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Chasov V, Davletshin D, Gilyazova E, Mirgayazova R, Kudriaeva A, Khadiullina R, Yuan Y, Bulatov E. Anticancer therapeutic strategies for targeting mutant p53-Y220C. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:222-232. [PMID: 38738269 PMCID: PMC11144932 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is a transcription factor with a powerful antitumor activity that is controlled by its negative regulator murine double minute 2 (MDM2, also termed HDM2 in humans) through a feedback mechanism. At the same time, TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. Mutant p53 proteins lose wild-type p53 tumor suppression functions but acquire new oncogenic properties, among which are deregulating cell proliferation, increasing chemoresistance, disrupting tissue architecture, and promoting migration, invasion and metastasis as well as several other pro-oncogenic activities. The oncogenic p53 mutation Y220C creates an extended surface crevice in the DNA-binding domain destabilizing p53 and causing its denaturation and aggregation. This cavity accommodates stabilizing small molecules that have therapeutic values. The development of suitable small-molecule stabilizers is one of the therapeutic strategies for reactivating the Y220C mutant protein. In this review, we summarize approaches that target p53-Y220C, including reactivating this mutation with small molecules that bind Y220C to the hydrophobic pocket and developing immunotherapies as the goal for the near future, which target tumor cells that express the p53-Y220C neoantigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Chasov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Damir Davletshin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Elvina Gilyazova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Regina Mirgayazova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Anna Kudriaeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Raniya Khadiullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Youyong Yuan
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Emil Bulatov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
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2
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Sabile JMG, Swords R, Tyner JW. Evaluating targeted therapies in older patients with TP53-mutated AML. Leuk Lymphoma 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38646877 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2024.2344057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Mutation of thetumor suppressor gene, TP53 (tumor protein 53), occurs in up to 15% of all patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is enriched within specific clinical subsets, most notably in older adults, and including secondary AML cases arising from preceding myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), patients exposed to prior DNA-damaging, cytotoxic therapies. In all cases, these tumors have remained difficult to effectively treat with conventional therapeutic regimens. Newer approaches fortreatmentofTP53-mutated AML have shifted to interventions that maymodulateTP53 function, target downstream molecular vulnerabilities, target non-p53 dependent molecular pathways, and/or elicit immunogenic responses. This review will describe the basic biology of TP53, the clinical and biological patterns of TP53 within myeloid neoplasms with a focus on elderly AML patients and will summarize newer therapeutic strategies and current clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean M G Sabile
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ronan Swords
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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3
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Thirunavukkarasu MK, Ramesh P, Karuppasamy R, Veerappapillai S. Transcriptome profiling and metabolic pathway analysis towards reliable biomarker discovery in early-stage lung cancer. J Appl Genet 2024:10.1007/s13353-024-00847-2. [PMID: 38443694 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-024-00847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Earlier diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial for reducing mortality and morbidity in high-risk patients. Liquid biopsy is a critical technique for detecting the cancer earlier and tracking the treatment outcomes. However, noninvasive biomarkers are desperately needed due to the lack of therapeutic sensitivity and early-stage diagnosis. Therefore, we have utilized transcriptomic profiling of early-stage lung cancer patients to discover promising biomarkers and their associated metabolic functions. Initially, PCA highlights the diversity level of gene expression in three stages of lung cancer samples. We have identified two major clusters consisting of highly variant genes among the three stages. Further, a total of 7742, 6611, and 643 genes were identified as DGE for stages I-III respectively. Topological analysis of the protein-protein interaction network resulted in seven candidate biomarkers such as JUN, LYN, PTK2, UBC, HSP90AA1, TP53, and UBB cumulatively for the three stages of lung cancers. Gene enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses aid in the comprehension of pathway mechanisms and regulation of identified hub genes in lung cancer. Importantly, the medial survival rates up to ~ 70 months were identified for hub genes during the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Moreover, the hub genes displayed the significance of risk factors during gene expression analysis using TIMER2.0 analysis. Therefore, we have reason that these biomarkers may serve as a prospective targeting candidate with higher treatment efficacy in early-stage lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priyanka Ramesh
- Bioinformatics Core, College of Agriculture, Agriculture Research and Graduate Education, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ramanathan Karuppasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanthi Veerappapillai
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Tuval A, Strandgren C, Heldin A, Palomar-Siles M, Wiman KG. Pharmacological reactivation of p53 in the era of precision anticancer medicine. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:106-120. [PMID: 38102383 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
p53, which is encoded by the most frequently mutated gene in cancer, TP53, is an attractive target for novel cancer therapies. Despite major challenges associated with this approach, several compounds that either augment the activity of wild-type p53 or restore all, or some, of the wild-type functions to p53 mutants are currently being explored. In wild-type TP53 cancer cells, p53 function is often abrogated by overexpression of the negative regulator MDM2, and agents that disrupt p53-MDM2 binding can trigger a robust p53 response, albeit potentially with induction of p53 activity in non-malignant cells. In TP53-mutant cancer cells, compounds that promote the refolding of missense mutant p53 or the translational readthrough of nonsense mutant TP53 might elicit potent cell death. Some of these compounds have been, or are being, tested in clinical trials involving patients with various types of cancer. Nonetheless, no p53-targeting drug has so far been approved for clinical use. Advances in our understanding of p53 biology provide some clues as to the underlying reasons for the variable clinical activity of p53-restoring therapies seen thus far. In this Review, we discuss the intricate interactions between p53 and its cellular and microenvironmental contexts and factors that can influence p53's activity. We also propose several strategies for improving the clinical efficacy of these agents through the complex perspective of p53 functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Tuval
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Angelos Heldin
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Klas G Wiman
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Bates M, Mullen D, Lee E, Costigan D, Heron EA, Kernan N, Barry-O'Crowley J, Martin C, Keegan H, Malone V, Brooks RD, Brooks DA, Logan JM, Martini C, Selemidis S, McFadden J, O'Riain C, Spillane CD, Gallagher MF, McCann A, O'Toole S, O'Leary JJ. P53 and TLR4 expression are prognostic markers informing progression free survival of advanced stage high grade serous ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155020. [PMID: 38103365 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE New prognostic biomarkers, and bio-signatures, are urgently needed to facilitate a precision medicine-based approach to more effectively treat patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC). In this study, we analysed the expression patterns of a series of candidate protein biomarkers. METHODS The panel of markers which included MyD88, TLR4, MAD2, PR, OR, WT1, p53, p16, CD10 and Ki67 was assessed using immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray (TMA) cohort of n = 80 patients, composed of stage 3-4 HGSCs. Each marker was analysed for their potential to predict both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS TLR4 and p53 were found to be individually predictive of poorer PFS (Log Rank, p = 0.017, p = 0.030 respectively). Cox regression analysis also identified high p53 and TLR4 expression as prognostic factors for reduced PFS (p53; HR=1.785, CI=1.036-3.074, p = 0.037 and TLR4; HR=2.175, CI=1.112-4.253, p = 0.023). Multivariate forward conditional Cox regression analysis, examining all markers, identified a combined signature composed of p53 and TLR4 as prognostic for reduced PFS (p = 0.023). CONCLUSION Combined p53 and TLR4 marker assessment may help to aid treatment stratification for patients diagnosed with advanced-stage HGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bates
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Dorinda Mullen
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eimear Lee
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Danielle Costigan
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth A Heron
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh Kernan
- Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Cara Martin
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Keegan
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Victoria Malone
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert D Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Doug A Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jessica M Logan
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Carmela Martini
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Julie McFadden
- Department of Histopathology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ciaran O'Riain
- Department of Histopathology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cathy D Spillane
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael F Gallagher
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amanda McCann
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin and UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, UCD, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Sharon O'Toole
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John J O'Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Li J, Jiang C, Xia J. The role of programmed cell death in diabetic foot ulcers. Int Wound J 2023; 21:e14399. [PMID: 37736955 PMCID: PMC10824602 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer, is a chronic complication afflicting individuals with diabetes, continue to increase worldwide, immensely burdening society. Programmed cell death, which includes apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis, has been increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic foot ulcer. This review is based on an exhaustive examination of the literature on 'programmed cell death' and 'diabetic foot ulcers' via PubMed. The findings revealed that natural bioactive compounds, noncoding RNAs and certain proteins play crucial roles in the healing of diabetic foot ulcers through various forms of programmed cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis and pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Li
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- Medical Department of Graduate SchoolNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Chengli Jiang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- Medical Department of Graduate SchoolNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- Medical Department of Graduate SchoolNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
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Kotob S, Kelts JL. PRIMA-1 MET Does Not Restore Vitamin D Sensitivity to MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:30500-30507. [PMID: 37636961 PMCID: PMC10448659 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that causes growth suppression in cultured cells. We had previously discovered that the triple-negative breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 did not have growth suppression with vitamin D, while MCF-7 did. MCF-7 cells are not triple-negative and have wild-type p53. Both MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 have mutations in p53 and these mutations were a possible explanation for the lack of growth suppression with vitamin D. Our hypothesis was that reactivation of p53 in the triple-negative cell lines would cause them to become sensitive to vitamin D. We chose to use the small molecule PRIMA-1MET to reactivate p53 as it has been previously shown to restore function to the p53 mutants present in MB-231 and MB-468. We then measured the ability of vitamin D and its analogues calcipotriol and EB1089 to suppress growth in the presence of PRIMA-1MET. Here, we show that while PRIMA-1MET can kill the breast cancer cells investigated in this study, it does not restore their sensitivity to vitamin D or its analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi
N. Kotob
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, Michigan 48502, United States
| | - Jessica L. Kelts
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, Michigan 48502, United States
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Mohammed I, Alhammer AH, Arif IS. The p53 reactivator PRIMA-1 MET synergises with 5-fluorouracil to induce apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Invest New Drugs 2023; 41:587-595. [PMID: 37402008 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-023-01380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the deadliest malignancies; p53 is mutated in approximately 75% of PC patients. Hence, the protein derived from mutant/wild-type TP53 may represent a therapeutic target. Interestingly, a p53 reactivator (PRIMA-1MET) showed promise in clinical trials of haematological malignancies; therefore, it warrants an in vitro evaluation in PC cell lines. To evaluate the antiproliferative effects of PRIMA-1MET, either alone or combined with the common chemotherapy 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), against mutated and wild-type p53 PC cell lines. This study involved p53-mutant (AsPC-1) and p53-wild type (Capan-2) PC cell lines. The cytotoxicity of PRIMA-1MET alone or in combination with 5-FU was evaluated by MTT assay. Synergism was assessed by calculating the combination index (CI) via CalcuSyn software. Fluorescence microscopy was used to analyse apoptosis following acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. Morphological changes were investigated with an inverted microscope. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT‒qPCR) was used to measure gene expression. Both PC cell lines were sensitive to PRIMA-1MET monotherapy. Furthermore, PRIMA-1MET and 5-FU had a synergistic effect (CI < 1), reflected by significant enhancement of apoptosis and morphological changes in the combination vs. monotherapy treatments. Moreover, the RT‒qPCR results indicated increased expression of the NOXA and TP73 genes in combination-treated cells. Our data suggested that PRIMA-1MET, whether alone or combined with 5-FU, has an antiproliferative effect on PC cell lines regardless of p53 mutational status. The synergism of the combination was associated with significant apoptosis induction through p53-dependent and p53-independent pathways. Preclinical confirmation of these data in in vivo models is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtehal Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali Haider Alhammer
- Medical and Molecular Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Inam Sameh Arif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Mynott RL, Habib A, Best OG, Wallington-Gates CT. Ferroptosis in Haematological Malignancies and Associated Therapeutic Nanotechnologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087661. [PMID: 37108836 PMCID: PMC10146166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematological malignancies are heterogeneous groups of cancers of the bone marrow, blood or lymph nodes, and while therapeutic advances have greatly improved the lifespan and quality of life of those afflicted, many of these cancers remain incurable. The iron-dependent, lipid oxidation-mediated form of cell death, ferroptosis, has emerged as a promising pathway to induce cancer cell death, particularly in those malignancies that are resistant to traditional apoptosis-inducing therapies. Although promising findings have been published in several solid and haematological malignancies, the major drawbacks of ferroptosis-inducing therapies are efficient drug delivery and toxicities to healthy tissue. The development of tumour-targeting and precision medicines, particularly when combined with nanotechnologies, holds potential as a way in which to overcome these obstacles and progress ferroptosis-inducing therapies into the clinic. Here, we review the current state-of-play of ferroptosis in haematological malignancies as well as encouraging discoveries in the field of ferroptosis nanotechnologies. While the research into ferroptosis nanotechnologies in haematological malignancies is limited, its pre-clinical success in solid tumours suggests this is a very feasible therapeutic approach to treat blood cancers such as multiple myeloma, lymphoma and leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Mynott
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Ali Habib
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Oliver G Best
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Craig T Wallington-Gates
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
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