1
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Sundar S, Craig MT, Payne AE, Brayshaw DJ, Lehner F. Meteorological drivers of resource adequacy failures in current and high renewable Western U.S. power systems. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6379. [PMID: 37821475 PMCID: PMC10567759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41875-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Power system resource adequacy (RA), or its ability to continually balance energy supply and demand, underpins human and economic health. How meteorology affects RA and RA failures, particularly with increasing penetrations of renewables, is poorly understood. We characterize large-scale circulation patterns that drive RA failures in the Western U.S. at increasing wind and solar penetrations by integrating power system and synoptic meteorology methods. At up to 60% renewable penetration and across analyzed weather years, three high pressure patterns drive nearly all RA failures. The highest pressure anomaly is the dominant driver, accounting for 20-100% of risk hours and 43-100% of cumulative risk at 60% renewable penetration. The three high pressure patterns exhibit positive surface temperature anomalies, mixed surface solar radiation anomalies, and negative wind speed anomalies across our region, which collectively increase demand and decrease supply. Our characterized meteorological drivers align with meteorology during the California 2020 rolling blackouts, indicating continued vulnerability of power systems to these impactful weather patterns as renewables grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srihari Sundar
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Michael T Craig
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | | | | | - Flavio Lehner
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
- Polar Bears International, Bozeman, MT, USA
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2
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Yang F, Tarakina N, Antonietti M. A Stunt of Sustainability: Artificial Humic Substances Can Generate and Stabilize Single Fe 0 Species on Mineral Surfaces. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300385. [PMID: 37010131 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Iron species are omnipresent in fertile soils and contribute to biological and geological redox processes. Here, we show by advanced electron microscopy techniques that an important, but previously not considered iron species, single atom Fe0 stabilized on clay mineral surfaces, is contained in soils when humic substances are present. As the concentration of neutral iron atoms is highest under frost logged soil conditions, their formation can be attributed to the action of a then reductive microbiome. The Fe0 /Fe2+ couple is with -0.04 V standard potential highly suited for natural environmental remediation and detoxification, and its occurrence can help to explain the sustained auto-detoxification of black soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Joint laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Nadezda Tarakina
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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3
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Tan T, Wang Z, Huang K, Yang C. High-Performance Co-production of Electricity and Light Olefins Enabled by Exsolved NiFe Alloy Nanoparticles from a Double-Perovskite Oxide Anode in Solid Oxide-Ion-Conducting Fuel Cells. ACS NANO 2023; 17:13985-13996. [PMID: 37399582 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Light olefins (LOs) such as ethylene and propylene are critical feedstocks for many vital chemicals that support our economy and daily life. LOs are currently mass produced via steam cracking of hydrocarbons, which is highly energy intensive and carbon polluting. Efficient, low-emission, and LO-selective conversion technologies are highly desirable. Electrochemical oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes in oxide-ion-conducting solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) reactors has been reported in recent years as a promising approach to produce LOs with high efficiency and yield while generating electricity. We report here an electrocatalyst that excels in the co-production. The efficient catalyst is NiFe alloy nanoparticles (NPs) exsolved from a Pr- and Ni-doped double perovskite Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6 (Pr0.8Sr1.2Ni0.2Fe1.3Mo0.5O6-δ, PSNFM) matrix during SOFC operation. We show evidence that Ni is first exsolved, which triggers the following Fe-exsolution, forming the NiFe NP alloy. At the same time as the NiFe exsolution, abundant oxygen vacancies are created at the NiFe/PSNFM interface, which promotes the oxygen mobility for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODHP), coking resistance, and power generation. At 750 °C, the SOFC reactor with the PSNFM catalyst reaches a propane conversion of 71.40% and LO yield of 70.91% under a current density of 0.3 A cm-2 without coking. This level of performance is unmatchable by the current thermal catalytic reactors, demonstrating the great potential of electrochemical reactors for direct hydrocarbon conversion into value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials, New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials, New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kevin Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29205, United States
| | - Chenghao Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials, New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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4
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Qiu M, Ratledge N, Azevedo IML, Diffenbaugh NS, Burke M. Drought impacts on the electricity system, emissions, and air quality in the western United States. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300395120. [PMID: 37410866 PMCID: PMC10334796 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300395120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The western United States has experienced severe drought in recent decades, and climate models project increased drought risk in the future. This increased drying could have important implications for the region's interconnected, hydropower-dependent electricity systems. Using power-plant level generation and emissions data from 2001 to 2021, we quantify the impacts of drought on the operation of fossil fuel plants and the associated impacts on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, air quality, and human health. We find that under extreme drought, electricity generation from individual fossil fuel plants can increase up to 65% relative to average conditions, mainly due to the need to substitute for reduced hydropower. Over 54% of this drought-induced generation is transboundary, with drought in one electricity region leading to net imports of electricity and thus increased pollutant emissions from power plants in other regions. These drought-induced emission increases have detectable impacts on local air quality, as measured by proximate pollution monitors. We estimate that the monetized costs of excess mortality and GHG emissions from drought-induced fossil generation are 1.2 to 2.5x the reported direct economic costs from lost hydro production and increased demand. Combining climate model estimates of future drying with stylized energy-transition scenarios suggests that these drought-induced impacts are likely to remain large even under aggressive renewables expansion, suggesting that more ambitious and targeted measures are needed to mitigate the emissions and health burden from the electricity sector during drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Qiu
- Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Center for Innovation in Global Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Nathan Ratledge
- Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Inés M. L. Azevedo
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | | | - Marshall Burke
- Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- Center on Food Security and the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
- National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA02138
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5
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Zhao L, Li X, Zhang Z, Yuan M, Sun S, Qu S, Hou M, Lu D, Zhou Y, Lin A. Developing a novel framework to re-examine half a century of compound drought and heatwave events in mainland China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162366. [PMID: 36848990 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Compound drought and heatwave events (CDHEs) are more devastating than single drought or heatwave events and have gained widespread attention. However, previous studies have not investigated the impacts of the precipitation attenuation effect (PAE) (i.e., the effect of previous precipitation on the dryness and wetness of the current system is attenuated) and event merging (EM) (i.e., merging two CDHEs with short intervals into a single event). Moreover, few studies have assessed short-term CDHEs within monthly scales and their variation characteristics under different background temperatures. Here we propose a novel framework for assessing CDHEs on a daily scale and considering the PAE and EM. We applied this framework to mainland China and investigated the spatiotemporal variation of the CDHE indicators (spatial extent (CDHEspa), frequency (CDHEfre), duration (CHHEdur), and severity (CDHEsev)) from 1968 to 2019. The results suggested that ignoring the PAE and EM led to significant changes in the spatial distribution and magnitude of the CDHE indicators. Daily-scale assessments allowed for monitoring the detailed evolution of CDHEs and facilitated the timely development of mitigation measures. Mainland China experienced frequent CDHEs from 1968 to 2019 (except for the southwestern part of Northwest China (NWC) and the western part of Southwest China (SWC)), whereas, hotspot areas of CDHEdur and CDHEsev had a patchy distribution in different geographical subregions. The CDHE indicators were higher in the warmer 1994-2019 period than in the colder 1968-1993 period, but the rate of increase of the indicators was lower or there was a downward trend. Overall, CDHEs in mainland China have been in a state of remarkable continuous strengthening over the past half a century. This study provides a new quantitative analysis approach for CDHEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Zhijiang Zhang
- School of Geography Science and Geomatics Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Moxi Yuan
- School of Public Administration and Human Geography, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Shao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LASW), Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sai Qu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Mengjie Hou
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Dan Lu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yajuan Zhou
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Aiwen Lin
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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6
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Pinotsi D, Tian R, Anand P, Miyanishi K, Boss JM, Chang KK, Welter P, So FTK, Terada D, Igarashi R, Shirakawa M, Degen CL, Segawa TF. Distance measurements between 5 nanometer diamonds - single particle magnetic resonance or optical super-resolution imaging? NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1345-1355. [PMID: 36866257 PMCID: PMC9972529 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00815g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
5 nanometer sized detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) are studied as potential single-particle labels for distance measurements in biomolecules. Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects in the crystal lattice can be addressed through their fluorescence and optically-detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of a single particle can be recorded. To achieve single-particle distance measurements, we propose two complementary approaches based on spin-spin coupling or optical super-resolution imaging. As a first approach, we try to measure the mutual magnetic dipole-dipole coupling between two NV centers in close DNDs using a pulse ODMR sequence (DEER). The electron spin coherence time, a key parameter to reach long distance DEER measurements, was prolonged using dynamical decoupling reaching T 2,DD ≈ 20 μs, extending the Hahn echo decay time T 2 by one order of magnitude. Nevertheless, an inter-particle NV-NV dipole coupling could not be measured. As a second approach, we successfully localize the NV centers in DNDs using STORM super-resolution imaging, achieving a localization precision of down to 15 nm, enabling optical nanometer-scale single-particle distance measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Pinotsi
- Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy (ScopeM) ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Rui Tian
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tübingen Germany
| | - Pratyush Anand
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Koichiro Miyanishi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
- Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Osaka University Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Jens M Boss
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Neurocritical Care Unit, Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich 8091 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Kevin Kai Chang
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Pol Welter
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Frederick T-K So
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-Ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-Ku Chiba 263-8555 Japan
- Institute of Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 610-0011 Japan
| | - Daiki Terada
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-Ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-Ku Chiba 263-8555 Japan
| | - Ryuji Igarashi
- Institute of Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 610-0011 Japan
| | - Masahiro Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Nishikyo-Ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-Ku Chiba 263-8555 Japan
| | - Christian L Degen
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Takuya F Segawa
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry ETH Zurich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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7
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Wu G, Li M, Luo Z, Qi L, Yu L, Zhang S, Liu H. Designed Synthesis of Compartmented Bienzyme Biocatalysts Based on Core-Shell Zeolitic Imidazole Framework Nanostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206606. [PMID: 36461684 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For complex cascade biocatalysis, multienzyme compartmentalization helps to optimize substrate transport channels and promote the orderly and tunable progress of step reactions. Herein, a simple and general synthesis strategy is proposed for the construction of a multienzyme biocatalyst by compartmentalizing glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase (GOx and HRP) within core-shell zeolite imidazole frameworks (ZIF)-8@ZIF-8 nanostructures. Owing to the combined effects of biomimetic mineralization and the fine regulation of the ZIF-8 growth process, the uniform shell encloses the seed (core) surface by epitaxial growth, and the bienzyme system is accurately localized in a controlled manner. The versatility of this strategy is also reflected in ZIF-67. Meanwhile, with the ability to covalently bind divalent metal ions, lithocholic acid (LCA) is used as a competitive ligand to improve the pore structure of the ZIF from a single micropore to a hierarchical micro/mesopore network, which greatly increases mass transfer efficiency. Furthermore, the multienzyme cascade reaction is exemplified by the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD). The findings show that the bienzyme assembly strategy significantly affects the biocatalytic efficiency mainly by influencing the utilization efficiency of the intermediate (Hydrogen peroxide, H2 O2 ) between the step reactions. This study sheds new light on facile synthetic routes to constructing in vitro multienzyme biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaohui Wu
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Meng Li
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Zhigang Luo
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Liang Qi
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Long Yu
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Shaobo Zhang
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
- Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Knowledge City, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510663, China
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8
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van den Hurk BJ, White CJ, Ramos AM, Ward PJ, Martius O, Olbert I, Roscoe K, Goulart HM, Zscheischler J. Consideration of compound drivers and impacts in the disaster risk reduction cycle. iScience 2023; 26:106030. [PMID: 36843856 PMCID: PMC9947303 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Consideration of compound drivers and impacts are often missing from applications within the Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) cycle, leading to poorer understanding of risk and benefits of actions. The need to include compound considerations is known, but lack of guidance is prohibiting practitioners from including these considerations. This article makes a step toward practitioner guidance by providing examples where consideration of compound drivers, hazards, and impacts may affect different application domains within disaster risk management. We discern five DRR categories and provide illustrative examples of studies that highlight the role of "compound thinking" in early warning, emergency response, infrastructure management, long-term planning, and capacity building. We conclude with a number of common elements that may contribute to the development of practical guidelines to develop appropriate applications for risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart J.J.M. van den Hurk
- Deltares, Delft, the Netherlands,Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Corresponding author
| | | | - Alexandre M. Ramos
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany,Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Philip J. Ward
- Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olivia Martius
- Institute of Geography and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern
| | | | | | | | - Jakob Zscheischler
- Department of Computational Hydrosystems, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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9
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Neskorniuk V, Carnio A, Marsella D, Turitsyn SK, Prilepsky JE, Aref V. Memory-aware end-to-end learning of channel distortions in optical coherent communications. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:1-20. [PMID: 36606944 DOI: 10.1364/oe.470154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We implement a new variant of the end-to-end learning approach for the performance improvement of an optical coherent-detection communication system. The proposed solution enables learning the joint probabilistic and geometric shaping of symbol sequences by using auxiliary channel model based on the perturbation theory and the refined symbol probabilities training procedure. Due to its structure, the auxiliary channel model based on the first order perturbation theory expansions allows us performing an efficient parallelizable model application, while, simultaneously, producing a remarkably accurate channel approximation. The learnt multi-symbol joint probabilistic and geometric shaping demonstrates a considerable bit-wise mutual information gain of 0.47 bits/2D-symbol over the conventional Maxwell-Boltzmann shaping for a single-channel 64 GBd transmission through the 170 km single-mode fiber link.
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10
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Lawrance EL, Thompson R, Newberry Le Vay J, Page L, Jennings N. The Impact of Climate Change on Mental Health and Emotional Wellbeing: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence, and its Implications. Int Rev Psychiatry 2022; 34:443-498. [PMID: 36165756 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2022.2128725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Converging global evidence highlights the dire consequences of climate change for human mental health and wellbeing. This paper summarises literature across relevant disciplines to provide a comprehensive narrative review of the multiple pathways through which climate change interacts with mental health and wellbeing. Climate change acts as a risk amplifier by disrupting the conditions known to support good mental health, including socioeconomic, cultural and environmental conditions, and living and working conditions. The disruptive influence of rising global temperatures and extreme weather events, such as experiencing a heatwave or water insecurity, compounds existing stressors experienced by individuals and communities. This has deleterious effects on people's mental health and is particularly acute for those groups already disadvantaged within and across countries. Awareness and experiences of escalating climate threats and climate inaction can generate understandable psychological distress; though strong emotional responses can also motivate climate action. We highlight opportunities to support individuals and communities to cope with and act on climate change. Consideration of the multiple and interconnected pathways of climate impacts and their influence on mental health determinants must inform evidence-based interventions. Appropriate action that centres climate justice can reduce the current and future mental health burden, while simultaneously improving the conditions that nurture wellbeing and equality. The presented evidence adds further weight to the need for decisive climate action by decision makers across all scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Lawrance
- Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, UK.,Mental Health Innovations, UK.,Grantham Institute of Climate and the Environment, Imperial College London, UK
| | | | | | - Lisa Page
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, UK
| | - Neil Jennings
- Grantham Institute of Climate and the Environment, Imperial College London, UK
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11
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Tong J, Yang C, Qi L, Zhang J, Deng H, Du Y, Shi X. Tubular chitosan hydrogels with a tuneable lamellar structure programmed by electrical signals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5781-5784. [PMID: 35451432 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01320g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of facile methods to create complex lamellar structures in hydrogels, which mimic the exquisite structures in nature, remains a great challenge. In this work, an ordered lamellar structured hydrogel from the stimuli-responsive amino-polysaccharide chitosan is fabricated by an electro-assembly process, during which the diffusion of OH- and the electrophoresis of the chitosan chains play important roles. Importantly, a complex ordered/disordered structure of chitosan hydrogel can be regulated with high fidelity by programming the input electrical signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tong
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Luhe Qi
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Jingxian Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Hongbing Deng
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Yumin Du
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Xiaowen Shi
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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12
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Dai Y, Wang L, Luo C, Li W, Huang Q, Li W, Pang L. Featuring few essential Raman spectroscopic signatures between heterogeneous cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100338. [PMID: 34995013 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Here we demonstrate it is instructive to quantify cell Raman spectroscopy by sparse regularization. To be able to extract the specific spectral differences in a heterogeneous cell system with great spectroscopic similarities derived from many common biomolecular components, the maximum information entropy probability was proposed and exemplified by identifying normal lymphocytes from leukemia cells. The essential spectroscopic features were observed to locate at three Raman peaks whose spectral signatures were commensurate. The applicability of the extracted features was acknowledged by that the predicted identification accuracy of up to 93% was still achieved when only two peaks were loaded into decision tree model, which may provide the possibility of a clinically rapid hematological malignancy detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Dai
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Wang
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Luo
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenkang Li
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Deparment of Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University Daping Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenxue Li
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lin Pang
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Tan Z, Liu Y, Huang B. A highly efficient three-solvent methodology for separating colloidal nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:5482-5487. [PMID: 35323835 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00495j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study has established a three-solvent methodology for separating nanomaterials, such as monometallic nanoparticles, miscible and immiscible nanoalloys. After systematically investigating the separation methods in two-solvent and three-solvent systems, a three-solvent theoretical model has been proposed to thoroughly reveal the centrifugation mechanism of colloidal particles. PVP plays an important role in the formation of emulsion droplets as the key factor for separation. Based on the three-solvent model, a novel solvent system has been discovered, with low-toxicity solvents and high separation efficiency. This study can open a new path for the separation of colloidal particles in both research and industrial fields and further promote the development of functional nanomaterials in greener pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Tan
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Innovation Harbour, Xi-xian New District, Xi'an 712000, China.
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Innovation Harbour, Xi-xian New District, Xi'an 712000, China.
| | - Bo Huang
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Innovation Harbour, Xi-xian New District, Xi'an 712000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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14
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Das J, Manikanta V, Umamahesh NV. Population exposure to compound extreme events in India under different emission and population scenarios. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150424. [PMID: 34560459 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is well understood that India is largely exposed to different climate extremes including floods, droughts, heat waves, among others. However, the exposure of co-occurrence of these events is still unknown. The present analysis, first study of its kind, provides the projected changeability of five different compound extremes under three different emission scenarios (SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5). These changes are combined with population projection under SSP2, SSP3, and SSP5 scenarios to examine the total exposure in terms of number of persons exposed during 2021-2060 (T1) and 2061-2100 (T2). Here, the outputs from thirteen GCMs are used under CMIP6 experiment. The findings from the study show that all the compound extremes are expected to increase in future under all the emission scenarios being greater in case of SSP5-8.5. The population exposure is highest (2.51- to 4.96-fold as compared to historical) under SSP3-7.0 scenario (2021-2100 i.e., T1 and T2) in case of coincident heat waves and droughts compound extreme. The total exposure in Central Northeast India is projected to be the highest while Hilly Regions are likely to have the lowest exposure in future. The increase in the exposure is mainly contributed from climate change, population growth and their interaction depending on different kinds of compound extremes. The findings would help in devising sustainable policy strategies to climate mitigation and adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jew Das
- National Institute of Technology Warangal, India.
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15
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Yang K, Jin Z, Zhang Q, Chen Q, Peng W, Li Y, Zhang F, Xia Q, Fan X. Reconstruction of bimetal CoFe 0.13-MOF to enhance the catalytic performance in the oxygen evolution reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1115-1118. [PMID: 34979535 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06314f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a key process in electrochemical energy conversion systems. This paper found that the solvothermal reconstruction could resume the original morphology and generate more oxygen vacancies on the surface of oxyhydroxide. The reconstructed electrocatalyst (re-CoFe0.13OxHy) presents promising long-term stability (>85 h) under 1 M KOH condition without replacing the electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqi Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qicheng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiming Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou, 515031, China.
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou, 515031, China.
| | - Fengbao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou, 515031, China.
| | - Qing Xia
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Fan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou, 515031, China.
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16
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Ai B, Fan Z, Wong ZJ. Plasmonic-perovskite solar cells, light emitters, and sensors. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:5. [PMID: 35070349 PMCID: PMC8752666 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00334-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The field of plasmonics explores the interaction between light and metallic micro/nanostructures and films. The collective oscillation of free electrons on metallic surfaces enables subwavelength optical confinement and enhanced light-matter interactions. In optoelectronics, perovskite materials are particularly attractive due to their excellent absorption, emission, and carrier transport properties, which lead to the improved performance of solar cells, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, photodetectors, and sensors. When perovskite materials are coupled with plasmonic structures, the device performance significantly improves owing to strong near-field and far-field optical enhancements, as well as the plasmoelectric effect. Here, we review recent theoretical and experimental works on plasmonic perovskite solar cells, light emitters, and sensors. The underlying physical mechanisms, design routes, device performances, and optimization strategies are summarized. This review also lays out challenges and future directions for the plasmonic perovskite research field toward next-generation optoelectronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ai
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
- School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, 400044 Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bioperception & Intelligent Information Processing, 400044 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Fan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Zi Jing Wong
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
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17
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Design and selection of pyrazolo[3,4-d][1,2,3]triazole-based high-energy materials. Struct Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-021-01849-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Ralston Fonseca F, Craig M, Jaramillo P, Bergés M, Severnini E, Loew A, Zhai H, Cheng Y, Nijssen B, Voisin N, Yearsley J. Climate-Induced Tradeoffs in Planning and Operating Costs of a Regional Electricity System. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11204-11215. [PMID: 34342972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electricity grid planners design the system to supply electricity to end-users reliably and affordably. Climate change threatens both objectives through potentially compounding supply- and demand-side climate-induced impacts. Uncertainty surrounds each of these future potential impacts. Given long planning horizons, system planners must weigh investment costs against operational costs under this uncertainty. Here, we developed a comprehensive and coherent integrated modeling framework combining physically based models with cost-minimizing optimization models in the power system. We applied this modeling framework to analyze potential tradeoffs in planning and operating costs in the power grid due to climate change in the Southeast U.S. in 2050. We find that planning decisions that do not account for climate-induced impacts would result in a substantial increase in social costs associated with loss of load. These social costs are a result of under-investment in new capacity and capacity deratings of thermal generators when we included climate change impacts in the operation stage. These results highlight the importance of including climate change effects in the planning process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ralston Fonseca
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Michael Craig
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Paulina Jaramillo
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Mario Bergés
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Edson Severnini
- Heinz College, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Aviva Loew
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Haibo Zhai
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wisconsin 82071, United States
| | - Yifan Cheng
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Bart Nijssen
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Nathalie Voisin
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - John Yearsley
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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19
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Abstract
The significant offshore wind energy potential of Oregon faces several challenges, including a power grid which was not developed for the purpose of transmitting energy from the ocean. The grid impacts of the energy resource are considered through the lenses of (i) resource complementarity with Variable Renewable Energy resources; (ii) correlations with load profiles from the four balancing authorities with territory in Oregon; and (iii) spatial value to regional and coastal grids as represented through a production cost model of the Western Interconnection. The capacity implications of the interactions between offshore wind and the historical east-to-west power flows of the region are discussed. The existing system is shown to accommodate more than two gigawatts of offshore wind interconnections with minimal curtailment. Through three gigawatts of interconnection, transmission flows indicate a reduction of coastal and statewide energy imports as well as minimal statewide energy exports.
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20
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Zhang J, Zou Y, Eickelmann S, Njel C, Heil T, Ronneberger S, Strauss V, Seeberger PH, Savateev A, Loeffler FF. Laser-driven growth of structurally defined transition metal oxide nanocrystals on carbon nitride photoelectrodes in milliseconds. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3224. [PMID: 34050154 PMCID: PMC8163840 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23367-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabrication of hybrid photoelectrodes on a subsecond timescale with low energy consumption and possessing high photocurrent densities remains a centerpiece for successful implementation of photoelectrocatalytic synthesis of fuels and value-added chemicals. Here, we introduce a laser-driven technology to print sensitizers with desired morphologies and layer thickness onto different substrates, such as glass, carbon, or carbon nitride (CN). The specially designed process uses a thin polymer reactor impregnated with transition metal salts, confining the growth of transition metal oxide (TMO) nanostructures on the interface in milliseconds, while their morphology can be tuned by the laser. Multiple nano-p-n junctions at the interface increase the electron/hole lifetime by efficient charge trapping. A hybrid copper oxide/CN photoanode with optimal architecture reaches 10 times higher photocurrents than the pristine CN photoanode. This technology provides a modular approach to build a library of TMO-based composite films, enabling the creation of materials for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Zhang
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yajun Zou
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Christian Njel
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Tobias Heil
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Volker Strauss
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Felix F Loeffler
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
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21
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Ralston Fonseca F, Craig M, Jaramillo P, Bergés M, Severnini E, Loew A, Zhai H, Cheng Y, Nijssen B, Voisin N, Yearsley J. Effects of Climate Change on Capacity Expansion Decisions of an Electricity Generation Fleet in the Southeast U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2522-2531. [PMID: 33497216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The electric power sector in the United States faces many challenges related to climate change. On the demand side, climate change could shift demand patterns due to increased air temperatures. On the supply side, climate change could lead to deratings of thermal units due to changes in air temperature, water temperature, and water availability. Past studies have typically analyzed these risks separately. Here, we developed an integrated, multimodel framework to analyze how compounding risks of climate-change impacts on demand and supply affect long-term planning decisions in the power system. In the southeast U.S., we found that compounding climate-change impacts could result in a 35% increase in installed capacity by 2050 relative to the reference case. Participation of renewables, particularly solar, in the fleet increased, driven mostly by the expected increase in summertime peak demand. Such capacity requirements would increase investment costs by approximately 31 billion (USD 2015) over the next 30 years, compared to the reference case. These changes in investment decisions align with carbon emission mitigation strategies, highlighting how adaptation and mitigation strategies can converge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ralston Fonseca
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Michael Craig
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Paulina Jaramillo
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Mario Bergés
- Environmental and Civil Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Edson Severnini
- Heinz College, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Aviva Loew
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Haibo Zhai
- Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
| | - Yifan Cheng
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Bart Nijssen
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Nathalie Voisin
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - John Yearsley
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
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22
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Zhao Y, Tian S, Yu L, Zhang Z, Zhang W. Analysis and Classification of Hepatitis Infections Using Raman Spectroscopy and Multiscale Convolutional Neural Networks. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 88:441-451. [PMID: 33972806 PMCID: PMC8099702 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-021-01192-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis infections represent a major health concern worldwide. Numerous computer-aided approaches have been devised for the early detection of hepatitis. In this study, we propose a method for the analysis and classification of cases of hepatitis-B virus ( HBV), hepatitis-C virus (HCV), and healthy subjects using Raman spectroscopy and a multiscale convolutional neural network (MSCNN). In particular, serum samples of HBV-infected patients (435 cases), HCV-infected patients (374 cases), and healthy persons (499 cases) are analyzed via Raman spectroscopy. The differences between Raman peaks in the measured serum spectra indicate specific biomolecular differences among the three classes. The dimensionality of the spectral data is reduced through principal component analysis. Subsequently, features are extracted, and then feature normalization is applied. Next, the extracted features are used to train different classifiers, namely MSCNN, a single-scale convolutional neural network, and other traditional classifiers. Among these classifiers, the MSCNN model achieved the best outcomes with a precision of 98.89%, sensitivity of 97.44%, specificity of 94.54%, and accuracy of 94.92%. Overall, the results demonstrate that Raman spectral analysis and MSCNN can be effectively utilized for rapid screening of hepatitis B and C cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830000 China
| | - Sh. Tian
- Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830000 China
| | - L. Yu
- College of Software Engineering at Xin Jiang University, Urumqi, 830000 China
| | - Zh. Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 China
| | - W. Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830000 China
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23
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Qi Y, Chen Y, Wang R, Wang L, Zhang F, Shen Q, Qu P, Liu D. Zinc-Deficiency Induced g-C3N4 Nanosheets: Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation Study and Carrier Dynamics. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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24
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The Effect of Oxygen to Salen-Co Complexes for the Copolymerization of PO/CO2. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Drought and climate change impacts on cooling water shortages and electricity prices in Great Britain. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2239. [PMID: 32382016 PMCID: PMC7206141 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The risks of cooling water shortages to thermo-electric power plants are increasingly studied as an important climate risk to the energy sector. Whilst electricity transmission networks reduce the risks during disruptions, more costly plants must provide alternative supplies. Here, we investigate the electricity price impacts of cooling water shortages on Britain’s power supplies using a probabilistic spatial risk model of regional climate, hydrological droughts and cooling water shortages, coupled with an economic model of electricity supply, demand and prices. We find that on extreme days (p99), almost 50% (7GWe) of freshwater thermal capacity is unavailable. Annualized cumulative costs on electricity prices range from £29–66m.yr-1 GBP2018, whilst in 20% of cases from £66-95m.yr-1. With climate change, the median annualized impact exceeds £100m.yr-1. The single year impacts of a 1-in-25 year event exceed >£200m, indicating the additional investments justifiable to mitigate the 1st-order economic risks of cooling water shortage during droughts. The impacts of power plant water shortage during drought on electricity prices are understudied. Here the authors show that on extreme days, almost 50% (7 GWe) of the freshwater thermal capacity is unavailable in the Great Britain and annualized cumulative costs on electricity prices are in the range of £29-95m per year.
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26
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Zheng W, Li Y, Wei H, Gao G, Zhang D, Jiang Z. Rapidly self-healing, magnetically controllable, stretchable, smart, moldable nanoparticle composite gel. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05885k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Attributed to a combination of healing properties, a magnetic gel shows rapid self-healing, magnetically controllable, stretchable, smart and moldable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zheng
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Yangyang Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Huawei Wei
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Guolin Gao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Material Science and Engineering College
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- China
| | - Zaixing Jiang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
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27
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Miara A, Cohen SM, Macknick J, Vörösmarty CJ, Corsi F, Sun Y, Tidwell VC, Newmark R, Fekete BM. Climate-Water Adaptation for Future US Electricity Infrastructure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:14029-14040. [PMID: 31746591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Future climate-water conditions are anticipated to increase electricity demand, reduce transmission capacity, and limit power production. Yet, typical electricity capacity expansion planning does not consider climate-water constraints. We project four alternative U.S. power system configurations using an iterative modeling and data exchange platform that integrates climate-driven hydrological, thermal power plant, and capacity expansion models. Through a comparison with traditional modeling approaches, we show that this novel approach provides greater confidence in electricity capacity projections by incorporating feasibility checks that adjust infrastructure development to reach grid reliability thresholds under climate-water constraints. Initial projections without climate-water impacts on electricity generation show future power systems become less vulnerable, independent of climate-water adaptation, as economic drivers increase renewable and natural gas-based capacity, while water-intensive coal and nuclear plants retire. However, power systems may face reliability challenges without climate-water adaptation, revealing the significance of incorporating climate-water impacts into power system planning. Climate-adjusted (Iterative approach) projections require a 5.3-12.0% increase in national-level capacity, relative to Initial projections, leading to an additional $125-143 billion (5.0-7.0%) in infrastructure costs. Variable renewable and natural gas technologies account for nearly all the additional capacity and, together with regional trade-offs in electricity generation, enhance grid performance to reach reliability thresholds. These adaptation transitions also lower water use and emissions, contributing to climate change mitigation, and highlight the trade-offs and impacts of both near and long-term electricity generation planning decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Miara
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10031 , United States
- Energy Analysis and Decision Support , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, RSF 300 , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Stuart M Cohen
- Energy Analysis and Decision Support , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, RSF 300 , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Jordan Macknick
- Energy Analysis and Decision Support , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, RSF 300 , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Charles J Vörösmarty
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10031 , United States
- Department of Civil Engineering, Grove School of Engineering , The City College of New York , New York , New York 10031 , United States
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10031 , United States
- Department of Civil Engineering, Grove School of Engineering , The City College of New York , New York , New York 10031 , United States
| | - Yinong Sun
- Energy Analysis and Decision Support , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, RSF 300 , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Vincent C Tidwell
- Sandia National Laboratories , Energy-Water Systems Integration Department , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87185-1137 , United States
| | - Robin Newmark
- Energy Analysis and Decision Support , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, RSF 300 , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Balazs M Fekete
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10031 , United States
- Department of Civil Engineering, Grove School of Engineering , The City College of New York , New York , New York 10031 , United States
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28
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Liu D, Liu F, Huang Y, Song Y, Zhu Z, Zhou SF, Yang C. Catalase-linked immunosorbent pressure assay for portable quantitative analysis. Analyst 2019; 144:4188-4193. [PMID: 31184646 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00499h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, catalase-linked immunosorbent pressure assay with a gas-generation reaction was established for quantitative detection of disease biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP) by a portable pressuremeter. The pressure-based detection system recognizes, transduces, and amplifies the target signal to a convenient target-correlated pressure signal reading in a closed chamber. Biotin molecules were modified on the surface of catalase in order to incorporate catalase into the pressure immunoassay by the streptavidin-biotin interaction. To improve the assay performance, the modification ratios of biotin molecules to catalase, and the concentrations of capture and detection antibodies were further optimized. The catalase-linked immunosorbent pressure assay allows portable and quantitation analysis of CRP with a limit of detection of 1.8 nM, which can satisfy the clinical needs for determining the risk of cardiovascular disease. The catalase-linked immunosorbent pressure assay also shows superior specificity and good accuracy. Compared to the previously reported assay catalyzed by PtNP nanozyme, catalase is not easily deactivated during storage and operation. With the merits of enzymatic efficiency, biocompatibility, low non-specific adsorption and facile modification, catalase can be reasonably used for reproducible, stable, simple quantitative detection of disease markers using a portable pressure-based assay in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Yishun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Yanling Song
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Zhi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Chaoyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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