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Ren F, Fei Q, Qiu K, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Sun L. Liquid biopsy techniques and lung cancer: diagnosis, monitoring and evaluation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:96. [PMID: 38561776 PMCID: PMC10985944 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer stands as the most prevalent form of cancer globally, posing a significant threat to human well-being. Due to the lack of effective and accurate early diagnostic methods, many patients are diagnosed with advanced lung cancer. Although surgical resection is still a potential means of eradicating lung cancer, patients with advanced lung cancer usually miss the best chance for surgical treatment, and even after surgical resection patients may still experience tumor recurrence. Additionally, chemotherapy, the mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced lung cancer, has the potential to be chemo-resistant, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. The emergence of liquid biopsies has garnered considerable attention owing to their noninvasive nature and the ability for continuous sampling. Technological advancements have propelled circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), extracellular vesicles (EVs), tumor metabolites, tumor-educated platelets (TEPs), and tumor-associated antigens (TAA) to the forefront as key liquid biopsy biomarkers, demonstrating intriguing and encouraging results for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of lung cancer. This review provides an overview of molecular biomarkers and assays utilized in liquid biopsies for lung cancer, encompassing CTCs, ctDNA, non-coding RNA (ncRNA), EVs, tumor metabolites, TAAs and TEPs. Furthermore, we expound on the practical applications of liquid biopsies, including early diagnosis, treatment response monitoring, prognostic evaluation, and recurrence monitoring in the context of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China
| | - Qian Fei
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China
| | - Kun Qiu
- Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China
| | - Yuanjie Zhang
- Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China
| | - Heyang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China.
| | - Lei Sun
- Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, 110000, China.
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2
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ZOU S, LI N, ZHANG T, GENG Q. [Research Progress on Tumor Metabolic Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsy of Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2024; 27:126-132. [PMID: 38453444 PMCID: PMC10918242 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2023.106.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is gradually being applied in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. At present, with the development of metabolomics, more and more metabolic biomarkers are considered as potential sensitive markers reflecting the occurrence and development of tumors. This article summarizes the changes in the main metabolic pathways of lung cancer, including glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and purine metabolism. Meanwhile, this article reviews the role of metabolic biomarkers in the early diagnosis of lung cancer, predicting disease progression, and evaluating the efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, aiming to provide effective biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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Paas-Oliveros E, Hernández-Lemus E, de Anda-Jáuregui G. Computational single cell oncology: state of the art. Front Genet 2023; 14:1256991. [PMID: 38028624 PMCID: PMC10663273 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1256991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Single cell computational analysis has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of oncology, enabling researchers to decipher the complex cellular heterogeneity that characterizes cancer. By leveraging computational algorithms and bioinformatics approaches, this methodology provides insights into the underlying genetic, epigenetic and transcriptomic variations among individual cancer cells. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of single cell computational analysis in oncology, discussing the key computational techniques employed for data processing, analysis, and interpretation. We explore the challenges associated with single cell data, including data quality control, normalization, dimensionality reduction, clustering, and trajectory inference. Furthermore, we highlight the applications of single cell computational analysis, including the identification of novel cell states, the characterization of tumor subtypes, the discovery of biomarkers, and the prediction of therapy response. Finally, we address the future directions and potential advancements in the field, including the development of machine learning and deep learning approaches for single cell analysis. Overall, this paper aims to provide a roadmap for researchers interested in leveraging computational methods to unlock the full potential of single cell analysis in understanding cancer biology with the goal of advancing precision oncology. For this purpose, we also include a notebook that instructs on how to apply the recommended tools in the Preprocessing and Quality Control section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Paas-Oliveros
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guillermo de Anda-Jáuregui
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Investigadores por Mexico, Conahcyt, Mexico City, Mexico
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4
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Cheng H, Tang Y, Li Z, Guo Z, Heath JR, Xue M, Wei W. Non-Mass Spectrometric Targeted Single-Cell Metabolomics. Trends Analyt Chem 2023; 168:117300. [PMID: 37840599 PMCID: PMC10569257 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic assays serve as pivotal tools in biomedical research, offering keen insights into cellular physiological and pathological states. While mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics remains the gold standard for comprehensive, multiplexed analyses of cellular metabolites, innovative technologies are now emerging for the targeted, quantitative scrutiny of metabolites and metabolic pathways at the single-cell level. In this review, we elucidate an array of these advanced methodologies, spanning synthetic and surface chemistry techniques, imaging-based methods, and electrochemical approaches. We summarize the rationale, design principles, and practical applications for each method, and underscore the synergistic benefits of integrating single-cell metabolomics (scMet) with other single-cell omics technologies. Concluding, we identify prevailing challenges in the targeted scMet arena and offer a forward-looking commentary on future avenues and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjun Cheng
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Yin Tang
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Zhonghan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Zhili Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - James R. Heath
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
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Parlani M, Jorgez C, Friedl P. Plasticity of cancer invasion and energy metabolism. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:388-402. [PMID: 36328835 PMCID: PMC10368441 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Energy deprivation is a frequent adverse event in tumors that is caused by mutations, malperfusion, hypoxia, and nutrition deficit. The resulting bioenergetic stress leads to signaling and metabolic adaptation responses in tumor cells, secures survival, and adjusts migration activity. The kinetic responses of cancer cells to energy deficit were recently identified, including a switch of invasive cancer cells to energy-conservative amoeboid migration and an enhanced capability for distant metastasis. We review the energy programs employed by different cancer invasion modes including collective, mesenchymal, and amoeboid migration, as well as their interconversion in response to energy deprivation, and we discuss the consequences for metastatic escape. Understanding the energy requirements of amoeboid and other dissemination strategies offers rationales for improving therapeutic targeting of metastatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Parlani
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525GA, The Netherlands
| | - Carolina Jorgez
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525GA, The Netherlands; David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cancer Genomics Center, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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6
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Di Sario G, Rossella V, Famulari ES, Maurizio A, Lazarevic D, Giannese F, Felici C. Enhancing clinical potential of liquid biopsy through a multi-omic approach: A systematic review. Front Genet 2023; 14:1152470. [PMID: 37077538 PMCID: PMC10109350 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1152470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last years, liquid biopsy gained increasing clinical relevance for detecting and monitoring several cancer types, being minimally invasive, highly informative and replicable over time. This revolutionary approach can be complementary and may, in the future, replace tissue biopsy, which is still considered the gold standard for cancer diagnosis. “Classical” tissue biopsy is invasive, often cannot provide sufficient bioptic material for advanced screening, and can provide isolated information about disease evolution and heterogeneity. Recent literature highlighted how liquid biopsy is informative of proteomic, genomic, epigenetic, and metabolic alterations. These biomarkers can be detected and investigated using single-omic and, recently, in combination through multi-omic approaches. This review will provide an overview of the most suitable techniques to thoroughly characterize tumor biomarkers and their potential clinical applications, highlighting the importance of an integrated multi-omic, multi-analyte approach. Personalized medical investigations will soon allow patients to receive predictable prognostic evaluations, early disease diagnosis, and subsequent ad hoc treatments.
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Shen H, Li Q, Song W, Jiang X. Microfluidic on-chip valve and pump for applications in immunoassays. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:341-348. [PMID: 36602133 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
On-chip valves can simplify a microfluidic chip and make it easy to operate. However, most on-chip valves already reported still need complicated manufacture and sophisticated supporting devices. In this work, we present a straightforward on-chip valve, which can be serially connected, to form an on-chip pump. The liquid can horizontally flow one way by the regular deformations of flexure strips in the two valves at both sides of the chamber under pressure changes in microchannels generated by repeated vertical movements of linear actuators. The volume of this system including the chip and the supporting device is 0.65 cubic decimeters, which is much smaller than that of reported systems with a volume of at least 12 cubic decimeters, and the weight of this system is only 0.56 kg, making it possible for point-of-care testing. We carry out an immunoassay of folic acid on chip, and the results show satisfactory reproducibility with acceptable coefficients of variation. We determine 163 clinical human serum samples for folic acid. Furthermore, we detect transferrin, cobalamin and folic acid simultaneously on one chip with both sandwich and competitive binding immunoassay methods. We anticipate that this on-chip valve and pump can be applied in immunoassays and other biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Shen
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong 518055, People's Republic of China.
- National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiliang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children Health, Beijing 100045, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenqi Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children Health, Beijing 100045, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong 518055, People's Republic of China.
- National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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8
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Kobayashi H. Recent advances in understanding the metabolic plasticity of ovarian cancer: A systematic review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11487. [PMID: 36406733 PMCID: PMC9668530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a gynecologic malignancy with a poor prognosis due to resistance to first-line chemotherapeutic agents. Some cancer cells are primarily dependent on glycolysis, but others favor mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) over glycolysis. Changes in metabolic reprogramming have been reported to be involved in cancer cell survival. In this review, we summarize the metabolic profiles (e.g., metabolic heterogeneity, plasticity, and reprogramming) and adaptation to the dynamic tumor microenvironment and discuss potential novel therapeutic strategies. A literature search was performed between January 2000 and March 2022 in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using a combination of specific terms. Ovarian cancer cells, including cancer stem cells, depend on glycolysis, OXPHOS, or both for survival. Several environmental stresses, such as nutrient starvation or glucose deprivation, hypoxic stress, acidification, and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, reprogram the metabolic pathways to adapt. The interaction between tumors and adjacent stromal cells allows cancer cells to enhance mitochondrial energy metabolism. The metabolic reprogramming varies depending on genomic and epigenetic alterations of metabolism-related genes and the metabolic environment. Developing accurate and non-invasive methods for early identification of metabolic alterations could facilitate optimal cancer diagnosis and treatment. Cancer metabolism research has entered an exciting era where novel strategies targeting metabolic profiling will become more innovative.
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Lu B, Deng Y, Peng Y, Huang Y, Ma J, Li G. Fabrication of a Polyvalent Aptamer Network on an Electrode Surface for Capture and Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12822-12827. [PMID: 36067364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Capture and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from complex matrixes is pivotal for the prediction of cancer metastasis and personalized treatment of cancer. Herein, we propose a strategy for CTC capture by design and fabrication of a polyvalent aptamer network on an electrode surface, which can be further used for the sensitive analysis of CTCs. In our design, the polyvalent aptamer network, which is constructed via a rolling circle amplification reaction, can significantly enhance the cell-binding abilities. Meanwhile, tetrahedral DNA structures previously assembled on the electrode surface will promote the spatial orientation and reduce the steric hindrance effect of the cell capture, thus improving the cell capture efficiency. Importantly, a detectable electrochemical signal can be obtained without additional signal probes by means of target-induced allostery of the DNA hairpin structures. Further studies reveal that the electrochemical response is proportional to the logarithm of the CTC abundance ranging from 102 to 5 × 104 cell mL-1 with a low limit of detection of 23 cell mL-1. Moreover, the proposed capture strategy exhibits excellent stability and anti-interference in human whole blood, indicating its promising potential in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Jiehua Ma
- The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
| | - Genxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.,Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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10
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Ji F, Chen L, Chen Z, Luo B, Wang Y, Lan X. TCR repertoire and transcriptional signatures of circulating tumour-associated T cells facilitate effective non-invasive cancer detection. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e853. [PMID: 36134717 PMCID: PMC9494610 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fansen Ji
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,General Surgery Department, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhuo Chen
- School of Life Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Luo
- General Surgery Department, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongwang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xun Lan
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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11
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Park J, Park C, Sugitani Y, Fujii T, Kim SH. An electroactive microwell array device to realize simultaneous trapping of single cancer cells and clusters. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:3000-3007. [PMID: 35730687 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00171c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The importance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as biomarkers has been greatly increased for early diagnosis and detection of cancer metastases. Along with a single form of CTCs, CTC clusters have recently attracted much attention due to their characteristics, such as suppression of apoptosis and survival from immune responses with high metastatic potential. Thus, it is highly necessary to investigate not only single cells but clustered cells at the same time to perform precise analysis of the current cancer state and develop suitable treatment. However, no cancer marker-free microfluidic devices have been realized to trap single cells and clusters at the same time in a single device yet. In this paper, we introduced a novel microfluidic device utilizing a microwell-on-electrode (MOE) array to realize simultaneous trapping of a single cell and clustered cells at a single cell/cluster level. Cell-sized microwells fabricated on interdigitated electrodes efficiently arrayed single cells with high trapping efficiency and single-cell occupancy (more than 90%) using dielectrophoresis (DEP). This high single cell trapping performance of MOE allows arraying of single clusters by trapping one of the cells that constitute a cluster. The feasibility of the MOE device for simultaneous arraying of single cancer cells and clusters was demonstrated by trapping a mixture of single cancer cells and clusters and measuring the size distribution of trapped clusters, which was almost identical with that of introduced cell population. Our work demonstrated that the developed MOE device can be one of the promising methods for trapping single cancer cells as well as clusters on a single device for cancer diagnosis and performing further analyses at a single cell/cluster level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Park
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Chije Park
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Sugitani
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Teruo Fujii
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
- Japan Science and Technology Agency PRESTO, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
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12
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Metabolic targeting of malignant tumors: a need for systemic approach. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 149:2115-2138. [PMID: 35925428 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04212-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dysregulated metabolism is now recognized as a fundamental hallmark of carcinogenesis inducing aggressive features and additional hallmarks. In this review, well-established metabolic changes displayed by tumors are highlighted in a comprehensive manner and corresponding therapeutical targets are discussed to set up a framework for integrating basic research findings with clinical translation in oncology setting. METHODS Recent manuscripts of high research impact and relevant to the field from PubMed (2000-2021) have been reviewed for this article. RESULTS Metabolic pathway disruption during tumor evolution is a dynamic process potentiating cell survival, dormancy, proliferation and invasion even under dismal conditions. Apart from cancer cells, though, tumor microenvironment has an acting role as extracellular metabolites, pH alterations and stromal cells reciprocally interact with malignant cells, ultimately dictating tumor-promoting responses, disabling anti-tumor immunity and promoting resistance to treatments. CONCLUSION In the field of cancer metabolism, there are several emerging prognostic and therapeutic targets either in the form of gene expression, enzyme activity or metabolites which could be exploited for clinical purposes; both standard-of-care and novel treatments may be evaluated in the context of metabolism rewiring and indeed, synergistic effects between metabolism-targeting and other therapies would be an attractive perspective for further research.
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13
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Bruce SF, Cho K, Noia H, Lomonosova E, Stock EC, Oplt A, Blachut B, Mullen MM, Kuroki LM, Hagemann AR, McCourt CK, Thaker PH, Khabele D, Powell MA, Mutch DG, Shriver LP, Patti GJ, Fuh KC. GAS6-AXL Inhibition by AVB-500 Overcomes Resistance to Paclitaxel in Endometrial Cancer by Decreasing Tumor Cell Glycolysis. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1348-1359. [PMID: 35588308 PMCID: PMC9370070 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is often ineffective in advanced-stage and aggressive histologic subtypes of endometrial cancer. Overexpression of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL has been found to be associated with therapeutic resistance, metastasis, and poor prognosis. However, the mechanism of how inhibition of AXL improves response to chemotherapy is still largely unknown. Thus, we aimed to determine whether treatment with AVB-500, a selective inhibitor of GAS6-AXL, improves endometrial cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapy particularly through metabolic changes. We found that both GAS6 and AXL expression were higher by immunohistochemistry in patient tumors with a poor response to chemotherapy compared with tumors with a good response to chemotherapy. We showed that chemotherapy-resistant endometrial cancer cells (ARK1, uterine serous carcinoma and PUC198, grade 3 endometrioid adenocarcinoma) had improved sensitivity and synergy with paclitaxel and carboplatin when treated in combination with AVB-500. We also found that in vivo intraperitoneal models with ARK1 and PUC198 cells had decreased tumor burden when treated with AVB-500 + paclitaxel compared with paclitaxel alone. Treatment with AVB-500 + paclitaxel decreased AKT signaling, which resulted in a decrease in basal glycolysis. Finally, multiple glycolytic metabolites were lower in the tumors treated with AVB-500 + paclitaxel than in tumors treated with paclitaxel alone. Our study provides strong preclinical rationale for combining AVB-500 with paclitaxel in aggressive endometrial cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaina F. Bruce
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kevin Cho
- Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hollie Noia
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Elena Lomonosova
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth C. Stock
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Alyssa Oplt
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Barbara Blachut
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mary M. Mullen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lindsay M. Kuroki
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Andrea R. Hagemann
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Carolyn K. McCourt
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Premal H. Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dineo Khabele
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew A. Powell
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - David G. Mutch
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Leah P. Shriver
- Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gary J. Patti
- Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Katherine C. Fuh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
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14
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Yu T, Liu Y, Xue J, Sun X, Zhu D, Ma L, Guo Y, Jin T, Cao H, Chen Y, Zhu T, Li X, Liang H, Du Z, Shan H. Gankyrin modulated non-small cell lung cancer progression via glycolysis metabolism in a YAP1-dependent manner. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:312. [PMID: 35810157 PMCID: PMC9271063 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01104-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is highly malignant and heterogeneous form of lung cancer and involves various oncogene alterations. Glycolysis, an important step in tumor metabolism, is closely related to cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the biological function and mechanism of action of Gankyrin in glycolysis and its association with NSCLC. Analyzed of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas as well as NSCLC specimens and adjacent tissues demonstrated that Gankyrin expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Gankyrin was found to significantly aggravate cancer-related phenotypes, including cell viability, migration, invasion, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas Gankyrin silencing alleviated the malignant phenotype of NSCLC cells. Our results reveal that Gankyrin exerted its function by regulating YAP1 expression and increasing its nuclear translocation. Importantly, YAP1 actuates glycolysis, which involves glucose uptake, lactic acid production, and ATP generation and thus might contribute to the tumorigenic effect of Gankyrin. Furthermore, the Gankyrin-accelerated glycolysis in NSCLC cells was reversed by YAP1 deficiency. Gankyrin knockdown reduced A549 cell tumorigenesis and EMT and decreased YAP1 expression in a subcutaneous xenograft nude mouse model. In conclusion, both Gankyrin and YAP1 play important roles in tumor metabolism, and Gankyrin-targeted inhibition may be a potential anti-cancer therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China.,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Zhuhai People's Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P. R. China
| | - Junwen Xue
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Guo
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Tongzhu Jin
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Cao
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Yingzhun Chen
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Haihai Liang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China.,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Du
- Zhuhai People's Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China.
| | - Hongli Shan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China. .,Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China. .,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China.
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15
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Zafeiriadou A, Kollias I, Londra T, Tsaroucha E, Georgoulias V, Kotsakis A, Lianidou E, Markou A. Metabolism-Related Gene Expression in Circulating Tumor Cells from Patients with Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133237. [PMID: 35805008 PMCID: PMC9264894 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the present study, the expression of three Metabolism-Related Enzymes (MRGs) that are related to glucose and pyruvate metabolism, in parallel with glucose and monocarboxylate transporter expression (HK2, MCT1, PHGDH), was studied in CTCs isolated from the peripheral blood of early stage NSCLC patients at different timepoints. The expression levels of all tested MRGs decreased in CTCs one month after surgery, but a significant increase was noticed at the time of relapse for PHGDH and MCT1 only. An overexpression of MRGs was observed at a high frequency in the CTCs isolated from early NSCLC patients, thereby supporting the role of MRGs in metastatic processes. The glycolytic and mesenchymal subpopulation of CTCs was significantly predominant compared to CTCs that wereglycolytic but not mesenchymal-like. Our data indicate that MRGs merit further evaluation through large and well-defined cohort studies. Abstract Purpose: Metabolic reprogramming is now characterized as one of the core hallmarks of cancer, and it has already been shown that the altered genomic profile of metabolically rewired cancer cells can give valuable information. In this study, we quantified three Metabolism-Related Gene (MRG) transcripts in the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of early stage NSCLC patients and evaluated their associations with epithelial and EMT markers. Experimental Design: We first developed and analytically validated highly sensitive RT-qPCR assays for the quantification of HK2, MCT1 and PHGDH transcripts, and further studied the expression of MRGs in CTCs that were isolated using a size-dependent microfluidic device (Parsortix, Angle) from the peripheral blood of: (a) 46 NSCLC patients at baseline, (b) 39/46 of these patients one month after surgery, (c) 10/46 patients at relapse and (d) 10 pairs of cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous FFPE tissues from the same NSCLC patients. Epithelial and EMT markers were also evaluated. Results: MCT1 and HK2 were differentially expressed between HD and NSCLC patients. An overexpression of MCT1 was detected in 15/46 (32.6%) and 3/10 (30%) patients at baseline and at progression disease (PD), respectively, whereas an overexpression of HK2 was detected in 30.4% and 0% of CTCs in the same group of samples. The expression levels of all tested MRGs decreased in CTCs one month after surgery, but a significant increase was noticed at the time of relapse for PHGDH and MCT1 only. The expression levels of HK2 and MCT1 were associated with the overexpression of mesenchymal markers (TWIST-1 and VIM). Conclusion: An overexpression of MRGs was observed at a high frequency in the CTCs isolated from early NSCLC patients, thereby supporting the role of MRGs in metastatic processes. The glycolytic and mesenchymal subpopulation of CTCs was significantly predominant compared to CTCs that were glycolytic but not mesenchymal-like. Our data indicate that MRGs merit further evaluation through large and well-defined cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Zafeiriadou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.Z.); (I.K.); (T.L.); (E.L.)
| | - I. Kollias
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.Z.); (I.K.); (T.L.); (E.L.)
| | - T. Londra
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.Z.); (I.K.); (T.L.); (E.L.)
| | - E. Tsaroucha
- ‘Sotiria’ General Hospital for Chest Diseases, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - V. Georgoulias
- First Department of Medical Oncology, IASO General Hospital of Athens, 15123 Athens, Greece;
| | - A. Kotsakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Larissa, 41334 Larissa, Greece;
| | - E. Lianidou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.Z.); (I.K.); (T.L.); (E.L.)
| | - A. Markou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Lab, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.Z.); (I.K.); (T.L.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Liu X, Wang F, Meng Y, Zhao L, Shi W, Wang X, He Z, Chao J, Li C. Electrochemical/visual microfluidic detection with a covalent organic framework supported platinum nanozyme-based device for early diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 207:114208. [PMID: 35344731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of smart, portable, and sensitive devices for the monitoring of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is essential to diagnose several diseases, including pheochromocytoma (PCC). Therefore, in this study, a dual-mode (electrochemical/visual) microfluidic device was designed for the rapid and sensitive detection of PCC-CTCs using a microfluidic chip for automatic cell sampling and detection and a smartphone-based three-dimensional-printed accessory for signal output analysis. The device was employed to capture and identify PCC-CTCs via specific immunogenic binding to the norepinephrine transporter and somatostatin receptor, which are overexpressed on the surface of PCC cells. Specifically, targeted-modified magnetic particles were used to capture and separate PCC-CTCs from peripheral blood; then, similarly modified covalent organic framework based nanozymes (COF@Pt) were used as peroxidase mimics to amplify the electrochemical response from H2O2 reduction and catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine by hydroxyl radicals in the presence of the PCC cells to enable visual quantification. Using the prepared microfluidic device, a low detection limit of 1 cell mL-1 at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 and a wide linear range of 2 to 105 cells mL-1 were achieved. Overall, this work demonstrates a portable, sensitive, and visual platform for PCC diagnostics that meets the requirement for quick and precise point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cell and Biomolecule Recognition Research Center, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cell and Biomolecule Recognition Research Center, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yang Meng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cell and Biomolecule Recognition Research Center, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cell and Biomolecule Recognition Research Center, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cell and Biomolecule Recognition Research Center, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cell and Biomolecule Recognition Research Center, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Zikang He
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cell and Biomolecule Recognition Research Center, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Caolong Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Cell and Biomolecule Recognition Research Center, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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17
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Wang Z, Zhao Y, Shen X, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Yin H, Zhao X, Liu H, Shi Q. Single-Cell Genomics-Based Molecular Algorithm for Early Cancer Detection. Anal Chem 2022; 94:2607-2614. [PMID: 35077134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As one of the prime applications of liquid biopsy, the detection of tumor-derived whole cells and molecular markers is enabled in a noninvasive means before symptoms or hints from imaging procedures used for cancer screening. However, liquid biopsy is not a diagnostic test of malignant diseases per se because it fails to establish a definitive cancer diagnosis. Although single-cell genomics provides a genome-wide genetic alternation landscape, it is technologically challenging to confirm cell malignancy of a suspicious cell in body fluids due to unknown technical noise of single-cell sequencing and genomic variation among cancer cells, especially when tumor tissues are unavailable for sequencing as the reference. To address this challenge, we report a molecular algorithm, named scCancerDx, for confirming cell malignancy based on single-cell copy number alternation profiles of suspicious cells from body fluids, leading to a definitive cancer diagnosis. The scCancerDx algorithm has been trained with normal cells and cancer cell lines and validated with single tumor cells disassociated from clinical samples. The established scCancerDx algorithm then validates hexokinase 2 (HK2) as an efficient metabolic function-associated marker of identifying disseminated tumor cells in different body fluids across many cancer types. The HK2-based test, together with scCancerDx, has been investigated for the early detection of bladder cancer (BC) at a preclinical phase by detecting high glycolytic HK2high tumor cells in urine. Early BC detection improves patient prognosis and avoids radical resection for enhancing life quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuyang Zhao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiaohan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yichun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ziyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huming Yin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Qihui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China.,International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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18
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AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase as a Promising Therapeutic Target Directing Multiple Aspects of Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030466. [PMID: 35158733 PMCID: PMC8833413 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Metastasis is a complex process that requires the acquisition of certain traits by cancer cells as well as the cooperation of several non-neoplastic cells that populate the stroma. Cancer-related deaths are predominantly associated with complications arising from metastases. Limiting metastasis therefore represents an important clinical challenge. The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is required at many steps of the metastatic cascade and contributes to tumor microenvironment deregulation. In this review, we describe how AXL contributes to metastatic progression by governing various biological processes in cancer cells and in stromal cells, highlighting the potential of its inhibition. Abstract The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is emerging as a key player in tumor progression and metastasis and its expression correlates with poor survival in a plethora of cancers. While studies have shown the benefits of AXL inhibition for the treatment of metastatic cancers, additional roles for AXL in cancer progression are still being explored. This review discusses recent advances in understanding AXL’s functions in different tumor compartments including cancer, vascular, and immune cells. AXL is required at multiple steps of the metastatic cascade where its activation in cancer cells leads to EMT, invasion, survival, proliferation and therapy resistance. AXL activation in cancer cells and various stromal cells also results in tumor microenvironment deregulation, leading to modulation of angiogenesis, fibrosis, immune response and hypoxia. A better understanding of AXL’s role in these processes could lead to new therapeutic approaches that would benefit patients suffering from metastatic diseases.
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19
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Chen WW, Liu W, Li Y, Wang J, Ren Y, Wang G, Chen C, Li H. Deciphering the Immune-Tumor Interplay During Early-Stage Lung Cancer Development via Single-Cell Technology. Front Oncol 2022; 11:716042. [PMID: 35047383 PMCID: PMC8761635 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.716042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Cancer immunotherapy has shown great success in treating advanced-stage lung cancer but has yet been used to treat early-stage lung cancer, mostly due to lack of understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment in early-stage lung cancer. The immune system could both constrain and promote tumorigenesis in a process termed immune editing that can be divided into three phases, namely, elimination, equilibrium, and escape. Current understanding of the immune response toward tumor is mainly on the "escape" phase when the tumor is clinically detectable. The detailed mechanism by which tumor progenitor lesions was modulated by the immune system during early stage of lung cancer development remains elusive. The advent of single-cell sequencing technology enables tumor immunologists to address those fundamental questions. In this perspective, we will summarize our current understanding and big gaps about the immune response during early lung tumorigenesis. We will then present the state of the art of single-cell technology and then envision how single-cell technology could be used to address those questions. Advances in the understanding of the immune response and its dynamics during malignant transformation of pre-malignant lesion will shed light on how malignant cells interact with the immune system and evolve under immune selection. Such knowledge could then contribute to the development of precision and early intervention strategies toward lung malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Chen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingze Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yijiu Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangsuo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanjie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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20
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21
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Metabolomics in asthma: A platform for discovery. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 85:100990. [PMID: 34281719 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Asthma, characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and remodeling, is a chronic airway disease with complex etiology. Severe asthma is characterized by frequent exacerbations and poor therapeutic response to conventional asthma therapy. A clear understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of asthma is critical for the discovery of novel targets for optimal therapeutic control of asthma. Metabolomics is emerging as a powerful tool to elucidate novel disease mechanisms in a variety of diseases. In this review, we summarize the current status of knowledge in asthma metabolomics at systemic and cellular levels. The findings demonstrate that various metabolic pathways, related to energy metabolism, macromolecular biosynthesis and redox signaling, are differentially modulated in asthma. Airway smooth muscle cell plays pivotal roles in asthma by contributing to airway hyperreactivity, inflammatory mediator release and remodeling. We posit that metabolomic profiling of airway structural cells, including airway smooth muscle cells, will shed light on molecular mechanisms of asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness and help identify novel therapeutic targets.
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22
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Guo Z, Cheng H, Li Z, Shao S, Sarkar P, Wang S, Chaudhuri R, Perkins NG, Ji F, Wei W, Xue M. Single-Cell Profiling of Fatty Acid Uptake Using Surface-Immobilized Dendrimers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11191-11198. [PMID: 34266234 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We present a chemical approach to profile fatty acid uptake in single cells. We use azide-modified analogues to probe the fatty acid influx and surface-immobilized dendrimers with dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) groups for detection. A competition between the fatty acid probes and BHQ2-azide quencher molecules generates fluorescence signals in a concentration-dependent manner. By integrating this method onto a microfluidics-based multiplex protein analysis platform, we resolved the relationships between fatty acid influx, oncogenic signaling activities, and cell proliferation in single glioblastoma cells. We found that p70S6K and 4EBP1 differentially correlated with fatty acid uptake. We validated that cotargeting p70S6K and fatty acid metabolism synergistically inhibited cell proliferation. Our work provided the first example of studying fatty acid metabolism in the context of protein signaling at single-cell resolution and generated new insights into cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Hanjun Cheng
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Zhonghan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Shiqun Shao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States.,Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Priyanka Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Siwen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Rohit Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Nicole G Perkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Fei Ji
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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23
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Liu X, Zhang X, Tang J, Meng Y, Zhao L, Shi W, Tao F, Kan Z, Wang F, Li C. Dual-Targeting Nanoprobe for Early Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma Though Coinstantaneous Identification of Circulating Tumor Cells. Anal Chem 2021; 93:9036-9040. [PMID: 34161075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a pivotal role in the early diagnosis of pheochromocytoma (PCC). Herein, we fabricated a new dual-targeting nanoprobe for coinstantaneous identification of rare PCC-CTCs from peripheral blood via targeting the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and somatostatin receptor SSTR2 overexpressed on the surface of PCC cells. Meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) functionalized magnetic Fe3O4 and octreotide (DOTA) decorated signal amplification Ag@SiO2 nanosphere were used to capture and detect PCC-CTCs by binding to NET and SSTR2. The proposed dual-targeting sensor achieved good reproducibility and high sensitivity for the monitoring of PC12 in the concentration range from 5 to 5 × 104 cells mL-1, with detection limits of 2 cell/mL. This strategy opens a new approach for simple, sensitive, and rapid determination of PCC biomarkers, which shows great potential in early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic evaluation of PCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Xicheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Tao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zigui Kan
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Caolong Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
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24
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Cost-Effective Real-Time Metabolic Profiling of Cancer Cell Lines for Plate-Based Assays. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9060139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental phenotype of cancer cells is their metabolic profile, which is routinely described in terms of glycolytic and respiratory rates. Various devices and protocols have been designed to quantify glycolysis and respiration from the rates of acid production and oxygen utilization, respectively, but many of these approaches have limitations, including concerns about their cost-ineffectiveness, inadequate normalization procedures, or short probing time-frames. As a result, many methods for measuring metabolism are incompatible with cell culture conditions, particularly in the context of high-throughput applications. Here, we present a simple plate-based approach for real-time measurements of acid production and oxygen depletion under typical culture conditions that enable metabolic monitoring for extended periods of time. Using this approach, it is possible to calculate metabolic fluxes and, uniquely, describe the system at steady-state. By controlling the conditions with respect to pH buffering, O2 diffusion, medium volume, and cell numbers, our workflow can accurately describe the metabolic phenotype of cells in terms of molar fluxes. This direct measure of glycolysis and respiration is conducive for between-runs and even between-laboratory comparisons. To illustrate the utility of this approach, we characterize the phenotype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines and measure their response to a switch of metabolic substrate and the presence of metabolic inhibitors. In summary, the method can deliver a robust appraisal of metabolism in cell lines, with applications in drug screening and in quantitative studies of metabolic regulation.
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25
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Cheng H, Li Z, Guo Z, Shao S, Mo L, Wei W, Xue M. Single-cell profiling of D-2-hydroxyglutarate using surface-immobilized resazurin analogs. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 190:113368. [PMID: 34098361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D2HG) is over-produced as an oncometabolite due to mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs). Accumulation of D2HG can cause the dysfunction of many enzymes and genome-wide epigenetic alterations, which can promote oncogenesis. Quantification of D2HG at single-cell resolution can help understand the phenotypic signatures of IDH-mutant cancers and identify effective therapeutics. In this study, we developed an analytical method to detect D2HG levels in single cancer cells by adapting cascade enzymatic reactions on a resazurin-based fluorescence reporter. The resazurin probe was immobilized to the sensing surface via biotin-streptavidin interaction. This surface chemistry was rationally optimized to translate the D2HG levels to sensitive fluorescence readouts efficiently. This D2HG assay demonstrated good selectivity and high sensitivity toward D2HG, and it was compatible with the previously developed single-cell barcode chip (SCBC) technology. Using the SCBC platform, we performed simultaneous single-cell profiling of D2HG, glucose uptake, and critical oncogenic signaling proteins in single IDH-mutant glioma cells. The results unveiled the complex interplays between metabolic and oncogenic signaling and led to the identification of effective combination targeted therapy against these IDH-mutant glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjun Cheng
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Zhonghan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Zhili Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Shiqun Shao
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Li Mo
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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26
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Yang L, Yan X, Chen J, Zhan Q, Hua Y, Xu S, Li Z, Wang Z, Dong Y, Zuo D, Xue M, Tang Y, Herschman HR, Lu S, Shi Q, Wei W. Hexokinase 2 discerns a novel circulating tumor cell population associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2012228118. [PMID: 33836566 PMCID: PMC7980452 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2012228118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike other epithelial cancer types, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are less frequently detected in the peripheral blood of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients using epithelial marker-based detection approaches despite the aggressive nature of NSCLC. Here, we demonstrate hexokinase-2 (HK2) as a metabolic function-associated marker for the detection of CTCs. In 59 NSCLC patients bearing cytokeratin-positive (CKpos) primary tumors, HK2 enables resolving cytokeratin-negative (HK2high/CKneg) CTCs as a prevalent population in about half of the peripheral blood samples with positive CTC counts. However, HK2high/CKneg tumor cells are a minority population in pleural effusions and cerebrospinal fluids. Single-cell analysis shows that HK2high/CKneg CTCs exhibit smaller sizes but consistent copy number variation profiles compared with CKpos counterparts. Single-cell transcriptome profiling reveals that CK expression levels of CTCs are independent of their epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) status, challenging the long-standing association between CK expression and EMT. HK2high/CKneg CTCs display metastasis and EGFR inhibitor resistance-related molecular signatures and are selectively enriched in patients with EGFRL858R driver oncogene mutation as opposed to EGFR19Del , which is more frequently found in patients with prevalent CKpos CTCs in the blood. Consistently, treatment-naïve patients with a larger number or proportion of HK2high/CKneg CTCs in the blood exhibit poor therapy response and shorter progression-free survival. Collectively, our approach resolves a more complete spectrum of CTCs in NSCLC that can potentially be exploited to identify patient prognosis before therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaowei Yan
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qiong Zhan
- Department of Oncology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Shili Xu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Ziming Li
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dongqing Zuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Min Xue
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Yin Tang
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Harvey R Herschman
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Shun Lu
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China;
| | - Qihui Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China;
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109;
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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27
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Wang H, Meng D, Guo H, Sun C, Chen P, Jiang M, Xu Y, Yu J, Fang Q, Zhu J, Zhao W, Wu S, Zhao S, Li W, Chen B, Wang L, He Y. Single-Cell Sequencing, an Advanced Technology in Lung Cancer Research. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:1895-1909. [PMID: 33758510 PMCID: PMC7981160 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s295102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell sequencing (SCS) which has an unprecedentedly high resolution is an advanced technique for cancer research. Lung cancer still has a high mortality and morbidity. For further understanding the lung cancer, SCS is also been applied to lung cancer research to investigate its heterogeneity, metastasis, drug resistance, tumor microenvironment and many other issues. In this review, we summarized lung cancer research using SCS and their research achievements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Die Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyue Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Peixin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Minlin Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyu Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencheng Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyu Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.,Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
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28
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De Rosa V, Fonti R, Del Vecchio S, Iommelli F. Non-invasive detection of epithelial mesenchymal transition phenotype and metastatic dissemination of lung cancer by liquid biopsy. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2021; 2:36-47. [PMID: 36046089 PMCID: PMC9400761 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of phenotype switch from an epithelial to a mesenchymal cell state during the activation of the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) program in cancer cells has been closely associated with the generation of invasive tumor cells that contribute to metastatic dissemination and treatment failure. Liquid biopsy represents an emergent non-invasive tool that may improve our understanding of the molecular events leading to cancer progression and initiating the metastatic cascade through the dynamic analysis of tumor-derived components isolated from body fluids. The present review will primarily focus on the applications of liquid biopsy in lung cancer patients for identifying EMT signature, elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of an invasive phenotype and detecting new targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana De Rosa
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Fonti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvana Del Vecchio
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Iommelli
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, 80145 Naples, Italy
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29
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DeVilbiss AW, Zhao Z, Martin-Sandoval MS, Ubellacker JM, Tasdogan A, Agathocleous M, Mathews TP, Morrison SJ. Metabolomic profiling of rare cell populations isolated by flow cytometry from tissues. eLife 2021; 10:61980. [PMID: 33470192 PMCID: PMC7847306 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the metabolic regulation of rare cell populations because most metabolites are hard to detect in small numbers of cells. We previously described a method for metabolomic profiling of flow cytometrically isolated hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that detects 60 metabolites in 10,000 cells (Agathocleous et al., 2017). Here we describe a new method involving hydrophilic liquid interaction chromatography and high-sensitivity orbitrap mass spectrometry that detected 160 metabolites in 10,000 HSCs, including many more glycolytic and lipid intermediates. We improved chromatographic separation, increased mass resolution, minimized ion suppression, and eliminated sample drying. Most metabolite levels did not significantly change during cell isolation. Mouse HSCs exhibited increased glycerophospholipids relative to bone marrow cells and methotrexate treatment altered purine biosynthesis. Circulating human melanoma cells were depleted for purine intermediates relative to subcutaneous tumors, suggesting decreased purine synthesis during metastasis. These methods facilitate the routine metabolomic analysis of rare cells from tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W DeVilbiss
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Zhiyu Zhao
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Misty S Martin-Sandoval
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Jessalyn M Ubellacker
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Michalis Agathocleous
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Thomas P Mathews
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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30
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Ogawa T, Sasaki A, Ono K, Ohshika S, Ishibashi Y, Yamada K. Uptake of fluorescent D- and L-glucose analogues, 2-NBDG and 2-NBDLG, into human osteosarcoma U2OS cells in a phloretin-inhibitable manner. Hum Cell 2021; 34:634-643. [PMID: 33454890 PMCID: PMC7900340 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00483-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian cells take in d-glucose as an essential fuel as well as a carbon source. In contrast, l-glucose, the mirror image isomer of d-glucose, has been considered merely as a non-transportable/non-metabolizable control for d-glucose. We have shown that 2-[N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-NBDG), a d-glucose analogue combining a fluorophore NBD at the C-2 position, is useful as a tracer for monitoring d-glucose uptake through glucose transporters (GLUTs) into mammalian cells. To more precisely evaluate the stereoselectivity of 2-NBDG uptake, we developed an l-glucose analogue 2-NBDLG, the mirror-image isomer of 2-NBDG. Interestingly, 2-NBDLG was taken up into mouse insulinoma MIN6 cells showing nuclear heterogeneity, a cytological feature of malignancy, while remaining MIN6 cells only exhibited a trace amount of 2-NBDLG uptake. The 2-NBDLG uptake into MIN6 cells was abolished by phloretin, but persisted under blockade of major mammalian glucose transporters. Unfortunately, however, no such uptake could be detected in other tumor cell lines. Here we demonstrate that human osteosarcoma U2OS cells take in 2-NBDLG in a phloretin-inhibitable manner. The uptake of 2-NBDG, and not that of 2-NBDLG, into U2OS cells was significantly inhibited by cytochalasin B, a potent GLUT inhibitor. Phloretin, but neither phlorizin, an inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT), nor a large amount of d/l-glucose, blocked the 2-NBDLG uptake. These results suggest that a phloretin-inhibitable, non-GLUT/non-SGLT, possibly non-transporter-mediated yet unidentified mechanism participates in the uptake of the fluorescent l-glucose analogue in two very different tumor cells, the mouse insulinoma and the human osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Ogawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Ayako Sasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Koki Ono
- Department of Physiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Shusa Ohshika
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ishibashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Katsuya Yamada
- Department of Physiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan.
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31
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Metabolic regulation of prostate cancer heterogeneity and plasticity. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 82:94-119. [PMID: 33290846 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the main hallmarks of cancer cells. It refers to the metabolic adaptations of tumor cells in response to nutrient deficiency, microenvironmental insults, and anti-cancer therapies. Metabolic transformation during tumor development plays a critical role in the continued tumor growth and progression and is driven by a complex interplay between the tumor mutational landscape, epigenetic modifications, and microenvironmental influences. Understanding the tumor metabolic vulnerabilities might open novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches with the potential to improve the efficacy of current tumor treatments. Prostate cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease harboring different mutations and tumor cell phenotypes. While the increase of intra-tumor genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity is associated with tumor progression, less is known about metabolic regulation of prostate cancer cell heterogeneity and plasticity. This review summarizes the central metabolic adaptations in prostate tumors, state-of-the-art technologies for metabolic analysis, and the perspectives for metabolic targeting and diagnostic implications.
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32
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Wang Z, Chen J, Yang L, Cao M, Yu Y, Zhang R, Quan H, Jiang Q, Hua Y, Wei W, Lu P, Wu J, Shi Q. Single-Cell Sequencing-Enabled Hexokinase 2 Assay for Noninvasive Bladder Cancer Diagnosis and Screening by Detecting Rare Malignant Cells in Urine. Anal Chem 2020; 92:16284-16292. [PMID: 33269906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is among the most common tumors with a high recurrence rate, necessitating noninvasive and sensitive diagnostic methods. Accurate detection of exfoliated tumor cells (ETCs) in urine is crucial for noninvasive BC diagnosis but suffers from limited sensitivity when ETCs are rare and confounded by reactive, regenerative, or reparative cells. Single-cell sequencing (SCS) enables accurate detection of ETCs by surveying oncogenic driver mutations or genome-wide copy number alternations. To overcome the low-throughput limitation of SCS, we report a SCS-validated cellular marker, hexokinase 2 (HK2), for high-throughput screening cells in urine and detecting ETCs engaging elevated glycolysis. In the SCS-based training set, a total of 385 cells from urine samples of eight urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients were sequenced to establish a HK2 threshold that achieved >90% specificity for ETC detection. This urine-based HK2 assay was tested with a blinded patient group (n = 384) including UC and benign genitourinary disorders as a validation cohort for prospectively evaluating diagnostic accuracy. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the assay were 90, 88, 83, and 93%, respectively, which were superior to urinary cytology. For investigating the potential to be a screening test, the HK2 assay was tested with a group of healthy individuals (n = 846) and a 6-month follow-up. The specificity was 98.4% in this health group. Three participants were found to have >5 putative ETCs that were sequenced to exhibit recurrent copy number alternations characteristic of malignant cells, demonstrating early BC detection before current clinical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute and Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Mingzhe Cao
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yanlan Yu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Rulin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Heng Quan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute and Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle 98109, Washington, United States
| | - Peihua Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai General Hospital Jiading Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201803, China
| | - Qihui Shi
- Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, China.,Key Laboratory of Whole-period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital & AHS, Fudan University, Shanghai 201100, China
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33
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Huang Y, Yu S, Chao S, Wu L, Tao M, Situ B, Ye X, Zhang Y, Luo S, Chen W, Jiang X, Guan G, Zheng L. Isolation of circulating fetal trophoblasts by a four-stage inertial microfluidic device for single-cell analysis and noninvasive prenatal testing. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:4342-4348. [PMID: 33155006 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00895h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive detection of circulating fetal cells carrying the entire fetal genome is a promising way for prenatal testing of genetic diseases. However, ideal approaches for efficient separation of these valuable cells are not available. Here, a novel inertial microfluidic chip (CelutriateChip 1) is developed for ultra-fast, label-free enrichment of circulating trophoblasts (CTBs) from the whole blood samples of pregnant women. The unique structural design of the four-stage curved channel in CelutriateChip 1 enables CTBs with larger size to be efficiently separated from the blood samples under the effect of inertial and Dean drag forces. The transition of the target cells among the stages enables CelutriateChip 1 to achieve one or two orders of magnitude higher throughput compared to single channel inertial microfluidic chips. After optimization of conditions, CTBs can be recovered from 2 mL of whole blood within 5 min with an average recovery efficiency ranging from 52.3% to 65.8% and high white blood cell depletion (99.95%). CTBs collected from the chip can be isolated at the single-cell level and used for downstream immunofluorescence staining and genetic genotyping. Clinical tests are performed on 30 pregnant women and the results demonstrate that CTBs are obtainable in 86.67% of pregnancy cases. A single-base variant in the HBB gene can be accurately detected by sequencing of rare CTBs. This simple, antibody-free and low-cost approach holds promise for obtaining rare CTBs for prenatal detection of various genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
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L-Glucose: Another Path to Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040850. [PMID: 32244695 PMCID: PMC7225996 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancerous tumors comprise cells showing metabolic heterogeneity. Among numerous efforts to understand this property, little attention has been paid to the possibility that cancer cells take up and utilize otherwise unusable substrates as fuel. Here we discuss this issue by focusing on l-glucose, the mirror image isomer of naturally occurring d-glucose; l-glucose is an unmetabolizable sugar except in some bacteria. By combining relatively small fluorophores with l-glucose, we generated fluorescence-emitting l-glucose tracers (fLGs). To our surprise, 2-NBDLG, one of these fLGs, which we thought to be merely a control substrate for the fluorescent d-glucose tracer 2-NBDG, was specifically taken up into tumor cell aggregates (spheroids) that exhibited nuclear heterogeneity, a major cytological feature of malignancy in cancer diagnosis. Changes in mitochondrial activity were also associated with the spheroids taking up fLG. To better understand these phenomena, we review here the Warburg effect as well as key studies regarding glucose uptake. We also discuss tumor heterogeneity involving aberrant uptake of glucose and mitochondrial changes based on the data obtained by fLG. We then consider the use of fLGs as novel markers for visualization and characterization of malignant tumor cells.
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