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Liu S, Zhou J, Yu L, Liu Y, Huang Y, Ouyang Y, Liu GK, Xu XH, Shibata N. Nitrogen-Based Organofluorine Functional Molecules: Synthesis and Applications. Chem Rev 2025; 125:4603-4764. [PMID: 40261821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
Fluorine and nitrogen form a successful partnership in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and material sciences. Although fluorine-nitrogen chemistry has a long and rich history, this field has received increasing interest and made remarkable progress over the past two decades, driven by recent advancements in transition metal and organocatalysis and photochemistry. This review, emphasizing contributions from 2015 to 2023, aims to update the state of the art of the synthesis and applications of nitrogen-based organofluorine functional molecules in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. In dedicated sections, we first focus on fluorine-containing reagents organized according to the type of fluorine-containing groups attached to nitrogen, including N-F, N-RF, N-SRF, and N-ORF. This review also covers nitrogen-linked fluorine-containing building blocks, catalysts, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals, underlining these components' broad applicability and growing importance in modern chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingle Liu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science&Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, China
| | - Yangen Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guo-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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2
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Zhou P, Guo M, Li J, Li X, Xie D, Qin B, Xia Y. Remote radical alkynylation of unactivated C(sp 3)-H bonds of ethynesulfonamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2025; 61:7109-7112. [PMID: 40241668 DOI: 10.1039/d5cc01215e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2025]
Abstract
We report an efficient protocol for the construction of δ-alkynyl amides via 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer and alkynyl group transfer of ethynesulfonamides. The readily installed ethynesulfonamides serve as both an amidyl radical precursor and an alkyne source. This reaction features excellent site selectivity for tertiary, secondary, primary, and benzylic C(sp3)-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Mengru Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Jiawei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Xu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Danyang Xie
- School of Smart Health, Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Bo Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Yong Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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3
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Li CB, Li XN, Li ZC, Li J, Wang ZX, Gao ZH, Ye S. Enantioselective Acylation of Benzylic C(sp 3)-H Bond Enabled by a Cooperative Photoredox and N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202421151. [PMID: 40055141 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202421151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025]
Abstract
Organocatalyzed direct and asymmetric functionalization of benzylic C(sp3)─H bond is attractive yet challenging. Herein, we report the enantioselective acylation of benzylic C(sp3)─H bond via a cooperative photoredox and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis, affording the corresponding chiral α-aryl ketones in moderate to good yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99:1 er). The rational design of novel NHCs guided by the initial evaluation of available catalysts and their application promotes the asymmetric transformation. Mechanistic experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations support the formation of benzyl radical and ketyl radical intermediates and rationalize the coupling of these radical species via open-shell singlet transition states to be the enantiodetermining step. This redox neutral protocol features mild conditions and is free of transition-metals (TMs) and pre-functionalized radical precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao-Bo Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Ning Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jikun Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Hua Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Song Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
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4
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Liu D, Wang B, Qin C, Tang H, Li H, Li L, Jiang Y, Yang X. Benzylic C(sp 3)-H/C(sp 3)-H Coupling with 2-Azaallyl Anions through Single-Electron Transfer and 1,5-Hydrogen Atom Transfer. Org Lett 2025; 27:3054-3059. [PMID: 40108942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5c00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2025]
Abstract
Herein is reported a novel transition-metal-free intermolecular C(sp3)-H/C(sp3)-H coupling of N-tert-butyl arylamides with N-benzyl imines through single-electron transfer (SET) and 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (1,5-HAT) strategies. 2-Azaallyl anions as super-electron-donors (SEDs) undergo SET with N-tert-butyl arylamides to generate 2-azaallyl radicals and amidyl radicals. The amidyl radical undergoes a 1,5-HAT process to form a C-centered radical, which is subsequently coupled to a 2-azaallyl radical to generate new C-C bonds. This method avoids the use of transition metals and photoredox catalysts with good functional group tolerance and yields (29 examples, 87% yield). Radical clock and radical trapping experiments provide significant evidence for the 1,5-HAT process of amidyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Bijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Cuirong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Haoqing Tang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
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5
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Li PP, Yang Z, Cai SQ, Liang W, Fang SC, Zhao JF, Pan B, Du F. Palladium-Catalyzed and Photoinduced Site-Selective Alkynylation and Oxidation of the Remote C(sp 3)-H. Org Lett 2025; 27:2602-2608. [PMID: 40063055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5c00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2025]
Abstract
A general and efficient method for the direct alkynylation and oxidation of remote C(sp3)-H bonds under photoirradiation is described. In this reaction, the Pd catalyst acts as both a photocatalyst to generate the nitrogen radical and a cross-coupling catalyst with a terminal alkyne. Attractive features of this system include good functional group tolerance, scalability, convenient reagents, and an operating system. The utility of this protocol is highlighted by its application for derivatization of several valuable aza-heterocycles such as caspase-3 inhibitor and azepinone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Pan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Pharmacy of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shao-Qun Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wu Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shi-Cui Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jun-Fei Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Bin Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fei Du
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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6
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Jiang Y, Li H, Tang H, Zhang Q, Yang H, Pan Y, Zou C, Zhang H, Walsh PJ, Yang X. Visible-light-driven net-1,2-hydrogen atom transfer of amidyl radicals to access β-amido ketone derivatives. Chem Sci 2025; 16:962-969. [PMID: 39664809 PMCID: PMC11629091 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc04997g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) processes provide an important strategy for selective C-H functionalization. Compared with the popularity of 1,5-HAT processes, however, net-1,2-HAT reactions have been reported less frequently. Herein, we report a unique visible-light-mediated net-1,2-HAT of amidyl radicals for the synthesis of β-amido ketone derivatives. Single-electron transfer (SET) to N-aryloxy amides generates nitrogen-centered radicals (N˙), which undergo a rare net-1,2-HAT to form carbon-centered radicals (C˙). The C-centered radicals are then captured by silyl enol ethers on the way to β-amido ketones. A series of β-amido ketone derivatives (33 examples, up to 97% yield) were prepared with good functional group tolerance demonstrating the synthetic utility of this method. Mechanistic studies, including EPR, radical trapping experiments, deuterium labeling and KIE measurements, suggest an intramolecular radical net-1,2-HAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650500 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University Kunming 650500 P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650500 P. R. China
| | - Haoqin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650500 P. R. China
| | - Qingyue Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 P. R. China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650500 P. R. China
| | - Yu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650500 P. R. China
| | - Chenggang Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University Kunming 650500 P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650500 P. R. China
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University Kunming 650500 P. R. China
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7
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Hu H, Jing ZY, Pan Q, Sha TT, Ji HR, Cao XX, Song XJ, Feng ZJ, Yao J, Zhou RJ, Wang C, Xiong RG, You YM. Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite for Ferroelectric Catalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2413547. [PMID: 39491796 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202413547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2024] [Revised: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite ferroelectric has gained significant attention for its structural flexibility and diversity. They can directly utilize metal nodes and organic groups as active sites in catalysis. Additionally, their ferroelectric polarization occurs around these active sites, significantly enhancing catalytic activity and demonstrating immense potential for applications. However, their catalytic applications remain underexplored. This work marks the first utilization of the molecular perovskite ferroelectric [3,3-difluorocyclobutylammonium]2CuCl4 (Cu-DFCBA) as a catalyst for alkane oxidation. Under ultrasonic stimulation, it achieved a remarkable turnover number as high as 2402. Compared to inorganic ferroelectrics like lithium niobate (LiNbO3), the molecular ferroelectric exhibited a 1200-fold increase in catalytic activity. This highlights Cu-DFCBA's robust ferroelectric properties and underscores the vast potential of molecular ferroelectrics in catalysis, guiding future system designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Yin Jing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Tai-Ting Sha
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Ran Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xing Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Jiang Song
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Jie Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Ru-Jie Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Ren-Gen Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Meng You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
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8
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Zeng L, Zhang Y, Hu M, He DL, Ouyang XH, Li JH. Divergent Synthesis of ( E)- and ( Z)-Alkenones via Photoredox C(sp 3)-H Alkenylation-Dehydrogenation of o-Iodoarylalkanols with Alkynes. Org Lett 2024; 26:10096-10101. [PMID: 39546467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c03707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
A photoredox C(sp3)-H alkenylation-dehydrogenation of o-iodoarylalkanols with terminal alkynes for the synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-quaternary carbon center-containing pent-4-en-1-ones is described. The stereoselectivity depends on the utilization of alkynes and photocatalysts. While using an organic photocatalyst like 4-DPAIPN manipulates the C(sp3)-H alkenylation-dehydrogenation of o-iodoarylalkanols with arylalkynes to assemble (E)-pent-4-en-1-ones, in the case of an Ir potocatalyst such as Ir(ppy)2(dtbbpy)PF6 the reaction with arylalkynes delivers (Z)-pent-4-en-1-ones. For alkylalkynes, the reaction furnishes (E)-pent-4-en-1-ones exclusively in the presence of 4-DPAIPN or Ir(ppy)2(dtbbpy)PF6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zeng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Ming Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - De-Liang He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xuan-Hui Ouyang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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9
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Xu KD, Gong XY, Li M, Yi L, Qin HT, Liu F. N-Directed, Radical Relay Enantioconvergent Sulfinylation of Distal C(sp 3)-H Bonds via Cobalt Catalysis. Org Lett 2024; 26:8999-9004. [PMID: 39417715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c03094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Cobalt-catalyzed enantioconvergent cross-coupling of C(sp3)-H bonds with in situ-generated sulfenate anions is achieved to access chiral sulfoxides, which are found in the structures of many biologically active agents. The more challenging aliphatic C-H bonds as well as sterically hindered substrates containing tertiary C-H bonds could also be tolerated well. Mechanistic studies indicate that the transformation could undergo a CoIIS(O)R-mediated single-electron transfer with N-fluorocarboxamides, followed by a 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer and then a pivotal organocobalt(IV)-controlled enantioselective cross-coupling process. This novel asymmetric radical reaction for C-S bond construction could open a new door for the synthesis of sulfur-centered chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Dong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xing-Yu Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Meng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lin Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hai-Tao Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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10
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Wang X, He J, Wang YN, Zhao Z, Jiang K, Yang W, Zhang T, Jia S, Zhong K, Niu L, Lan Y. Strategies and Mechanisms of First-Row Transition Metal-Regulated Radical C-H Functionalization. Chem Rev 2024; 124:10192-10280. [PMID: 39115179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Radical C-H functionalization represents a useful means of streamlining synthetic routes by avoiding substrate preactivation and allowing access to target molecules in fewer steps. The first-row transition metals (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) are Earth-abundant and can be employed to regulate radical C-H functionalization. The use of such metals is desirable because of the diverse interaction modes between first-row transition metal complexes and radical species including radical addition to the metal center, radical addition to the ligand of metal complexes, radical substitution of the metal complexes, single-electron transfer between radicals and metal complexes, hydrogen atom transfer between radicals and metal complexes, and noncovalent interaction between the radicals and metal complexes. Such interactions could improve the reactivity, diversity, and selectivity of radical transformations to allow for more challenging radical C-H functionalization reactions. This review examines the achievements in this promising area over the past decade, with a focus on the state-of-the-art while also discussing existing limitations and the enormous potential of high-value radical C-H functionalization regulated by these metals. The aim is to provide the reader with a detailed account of the strategies and mechanisms associated with such functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jing He
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Theory and Mechanism, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyan Zhao
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Kui Jiang
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Intelligent Innovation, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 451162, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Jia
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Kangbao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Linbin Niu
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, and Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Theory and Mechanism, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
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11
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Zhan YF, Chen JM, Sheng XX, Qiu CY, Jiang Y, Yang S, Chen M. Photoinduced copper catalyzed nitrogen-to-alkyl radical relay Sonogashira-type coupling of o-alkylbenzamides with alkynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7906-7909. [PMID: 38979947 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02861a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
This report describes a copper-catalyzed, photoinduced N-to-alkyl radical relay Sonogashira-type reactions at benzylic sites in o-alkylbenzamides with alkynes. The process employs an N-to-alkyl radical mechanism, initiated through the copper-catalyzed reductive generation of nitrogen radicals. Radical translocation is facilitated by a 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (1,5-HAT), leading to the formation of translocated carbon radicals. These radicals are then subjected to copper-catalyzed alkynylation. The methodology exhibits broad sub-strate scope and applicability to the synthesis of complex natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Zhan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Chang-zhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Jia-Ming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Chang-zhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Xia-Xin Sheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Chang-zhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Chao-Ying Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Chang-zhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Yan Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Chang-zhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Sen Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Chang-zhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Chang-zhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
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12
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Su J, Guo Y, Li C, Song Q. Difluorocarbene-induced [1,2]- and [2,3]-Stevens rearrangement of tertiary amines. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4794. [PMID: 38839757 PMCID: PMC11153565 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The [1,2]- and [2,3]-Stevens rearrangements are one of the most fascinating chemical bond reorganization strategies in organic chemistry, and they have been demonstrated in a wide range of applications, representing a fundamental reaction tactic for the synthesis of nitrogen compounds in chemical community. However, their applicabilities are limited by the scarcity of efficient, general, and straightforward methods for generating ammonium ylides. Herein, we report a general difluorocarbene-induced tertiary amine-involved [1,2]- and [2,3]-Stevens rearrangements stemmed from in situ generated difluoromethyl ammonium ylides, which allows for the rearrangements of versatile tertiary amines bearing either allyl, benzyl, or propargyl groups, resulting in the corresponding products in one reaction under the same reaction conditions with a general way. Broad substrate scope, simple operation, mild reaction conditions and late-stage modification of natural products highlight the advantages of this strategy, meanwhile, this general rearrangement reaction is believed to bring opportunities for the transformations of nitrogen ylides and the assembly of valuable tertiary amines and amino acids. This will further enrich the reaction repertoire of difluorocarbene species, facilitate the development of reactions involving difluoromethyl ammonium salts, and provide an avenue for the development of this type of rearrangement reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianke Su
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Chengbo Li
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China.
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13
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Zhao C, Gao R, Ma W, Li M, Li Y, Zhang Q, Guan W, Fu J. A facile synthesis of α,β-unsaturated imines via palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4329. [PMID: 38773128 PMCID: PMC11109338 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The dehydrogenation adjacent to an electron-withdrawing group provides an efficient access to α,β-unsaturated compounds that serving as versatile synthons in organic chemistry. However, the α,β-desaturation of aliphatic imines has hitherto proven to be challenging due to easy hydrolysis and preferential dimerization. Herein, by employing a pre-fluorination and palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenation reaction sequence, the abundant simple aliphatic amides are amendable to the rapid construction of complex molecular architectures to produce α,β-unsaturated imines. Mechanistic investigations reveal a Pd(0)/Pd(II) catalytic cycle involving oxidative H-F elimination of N-fluoroamide followed by a smooth α,β-desaturation of the in-situ generated aliphatic imine intermediate. This protocol exhibits excellent functional group tolerance, and even the carbonyl groups are compatible without any competing dehydrogenation, allowing for late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules. The synthetic utility of this transformation has been further demonstrated by a diversity-oriented derivatization and a concise formal synthesis of (±)-alloyohimbane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Rongwan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wenxuan Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Junkai Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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14
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Hu Y, Hervieu C, Merino E, Nevado C. Asymmetric, Remote C(sp 3)-H Arylation via Sulfinyl-Smiles Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319158. [PMID: 38506603 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
An efficient asymmetric remote arylation of C(sp3)-H bonds under photoredox conditions is described here. The reaction features the addition radicals to a double bond followed by a site-selective radical translocation (1,n-hydrogen atom transfer) as well as a stereocontrolled aryl migration via sulfinyl-Smiles rearrangement furnishing a wide range of chiral α-arylated amides with up to >99 : 1 er. Mechanistic studies indicate that the sulfinamide group governs the stereochemistry of the product with the aryl migration being the rate determining step preceded by a kinetically favored 1,n-HAT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Hervieu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Estíbaliz Merino
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR). Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá Alcalá de Henares, 28805, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Wang W, Xuan L, Chen Q, Fan R, Zhao F, Dong J, Wang H, Yan Q, Zhou H, Chen FE. Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Remote C(sp 3)-H Alkylation of N-Fluorocarboxamides with Glycine Derivatives and Peptides. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6307-6316. [PMID: 38381876 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Saturated hydrocarbon bonds are ubiquitous in organic molecules; to date, the selective functionalization of C(sp3)-H bonds continues to pose a notorious difficulty, thereby garnering significant attention from the synthetic chemistry community. During the past several decades, a wide array of powerful new methodologies has been developed to enantioselectively modify C(sp3)-H bonds that is successfully applied in asymmetric formation of diverse bonds, including C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds; nevertheless, the asymmetric C(sp3)-H alkylation is elusive and, therefore, far less explored. In this work, we report a direct and robust strategy to construct highly valuable enantioenriched unnatural α-amino acid (α-AA) cognates and peptides by a copper-catalyzed enantioselective remote C(sp3)-H alkylation of N-fluorocarboxamides and readily accessible glycine esters under ambient conditions. The key to success lies in the optically active Cu catalyst generated through the coordination of glycine derivatives to enantiopure bisphosphine/Cu(I) species, which is beneficial to the single electronic reduction of N-fluorocarboxamides and the subsequent stereodetermining alkylation. More importantly, all types (primary, secondary, tertiary, and even α-oxy) of δ-C(sp3)-H bonds could be site- and stereospecifically activated by the kinetically favored 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (1,5-HAT) step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Liangming Xuan
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Qinlin Chen
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Rundong Fan
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Jianghu Dong
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Qiongjiao Yan
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University (CCNU), Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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16
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Chen P, Ze R, Xia X, Zhang Z, Lu K, Wei L, Zhou B. Composite porphyrin-based conjugated microporous polymer/graphene oxide capable of photo-triggered combinational antibacterial therapy and wound healing. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213662. [PMID: 37862813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Developing antibiotic-free treatment strategies to cope with the crisis on drug-resistant bacteria, are urgently needed. Antibiotics-independent physical approaches, especially the non-invasive phototherapies, worked through the assistance of photosensitizer (PS), have geared intensive attention and interests. Here, composite porphyrin-based conjugated microporous polymer/graphene oxide, denoted as GO-TAPP, combining the advantages of each component perfectly, was developed as broad-spectrum antibacterial agent. GO-TAPP, prepared via the self-oxidation coupling of tetraethynyl porphyrin on the surface of graphene oxide, could exert synergistic photothermal (PTT, ascribed to the graphene) and photodynamic (PDT, derived from the Porphyrin polymer) antimicrobial effectiveness. Both the in vivo and in vitro experiments have confirmed GO-TAPP are extremely potent against the Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) pathogens, which presents a remarkably enhanced sterilizing effect in comparison with its counterparts (the bare GO, and TAPP). Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of GO-TAPP could significantly accelerate the healing of open wound infected by bacterial. Altogether, this work proposed a new approach for the rational preparation of highly biocompatible graphene-based composite materials as antibiotic-free agents with synergistic antibacterial effect to combat bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilei Chen
- Scholl of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Runsong Ze
- Scholl of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Xia
- Scholl of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zifan Zhang
- Scholl of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Keliang Lu
- Scholl of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Liuya Wei
- Scholl of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Baolong Zhou
- Scholl of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, PR China.
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17
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Chun J, Li Y, Xie X, Guo K, Zhao D, Chen K, Zhu Y. Photoinduced Copper-Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Remote Alkynylation via 1,4-Heteroaryl Migration. Org Lett 2023; 25:7739-7744. [PMID: 37851948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A photoinduced copper-catalyzed enantioconvergent remote alkynylation of N-hydroxyphthalimide esters with terminal alkynes via 1,4-heteroaryl migration has been developed. A broad scope of heteroaryl-tethered chiral alkynes has been synthesized with good regio- and enantioselectivities. The chiral-ligand-coordinated copper species plays a dual role as both the photoredox and cross-coupling catalyst. This methodology provides a new platform for enantioconvergent remote alkynylations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Chun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoyuan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingguang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China
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18
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Wei Z, Zheng W, Wan X, Hu J. Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Difluoromethylation-Alkynylation of Olefins by Solving the Dilemma between Acidities and Reduction Potentials of Difluoromethylating Agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308816. [PMID: 37466977 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Molecules containing a difluoromethyl group or a propargylic stereocenter are widely used in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, and 1,2-functionalization of olefins is an important method for introducing the two groups into molecules simultaneously. The construction of the propargylic stereocenter with terminal alkynes usually requires bases. However, difluoromethylating agents with high reduction potentials often decompose in the presence of bases because of their acidities, and those with low reduction potentials are stable but difficult to undergo the desired single electron transfer (SET) reduction. Using the linear relationship between reduction potential differences (ΔE) and Hammett substituent constants (σ) of difluoromethyl aryl sulfones, we solved the dilemma between acidities and reduction potentials of difluoromethylating agents. Herein, we report the first enantioselective difluoromethylation-alkynylation of olefins with difluoromethyl 4-chlorophenyl sulfone with high enantioselectivity (>90 % ee). We also extended this asymmetric fluoroalkylation-alkynylation reaction with other fluoroalkyl sulfones, which enabled efficient installation of trifluoromethyl, difluoroalkyl, difluorobenzyl, (benzenesulfonyl)-difluoromethyl and monofluoromethyl groups into products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Weiqin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaolong Wan
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
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19
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Zhang D, Fan J, Shi Y, Huang Y, Fu C, Wu X, Ma S. Copper-catalyzed propargylic C-H functionalization for allene syntheses. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9191-9196. [PMID: 37655026 PMCID: PMC10466309 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01501g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Allenenitriles bearing different synthetically versatile functional groups have been prepared smoothly from 5-alkynyl fluorosulfonamides in decent yields with an excellent chemo- and regio-selectivity under redox neutral conditions. The resulting allenenitriles can be readily converted to useful functionalized heterocycles. Based on mechanistic study, it is confirmed that this is the first example of radical-based non-activated propargylic C-H functionalization for allene syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
| | - Junjie Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
| | - Yaqi Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
| | - Yankai Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
| | - Chunling Fu
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
| | - Shengming Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 P. R. China
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20
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Du Z, Liu S, Li Y, Peng J, Sun Y, Song Y, Liu Y, Zeng X. Fluoroamide-Directed Regiodivergent C-Alkylation of Nitroalkanes. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37314942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, by exploiting different activation modes of fluoroamides, we achieved α- and δ-C(sp3)-H alkylation of nitroalkanes with switchable regioselectivity. Cu catalysis enabled the interception of a distal C-centered radical by a N-centered radical to couple nitroalkanes and unactivated δ-C-H bonds. In addition, imines generated in situ by fluoroamides were trapped by nitroalkanes to realize the α-C-H alkylation of amides. Both of those scalable protocols have broad substrate scopes and good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Shiwen Liu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Institute of Flexible Functional Materials, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, China
| | - Yuke Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Junjie Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Yanji Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Yanshan Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
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21
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Naskar G, Jeganmohan M. Palladium-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation of Aromatic Amides with Maleimides through Dual C-H Activation. Org Lett 2023; 25:2190-2195. [PMID: 36966393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of substituted aromatic amides with maleimides providing tricyclic heterocyclic molecules in good to moderate yields through weak carbonyl chelation is reported. The reaction proceeds via a dual C-H bond activation where the first C-H activation takes place selectively at the benzylic position followed by a second C-H bond activation at the meta position to afford a five-membered cyclic ring. An external ligand Ac-Gly-OH has been used to succeed in this protocol. A plausible reaction mechanism has been proposed for the [3 + 2] annulation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Naskar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
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22
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Chen X, Lian Z, Kramer S. Enantioselective Intermolecular Radical Amidation and Amination of Benzylic C-H Bonds via Dual Copper and Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217638. [PMID: 36721305 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A method for direct access to enantioenriched benzylic amides and carbamate-protected primary benzylamines by C-H functionalization is reported. The C-H substrate is used as limiting reagent with only a small excess of the unactivated amide or carbamate nucleophile. The enantioselective intermolecular dehydrogenative C-N bond formation is enabled by a combination of a chiral copper catalyst, a photocatalyst, and an oxidant, and it takes place under mild conditions, which allow for a broad substrate scope. The method is compatible with late-stage C-H functionalization, and it provides easy access to 15 N-labeled amides and amines starting from cheap 15 NH4 Cl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Zhong Lian
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, China
| | - Søren Kramer
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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23
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Zeng X, Wang C, Yan W, Rong J, Song Y, Xiao Z, Cai A, Liang SH, Liu W. Aryl Radical Enabled, Copper-Catalyzed Sonogashira-Type Cross-Coupling of Alkynes with Alkyl Iodides. ACS Catal 2023; 13:2761-2770. [PMID: 37800120 PMCID: PMC10552849 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the success of Sonogashira coupling for the synthesis of arylalkynes and conjugated enynes, the engagement of unactivated alkyl halides in such reactions remains historically challenging. We report herein a strategy that merges Cu-catalyzed alkyne transfer with the aryl radical activation of carbon-halide bonds to enable a general approach for the coupling of alkyl iodides with terminal alkynes. This unprecedented Sonogashira-type cross-coupling reaction tolerates a broad range of functional groups and has been applied to the late-stage cross-coupling of densely functionalized pharmaceutical agents as well as the synthesis of positron emission tomography tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Wenhao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yanshan Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Zhiwei Xiao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Aijie Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Steven H Liang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
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24
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Lu T, Wang B, Chang W, Liu L, Li J. N-Fluorobenzamide-Directed Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition Reaction with Maleic Anhydride: Access to Fluorescent Aminonaphthalic Anhydrides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:818-827. [PMID: 36660857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a formal [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of N-fluorobenzamides and maleic anhydride in the presence of CuI and LiOH, and a series of fluorescent 1-amino-2,3-naphthalic anhydrides were produced in good yields. This reaction proceeded via a multistep process involving nitrogen-centered radical generation, 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer, and benzylic radical addition to the amide carbonyl oxygen to generate an N-(tert-butyl) isobenzofuran-1(3H)-imine intermediate, which isomerized to an N-(tert-butyl) isobenzofuran-1-amine via deprotonation and protonation with the aid of LiOH; finally, the amine underwent a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction with maleic anhydride to give the 1-amino-2,3-naphthalic anhydride product upon dehydrating aromatization. Notably, the corresponding naphthalic anhydride products could be transformed into a diverse array of naphthalimides. Both the naphthalic anhydrides and the naphthalimides exhibited similar fluorescent features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Boyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Weixing Chang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Weijin Road 94#, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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25
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Su J, Li C, Hu X, Guo Y, Song Q. Deaminative Arylation and Alkenyaltion of Aliphatic Tertiary Amines with Aryl and Alkenylboronic Acids via Nitrogen Ylides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212740. [PMID: 36314477 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling has significantly advanced C-C bond formation and has been well recognized in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, materials science and other fields. In this rapid development, cross coupling without transition metal catalyst is a big challenge in this field, and using widely existing tertiary amines as electrophiles to directly couple with boronic acids has great hurdles yet significant application prospects. Herein, we report an efficient and general deaminative arylation and alkenylation of tertiary amines (propargyl amines, allyl amines and 1H-indol-3-yl methane amines) with ary and alkenylboronic acids enabled by difluorocarbene under transition-metal-free conditions. Preliminary mechanism experiments suggest that in situ formed difluoromethyl quaternary amine salt, nitrogen ylide and tetracoordinate boron species are the key intermediates, the subsequent 1,2-metallate shift and protodeboronation complete the new coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianke Su
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Chengbo Li
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Xinyuan Hu
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Material Sciences Engineering at Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
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26
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Divergent regioselective Heck-type reaction of unactivated alkenes and N-fluoro-sulfonamides. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6297. [PMID: 36272976 PMCID: PMC9588056 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33996-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of regioselectivity in Heck-type reaction of unactivated alkenes represents a longstanding challenge due to several detachable hydrogens in β–H elimination step, which generally afford either one specific regioisomer or a mixture. Herein, a copper-catalyzed intermolecular Heck-type reaction of unactivated alkenes and N-fluoro-sulfonamides with divergent regioselectivities is reported. The complete switch of regioselectivity mainly depends on the choice of different additives. Employment of alcohol solvent gives access to vinyl products, while the addition of carboxylate leads to the formation of allylic products. In addition, exclusion of these two promoting factors results in β-lactams via a C–N reductive elimination. This protocol shows a broad substrate scope for both alkenes and structurally diverse N-fluoro-sulfonamides, producing the corresponding products with excellent regio- and stereoselectivities. Further control experiments and DFT calculations provide in-depth insights into the reaction mechanism, highlighting the distinct effect of the additives on a bidentate auxiliary-stabilized Cu(III) intermediate. The control of regioselectivity in Heck-type reactions of unactivated alkenes is challenging. Here, the authors realize regiodivergent Heck-type reactions of unactivated alkenes and N-fluoro-sulfonamides.
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27
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Dong XY, Li ZL, Gu QS, Liu XY. Ligand Development for Copper-Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Radical Cross-Coupling of Racemic Alkyl Halides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17319-17329. [PMID: 36048164 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The enantioconvergent cross-coupling of racemic alkyl halides represents a powerful tool for the synthesis of enantioenriched molecules. In this regard, the first-row transition metal catalysis provides a suitable mechanism for stereoconvergence by converting racemic alkyl halides to prochiral radical intermediates owing to their good single-electron transfer ability. In contrast to the noble development of chiral nickel catalyst, copper-catalyzed enantioconvergent radical cross-coupling of alkyl halides is less studied. Besides the enantiocontrol issue, the major challenge arises from the weak reducing capability of copper that slows the reaction initiation. Recently, significant efforts have been dedicated to basic research aimed at developing chiral ligands for copper-catalyzed enantioconvergent radical cross-coupling of racemic alkyl halides. This perspective will discuss the advances in this burgeoning area with particular emphasis on the strategic chiral anionic ligand design to tune the reducing capability of copper for the reaction initiation under thermal conditions from our research group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Dong
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qiang-Shuai Gu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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28
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Guo R, Xiao H, Li S, Luo Y, Bai J, Zhang M, Guo Y, Qi X, Zhang G. Photoinduced Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric C(sp
3
)−H Alkynylation of Cyclic Amines by Intramolecular 1,5‐Hydrogen Atom Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208232. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health College of Chemistry Central China Normal University (CCNU) 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Haijing Xiao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health College of Chemistry Central China Normal University (CCNU) 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
| | - Sijia Li
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health College of Chemistry Central China Normal University (CCNU) 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
| | - Yixin Luo
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Mengzhen Zhang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health College of Chemistry Central China Normal University (CCNU) 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
| | - Yinlong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 P. R. China
| | - Guozhu Zhang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health College of Chemistry Central China Normal University (CCNU) 152 Luoyu Road Wuhan Hubei 430079 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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29
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Cheng S, Li Q, Cheng X, Lin Y, Gong L. Recent Advances in Asymmetric Transformations of Unactivated Alkanes and Cycloalkanes through Direct C–H Functionalization. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Qianyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Xiuliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Yu‐Mei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Lei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005 China
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30
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Yu F, Tao R, Su Y, Liu G, Huang Z. Undirected, Asymmetric Alkyl Group Functionalizations through Alkane Dehydrogenation. Org Lett 2022; 24:4563-4568. [PMID: 35724678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Direct asymmetric alkyl group functionalizations can potentially convert abundant and inexpensive hydrocarbon feedstocks into value-added chiral fine chemicals. Here, we report a one-pot, dehydrogenation-based strategy for enantioselective formal benzylic C(sp3)-H bond borylation. Dehydrogenation of alkylarenes by a pincer-Ir complex produces aryl alkenes via a tandem dehydrogenation/alkene-isomerization catalysis. The subsequent Cu-catalyzed asymmetric alkene hydroboration affords benzylic boronate esters with excellent site- and enantioselectivity. The generality of this strategy has been further demonstrated by asymmetric alkyl group amination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yu
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renqing Tao
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiting Su
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
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31
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Guo R, Xiao H, Li S, Luo Y, Bai J, Zhang M, Qi X, Guo Y, Zhang G. Photoinduced Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric C(sp3)‐H Alkynylation of Cyclic Amines by Intramolecular 1,5‐Hydrogen Atom Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry State Key Laborary of Organometallic Chemistry CHINA
| | - Haijing Xiao
- Central China Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Sijia Li
- Central China Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Yixin Luo
- Wuhan University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jiahui Bai
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry State Key Laborary of Organometallic Chemistry CHINA
| | - Mengzhen Zhang
- Central China Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Wuhan University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Yinlong Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry State Key Laborary of Organometallic Chemistry CHINA
| | - Guozhu Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chemistry 345 Lingling Rd 200032 Shanghai CHINA
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32
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Chen X, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Niu ZJ, Shi WY, Gong XP, Jiao RQ, Gao MH, Liu XY, Liang YM. Copper-Catalyzed Hydrogen Atom Transfer and Aryl Migration Strategy for the Arylalkylation of Activated Alkenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:4338-4343. [PMID: 35687371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the copper-catalyzed arylalkylation of activated alkenes via hydrogen-atom transfer and aryl migration strategy. The reaction was carried out through a radical-mediated continuous migration pathway using N-fluorosulfonamides as the alkyl source. The primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl radicals formed by intramolecular hydrogen-atom transfer proceeded smoothly. This methodology is an efficient approach for the synthesis of various amide derivatives possessing a quaternary carbon center with good yields and high regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jie Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Qiang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
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33
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Rui J, Zhao Q, Huls AJ, Soler J, Paris JC, Chen Z, Reshetnikov V, Yang Y, Guo Y, Garcia-Borràs M, Huang X. Directed evolution of nonheme iron enzymes to access abiological radical-relay C(sp 3)-H azidation. Science 2022; 376:869-874. [PMID: 35587977 PMCID: PMC9933208 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj2830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We report the reprogramming of nonheme iron enzymes to catalyze an abiological C(sp3)‒H azidation reaction through iron-catalyzed radical relay. This biocatalytic transformation uses amidyl radicals as hydrogen atom abstractors and Fe(III)‒N3 intermediates as radical trapping agents. We established a high-throughput screening platform based on click chemistry for rapid evolution of the catalytic performance of identified enzymes. The final optimized variants deliver a range of azidation products with up to 10,600 total turnovers and 93% enantiomeric excess. Given the prevalence of radical relay reactions in organic synthesis and the diversity of nonheme iron enzymes, we envision that this discovery will stimulate future development of metalloenzyme catalysts for synthetically useful transformations unexplored by natural evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Rui
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Anthony J. Huls
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jordi Soler
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jared C. Paris
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Zhenhong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Viktor Reshetnikov
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Yunfang Yang
- College of Chemical Enginering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yisong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA,Corresponding author. (X.H.); (M.G.B.); (Y.G.)
| | - Marc Garcia-Borràs
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia, Spain,Corresponding author. (X.H.); (M.G.B.); (Y.G.)
| | - Xiongyi Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Corresponding author. (X.H.); (M.G.B.); (Y.G.)
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34
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Wu D, Wu L, Chen P, Liu G. Asymmetric Alkynylation of Tertiary
Carbon‐Centered
Radical via
Copper‐Catalyzed
Radical Relay. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dunqi Wu
- Chang‐Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062
| | - Lianqian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032
| | - Pinhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032
| | - Guosheng Liu
- Chang‐Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032
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35
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Wen YT, Kong XT, Liu HC, Wang CT, Wei WX, Wang B, Liu XY, Liang YM. Ni-Catalyzed Remote Radical/Cross-Electrophile Coupling Cascade for Selective C(sp 3)-H Arylation. Org Lett 2022; 24:2399-2403. [PMID: 35312326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An innovative 1,5-HAT cascade strategy has been advanced for the nickel-catalyzed distal arylation via cross-electrophile coupling. Through specific migration, the remote C(sp3)-H bond is regioselectively activated, and Ar-I as the available electrophile is used for the construction of the C(sp3)-C(sp2) bond. This method also has broad applicability for benzylic and aliphatic N-fluorocarboxamides with yields up to 80%. Furthermore, a series of control experiments demonstrated that this reaction is probably initiated by a radical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiang-Tao Kong
- Henan Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Hong-Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cui-Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wan-Xu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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36
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Hu QP, Liu YT, Liu YZ, Pan F. Photoinduced remote regioselective radical alkynylation of unactivated C-H bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2295-2298. [PMID: 35075463 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06885g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A method for the remote regioselective alkynylation of unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds in diverse aliphatic amides by photogenerated amidyl radicals has been developed. The site-selectivity is dominated via a 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process of the amide. Mild reaction conditions and high regioselectivity are demonstrated in this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qu-Ping Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Tao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, P. R. China.
| | - Yong-Ze Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, P. R. China.
| | - Fei Pan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, P. R. China.
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37
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Zhang Z, Chen P, Liu G. Copper-catalyzed radical relay in C(sp 3)-H functionalization. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1640-1658. [PMID: 35142305 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00727k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Radical-involved transition metal (TM) catalysis has greatly enabled new reactivities in recent decades. Copper-catalyzed radical relay offers enormous potential in C(sp3)-H functionalization which combines the unique regioselectivity of hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and the versatility of copper-catalyzed cross-coupling. More importantly, significant progress has been achieved in asymmetric C-H functionalization through judicious ligand design. This tutorial review will highlight the recent advances in this rapidly growing area, and we hope this survey will inspire future strategic developments for selective C(sp3)-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Pinhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Guosheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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38
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Wang X, Xue Y, Hu W, Shi L, Zhu X, Hao XQ, Song MP. Cu(II)-Catalyzed N-Directed Distal C(sp 3)-H Heteroarylation of Aliphatic N-Fluorosulfonamides. Org Lett 2022; 24:1055-1059. [PMID: 35080894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed δ-regioselective C(sp3)-H heteroarylation of N-fluorosulfonamides has been developed. A broad range of heteroarenes were well tolerated and reacted with various N-fluorosulfonamides to give the corresponding heteroarylated amides in good yields. Notably, all types (1°, 2°, and 3°) of δ-C(sp3)-H bonds in the N-fluorosulfonamides could be regioselectively activated through the 1,5-HAT process. This protocol provides a practical strategy for the functionalization of heteroarenes and amides via forging a C(sp3)-C(sp2) bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Xue
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Weinan Hu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Shi
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xinju Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Mao-Ping Song
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
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39
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Man Y, Liu S, Xu B, Zeng X. N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed C-H Acylation via Radical Relay. Org Lett 2022; 24:944-948. [PMID: 35049310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A method of N-fluorocarboxamide-directed N-heterocyclic-carbene (NHC)-catalyzed benzylic C-H acylation with aldehydes via the hydrogen atom transfer strategy is disclosed. This transformation involves a sequence of single-electron transfer, 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer, and radical cross-coupling steps. This method offers facile access to various highly functionalized ketones and exhibits good chemical yields and functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunquan Man
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shiwen Liu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Institute of Flexible Functional Materials, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- The College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
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40
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Abstract
The majority of medicines contain a nitrogen atom within a five- or six- membered ring. To rapidly access both such aza-heterocycles, we sought to develop a remote C-H desaturation of amines. Inspired by the Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag synthesis of five-membered pyrrolidines, we tackled the century-old challenge of synthesizing six-membered piperidines by H-atom transfer. We present herein a double, vicinal C-H oxidation by dual catalysis, entailing Ir photocatalytic initiation of 1,5-HAT by an N-centered radical and Cu-catalyzed interception of the C-centered radical to facilitate desaturation. By this mechanism, two C-H bonds (δ and ε to N) are regioselectively removed from unbiased, remote positions of an alkyl chain. Over 50 examples illustrate efficiency, selectivity, functional group tolerance, and medicinal utility of this synthesis of both internal and terminal δ vinylic amines and aza-heterocycles. Mechanistic experiments probe the alkylcopper intermediate, as well as kinetics and regioselectivity of the HAT and elimination steps.
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41
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Ma L, Wei X, Zhao Z, Zhao A, Deng X, Huo B, Ma G, Zhang C. Theoretical Study on the Catalytic Mechanism of Copper with Various Valence for the Terminal Alkyne Coupling Reaction. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202112041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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42
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Zhang S, Dong S, Cheng X, Ye Z, Lin L, Zhu J, Gong L. Chiral polycyclic benzosultams from photocatalytic diastereo- and enantioselective benzylic C–H functionalization. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01491b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic diastereo- and enantioselective C(sp3)–H functionalization/intramolecular cyclization reactions have been achieved, delivering optically active polycyclic benzosultams and fused tetrahydroisoquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shicheng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiuliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ziqi Ye
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
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43
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Wei H, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Gao S, Wang T, Zhao M, Wei P, Wang M. Copper-catalyzed intramolecular iminolactonization cyclization reactions of remote C(sp 3)–H bonds in carboxamides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:8912-8916. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01711c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient synthetic method for iminolactones by copper-catalyzed intramolecular C(sp3)–H bond functionalization of carboxamides via a cascade process is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Shuo Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Pifeng Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
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44
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Dolbier W, Wei S, Le S, Lei Z, Zhou L, Zhang Z. Difluoromethylarylation of α, β- Unsaturated Amides via a Photocatalytic Radical Smiles Rearrangement. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2064-2068. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A photocatalytic Smiles rearrangement, triggered by radical difluoromethylation of conjugated arylsulfonylated amides, was developed to construct both β-difluoromethyl amide and heterocyclic scaffolds selectively. This transformation features mild conditions and broad...
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45
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Zhong LJ, Lv GF, Ouyang XH, Li Y, Li JH. Copper-Catalyzed Fluoroamide-Directed Remote Benzylic C-H Olefination: Facile Access to Internal Alkenes. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00822j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A general, site-selective copper-catalyzed fluoroamide-directed remote benzylic C-H olefination of N-fluoroamides with terminal alkenes for producing internal alkenes is disclosed. This protocol proceeds via a hybrid Cu-radical mechanism, which synergistically...
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46
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Zhong LJ, Xiong ZQ, Ouyang XH, Li Y, Song RJ, Sun Q, Lu X, Li JH. Intermolecular 1,2-Difunctionalization of Alkenes Enabled by Fluoroamide-Directed Remote Benzyl C(sp 3)-H Functionalization. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 144:339-348. [PMID: 34935377 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed remote benzylic C-H functionalization strategy enabling 1,2-difunctionalization of alkenes with 2-methylbenzeneamides and nucleophiles, including alcohols, indoles, pyrroles, and the intrinsic amino groups, is reported, which is characterized by its redox-neutral conditions, exquisite site-selectivity, broad substrate scope, and wide utilizations of late-stage modifying bioactive molecules. This reaction proceeds through nitrogen-centered radical generation, hydrogen atom transfer, benzylic radical addition across the alkenes, single-electron oxidation, and carbocation electrophilic course cascades. While using external nucleophiles manipulates three-component alkene alkylalkoxylation and alkyl-heteroarylation with 2-methylbenzeneamides to access dialkyl ethers, 3-alkylindoles, and 3-alkylpyrroles, omitting the external nucleophiles results in two-component alkylamidation ([5+2] annulation) of alkenes with 2-methylbenzeneamides to benzo-[f][1,2]thiazepine 1,1-dioxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Jin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Xuan-Hui Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Ren-Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 475004, China
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47
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Liu L, Guo K, Tian Y, Yang C, Gu Q, Li Z, Ye L, Liu X. Copper‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Enantioselective Radical Oxidative C(sp
3
)−H/C(sp)−H Cross‐Coupling with Rationally Designed Oxazoline‐Derived N,N,P(O)‐Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Kai‐Xin Guo
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yu Tian
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Chang‐Jiang Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Qiang‐Shuai Gu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Zhong‐Liang Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Liu Ye
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xin‐Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
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48
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Liu L, Guo KX, Tian Y, Yang CJ, Gu QS, Li ZL, Ye L, Liu XY. Copper-Catalyzed Intermolecular Enantioselective Radical Oxidative C(sp 3 )-H/C(sp)-H Cross-Coupling with Rationally Designed Oxazoline-Derived N,N,P(O)-Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26710-26717. [PMID: 34606167 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The intermolecular asymmetric radical oxidative C(sp3 )-C(sp) cross-coupling of C(sp3 )-H bonds with readily available terminal alkynes is a promising method to forge chiral C(sp3 )-C(sp) bonds because of the high atom and step economy, but remains underexplored. Here, we report a copper-catalyzed asymmetric C(sp3 )-C(sp) cross-coupling of (hetero)benzylic and (cyclic)allylic C-H bonds with terminal alkynes that occurs with high to excellent enantioselectivity. Critical to the success is the rational design of chiral oxazoline-derived N,N,P(O)-ligands that not only tolerate the strong oxidative conditions which are requisite for intermolecular hydrogen atom abstraction (HAA) processes but also induce the challenging enantiocontrol. Direct access to a range of synthetically useful chiral benzylic alkynes and 1,4-enynes, high site-selectivity among similar C(sp3 )-H bonds, and facile synthesis of enantioenriched medicinally relevant compounds make this approach very attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kai-Xin Guo
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qiang-Shuai Gu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liu Ye
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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49
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Abstract
Desaturation of inert aliphatic C-H bonds in alkanes to form the corresponding alkenes is challenging. In this communication, a new and practical strategy for remote site-selective desaturation of amides via radical chemistry is reported. The readily installed N-allylsulfonylamide moiety serves as an N radical precursor. Intramolecular 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer from an inert C-H bond to the N-radical generates a translocated C-radical which is subsequently oxidized and deprotonated to give the corresponding alkene. The commercially available methanesulfonyl chloride is used as reagent and a Cu/Ag-couple as oxidant. The remote desaturation is realized on different types of unactivated sp3 -C-H bonds. The potential synthetic utility of this method is further demonstrated by the dehydrogenation of natural product derivatives and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing UniversityNo.55 University Town South Road, Shapingba DistrictChongqing400044P. R. China
| | - Kalipada Jana
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
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50
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Ponikiewski Ł, Sowa S. Ring Opening of Triflates Derived from Benzophospholan-3-one Oxides by Aryl Grignard Reagents as a Route to 2-Ethynylphenyl(diaryl)phosphine Oxides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:14928-14941. [PMID: 34699223 PMCID: PMC8576819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new simple method for the synthesis of 2-ethynylphenyl(diaryl)phosphine oxides via ring opening of benzophosphol-3-yl triflates has been developed. This process occurs via nucleophilic attack of a Grignard reagent at the phosphorus center, which results in ring opening and cleavage of a leaving group. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and, within 15-60 min, leads to a library of previously unavailable 2-ethynylphenylphosphine oxides in yields up to 98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Ponikiewski
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Gdańsk PL-80-233, Poland
| | - Sylwia Sowa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Marie Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, 33 Gliniana Street, Lublin PL-20-614, Poland
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