PDS5B inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via upregulation of LATS1 in lung cancer cells

DIA/SWATH-Mass Spectrometry Revealing Melanoma Cell Proteome Transformations with Silver Nanoparticles: An Innovative Comparative Study

Melanoma is an aggressive cancer with rising incidence and high mortality rates, largely due to chemotherapy resistance and molecular dysregulation. Nanotechnology, particularly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), has emerged as a promising therapeutic avenue because of the nanoparticles' ability to induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in cancer cells. However, conventional colloidal AgNPs lack selectivity, often causing significant damage to healthy cells. In this study, we introduce a green synthesis of AgNPs using plant extracts, providing an eco-friendly alternative with improved antitumor selectivity compared to traditional colloidal AgNPs. Leveraging label-free Data-Independent Acquisition/Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Mass Spectrometry (DIA/SWATH MS) quantitative proteomics, we investigated the antitumor effects of green-synthesized versus traditional AgNPs on A375 melanoma cells at 24 and 48 h. Our findings reveal that green AgNPs selectively reduced melanoma cell viability while sparing healthy keratinocytes (HaCaT), a benefit not observed with colloidal AgNPs. Proteomic analysis highlighted that green AgNPs significantly downregulated oncogenes, enhanced carbohydrate metabolism, and disrupted copper homeostasis in melanoma cells. This marks the first study to explore the differential effects of green and traditional AgNPs on melanoma using an integrated proteomic approach, underscoring the molecular potential of green AgNPs as a targeted and sustainable option for cancer therapy.

Loop Extrusion Machinery Impairments in Models and Disease

Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes play a crucial role in organizing the three-dimensional structure of chromatin, facilitating key processes such as gene regulation, DNA repair, and chromosome segregation. This review explores the molecular mechanisms and biological significance of SMC-mediated loop extrusion complexes, including cohesin, condensins, and SMC5/6, focusing on their structure, their dynamic function during the cell cycle, and their impact on chromatin architecture. We discuss the implications of impairments in loop extrusion machinery as observed in experimental models and human diseases. Mutations affecting these complexes are linked to various developmental disorders and cancer, highlighting their importance in genome stability and transcriptional regulation. Advances in model systems and genomic techniques have provided deeper insights into the pathological roles of SMC complex dysfunction, offering potential therapeutic avenues for associated diseases.

Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals the Biomarker Value and Potential Mechanism of miR-675-3p in Gastric Cancer

Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is still the main challenge for the social and clinical system. Increasing studies have proved that microRNA dysfunction is closely associated with the GC progression. miR-675-3p has been confirmed as the tumor support in multiple tumor cells, while its role in GC remains unclear. Methods. The clinical data in the TCGA database were excavated for analyzing the role of miR-675-3p in pan-cancer and GC. qRT-PCR was applied to detect the abundances of the genes. The Starbase 2.0 was executed to target the prediction of miR-675-3p. Moreover, the enrichment analysis was performed with the DAVID database. The PPI-network analysis of the targets was performed with Cytoscape.

Results

miR-675-3p was dramatically upregulated in multiple types of cancer, and elevated miR-675-3p was also found in GC tissues. Moreover, increased miR-675-3p was closely related with the poor survival rates of the patients. The qRT-PCR showed that miR-675-3p was extremely upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines. The enrichment analysis showed that the targets of miR-675-3p were located in the cellular nucleus and associated with the transcriptional misregulation in cancer. The PPI-network showed that three clusters and total of 40 genes were screened as potential hub nodes. Moreover, BRIP1, MYO5B, and PDS5B were related with the prognostic survival of the patients according to the TCGA database and decreased BRIP1, MYO5B, and PDS5B were also found in GC cell lines.

Conclusion

This study identified miR-675-3p as a potential biomarker in GC development and revealed the potential regulation network of miR-675-3p.