1
|
Liu Q, Chen J, Zhou Q, Hou Y, Li Z, Li W, Lv S, Ren N, Wang AJ, Huang C. Multi-omics analysis of nitrifying sludge under carbon disulfide stress: Nitrification performance and molecular mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121780. [PMID: 38761598 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Carbon disulfide (CS2) is a widely used enzyme inhibitor with cytotoxic properties, commonly employed in viscose fibers and cellophane production due to its non-polar characteristics. In industry, CS2 is often removed by aeration, however, residual CS2 may enter the wastewater treatment plants, impacting the performance of nitrifying sludge. Currently, there is a notable dearth of research on the response of nitrifying sludge to CS2-induced stress. This study delves into the alterations in the performance of nitrifying sludge under short-term and long-term CS2 stress, scrutinizes the toxic effects of CS2 on microbial cells, elucidates the succession of microbial community structure, and delineates changes in microbial metabolic products. The findings from short-term CS2 stress revealed that low concentrations of CS2 induced oxidative stress damage, which was subsequently repaired in cells. However, at concentrations of 100-200 mg/L, CS2 inhibited reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, which are associated with metabolic and antioxidant activities. The inhibition of nitrite oxidoreductase activity by high concentrations of CS2 was attributed to its impact on the enzyme's conformation. Prolonged CS2 stress resulted in an increase in the secretion of soluble extracellular polymeric substances in sludge, while CS2 was assimilated into sulfate. The analysis of sludge microbial community structure revealed a decline in the relative abundance of Rhodanobacter, which is associated with nitrification, and an increase in Sinomonas, involved in sulfur oxidation. Metabolite analysis results demonstrated that high concentrations of CS2 affect pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. This study elucidated the microbial response mechanism of nitrifying sludge under short-term and long-term CS2 stress. It also clarified the composition and function of microbial ecosystems, and identified key bacterial species and metabolites. It provides a basis for future research to reduce CS2 inhibition through approaches such as the addition of metal ions, the selection of efficient CS2-degrading strains, and the modification of strain metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Sihao Lv
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China.
| | - Cong Huang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alshammasi MS, Chen P, Escobedo FA. Revealing the Origin of Cooperative Adsorption of Chains on Nanoparticle Surfaces through Coarse-Grained Simulations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:8015-8023. [PMID: 38578076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This work aims to deepen our understanding of the molecular origin of the recently observed phenomenon of polymer cooperative adsorption onto faceted nanoparticle (NP) surfaces. By exploring a large parameter space for polymer/NP interactions through coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, it is found that consistent with experiments the presence or absence of cooperativity is related to solvent quality and relative interaction strengths between the polymer and the adsorbent. Specifically, positive cooperativity is associated with stronger polymer-polymer interaction than polymer-surface interactions and vice versa for negative cooperativity. This contrast in interaction energies manifests in positive cooperativity (i.e., increased affinity) and negative cooperativity (i.e., decreased affinity) as concentration increases. It is also found that increasing chain length strengthens cooperativity effects and that the nanoscale confinement of polymer chains to the adsorbing facet (due to weaker affinity to corners and edges) enhances positive cooperativity but weakens negative cooperativity. Moreover, adsorption onto a spherical NP shows stronger positive cooperativity but weaker negative cooperativity compared with adsorption onto a cubic NP of equal surface area. It was further found that as polymer bulk concentration increases, the free energy of adsorption decreases in positive cooperativity, increases in negative cooperativity, and is independent of concentration in noncooperative systems consistent with the phenomenological explanation of cooperativity. We further found that positive cooperativity is associated with growing fluctuations in the adsorption density at critical bulk polymer concentrations. This behavior can be attributed to the competition between enthalpic gains and entropic losses upon adsorption. Overall, our results shed light on the microscopic origin of cooperative adsorption and the role of solvent quality, which can be leveraged in, for example, controlling NP growth into target shapes and designing NP catalysts with improved performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Suliman Alshammasi
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Fernando A Escobedo
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sakr AAE, Amr N, Bakry M, El-Azab WIM, Ebiad MA. Carbon disulfide removal from gasoline fraction using zinc-carbon composite synthesized using microwave-assisted homogenous precipitation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:82014-82030. [PMID: 37316626 PMCID: PMC10349739 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27905-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbon disulfide (CS2) is one of the sulfur components that are naturally present in petroleum fractions. Its presence causes corrosion issues in the fuel facilities and deactivates the catalysts in the petrochemical processes. It is a hazardous component that negatively impacts the environment and public health due to its toxicity. This study used zinc-carbon (ZC) composite as a CS2 adsorbent from the gasoline fraction model component. The carbon is derived from date stone biomass. The ZC composite was prepared via a homogenous precipitation process by urea hydrolysis. The physicochemical properties of the prepared adsorbent are characterized using different techniques. The results confirm the loading of zinc oxide/hydroxide carbonate and urea-derived species on the carbon surface. The results were compared by the parent samples, raw carbon, and zinc hydroxide prepared by conventional and homogeneous precipitation. The CS2 adsorption process was performed using a batch system at atmospheric pressure. The effects of adsorbent dosage and adsorption temperatures have been examined. The results indicate that ZC has the highest CS2 adsorption capacity (124.3 mg.g-1 at 30 °C) compared to the parent adsorbents and the previously reported data. The kinetics and thermodynamic calculation results indicate the spontaneity and feasibility of the CS2 adsorption process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayat A-E Sakr
- Analysis & Evaluation Division, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt.
| | - Nouran Amr
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakry
- Analysis & Evaluation Division, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt
| | - Waleed I M El-Azab
- Analysis & Evaluation Division, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ebiad
- Analysis & Evaluation Division, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Park KC, Martin CR, Leith GA, Thaggard GC, Wilson GR, Yarbrough BJ, Maldeni Kankanamalage BKP, Kittikhunnatham P, Mathur A, Jatoi I, Manzi MA, Lim J, Lehman-Andino I, Hernandez-Jimenez A, Amoroso JW, DiPrete DP, Liu Y, Schaeperkoetter J, Misture ST, Phillpot SR, Hu S, Li Y, Leydier A, Proust V, Grandjean A, Smith MD, Shustova NB. Capture Instead of Release: Defect-Modulated Radionuclide Leaching Kinetics in Metal-Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16139-16149. [PMID: 36027644 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Comparison of defect-controlled leaching-kinetics modulation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and porous functionalized silica-based materials was performed on the example of a radionuclide and radionuclide surrogate for the first time, revealing an unprecedented readsorption phenomenon. On a series of zirconium-based MOFs as model systems, we demonstrated the ability to capture and retain >99% of the transuranic 241Am radionuclide after 1 week of storage. We report the possibility of tailoring radionuclide release kinetics in MOFs through framework defects as a function of postsynthetically installed organic ligands including cation-chelating crown ether-based linkers. Based on comprehensive analysis using spectroscopy (EXAFS, UV-vis, FTIR, and NMR), X-ray crystallography (single crystal and powder), and theoretical calculations (nine kinetics models and structure simulations), we demonstrated the synergy of radionuclide integration methods, topological restrictions, postsynthetic scaffold modification, and defect engineering. This combination is inaccessible in any other material and highlights the advantages of using well-defined frameworks for gaining fundamental knowledge necessary for the advancement of actinide-based material development, providing a pathway for addressing upcoming challenges in the nuclear waste administration sector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Chul Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Corey R Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Gabrielle A Leith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Grace C Thaggard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Gina R Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Brandon J Yarbrough
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Buddhima K P Maldeni Kankanamalage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Preecha Kittikhunnatham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Abhijai Mathur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Isak Jatoi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Mackenzie A Manzi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Jaewoong Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | | | | | - Jake W Amoroso
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina 29808, United States
| | - David P DiPrete
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina 29808, United States
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Joseph Schaeperkoetter
- Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, New York 14802, United States
| | - Scott T Misture
- Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, New York 14802, United States
| | - Simon R Phillpot
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Shenyang Hu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Yulan Li
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Antoine Leydier
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique (CEA), DES, ISEC, DMRC, University Montpellier, Marcoule, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Vanessa Proust
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique (CEA), DES, ISEC, DMRC, University Montpellier, Marcoule, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Agnès Grandjean
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique (CEA), DES, ISEC, DMRC, University Montpellier, Marcoule, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Mark D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Natalia B Shustova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng X, Guo L, Wang H, Gu J, Yang Y, Kirillova MV, Kirillov AM. Coordination Polymers from Biphenyl-Dicarboxylate Linkers: Synthesis, Structural Diversity, Interpenetration, and Catalytic Properties. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:12577-12590. [PMID: 35920738 PMCID: PMC9775469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The present work explores two biphenyl-dicarboxylate linkers, 3,3'-dihydroxy-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-dicarboxylic (H4L1) and 4,4'-dihydroxy-(1,1'-biphenyl)-3,3'-dicarboxylic (H4L2) acids, in hydrothermal generation of nine new compounds formulated as [Co2(μ2-H2L1)2(phen)2(H2O)4] (1), [Mn2(μ4-H2L1)2(phen)2]n·4nH2O (2), [Zn(μ2-H2L1)(2,2'-bipy)(H2O)]n (3), [Cd(μ2-H2L1) (2,2'-bipy)(H2O)]n (4), [Mn2(μ2-H2L1)(μ4-H2L1)(μ2-4,4'-bipy)2]n·4nH2O (5), [Zn(μ2-H2L1)(μ2-4,4'-bipy)]n (6), [Zn(μ2-H2L2)(phen)]n (7), [Cd(μ3-H2L2)(phen)]n (8), and [Cu(μ2-H2L2) (μ2-4,4'-bipy)(H2O)]n (9). These coordination polymers (CPs) were generated by reacting a metal(II) chloride, a H4L1 or H4L2 linker, and a crystallization mediator such as 2,2'-bipy (2,2'-bipyridine), 4,4'-bipy (4,4'-bipyridine), or phen (1,10-phenanthroline). The structural types of 1-9 range from molecular dimers (1) to one-dimensional (3, 4, 7) and two-dimensional (8, 9) CPs as well as three-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (2, 5, 6). Their structural, topological, and interpenetration features were underlined, including an identification of unique two- and fivefold 3D + 3D interpenetrated nets in 5 and 6. Phase purity, thermal and luminescence behavior, as well as catalytic activity of the synthesized products were investigated. Particularly, a Zn(II)-based CP 3 acts as an effective and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for Henry reaction between a model substrate (4-nitrobenzaldehyde) and nitroethane to give β-nitro alcohol products. For this reaction, various parameters were optimized, followed by the investigation of the substrate scope. By reporting nine new compounds and their structural traits and functional properties, the present work further outspreads a family of CPs constructed from the biphenyl-dicarboxylate H4L1 and H4L2 linkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Cheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou
University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Lirong Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou
University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic
of China,
| | - Hongyu Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou
University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Jinzhong Gu
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou
University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic
of China,. Phone: +86-931-8915196
| | - Ying Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous
Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou
University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Marina V. Kirillova
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento
de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Alexander M. Kirillov
- Centro
de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento
de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisbon 1049-001, Portugal,. Phone: +351-218419396
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Massimi SE, Metzger KE, McGuirk CM, Trewyn BG. Best Practices in the Characterization of MOF@MSN Composites. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:4219-4234. [PMID: 35238205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Research on permanently porous nanomaterials has gripped the attention of materials chemists for decades. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are two of the most studied classes of materials in this field. Recently, explorations into embedding MOFs within the mesopores of MSNs have aimed to create composites that are greater than the sum of their parts. While initial progress has been promising, it has become clear that the characterization of these MOF@MSN composite materials represents a significant challenge that is often overlooked, leading to an unfortunate ambiguity in the field. The greatest difficulty lies in determining whether the product of a synthesis is simply a physical mixture of the two materials or truly the targeted composite, with MOF exclusively crystallized in the pores or on the surfaces of the MSN. This challenge is aggravated by the dramatically different porosity and composition of the components, often resulting in ambiguous information from common characterization techniques. This Viewpoint will address this challenge by calling attention to the mentioned issues and proposing a standardized approach to characterizing these materials. In particular, the use of powder X-ray diffraction, gas physisorption, and electron microscopy with systematic control experiments and data analysis is outlined. This approach can provide the information needed to clearly validate the architecture of an apparent MOF@MSN composite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Edward Massimi
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kara E Metzger
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - C Michael McGuirk
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Brian G Trewyn
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim G, Kim G, Kim D, Jung OS. Subtle metal( ii) effects of 2D coordination networks on SCSC guest exchange. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00837h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The multi-channel crystals consisting of 2-D networks G@[M(NO3)2L] are an unusually efficient, tolerant, and reproducible matrix offering M-dependent adsorption/desorption of various guest molecules in the single-crystal-to-single-crystal mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongwoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongmin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Sang Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Miyasaka H. Charge Manipulation in Metal–Organic Frameworks: Toward Designer Functional Molecular Materials. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Miyasaka
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Oe N, Hosono N, Uemura T. Revisiting molecular adsorption: unconventional uptake of polymer chains from solution into sub-nanoporous media. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12576-12586. [PMID: 34703543 PMCID: PMC8494126 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03770f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adsorption of polymers from the solution phase has been extensively studied to cope with many demands not only for separation technologies, but also for the development of coatings, adhesives, and biocompatible materials. Most studies hitherto focus on adsorption on flat surfaces and mesoporous adsorbents with open frameworks, plausibly because of the preconceived notion that it is unlikely for polymers to enter a pore with a diameter that is smaller than the gyration diameter of the polymer in solution; therefore, sub-nanoporous materials are rarely considered as a polymer adsorption medium. Here we report that polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are adsorbed into sub-nanometer one-dimensional (1D) pores of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) from various solvents. Isothermal adsorption experiments reveal a unique solvent dependence, which is explained by the balance between polymer solvation propensity for each solvent and enthalpic contributions that compensate for potential entropic losses from uncoiling upon pore admission. In addition, adsorption kinetics identify a peculiar molecular weight (MW) dependence. While short PEGs are adsorbed faster than long ones in single-component adsorption experiments, the opposite trend was observed in double-component competitive experiments. A two-step insertion process consisting of (1) an enthalpy-driven recognition step followed by (2) diffusion regulated infiltration in the restricted 1D channels explains the intriguing selectivity of polymer uptake. Furthermore, liquid chromatography using the MOFs as the stationary phase resulted in significant PEG retention that depends on the MW and temperature. This study provides further insights into the mechanism and thermodynamics behind the present polymer adsorption system, rendering it as a promising method for polymer analysis and separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyoshi Oe
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277-8561 Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Hosono
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277-8561 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Takashi Uemura
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277-8561 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
López‐Maya E, Padial NM, Castells‐Gil J, Ganivet CR, Rubio‐Gaspar A, Cirujano FG, Almora‐Barrios N, Tatay S, Navalón S, Martí‐Gastaldo C. Selective Implantation of Diamines for Cooperative Catalysis in Isoreticular Heterometallic Titanium–Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena López‐Maya
- Functional Inorganic Materials team Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Natalia M. Padial
- Functional Inorganic Materials team Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Javier Castells‐Gil
- Functional Inorganic Materials team Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Carolina R. Ganivet
- Functional Inorganic Materials team Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Ana Rubio‐Gaspar
- Functional Inorganic Materials team Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Francisco G. Cirujano
- Functional Inorganic Materials team Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Neyvis Almora‐Barrios
- Functional Inorganic Materials team Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Sergio Tatay
- Functional Inorganic Materials team Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Sergio Navalón
- Departamento de Química Universitat Politècnica de València C/Camino de Vera, s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Carlos Martí‐Gastaldo
- Functional Inorganic Materials team Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2 46980 Paterna Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
López-Maya E, Padial NM, Castells-Gil J, Ganivet CR, Rubio-Gaspar A, Cirujano FG, Almora-Barrios N, Tatay S, Navalón S, Martí-Gastaldo C. Selective Implantation of Diamines for Cooperative Catalysis in Isoreticular Heterometallic Titanium-Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11868-11873. [PMID: 33631030 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We introduce the first example of isoreticular titanium-organic frameworks, MUV-10 and MUV-12, to show how the different affinity of hard Ti(IV) and soft Ca(II) metal sites can be used to direct selective grafting of amines. This enables the combination of Lewis acid titanium centers and available -NH2 sites in two sizeable pores for cooperative cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The selective grafting of molecules to heterometallic clusters adds up to the pool of methodologies available for controlling the positioning and distribution of chemical functions in precise positions of the framework required for definitive control of pore chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena López-Maya
- Functional Inorganic Materials team, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Natalia M Padial
- Functional Inorganic Materials team, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Javier Castells-Gil
- Functional Inorganic Materials team, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Carolina R Ganivet
- Functional Inorganic Materials team, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Ana Rubio-Gaspar
- Functional Inorganic Materials team, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Francisco G Cirujano
- Functional Inorganic Materials team, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Neyvis Almora-Barrios
- Functional Inorganic Materials team, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Sergio Tatay
- Functional Inorganic Materials team, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Sergio Navalón
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Martí-Gastaldo
- Functional Inorganic Materials team, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático Jose Beltrán-2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fluorescent Detection of Carbon Disulfide by a Highly Emissive and Robust Isoreticular Series of Zr-Based Luminescent Metal Organic Frameworks (LMOFs). CHEMISTRY-SWITZERLAND 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry3010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon disulfide (CS2) is a highly volatile neurotoxic species. It is known to cause atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease and contributes significantly to sulfur-based pollutants. Therefore, effective detection and capture of carbon disulfide represents an important aspect of research efforts for the protection of human and environmental health. In this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of two strongly luminescent and robust isoreticular metal organic frameworks (MOFs) Zr6(µ3-O)4(OH)8(tcbpe)2(H2O)4 (here termed 1) and Zr6(µ3-O)4(OH)8(tcbpe-f)2(H2O)4 (here termed 2) and their use as fluorescent sensors for the detection of carbon disulfide. Both MOFs demonstrate a calorimetric bathochromic shift in the optical bandgap and strong luminescence quenching upon exposure to carbon disulfide. The interactions between carbon disulfide and the frameworks are analyzed by in-situ infrared spectroscopy and computational modelling by density functional theory. These results reveal that both the Zr metal node and organic ligand act as the preferential binding sites and interact strongly with carbon disulfide.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou Y, Han L. Recent advances in naphthalenediimide-based metal-organic frameworks: Structures and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
14
|
Hadjiivanov KI, Panayotov DA, Mihaylov MY, Ivanova EZ, Chakarova KK, Andonova SM, Drenchev NL. Power of Infrared and Raman Spectroscopies to Characterize Metal-Organic Frameworks and Investigate Their Interaction with Guest Molecules. Chem Rev 2020; 121:1286-1424. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitar A. Panayotov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Mihail Y. Mihaylov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Elena Z. Ivanova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Kristina K. Chakarova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Stanislava M. Andonova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Nikola L. Drenchev
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mancuso JL, Mroz AM, Le KN, Hendon CH. Electronic Structure Modeling of Metal-Organic Frameworks. Chem Rev 2020; 120:8641-8715. [PMID: 32672939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their molecular building blocks, yet highly crystalline nature, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) sit at the interface between molecule and material. Their diverse structures and compositions enable them to be useful materials as catalysts in heterogeneous reactions, electrical conductors in energy storage and transfer applications, chromophores in photoenabled chemical transformations, and beyond. In all cases, density functional theory (DFT) and higher-level methods for electronic structure determination provide valuable quantitative information about the electronic properties that underpin the functions of these frameworks. However, there are only two general modeling approaches in conventional electronic structure software packages: those that treat materials as extended, periodic solids, and those that treat materials as discrete molecules. Each approach has features and benefits; both have been widely employed to understand the emergent chemistry that arises from the formation of the metal-organic interface. This Review canvases these approaches to date, with emphasis placed on the application of electronic structure theory to explore reactivity and electron transfer using periodic, molecular, and embedded models. This includes (i) computational chemistry considerations such as how functional, k-grid, and other model variables are selected to enable insights into MOF properties, (ii) extended solid models that treat MOFs as materials rather than molecules, (iii) the mechanics of cluster extraction and subsequent chemistry enabled by these molecular models, (iv) catalytic studies using both solids and clusters thereof, and (v) embedded, mixed-method approaches, which simulate a fraction of the material using one level of theory and the remainder of the material using another dissimilar theoretical implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Mancuso
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97405, United States
| | - Austin M Mroz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97405, United States
| | - Khoa N Le
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97405, United States
| | - Christopher H Hendon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97405, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zee DZ, Harris TD. Enhancing catalytic alkane hydroxylation by tuning the outer coordination sphere in a heme-containing metal-organic framework. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5447-5452. [PMID: 32874492 PMCID: PMC7449529 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01796e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic heme active sites of enzymes are sequestered by the protein superstructure and are regulated by precisely defined outer coordination spheres. Here, we emulate these protective functions in the porphyrinic metal-organic framework PCN-224 by post-synthetic acetylation and subsequent hydroxylation of the Zr6 nodes. A suite of physical methods demonstrates that both transformations preserve framework structure, crystallinity, and porosity without modifying the inner coordination spheres of the iron sites. Single-crystal X-ray analyses establish that acetylation replaces the mixture of formate, benzoate, aqua, and terminal hydroxo ligands at the Zr6 nodes with acetate ligands, and hydroxylation affords nodes with seven-coordinate, hydroxo-terminated Zr4+ ions. The chemical influence of these reactions is probed with heme-catalyzed cyclohexane hydroxylation as a model reaction. By virtue of passivated reactive sites at the Zr6 nodes, the acetylated framework oxidizes cyclohexane with a yield of 68(8)%, 2.6-fold higher than in the hydroxylated framework, and an alcohol/ketone ratio of 5.6(3).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Z Zee
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA
| | - T David Harris
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen ML, Feng YY, Wang SY, Cheng YH, Zhou ZH. Metal-Organic Frameworks with Double Channels for Rapid and Reversible Adsorption of 1,2-Ethylenediamine and Gases. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:1412-1418. [PMID: 31841307 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Selective liquid and gas adsorptions are important for environmental control and industrial processes. Here, unique porous lanthanide-organic frameworks of [Ln2(1,3-pdta)2(H2O)2]n2n- {Ln = La (1), Ce (2), Pr (3), and Nd (4), 1,3-pdta = CH2[CH2N(CH2CO2H)2]2} are template-synthesized by 1,2-ethylenediamine and fully characterized, which possess hydrophobic and hydrophilic open channels simultaneously. The skeletons are stable up to 200 °C. Obvious downfield shifts have been observed for 1,2-ethylenediamine in the confined channel with solid-state 13C NMR measurement. The ammonium salt is directly used for the removal of 1,2-ethylenediamine in water. Its saturated adsorption capacity is reached in <1 min and can be regenerated easily with a similar uptake capacity. Moreover, the materials can also selectively adsorb O2, CH4, and CO2, respectively, which is useful for CO2/CH4, CO2/H2, and O2/N2 separation. The combined hydrophobic and hydrophilic open channels of the lanthanides make them promising functional materials for the elimination of 1,2-ethylenediamine and gas separations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
- College of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science & Technology , Changsha 410114 , China
| | - Yan-Ying Feng
- College of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science & Technology , Changsha 410114 , China
| | - Si-Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Yun-Hui Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science & Technology , Changsha 410114 , China
| | - Zhao-Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yazaki K, Takahashi M, Miyajima N, Obata M. Construction of a polyMOF using a polymer ligand bearing the benzenedicarboxylic acid moiety in the side chain. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj06394c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a new synthetic strategy of a polyMOF consisting of a side chain ligand polymer. The polyMOF was consisting of a crystalline MOF-like structure in the polymer despite its film form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yazaki
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Yamanashi
- Kofu
- Japan
| | | | | | - Makoto Obata
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Yamanashi
- Kofu
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu XJ, Xian YM, Wang C, Mao HL, Kind M, Abu-Husein T, Chen Z, Zhu SB, Ren B, Terfort A, Zhuang JL. Liquid-Phase Epitaxial Growth of Highly Oriented and Multivariate Surface-Attached Metal–Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18984-18993. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Jun Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, P. R. China
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Yi-Ming Xian
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Ling Mao
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, P. R. China
| | - Martin Kind
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Tarek Abu-Husein
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Bing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Andreas Terfort
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- School of Cyber Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Liang Zhuang
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wu ZF, Tan B, Lustig WP, Velasco E, Wang H, Huang XY, Li J. Magnesium based coordination polymers: Syntheses, structures, properties and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
21
|
Zhu J, Chen J, Qiu T, Deng M, Zheng Q, Chen Z, Ling Y, Zhou Y. Cobalt substitution in a flexible metal-organic framework: modulating a soft paddle-wheel unit for tunable gate-opening adsorption. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7100-7104. [PMID: 30907401 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00115h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Developing feasible ways to achieve tunable gate-opening pressure (Pgo) while minimizing the side effects on the adsorption capacity and enthalpy is greatly desired for flexible MOFs. In this work, we focused on solving this issue by cobalt substitution. We showed the successful modulation of the energy required for the reversible transformation of a soft paddle-wheel so that the whole framework presented a substitution-dependent Pgo for CO2 adsorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Junye Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Tianze Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Mingli Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Qingshu Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Zhenxia Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Yaming Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|