1
|
van Zanten GC, Madsen AL, Yde CC, Krych L, Yeung N, Saarinen MT, Kot W, Jensen HM, Rasmussen MA, Ouwehand AC, Nielsen DS. Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Investigation of the Impact of Probiotic Consumption on Gut Microbiota Diversity and the Faecal Metabolome in Seniors. Microorganisms 2024; 12:796. [PMID: 38674741 PMCID: PMC11052279 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging has been associated with a changed composition and function of the gut microbiota (GM). Here, we investigate the effects of the multi-strain probiotic HOWARU® Restore on GM composition and function in seniors. Ninety-eight healthy adult volunteers aged ≥75 years were enrolled in a randomised, double-blinded intervention (NCT02207140), where they received HOWARU Restore (1010 CFU) or the placebo daily for 24 weeks, with 45 volunteers from each group completing the intervention. Questionnaires monitoring the effects on gastro-intestinal discomfort and bowel movements were collected. Faecal samples for GM characterisation (qPCR, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing) and metabolomics (GC-FID, 1H NMR) were collected at the baseline and after 24 weeks. In the probiotic group, self-reported gastro-intestinal discomfort in the form of flatulence was significantly decreased during the intervention. At the baseline, 151 'core species' (present in ≥95% of samples) were identified. Most core species belonged to the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families. Neither alpha diversity nor beta diversity or faecal metabolites was affected by probiotic intake. On the contrary, we observed high intra-individual GM stability, with 'individual' accounting for 72-75% of variation. In conclusion, 24 weeks of HOWARU Restore intake reduced gastro-intestinal discomfort in the form of flatulence in healthy seniors without significantly influencing GM composition or activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella C. van Zanten
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (G.C.v.Z.); (A.L.M.); (L.K.); (M.A.R.); (D.S.N.)
| | - Anne Lundager Madsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (G.C.v.Z.); (A.L.M.); (L.K.); (M.A.R.); (D.S.N.)
| | - Christian C. Yde
- IFF Enabling Technologies, Brabrand, 8220 Aarhus, Denmark; (C.C.Y.); (H.M.J.)
| | - Lukasz Krych
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (G.C.v.Z.); (A.L.M.); (L.K.); (M.A.R.); (D.S.N.)
| | - Nicolas Yeung
- IFF Health, 02460 Kantvik, Finland; (N.Y.); (M.T.S.)
| | | | - Witold Kot
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark;
| | - Henrik Max Jensen
- IFF Enabling Technologies, Brabrand, 8220 Aarhus, Denmark; (C.C.Y.); (H.M.J.)
| | - Morten A. Rasmussen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (G.C.v.Z.); (A.L.M.); (L.K.); (M.A.R.); (D.S.N.)
- Copenhagen Studies on Asthma in Childhood, University of Copenhagen, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark
| | | | - Dennis S. Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (G.C.v.Z.); (A.L.M.); (L.K.); (M.A.R.); (D.S.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mohammed C, Fuego JP, Garcia KV, Jamil H, Rajesh RY, Escobar AS, Hassan MJ, Rai M. A Mini Literature Review of Probiotics: Transforming Gastrointestinal Health Through Evidence-Based Insights. Cureus 2024; 16:e57055. [PMID: 38681263 PMCID: PMC11051678 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
As our understanding of the intricate interaction between gut bacteria and human health continues to expand, so too has interest in the ability of probiotics to manage gut microbiota and confer multiple health benefits to the host. The mini literature review focuses on the expanding potential of the use of probiotics in GI health, with a focus on probiotics' potential therapeutic advantages in a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) illnesses. Probiotics play a significant role in managing diarrhea and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) by modulating gut microbial communities. Specific probiotic strains have been found to reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria, regulate inflammatory markers like interleukin 6, and improve GI symptoms such as abdominal discomfort and stool consistency. Additionally, probiotic blends have shown potential for preventing GI infections and alleviating GI pain in IBS-D patients. Studies have demonstrated that certain multi-strain probiotics, including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species, can significantly increase the frequency of bowel movements and reduce the proportion of individuals experiencing constipation. It has also been found that probiotic supplementation may reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality, particularly in patients undergoing colorectal adenocarcinoma surgery. Additionally, probiotics have been associated with decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improved clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer. Furthermore, probiotics have been associated with enhanced digestive tolerance, reduced GI inflammation, and prolonged clinical remission in certain UC patients. Studies have also shown that probiotics, administered either directly to infants or pregnant women during the perinatal stage, can alleviate symptoms such as inconsolable crying and irritation associated with infant colic, improve bowel movement frequency in cases of functional constipation, and enhance overall conditions in premature infants, including reducing regurgitation and improving feeding tolerance. The review addresses both encouraging results and challenges with probiotic therapy, while also arguing for more studies to elucidate underlying mechanisms and enhance therapeutic techniques. As we traverse the complex field of probiotic therapy in the treatment of GI illnesses, researchers, physicians, and other healthcare professionals can benefit from the informative information provided by this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cara Mohammed
- Orthopedics, East Regional Health Authority, Port of Spain, TTO
| | - Jhon P Fuego
- Internal Medicine, West Visayas State University College of Medicine, Iloilo City, PHL
| | - Karina V Garcia
- Internal Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, MEX
| | - Hira Jamil
- Medicine, University Medical and Dental College Faisalabad, Faisalabad, PAK
| | - Rahul Y Rajesh
- Internal Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, GEO
| | | | | | - Manju Rai
- Immunology, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, IND
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tan X, Cui F, Wang D, Lv X, Li X, Li J. Fermented Vegetables: Health Benefits, Defects, and Current Technological Solutions. Foods 2023; 13:38. [PMID: 38201066 PMCID: PMC10777956 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes current studies on fermented vegetables, analyzing the changes in nutritional components during pickling, the health benefits of fermented vegetables, and their safety concerns. Additionally, the review provides an overview of the applications of emergent non-thermal technologies for addressing these safety concerns during the production and processing of fermented vegetables. It was found that vitamin C would commonly be lost, the soluble protein would degrade into free amino acids, new nutrient compositions would be produced, and the flavor correlated with the chemical changes. These changes would be influenced by the variety/location of raw materials, the original bacterial population, starter cultures, fermentation conditions, seasoning additions, and post-fermentation processing. Consuming fermented vegetables benefits human health, including antibacterial effects, regulating intestinal bacterial populations, and promoting health (anti-cancer effects, anti-diabetes effects, and immune regulation). However, fermented vegetables have chemical and biological safety concerns, such as biogenic amines and the formation of nitrites, as well as the existence of pathogenic microorganisms. To reduce hazardous components and control the quality of fermented vegetables, unique starter cultures, high pressure, ultrasound, cold plasma, photodynamic, and other technologies can be used to solve these problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiqian Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China (X.L.); (J.L.)
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Fangchao Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China (X.L.); (J.L.)
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Dangfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China (X.L.); (J.L.)
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Xinran Lv
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China (X.L.); (J.L.)
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Xuepeng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China (X.L.); (J.L.)
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China (X.L.); (J.L.)
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang T, Liu W, Lu H, Cheng T, Wang L, Wang G, Zhang H, Chen W. Lactic acid bacteria in relieving constipation: mechanism, clinical application, challenge, and opportunity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37971876 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2278155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal symptom that can considerably affect a patients' quality of life. Although several drugs have been used to treat constipation, they are associated with high costs, side effects, and low universality. Therefore, alternative intervention strategies are urgently needed. Traditional lactic acid bacteria (LAB), such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, play a vital role in regulating intestinal microecology and have demonstrated favorable effects in constipation; however, a comprehensive review of their constipation relief mechanisms is limited. This review summarizes the pathogenesis of constipation and the relationship between intestinal motility and gut microbiota, elucidates the possible mechanism by which LAB alleviates of constipation through a systematic summary of animal and clinical research, and highlights the challenges and applications of LAB in the treatment of constipation. Our review can improve our understanding of constipation, and advance targeted microecological therapeutic agents, such as LAB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenxu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Huimin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ting Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Goya-Jorge E, Gonza I, Bondue P, Druart G, Al-Chihab M, Boutaleb S, Douny C, Scippo ML, Thonart P, Delcenserie V. Evaluation of Four Multispecies Probiotic Cocktails in a Human Colonic Fermentation Model. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10162-7. [PMID: 37725305 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriotherapy represents an attractive approach for both prophylaxis and treatment of human diseases. However, combining probiotic bacteria in "cocktails" is underexplored, despite its potential as an alternative multi-target therapy. Herein, three-strain probiotic mixtures containing different combinations of Bacillus (Bc.) coagulans [ATB-BCS-042], Levilactobacillus (Lv.) brevis [THT 0303101], Lacticaseibacillus (Lc.) paracasei [THT 031901], Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto [ATB-BSN-049], Enterococcus faecium [ATB-EFM-030], and Bifidobacterium (Bf.) animalis subsp. lactis [THT 010802] were prepared. Four cocktails (PA: Bc. coagulans + Lv. brevis + Lc. paracasei, PB: Bc. subtilis subsp. natto + Lv. brevis + Lc. paracasei, PC: E. faecium + Lv. brevis + Lc. paracasei, PD: Bc. coagulans + Lv. brevis + Bf. animalis subsp. lactis) were tested using a short-term (72 h) simulation of the human colonic microbiota in a final dose of 6 × 109 CFU. All these probiotic mixtures significantly increased butyrate production compared to the parallel control experiment. PA and PB promoted a bifidogenic effect and facilitated lactobacilli colonization. Furthermore, reporter gene assays using the AhR_HT29-Lucia cell line revealed that fermentation supernatants from PA and PB notably induced AhR transactivity. Subsequent examination of the metabolic outputs of PA and PB in intestinal epithelial models using cell culture inserts suggested no significant impact on the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Assessment of the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as AhR-related target genes in the Caco-2 cell monolayers indicated that PB's metabolic output upregulated most of the measured endpoints. This in vitro investigation evaluated the potential impact of four multispecies probiotic mixtures in the human colonic microbiota and identified a promising formulation comprising a combination of Bc. subtilis subsp. natto, Lv. brevis, and Lc. paracasei as a promising formulation for further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Goya-Jorge
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Irma Gonza
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pauline Bondue
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Germain Druart
- Lacto Research Sprl, Rue Herman Méganck 21, 5032, Isnes-Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Al-Chihab
- Lacto Research Sprl, Rue Herman Méganck 21, 5032, Isnes-Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Samiha Boutaleb
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Caroline Douny
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Thonart
- Lacto Research Sprl, Rue Herman Méganck 21, 5032, Isnes-Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Véronique Delcenserie
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Iancu MA, Profir M, Roşu OA, Ionescu RF, Cretoiu SM, Gaspar BS. Revisiting the Intestinal Microbiome and Its Role in Diarrhea and Constipation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2177. [PMID: 37764021 PMCID: PMC10538221 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota represents a community of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, archaea, viruses, and protozoa) that colonize the gut and are responsible for gut mucosal structural integrity and immune and metabolic homeostasis. The relationship between the gut microbiome and human health has been intensively researched in the past years. It is now widely recognized that gut microbial composition is highly responsible for the general health of the host. Among the diseases that have been linked to an altered gut microbial population are diarrheal illnesses and functional constipation. The capacity of probiotics to modulate the gut microbiome population, strengthen the intestinal barrier, and modulate the immune system together with their antioxidant properties have encouraged the research of probiotic therapy in many gastrointestinal afflictions. Dietary and lifestyle changes and the use of probiotics seem to play an important role in easing constipation and effectively alleviating diarrhea by suppressing the germs involved. This review aims to describe how probiotic bacteria and the use of specific strains could interfere and bring benefits as an associated treatment for diarrhea and constipation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Adela Iancu
- Department of Family Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Monica Profir
- Department of Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Oana Alexandra Roşu
- Department of Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Ruxandra Florentina Ionescu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Cardiology I, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sanda Maria Cretoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Severus Gaspar
- Surgery Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital, 014461 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Recharla N, Choi J, Puligundla P, Park SJ, Lee HJ. Impact of probiotics on cognition and constipation in the elderly: A meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18306. [PMID: 37539311 PMCID: PMC10395539 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline and constipation are common complications in the elderly. Probiotics are potential therapeutic agents to ameliorate cognitive impairment through gut-brain axis. Several clinical studies have investigated the beneficial effects of probiotics on cognitive impairment and constipation in elderly. However, a quantitative meta-analysis is required to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics on cognitive function and constipation. Thirteen clinical studies were included in this meta-analysis. We examined the risk of bias assessment and heterogeneity of eight studies for cognition and five studies for constipation, followed by group and subgroup meta-analyses using a random-effects model to evaluate the potential of probiotic supplements on cognition function and constipation in aged people. The results of the pooled meta-analysis revealed that probiotic supplementation did not improve the cognitive rating scale assessment for all studies (estimate = 0.13; 95%CI [-0.18, 0.43]; p = 0.41; I2 = 83.51%). However, subgroup analysis of single strain supplementation showed improved cognitive function in elderly people (estimate = 0.35; 95%CI [0.02, 0.69]; p = 0.039; I2 = 19.19%) compared to multiple strains. Probiotics also enhanced defecation frequency in constipated patients (estimate = 0.27; 95%CI [0.05, 0.5]; p = 0.019; I2 = 67.37%). Furthermore, probiotic supplementation resulted in higher fecal Lactobacillus counts than placebo (estimate = 0.37; 95%CI [0.05, 0.69]; p = 0.026; I2 = 21.3%). Subgroup analysis indicated that a probiotic intervention period of ≥4 weeks was more effective (estimate = 0.35; 95%CI [0.01, 0.68]; p = 0.044; I2 = 0%) in reducing constipation symptoms than a short intervention duration. Based on these results, probiotic supplementation could be a potential intervention to reduce constipation symptoms in the elderly population. The heterogeneity between studies is high, and limited trials are available to evaluate the cognitive function of aged individuals using probiotics. Therefore, further studies are required to determine the effect of probiotics on cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraja Recharla
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Choi
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Pradeep Puligundla
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Joo Park
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stimulatory Effect of Lactobacillus Metabolites on Colonic Contractions in Newborn Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010662. [PMID: 36614103 PMCID: PMC9820619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiota are known to play an important role in gastrointestinal physiology and pathophysiology. Microbiota and their metabolites can affect gut motility, neural regulation and the enteric endocrine systems and immune systems of the gut. The use of fermented/hydrolyzed products may be a promising new avenue for stimulating gastrointestinal motility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of lactobacillus metabolites (PP), produced using a U.S.-patented fermentation method, on rat colon motility in vitro. The distal colon was incised from newborn male Wistar rats. A sensitive tensometric method for the study of colon contractions was used. The [Ca2+]i in colon tissue was registered using a computerized ratiometric system for an intracellular ion content assay (Intracellular Imaging and Photometry System, Intracellular imaging, Inc. Cincinnati, OH, USA). The cumulative addition of PP induced contraction with sigmoid dose responses with ED50 = 0.13 ± 0.02% (n = 4), where 10% PP was accepted as a maximal dose. This contraction was accompanied by an increase in the concentration of [Ca2+]i. It was shown that introducing Lactobacillus metabolites produced using a U.S.-patented fermentation method quickly stimulates dose-dependent colon contractions and an increase in intracellular calcium. The direct application of PP via enema to the colon could stimulate colon motility and suppress pathogenic microbiota, owing to the antagonistic property of PP on pathogens.
Collapse
|
9
|
Association between Depression, Anxiety Symptoms and Gut Microbiota in Chinese Elderly with Functional Constipation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235013. [PMID: 36501044 PMCID: PMC9740187 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anxiety, depression, and gut microbiota in elderly patients with FC. METHODS in this cross-sectional study, a total of 198 elderly participants (85 male and 113 female) aged over 60 years were recruited. The study was conducted in Changsha city, China. The participants completed an online questionnaire, including The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), The Patient Assessment of Symptoms (PAC-SYM), and The Patient Assessment of Quality of Life (PAC-QoL). We selected the 16S rDNA V3 + V4 region as the amplification region and sequenced the gut microbiota using the Illumina Novaseq PE250 high-throughput sequencing platform. RESULTS in total, 30.3% of patients with constipation had depression, while 21.3% had anxiety. The relative abundance of intestinal microbiota in the normal group was higher than that in the anxiety and depression group. According to LEfSe analysis, the relative abundance of g_Peptoniphilus and g_Geobacter in the people without depression and anxiety was higher. The relative abundance of g_Pseudoramibacter-Eubacterium and g_Candidatus-Solibacter in the depression group was lower, and the relative abundance of g_Bacteroides and g_Paraprevotella, g_Cc_115 in the anxiety group was higher. In addition, according to the correlation analysis, g_Aquicella and g_Limnohabitans were negatively correlated with constipation symptoms, anxiety, and depression. CONCLUSIONS this study found that gut microbiota composition may be associated with a higher incidence of anxiety and depression in patients with FC, thus providing insight into the mechanisms that ameliorate mood disorders in patients with FC.
Collapse
|