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Hammad R, Selim M, Eldosoky MA, Elmadbouly AA, Abd El Hakam FEZ, Elshafei A, Fawzy M, Hammad M. Contribution of plasma MicroRNA-21, MicroRNA-155 and circulating monocytes plasticity to childhood neuroblastoma development and induction treatment outcome. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155060. [PMID: 38194805 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) accounts for 15% of all pediatric cancer fatalities (NB). Biomarkers that facilitate early NB detection are needed because by the time of diagnosis, over half of NBs had spread. MicroRNA-21(miR-21) and miR-155 are involved in cancer biology due to their immune modulation functions. Altered monocyte subset distribution is thought to be involved in a number of solid tumors due to its immunological role. We aimed to investigate the expression levels of miR-21 and miR-155 and their association with circulating monocytes subsets in NB and to evaluate if they correlate to the disease pathogenesis and outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS This case control study involved 79 children classified into 39 newly diagnosed NB children and 40 age and sex matched healthy children. Real-time PCR was used to assess the expression of plasma miR-21 and miR-155. The frequency of circulating monocytes subsets was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS NB group showed significant up-regulation in expression of miR-21(20.9 folds) and miR-155 (1.8 folds) when compared to the control group (p < 0.001) and (p = 0.02) respectively. Also, frequency of circulating intermediate monocytes revealed significant up regulation in children with NB. In NB patients, there was a positive correlation between miR-21 and frequency of total and intermediate monocytes (r = 0.5 p < 0.001 and r = 0.7, p < 0.001, respectively). We found no discernible differences when we compared study markers between the high risk and intermediate risk groups. In addition, no significant difference was seen in study markers when patients were sub-grouped according to their induction treatment response. ROC curve analysis revealed that miR-21 up-regulation distinguished NB in childhood at an AUC of 0.94 (82% sensitivity and 100% specificity) while miR-155 up-regulation had less capacity to distinguish NB in childhood at an AUC of 0.65 (38% sensitivity and 93% specificity). CONCLUSION miR-21 can be utilized as a sensitive biomarker for childhood NB development. In pediatric NB, miR-21 was linked to intermediate monocyte plasticity. Both, miR-21 and miR-155 had no impact on NB outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Hammad
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Selim
- Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mona A Eldosoky
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Elmadbouly
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | - Ahmed Elshafei
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fawzy
- Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hammad
- Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
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Xie C, Wang S, Guo C, Liu Y, Zeng M. Apo10 and TKTL1 in blood macrophages as biomarkers for differentiating lung cancer from benign lung lesions: a comparative study with conventional biomarkers. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:1725-1729. [PMID: 37378867 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00838-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of biomarkers in blood macrophages is a new non-invasive cancer screening method, but its performance in early stage lung cancer screening remains undetermined. We evaluated the Apo10 and TKTL1 levels in blood macrophages of 156 early-stage lung cancer patients and 153 controls. APT (combination of Apo10 and TKTL1) level was significantly higher in the lung cancer group than that in the control group (P < 0.001). AUROC analysis showed that APT has high diagnostic value in differentiating early-stage lung cancer (AUC = 0.9132) and can be considered a biomarker for screening lung cancer patients from individuals with lung nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbo Xie
- Cancer Prevention Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfengdong Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Shuqing Wang
- Cancer Prevention Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfengdong Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chi Guo
- IMB (China) Medical Technologies CO., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- Cancer Prevention Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfengdong Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Musheng Zeng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfengdong Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Machy P, Mortier E, Birklé S. Biology of GD2 ganglioside: implications for cancer immunotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1249929. [PMID: 37670947 PMCID: PMC10475612 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1249929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Part of the broader glycosphingolipid family, gangliosides are composed of a ceramide bound to a sialic acid-containing glycan chain, and locate at the plasma membrane. Gangliosides are produced through sequential steps of glycosylation and sialylation. This diversity of composition is reflected in differences in expression patterns and functions of the various gangliosides. Ganglioside GD2 designates different subspecies following a basic structure containing three carbohydrate residues and two sialic acids. GD2 expression, usually restrained to limited tissues, is frequently altered in various neuroectoderm-derived cancers. While GD2 is of evident interest, its glycolipid nature has rendered research challenging. Physiological GD2 expression has been linked to developmental processes. Passing this stage, varying levels of GD2, physiologically expressed mainly in the central nervous system, affect composition and formation of membrane microdomains involved in surface receptor signaling. Overexpressed in cancer, GD2 has been shown to enhance cell survival and invasion. Furthermore, binding of antibodies leads to immune-independent cell death mechanisms. In addition, GD2 contributes to T-cell dysfunction, and functions as an immune checkpoint. Given the cancer-associated functions, GD2 has been a source of interest for immunotherapy. As a potential biomarker, methods are being developed to quantify GD2 from patients' samples. In addition, various therapeutic strategies are tested. Based on initial success with antibodies, derivates such as bispecific antibodies and immunocytokines have been developed, engaging patient immune system. Cytotoxic effectors or payloads may be redirected based on anti-GD2 antibodies. Finally, vaccines can be used to mount an immune response in patients. We review here the pertinent biological information on GD2 which may be of use for optimizing current immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stéphane Birklé
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
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Burg S, Smeets R, Gosau M, Failing K, Grust ALC. Case Report: Early detection of lung carcinoid in an asymptomatic individual by blood-test initiated PET-CT imaging. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1177237. [PMID: 37346076 PMCID: PMC10280377 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1177237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a 53-year-old woman who was diagnosed with early-stage lung cancer by targeted cancer screening consisting of an immunological biopsy-based blood test followed by radiological imaging. The PanTum Detect blood test detects the biomarkers Apo10/DNaseX and Transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) in circulating macrophage-like cells from peripheral blood samples to identify asymptomatic individuals with a high risk for malignancy. The elevated blood test values initiated an 18F-FDG PET/CT visualization for further clarification. In this case, imaging indicated a lung carcinoma in the right upper lobe. A biopsy confirmed the presence of a lung carcinoma, which was removed surgically. Histologic examination revealed a typical I A2 carcinoid, which was completely removed, making further therapy obsolete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Burg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of “Regenerative Orofacial Medicine”, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Gosau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Audrey Laure Céline Grust
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of “Regenerative Orofacial Medicine”, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
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Hao S, Meng Q, Sun H, Li Y, Li Y, Gu L, Liu B, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Xu Z, Wang Y. The role of transketolase in human cancer progression and therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113607. [PMID: 36030587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Transketolase (TKT) is an enzyme that is ubiquitously expressed in all living organisms and has been identified as an important regulator of cancer. Recent studies have shown that the TKT family includes the TKT gene and two TKT-like (TKTL) genes; TKTL1 and TKTL2. TKT and TKTL1 have been reported to be involved in the regulation of multiple cancer-related events, such as cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and patient survival and prognosis. Therefore, TKT may be an ideal target for cancer treatment. More importantly, the levels of TKTL1 were detected using EDIM technology for the early detection of some malignancies, and TKTL1 was more sensitive and specific than traditional tumor markers. Detecting TKTL1 levels before and after surgery could be used to evaluate the surgery's effect. While targeted TKT suppresses cancer in multiple ways, in some cases, it has detrimental effects on the organism. In this review, we discuss the role of TKT in different tumors and the detailed mechanisms while evaluating its value and limitations in clinical applications. Therefore, this review provides a basis for the clinical application of targeted therapy for TKT in the future, and a strategy for subsequent cancer-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qingfei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Huihui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yunkuo Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yao Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liting Gu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yanghe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Honglan Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yishu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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