1
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Struck T, Volmer M, Visser L, Offermann T, Xue R, Tu JS, Trellenkamp S, Cywiński Ł, Bluhm H, Schreiber LR. Spin-EPR-pair separation by conveyor-mode single electron shuttling in Si/SiGe. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1325. [PMID: 38351007 PMCID: PMC10864332 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-ranged coherent qubit coupling is a missing function block for scaling up spin qubit based quantum computing solutions. Spin-coherent conveyor-mode electron-shuttling could enable spin quantum-chips with scalable and sparse qubit-architecture. Its key feature is the operation by only few easily tuneable input terminals and compatibility with industrial gate-fabrication. Single electron shuttling in conveyor-mode in a 420 nm long quantum bus has been demonstrated previously. Here we investigate the spin coherence during conveyor-mode shuttling by separation and rejoining an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) spin-pair. Compared to previous work we boost the shuttle velocity by a factor of 10000. We observe a rising spin-qubit dephasing time with the longer shuttle distances due to motional narrowing and estimate the spin-shuttle infidelity due to dephasing to be 0.7% for a total shuttle distance of nominal 560 nm. Shuttling several loops up to an accumulated distance of 3.36 μm, spin-entanglement of the EPR pair is still detectable, giving good perspective for our approach of a shuttle-based scalable quantum computing architecture in silicon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Struck
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mats Volmer
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lino Visser
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias Offermann
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ran Xue
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jhih-Sian Tu
- Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Stefan Trellenkamp
- Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Łukasz Cywiński
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hendrik Bluhm
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars R Schreiber
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany.
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2
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Almuhlafi AM, Alshaykh MS, Alajmi M, Alshammari B, Ramahi OM. A Microwave Differential Dielectric Sensor Based on Mode Splitting of Coupled Resonators. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1020. [PMID: 38339739 PMCID: PMC10857766 DOI: 10.3390/s24031020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the viability of using the avoided mode crossing phenomenon in the microwave regime to design microwave differential sensors. While the design concept can be applied to any type of planar electrically small resonators, here, it is implemented on split-ring resonators (SRRs). We use two coupled synchronous SRRs loaded onto a two-port microstrip line system to demonstrate the avoided mode crossing by varying the distance between the split of the resonators to control the coupling strength. As the coupling becomes stronger, the split in the resonance frequencies of the system increases. Alternatively, by controlling the strength of the coupling by materials under test (MUTs), we utilize the system as a microwave differential sensor. First, the avoided mode crossing is theoretically investigated using the classical microwave coupled resonator techniques. Then, the system is designed and simulated using a 3D full-wave numerical simulation. To validate the concept, a two-port microstrip line, which is magnetically coupled to two synchronous SRRs, is utilized as a sensor, where the inter-resonator coupling is chosen to be electric coupling controlled by the dielectric constant of MUTs. For the experimental validation, the sensor was fabricated using printed circuit board technology. Two solid slabs with dielectric constants of 2.33 and 9.2 were employed to demonstrate the potential of the system as a novel differential microwave sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M. Almuhlafi
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.A.); (B.A.)
| | - Mohammed S. Alshaykh
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.A.); (B.A.)
| | - Mansour Alajmi
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.A.); (B.A.)
| | - Bassam Alshammari
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.A.); (B.A.)
| | - Omar M. Ramahi
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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3
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Gu SS, Kohler S, Xu YQ, Wu R, Jiang SL, Ye SK, Lin T, Wang BC, Li HO, Cao G, Guo GP. Probing Two Driven Double Quantum Dots Strongly Coupled to a Cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:233602. [PMID: 37354413 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.233602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally and theoretically study a driven hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) system beyond the dispersive coupling regime. Treating the cavity as part of the driven system, we develop a theory applicable to such strongly coupled and to multiqubit systems. The fringes measured for a single driven double quantum dot (DQD)-cavity setting and the enlarged splittings of the hybrid Floquet states in the presence of a second DQD are well reproduced with our model. This opens a path to study Floquet states of multiqubit systems with arbitrarily strong coupling and reveals a new perspective for understanding strongly driven hybrid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Sigmund Kohler
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yong-Qiang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Rui Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shun-Li Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shu-Kun Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ting Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bao-Chuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hai-Ou Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Gang Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Guo-Ping Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- Origin Quantum Computing Company Limited, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
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4
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Crescente A, Ferraro D, Carrega M, Sassetti M. Analytically Solvable Model for Qubit-Mediated Energy Transfer between Quantum Batteries. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 25:758. [PMID: 37238512 PMCID: PMC10217090 DOI: 10.3390/e25050758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The coherent energy transfer between two identical two-level systems is investigated. Here, the first quantum system plays the role of a charger, while the second can be seen as a quantum battery. Firstly, a direct energy transfer between the two objects is considered and then compared to a transfer mediated by an additional intermediate two-level system. In this latter case, it is possible to distinguish between a two-step process, where the energy is firstly transferred from the charger to the mediator and only after from the mediator to the battery, and a single-step in which the two transfers occurs simultaneously. The differences between these configurations are discussed in the framework of an analytically solvable model completing what recently discussed in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Crescente
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
- CNR-SPIN, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Dario Ferraro
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
- CNR-SPIN, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Maura Sassetti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
- CNR-SPIN, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
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5
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Bonsen T, Harvey-Collard P, Russ M, Dijkema J, Sammak A, Scappucci G, Vandersypen LMK. Probing the Jaynes-Cummings Ladder with Spin Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:137001. [PMID: 37067307 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.137001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We report observations of transitions between excited states in the Jaynes-Cummings ladder of circuit quantum electrodynamics with electron spins (spin circuit QED). We show that unexplained features in recent experimental work correspond to such transitions and present an input-output framework that includes these effects. In new experiments, we first reproduce previous observations and then reveal both excited-state transitions and multiphoton transitions by increasing the probe power and using two-tone spectroscopy. This ability to probe the Jaynes-Cummings ladder is enabled by improvements in the coupling-to-decoherence ratio, and shows an increase in the maturity of spin circuit QED as an interesting platform for studying quantum phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bonsen
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Patrick Harvey-Collard
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Russ
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Dijkema
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Amir Sammak
- QuTech and Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Giordano Scappucci
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Lieven M K Vandersypen
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
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6
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Parametric longitudinal coupling between a high-impedance superconducting resonator and a semiconductor quantum dot singlet-triplet spin qubit. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4773. [PMID: 35970821 PMCID: PMC9378792 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32236-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Coupling qubits to a superconducting resonator provides a mechanism to enable long-distance entangling operations in a quantum computer based on spins in semiconducting materials. Here, we demonstrate a controllable spin-photon coupling based on a longitudinal interaction between a spin qubit and a resonator. We show that coupling a singlet-triplet qubit to a high-impedance superconducting resonator can produce the desired longitudinal coupling when the qubit is driven near the resonator's frequency. We measure the energy splitting of the qubit as a function of the drive amplitude and frequency of a microwave signal applied near the resonator antinode, revealing pronounced effects close to the resonator frequency due to longitudinal coupling. By tuning the amplitude of the drive, we reach a regime with longitudinal coupling exceeding 1 MHz. This mechanism for qubit-resonator coupling represents a stepping stone towards producing high-fidelity two-qubit gates mediated by a superconducting resonator.
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7
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Pérez-González B, Gómez-León Á, Platero G. Topology detection in cavity QED. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:15860-15870. [PMID: 35758058 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01806c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We explore the physics of topological lattice models immersed in c-QED architectures for arbitrary coupling strength with the photon field. We propose the use of the cavity transmission as a topological marker and study its behaviour. For this, we develop an approach combining the input-output formalism with a Mean-Field plus fluctuations description of the setup. We illustrate our results with the specific case of a fermionic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) chain coupled to a single-mode cavity. Our findings confirm that the cavity can indeed act as a quantum sensor for topological phases, where the initial state preparation plays a crucial role. Additionally, we discuss the persistence of topological features when the coupling strength increases, in terms of an effective Hamiltonian, and calculate the entanglement entropy. Our approach can be applied to other fermionic systems, opening a route to the characterization of their topological properties in terms of experimental observables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Pérez-González
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, n°3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Gómez-León
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Calle Serrano 113b, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Platero
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, n°3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Heinrich AJ, Oliver WD, Vandersypen LMK, Ardavan A, Sessoli R, Loss D, Jayich AB, Fernandez-Rossier J, Laucht A, Morello A. Quantum-coherent nanoscience. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:1318-1329. [PMID: 34845333 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00994-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
For the past three decades nanoscience has widely affected many areas in physics, chemistry and engineering, and has led to numerous fundamental discoveries, as well as applications and products. Concurrently, quantum science and technology has developed into a cross-disciplinary research endeavour connecting these same areas and holds burgeoning commercial promise. Although quantum physics dictates the behaviour of nanoscale objects, quantum coherence, which is central to quantum information, communication and sensing, has not played an explicit role in much of nanoscience. This Review describes fundamental principles and practical applications of quantum coherence in nanoscale systems, a research area we call quantum-coherent nanoscience. We structure this Review according to specific degrees of freedom that can be quantum-coherently controlled in a given nanoscale system, such as charge, spin, mechanical motion and photons. We review the current state of the art and focus on outstanding challenges and opportunities unlocked by the merging of nanoscience and coherent quantum operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas J Heinrich
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience (QNS), Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Korea.
- Physics Department, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - William D Oliver
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Department of Physics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Lincoln Laboratory, MIT, Lexington, MA, USA
| | | | - Arzhang Ardavan
- CAESR, The Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Department of Chemistry 'U. Schiff' & INSTM, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Daniel Loss
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Joaquin Fernandez-Rossier
- QuantaLab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Arne Laucht
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrea Morello
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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9
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Yoneda J, Huang W, Feng M, Yang CH, Chan KW, Tanttu T, Gilbert W, Leon RCC, Hudson FE, Itoh KM, Morello A, Bartlett SD, Laucht A, Saraiva A, Dzurak AS. Coherent spin qubit transport in silicon. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4114. [PMID: 34226564 PMCID: PMC8257656 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A fault-tolerant quantum processor may be configured using stationary qubits interacting only with their nearest neighbours, but at the cost of significant overheads in physical qubits per logical qubit. Such overheads could be reduced by coherently transporting qubits across the chip, allowing connectivity beyond immediate neighbours. Here we demonstrate high-fidelity coherent transport of an electron spin qubit between quantum dots in isotopically-enriched silicon. We observe qubit precession in the inter-site tunnelling regime and assess the impact of qubit transport using Ramsey interferometry and quantum state tomography techniques. We report a polarization transfer fidelity of 99.97% and an average coherent transfer fidelity of 99.4%. Our results provide key elements for high-fidelity, on-chip quantum information distribution, as long envisaged, reinforcing the scaling prospects of silicon-based spin qubits.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yoneda
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Tokyo Tech Academy for Super Smart Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - W Huang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Solid State Physics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Feng
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C H Yang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K W Chan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - T Tanttu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - W Gilbert
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - R C C Leon
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - F E Hudson
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K M Itoh
- School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - A Morello
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - S D Bartlett
- Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Laucht
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Saraiva
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A S Dzurak
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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10
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Uria M, Solano P, Hermann-Avigliano C. Deterministic Generation of Large Fock States. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:093603. [PMID: 32915610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.093603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a protocol to deterministically prepare the electromagnetic field in a large photon number state. The field starts in a coherent state and, through resonant interaction with one or few two-level systems, it evolves into a coherently displaced Fock state without any postselection. We show the feasibility of the scheme under realistic parameters. The presented method opens a door to reach Fock states, with n∼100 and optimal fidelities above 70%, blurring the line between macroscopic and quantum states of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Uria
- Departamento de Física and Millennium Institute for Research in Optics (MIRO), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8370448, Chile
| | - P Solano
- Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Fsicas y Matemticas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 160-C, Chile
| | - C Hermann-Avigliano
- Departamento de Física and Millennium Institute for Research in Optics (MIRO), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8370448, Chile
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