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Hagemann JR, Lamy F, Arz HW, Lembke-Jene L, Auderset A, Harada N, Ho SL, Iwasaki S, Kaiser J, Lange CB, Murayama M, Nagashima K, Nowaczyk N, Martínez-García A, Tiedemann R. A marine record of Patagonian ice sheet changes over the past 140,000 years. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2302983121. [PMID: 38437529 PMCID: PMC10962970 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302983121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial glacial records from the Patagonian Andes and New Zealand Alps document quasi-synchronous Southern Hemisphere-wide glacier advances during the late Quaternary. However, these records are inherently incomplete. Here, we provide a continuous marine record of western-central Patagonian ice sheet (PIS) extent over a complete glacial-interglacial cycle back into the penultimate glacial (~140 ka). Sediment core MR16-09 PC03, located at 46°S and ~150 km offshore Chile, received high terrestrial sediment and meltwater input when the central PIS extended westward. We use biomarkers, foraminiferal oxygen isotopes, and major elemental data to reconstruct terrestrial sediment and freshwater input related to PIS variations. Our sediment record documents three intervals of general PIS marginal fluctuations, during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 (140 to 135 ka), MIS 4 (~70 to 60 ka), and late MIS 3 to MIS 2 (~40 to 18 ka). These higher terrigenous input intervals occurred during sea-level low stands, when the western PIS covered most of the Chilean fjords, which today retain glaciofluvial sediments. During these intervals, high-amplitude phases of enhanced sediment supply occur at millennial timescales, reflecting increased ice discharge most likely due to a growing PIS. We assign the late MIS 3 to MIS 2 phases and, by inference, older advances to Antarctic cold stages. We conclude that the increased sediment/meltwater release during Southern Hemisphere millennial-scale cold phases was likely related to higher precipitation caused by enhanced westerly winds at the northwestern margin of the PIS. Our records complement terrestrial archives and provide evidence for PIS climate sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R. Hagemann
- Division of Geoscience, Marine Geology Section, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven27570, Germany
- Department of Climate Geochemistry, Organic Isotope Geochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz55128, Germany
| | - Frank Lamy
- Division of Geoscience, Marine Geology Section, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven27570, Germany
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen28359, Germany
| | - Helge W. Arz
- Department of Marine Geology, Paleoceanography and Sedimentology Group, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock18119, Germany
| | - Lester Lembke-Jene
- Division of Geoscience, Marine Geology Section, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven27570, Germany
| | - Alexandra Auderset
- Department of Climate Geochemistry, Organic Isotope Geochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz55128, Germany
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Harada
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, Center for International and Local Research Cooperation, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa277-8564, Japan
- Research Institute for Global Change, Earth Surface System Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka237-0061, Japan
| | - Sze Ling Ho
- Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan
| | - Shinya Iwasaki
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-0810, Japan
| | - Jérôme Kaiser
- Department of Marine Geology, Paleoceanography and Sedimentology Group, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock18119, Germany
| | - Carina B. Lange
- Departamento de Oceanografía & Centro de Investigación Oceanográfica en el Pacífico Suroriental (Coastal), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción4030000, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes, Universidad Austral de Chile,Valdivia5110566, Chile
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA92037, United States
| | - Masafumi Murayama
- Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi783-8502, Japan
- Center for Advanced Marine Core Research, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi783-8502, Japan
| | - Kana Nagashima
- Research Institute for Global Change, Earth Surface System Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka237-0061, Japan
| | - Norbert Nowaczyk
- Department of Geosystems, Section of Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam14473, Germany
| | - Alfredo Martínez-García
- Department of Climate Geochemistry, Organic Isotope Geochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz55128, Germany
| | - Ralf Tiedemann
- Division of Geoscience, Marine Geology Section, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven27570, Germany
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen28359, Germany
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2
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Dutkiewicz A, Boulila S, Dietmar Müller R. Deep-sea hiatus record reveals orbital pacing by 2.4 Myr eccentricity grand cycles. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1998. [PMID: 38472187 PMCID: PMC10933315 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Astronomical forcing of Earth's climate is embedded in the rhythms of stratigraphic records, most famously as short-period (104-105 year) Milankovitch cycles. Astronomical grand cycles with periods of millions of years also modulate climate variability but have been detected in relatively few proxy records. Here, we apply spectral analysis to a dataset of Cenozoic deep-sea hiatuses to reveal a ~2.4 Myr eccentricity signal, disrupted by episodes of major tectonic forcing. We propose that maxima in the hiatus cycles correspond to orbitally-forced intensification of deep-water circulation and erosive bottom current activity, linked to eccentricity maxima and peaks in insolation and seasonality. A prominent episode of cyclicity disturbance coincides with the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) at ~56 Myr ago, and correlates with a chaotic orbital transition in the Solar System evident in several astronomical solutions. This hints at a potential intriguing coupling between the PETM and Solar System chaos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Dutkiewicz
- EarthByte Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Slah Boulila
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des Sciences de la Terre Paris, ISTeP, 75005, Paris, France
- ASD/IMCCE, CNRS‑UMR8028, Observatoire de Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, 75014, Paris, France
| | - R Dietmar Müller
- EarthByte Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Lamy F, Winckler G, Arz HW, Farmer JR, Gottschalk J, Lembke-Jene L, Middleton JL, van der Does M, Tiedemann R, Alvarez Zarikian C, Basak C, Brombacher A, Dumm L, Esper OM, Herbert LC, Iwasaki S, Kreps G, Lawson VJ, Lo L, Malinverno E, Martinez-Garcia A, Michel E, Moretti S, Moy CM, Ravelo AC, Riesselman CR, Saavedra-Pellitero M, Sadatzki H, Seo I, Singh RK, Smith RA, Souza AL, Stoner JS, Toyos M, de Oliveira IMVP, Wan S, Wu S, Zhao X. Five million years of Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength variability. Nature 2024; 627:789-796. [PMID: 38538940 PMCID: PMC10972744 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07143-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) represents the world's largest ocean-current system and affects global ocean circulation, climate and Antarctic ice-sheet stability1-3. Today, ACC dynamics are controlled by atmospheric forcing, oceanic density gradients and eddy activity4. Whereas palaeoceanographic reconstructions exhibit regional heterogeneity in ACC position and strength over Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles5-8, the long-term evolution of the ACC is poorly known. Here we document changes in ACC strength from sediment cores in the Pacific Southern Ocean. We find no linear long-term trend in ACC flow since 5.3 million years ago (Ma), in contrast to global cooling9 and increasing global ice volume10. Instead, we observe a reversal on a million-year timescale, from increasing ACC strength during Pliocene global cooling to a subsequent decrease with further Early Pleistocene cooling. This shift in the ACC regime coincided with a Southern Ocean reconfiguration that altered the sensitivity of the ACC to atmospheric and oceanic forcings11-13. We find ACC strength changes to be closely linked to 400,000-year eccentricity cycles, probably originating from modulation of precessional changes in the South Pacific jet stream linked to tropical Pacific temperature variability14. A persistent link between weaker ACC flow, equatorward-shifted opal deposition and reduced atmospheric CO2 during glacial periods first emerged during the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT). The strongest ACC flow occurred during warmer-than-present intervals of the Plio-Pleistocene, providing evidence of potentially increasing ACC flow with future climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Lamy
- Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Gisela Winckler
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Climate School, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helge W Arz
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jesse R Farmer
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lester Lembke-Jene
- Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jennifer L Middleton
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Climate School, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
| | - Michèlle van der Does
- Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Ralf Tiedemann
- Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Chandranath Basak
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Anieke Brombacher
- Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Oliver M Esper
- Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Lisa C Herbert
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Shinya Iwasaki
- Research and Development Center for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Gaston Kreps
- Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Vera J Lawson
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Li Lo
- Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Elisa Malinverno
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elisabeth Michel
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Simone Moretti
- Climate Geochemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Ana Christina Ravelo
- Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Henrik Sadatzki
- Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Inah Seo
- Global Ocean Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Raj K Singh
- School of Earth, Ocean and Climate Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rebecca A Smith
- Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Alexandre L Souza
- Department of Geology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joseph S Stoner
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Maria Toyos
- Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Igor M Venancio P de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Geochemistry, Department of Geochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Sui Wan
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhuang Wu
- Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Geoscience Group, National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan
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Grattepanche JD, Jeffrey WH, Gast RJ, Sanders RW. Diversity of Microbial Eukaryotes Along the West Antarctic Peninsula in Austral Spring. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:844856. [PMID: 35651490 PMCID: PMC9149413 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.844856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During a cruise from October to November 2019, along the West Antarctic Peninsula, between 64.32 and 68.37°S, we assessed the diversity and composition of the active microbial eukaryotic community within three size fractions: micro- (> 20 μm), nano- (20-5 μm), and pico-size fractions (5-0.2 μm). The communities and the environmental parameters displayed latitudinal gradients, and we observed a strong similarity in the microbial eukaryotic communities as well as the environmental parameters between the sub-surface and the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) depths. Chlorophyll concentrations were low, and the mixed layer was shallow for most of the 17 stations sampled. The richness of the microplankton was higher in Marguerite Bay (our southernmost stations), compared to more northern stations, while the diversity for the nano- and pico-plankton was relatively stable across latitude. The microplankton communities were dominated by autotrophs, mostly diatoms, while mixotrophs (phototrophs-consuming bacteria and kleptoplastidic ciliates, mostly alveolates, and cryptophytes) were the most abundant and active members of the nano- and picoplankton communities. While phototrophy was the dominant trophic mode, heterotrophy (mixotrophy, phagotrophy, and parasitism) tended to increase southward. The samples from Marguerite Bay showed a distinct community with a high diversity of nanoplankton predators, including spirotrich ciliates, and dinoflagellates, while cryptophytes were observed elsewhere. Some lineages were significantly related-either positively or negatively-to ice coverage (e.g., positive for Pelagophyceae, negative for Spirotrichea) and temperature (e.g., positive for Cryptophyceae, negative for Spirotrichea). This suggests that climate changes will have a strong impact on the microbial eukaryotic community.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wade H. Jeffrey
- Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, United States
| | - Rebecca J. Gast
- Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Pensacola, MA, United States
| | - Robert W. Sanders
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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