Instead, the functional targets identified here were bound at higher density and contain more ‘UAG’ motifs compared to targets bound nonproductively. To further distinguish direct and indirect targets, MSI2 was acutely depleted. Surprisingly, only 50 transcripts were found to undergo translational induction on acute loss. Using complementary approaches, we determined eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3A (EIF3A) to be an immediate, direct target. We propose that MSI2 downregulation of EIF3A amplifies these effects on translation. Our results also underscore the challenges in defining functional targets of RBPs since mere binding does not imply a discernible functional interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar Ramirez
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Kiran V Paul
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Abhishek K Gupta
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Vandana Kumari
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Valentina Botti
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Igor Ruiz de Los Mozos
- Institute of Neurology, University College London and The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Nils Neuenkirchen
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Robert J Ross
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - John Karanicolas
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Karla M Neugebauer
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Manoj M Pillai
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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