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Yang S, Lin Z, Wang X, Huang J, Yang R, Chen Z, Jia Y, Zeng Z, Cao Z, Zhu H, Hu Y, Li E, Chen H, Wang T, Deng S, Gui X. Stretchable, Transparent, and Ultra-Broadband Terahertz Shielding Thin Films Based on Wrinkled MXene Architectures. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:165. [PMID: 38564038 PMCID: PMC10987438 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01365-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for terahertz (THz) technology in security inspection, medical imaging, and flexible electronics, there is a significant need for stretchable and transparent THz electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. Existing EMI shielding materials, like opaque metals and carbon-based films, face challenges in achieving both high transparency and high shielding efficiency (SE). Here, a wrinkled structure strategy was proposed to construct ultra-thin, stretchable, and transparent terahertz shielding MXene films, which possesses both isotropous wrinkles (height about 50 nm) and periodic wrinkles (height about 500 nm). Compared to flat film, the wrinkled MXene film (8 nm) demonstrates a remarkable 36.5% increase in SE within the THz band. The wrinkled MXene film exhibits an EMI SE of 21.1 dB at the thickness of 100 nm, and an average EMI SE/t of 700 dB μm-1 over the 0.1-10 THz. Theoretical calculations suggest that the wrinkled structure enhances the film's conductivity and surface plasmon resonances, resulting in an improved THz wave absorption. Additionally, the wrinkled structure enhances the MXene films' stretchability and stability. After bending and stretching (at 30% strain) cycles, the average THz transmittance of the wrinkled film is only 0.5% and 2.4%, respectively. The outstanding performances of the wrinkled MXene film make it a promising THz electromagnetic shielding materials for future smart windows and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Ximiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zibo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Jia
- China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaolong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjia Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Yougen Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Enen Li
- GBA Branch of Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510700, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Terahertz Quantum Electromagnetics, Guangzhou, 510700, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianwu Wang
- GBA Branch of Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510700, People's Republic of China.
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Terahertz Quantum Electromagnetics, Guangzhou, 510700, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shaozhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuchun Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
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Kim SI, Moon JY, Hyeong SK, Ghods S, Kim JS, Choi JH, Park DS, Bae S, Cho SH, Lee SK, Lee JH. Float-stacked graphene-PMMA laminate. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2172. [PMID: 38467601 PMCID: PMC10928174 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46502-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Semi-infinite single-atom-thick graphene is an ideal reinforcing material that can simultaneously improve the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of matrix. Here, we present a float-stacking strategy to accurately align the monolayer graphene reinforcement in polymer matrix. We float graphene-poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) membrane (GPM) at the water-air interface, and wind-up layer-by-layer by roller. During the stacking process, the inherent water meniscus continuously induces web tension of the GPM, suppressing wrinkle and folding generation. Moreover, rolling-up and hot-rolling mill process above the glass transition temperature of PMMA induces conformal contact between each layer. This allows for pre-tension of the composite, maximizing its reinforcing efficiency. The number and spacing of the embedded graphene fillers are precisely controlled. Notably, we accurately align 100 layers of monolayer graphene in a PMMA matrix with the same intervals to achieve a specific strength of about 118.5 MPa g-1 cm3, which is higher than that of lightweight Al alloy, and a thermal conductivity of about 4.00 W m-1 K-1, which is increased by about 2,000 %, compared to the PMMA film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Il Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, 63105, USA
| | - Ji-Yun Moon
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, 63105, USA
| | - Seok-Ki Hyeong
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Functional Composite Materials Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju, 55324, Korea
| | - Soheil Ghods
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Jin-Su Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Jun-Hui Choi
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Dong Seop Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Sukang Bae
- Functional Composite Materials Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju, 55324, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Cho
- A Development Team, Samsung Display, Asan, 31454, Korea.
| | - Seoung-Ki Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
- Functional Composite Materials Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju, 55324, Korea.
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3
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Isari AA, Ghaffarkhah A, Hashemi SA, Wuttke S, Arjmand M. Structural Design for EMI Shielding: From Underlying Mechanisms to Common Pitfalls. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2310683. [PMID: 38467559 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Modern human civilization deeply relies on the rapid advancement of cutting-edge electronic systems that have revolutionized communication, education, aviation, and entertainment. However, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by digital systems poses a significant threat to the society, potentially leading to a future crisis. While numerous efforts are made to develop nanotechnological shielding systems to mitigate the detrimental effects of EMI, there is limited focus on creating absorption-dominant shielding solutions. Achieving absorption-dominant EMI shields requires careful structural design engineering, starting from the smallest components and considering the most effective electromagnetic wave attenuating factors. This review offers a comprehensive overview of shielding structures, emphasizing the critical elements of absorption-dominant shielding design, shielding mechanisms, limitations of both traditional and nanotechnological EMI shields, and common misconceptions about the foundational principles of EMI shielding science. This systematic review serves as a scientific guide for designing shielding structures that prioritize absorption, highlighting an often-overlooked aspect of shielding science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Isari
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ahmadreza Ghaffarkhah
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Seyyed Alireza Hashemi
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Stefan Wuttke
- Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures (BCMaterials), Bld. Martina Casiano, 3rd. Floor UPV/EHU Science Park Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
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Hong X, Xu Z, Lv ZP, Lin Z, Ahmadi M, Cui L, Liljeström V, Dudko V, Sheng J, Cui X, Tsapenko AP, Breu J, Sun Z, Zhang Q, Kauppinen E, Peng B, Ikkala O. High-permittivity Solvents Increase MXene Stability and Stacking Order Enabling Ultraefficient Terahertz Shielding. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305099. [PMID: 38044310 PMCID: PMC10837367 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) suggest an uncommonly broad combination of important functionalities amongst 2D materials. Nevertheless, MXene suffers from facile oxidation and colloidal instability upon conventional water-based processing, thus limiting applicability. By experiments and theory, It is suggested that for stability and dispersibility, it is critical to select uncommonly high permittivity solvents such as N-methylformamide (NMF) and formamide (FA) (εr = 171, 109), unlike the classical solvents characterized by high dipole moment and polarity index. They also allow high MXene stacking order within thin films on carbon nanotube (CNT) substrates, showing very high Terahertz (THz) shielding effectiveness (SE) of 40-60 dB at 0.3-1.6 THz in spite of the film thinness < 2 µm. The stacking order and mesoscopic porosity turn relevant for THz-shielding as characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The mechanistic understanding of stability and structural order allows guidance for generic MXene applications, in particular in telecommunication, and more generally processing of 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Hong
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Zhong-Peng Lv
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Mohsen Ahmadi
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Linfan Cui
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Ville Liljeström
- Nanomicroscopy Center, OtaNano, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Volodymyr Dudko
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, D-95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jiali Sheng
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Xiaoqi Cui
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Alexey P Tsapenko
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, D-95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
- Honda Research Institute USA, Inc., San Jose, CA, 95134, USA
| | - Esko Kauppinen
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
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5
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Kuang C, Chen S, Luo M, Zhang Q, Sun X, Han S, Wang Q, Stanishev V, Darakchieva V, Crispin R, Fahlman M, Zhao D, Wen Q, Jonsson MP. Switchable Broadband Terahertz Absorbers Based on Conducting Polymer-Cellulose Aerogels. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305898. [PMID: 37997181 PMCID: PMC10797431 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) technologies provide opportunities ranging from calibration targets for satellites and telescopes to communication devices and biomedical imaging systems. A main component will be broadband THz absorbers with switchability. However, optically switchable materials in THz are scarce and their modulation is mostly available at narrow bandwidths. Realizing materials with large and broadband modulation in absorption or transmission forms a critical challenge. This study demonstrates that conducting polymer-cellulose aerogels can provide modulation of broadband THz light with large modulation range from ≈ 13% to 91% absolute transmission, while maintaining specular reflection loss < -30 dB. The exceptional THz modulation is associated with the anomalous optical conductivity peak of conducting polymers, which enhances the absorption in its oxidized state. The study also demonstrates the possibility to reduce the surface hydrophilicity by simple chemical modifications, and shows that broadband absorption of the aerogels at optical frequencies enables de-frosting by solar-induced heating. These low-cost, aqueous solution-processable, sustainable, and bio-friendly aerogels may find use in next-generation intelligent THz devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Kuang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN)Linköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
| | - Shangzhi Chen
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN)Linköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
| | - Min Luo
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan610 054P. R. China
| | - Qilun Zhang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN)Linköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science CenterLinköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
| | - Xiao Sun
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan610 054P. R. China
| | - Shaobo Han
- School of Textile Material and EngineeringWuyi University22 DongchengcunJiangmenGuangdong529 020P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN)Linköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
| | - Vallery Stanishev
- Terahertz Materials Analysis Center (THeMAC) and Center for III‐N Technology, C3NiT‐Janzèn, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)Linköping UniversityLinköpingSE‐581 83Sweden
- Solid State Physics and NanoLundLund UniversityLundSE‐221 00Sweden
| | - Vanya Darakchieva
- Terahertz Materials Analysis Center (THeMAC) and Center for III‐N Technology, C3NiT‐Janzèn, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)Linköping UniversityLinköpingSE‐581 83Sweden
- Solid State Physics and NanoLundLund UniversityLundSE‐221 00Sweden
| | - Reverant Crispin
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN)Linköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science CenterLinköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
| | - Mats Fahlman
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN)Linköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science CenterLinköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
| | - Dan Zhao
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN)Linköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
| | - Qiye Wen
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan610 054P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou)University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhouZhejiang313 001P. R. China
| | - Magnus P. Jonsson
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN)Linköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science CenterLinköping UniversityNorrköpingSE‐601 74Sweden
- Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS)Wallenberg Research Center at Stellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch7600South Africa
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6
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Ran L, Ma X, Qiu L, Sun F, Zhao L, Yi L, Ji X. Liquid metal assisted fabrication of MXene-based films: Toward superior electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal management. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:705-717. [PMID: 37524621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of thin and flexible films that possess both electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and thermal management capabilities has always been an intriguing pursuit, but itisnevertheless a crucialproblemtoaddress. Inspired by the deformability of liquid metal (LM) and film forming capacity of MXene, here we present a series of ternary compositing films prepared via cellulose nanofiber (CNF) assisted vacuum filtration technology. Originating from the highly conductive LM/MXene network, the MLMC film presents a maximum EMI shielding effectiness (EMI SE) of 78 dB at a tiny thickness of 45 μm, together with a high specific EMI SE of 3046 dB mm-1. Meanwhile, these compositing films also deliver excellent flexibility and mechanical reliability, showing no obvious decline in EMI shielding performance even after 1000 bending and 500 folding cycles, respectively. Moreover, notable anisotropic thermal conductive property was successfully achieved, allowing for a highly desirable in-plane thermal conductivity of 7.8 W m-1 K-1. This accomplishment also yielded an exceptional electro-thermal conversion capacity, enabling efficient low-voltage (3 V) heating capabilities. These captivating features are expected to greatly drive the widespread adoption of LM-based films in future flexible electronic and wearable technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxin Ran
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, PR China
| | - Xinguo Ma
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, PR China
| | - Lijuan Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, PR China
| | - Furong Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, PR China
| | - Longfei Yi
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, PR China.
| | - Xiaoying Ji
- Cigar Technology Innovation Center of China Tobacco, Cigar Fermentation Technology Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610100, PR China.
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7
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Wang H, Zheng D, Zhang Y, Han L, Cao Z, Lu Z, Tan J. High-Performance Transparent Ultrabroadband Electromagnetic Radiation Shielding from Microwave toward Terahertz. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:49487-49499. [PMID: 37816124 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
In the era of fifth-generation networks and Internet-of-Things, the use of multiband electromagnetic radiation shielding is highly desirable for next-generation electronic devices. Herein, we report a systematic exploration of optoelectronic behaviors of ultrathin-silver-based shielding prototype (USP) film structures at the nanometer scale, unlocking the transparent ultrabroadband electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding from microwave to terahertz frequencies. A theoretical model is proposed to optimize USP structures to achieve increased transparency, whereby optical antireflection resonances are introduced in dielectrics in conjunction with remarkable EMI shielding capability. USP can realize a state-of-the-art effective electromagnetic radiation shielding bandwidth with measured frequencies from 8 GHz up to 2 THz. Experimental results show that a basic USP (dAg = 10 nm) offers an average shielding efficiency of ∼27.5 dB from the X- to Ka-bands (8-40 GHz) and maintains a stable shielding performance of ∼22.6 dB across a broad range of 0.5-2 THz, with a measured optical transmittance of ∼95.2%. This extraordinary performance of ultrathin-silver-based film structures provides a new ultrabroadband EMI shielding paradigm for potential applications in next-generation electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyan Wang
- Ultra-Precision Optical & Electronic Instrument Engineering Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Key Lab of Ultra-Precision Intelligent Instrumentation (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Danni Zheng
- Ultra-Precision Optical & Electronic Instrument Engineering Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Key Lab of Ultra-Precision Intelligent Instrumentation (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yilei Zhang
- Ultra-Precision Optical & Electronic Instrument Engineering Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Key Lab of Ultra-Precision Intelligent Instrumentation (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Lin Han
- Ultra-Precision Optical & Electronic Instrument Engineering Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Key Lab of Ultra-Precision Intelligent Instrumentation (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhibo Cao
- Ultra-Precision Optical & Electronic Instrument Engineering Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Key Lab of Ultra-Precision Intelligent Instrumentation (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhengang Lu
- Ultra-Precision Optical & Electronic Instrument Engineering Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Key Lab of Ultra-Precision Intelligent Instrumentation (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jiubin Tan
- Ultra-Precision Optical & Electronic Instrument Engineering Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
- Key Lab of Ultra-Precision Intelligent Instrumentation (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
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8
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Jiang Y, Xu Y, Deng S, Ren H, Tao X, Liao M, Sun J, Shi S. 3D printing of ultralight MWCNT@OCNF porous scaffolds for high-efficiency electromagnetic interference shielding. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 314:120945. [PMID: 37173045 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Towards the difficulties of traditional processing technology in loading high-concentration functional fillers to realize the target electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI SE) performance, and constructing the arbitrary-designated architectures for serving advanced electronics, this work innovatively formulated a functional multi-walled carbon nanotubes@cellulose nanofibers (MWCNT@OCNF) ink for direct ink writing (DIW) 3D printing, which not only possessed high freedom on the proportion of functional particles, but also imparted to the ideal rheological performance for 3D printing. Based on the pre-programmed printing trajectories, a series of porous scaffolds featuring exceptional functionalities were architected. Particularly for the electromagnetic waves (EMWs) shielding behaviors, the optimized one with "full-mismatched" architecture posed the ultralight structure (0.11 g/cm3) and superior SE performance (43.5 dB) in the X-band frequency region. More encouragingly, the 3D-printed scaffold with hierarchical pores possessed the ideal electromagnetic compatibility on EMWs signal, where the radiation intensity generated by EMWs signal fluctuated in a step pattern in 0 and 1500 μT/cm2 as loading and unloading scaffolds. Overall, this study paved a novel path for the formulation of functional inks to print lightweight, multi-structure, and high-efficiency EMI SE scaffolds for the next-generation shielding elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, No. 100, Daxuedong Road, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ye Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, No. 100, Daxuedong Road, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Siwen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, No. 100, Daxuedong Road, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, No. 100, Daxuedong Road, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xingyu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, No. 100, Daxuedong Road, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Meng Liao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jianping Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, No. 100, Daxuedong Road, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shaohong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, No. 100, Daxuedong Road, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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9
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Lee JS, Kim JW, Lee JH, Son YK, Kim YB, Woo K, Lee C, Kim ID, Seok JY, Yu JW, Park JH, Lee KJ. Flash-Induced High-Throughput Porous Graphene via Synergistic Photo-Effects for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:191. [PMID: 37532956 PMCID: PMC10397175 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Porous 2D materials with high conductivity and large surface area have been proposed for potential electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials in future mobility and wearable applications to prevent signal noise, transmission inaccuracy, system malfunction, and health hazards. Here, we report on the synthesis of lightweight and flexible flash-induced porous graphene (FPG) with excellent EMI shielding performance. The broad spectrum of pulsed flashlight induces photo-chemical and photo-thermal reactions in polyimide films, forming 5 × 10 cm2-size porous graphene with a hollow pillar structure in a few milliseconds. The resulting material demonstrated low density (0.0354 g cm-3) and outstanding absolute EMI shielding effectiveness of 1.12 × 105 dB cm2 g-1. The FPG was characterized via thorough material analyses, and its mechanical durability and flexibility were confirmed by a bending cycle test. Finally, the FPG was utilized in drone and wearable applications, showing effective EMI shielding performance for internal/external EMI in a drone radar system and reducing the specific absorption rate in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Soo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Wook Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hee Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Koo Son
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoohee Woo
- Department of Printed Electronics, Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhee Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Seok
- Department of Mechanical System Design Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Department of Aeronautics, Mechanical and Electronic Convergence Engineering), Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 61 Daehak-ro, Gumi, Gyeongbuk, 39177, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keon Jae Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Deng F, Wei J, Xu Y, Lin Z, Lu X, Wan YJ, Sun R, Wong CP, Hu Y. Regulating the Electrical and Mechanical Properties of TaS 2 Films via van der Waals and Electrostatic Interaction for High Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:106. [PMID: 37071313 PMCID: PMC10113419 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have unique electronic structure, vibration modes, and physicochemical properties, making them suitable for fundamental studies and cutting-edge applications such as silicon electronics, optoelectronics, and bioelectronics. However, the brittleness, low toughness, and poor mechanical and electrical stabilities of TMD-based films limit their application. Herein, a TaS2 freestanding film with ultralow void ratio of 6.01% is restacked under the effect of bond-free van der Waals (vdW) interactions within the staggered 2H-TaS2 nanosheets. The restacked films demonstrated an exceptionally high electrical conductivity of 2,666 S cm-1, electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 41.8 dB, and absolute EMI SE (SSE/t) of 27,859 dB cm2 g-1, which is the highest value reported for TMD-based materials. The bond-free vdW interactions between the adjacent 2H-TaS2 nanosheets provide a natural interfacial strain relaxation, achieving excellent flexibility without rupture after 1,000 bends. In addition, the TaS2 nanosheets are further combined with the polymer fibers of bacterial cellulose and aramid nanofibers via electrostatic interactions to significantly enhance the tensile strength and flexibility of the films while maintaining their high electrical conductivity and EMI SE.This work provides promising alternatives for conventional materials used in EMI shielding and nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukang Deng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Wei
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadong Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Lu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jun Wan
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Sun
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ching-Ping Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Yougen Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Zhang Y, Ruan K, Zhou K, Gu J. Controlled Distributed Ti 3 C 2 T x Hollow Microspheres on Thermally Conductive Polyimide Composite Films for Excellent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211642. [PMID: 36703618 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible multifunctional polymer-based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composite films have important applications in the fields of 5G communication technology, wearable electronic devices, and artificial intelligence. Based on the design of a porous/multilayered structure and using polyimide (PI) as the matrix and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microspheres as the template, flexible (Fe3 O4 /PI)-Ti3 C2 Tx -(Fe3 O4 /PI) composite films with controllable pore sizes and distribution of Ti3 C2 Tx hollow microspheres are successfully prepared by sacrificial template method. Owing to the porous/multilayered structure, when the pore size of the Ti3 C2 Tx hollow microspheres is 10 µm and the mass ratio of PMMA/Ti3 C2 Tx is 2:1, the (Fe3 O4 /PI)-Ti3 C2 Tx -(Fe3 O4 /PI) composite film has the most excellent EMI shielding performance, with EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 85 dB. It is further verified by finite element simulation that the composite film has an excellent shielding effect on electromagnetic waves. In addition, the composite film has good thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity coefficient of 3.49 W (m·K)-1 ) and mechanical properties (tensile strength of 65.3 MPa). This flexible (Fe3 O4 /PI)-Ti3 C2 Tx -(Fe3 O4 /PI) composite film with excellent EMI shielding performance, thermal conductivity, and mechanical properties has demonstrated great potential for applications in EMI shielding protection for high-power, portable, and wearable flexible electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Ruan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Junwei Gu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
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12
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Graphene in Polymeric Nanocomposite Membranes—Current State and Progress. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
One important application of polymer/graphene nanocomposites is in membrane technology. In this context, promising polymer/graphene nanocomposites have been developed and applied in the production of high-performance membranes. This review basically highlights the designs, properties, and use of polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes in the field of gas separation and purification. Various polymer matrices (polysulfone, poly(dimethylsiloxane), poly(methyl methacrylate), polyimide, etc.), have been reinforced with graphene to develop nanocomposite membranes. Various facile strategies, such as solution casting, phase separation, infiltration, self-assembly, etc., have been employed in the design of gas separation polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes. The inclusion of graphene in polymeric membranes affects their morphology, physical properties, gas permeability, selectivity, and separation processes. Furthermore, the final membrane properties are affected by the nanofiller content, modification, dispersion, and processing conditions. Moreover, the development of polymer/graphene nanofibrous membranes has introduced novelty in the field of gas separation membranes. These high-performance membranes have the potential to overcome challenges arising from gas separation conditions. Hence, this overview provides up-to-date coverage of advances in polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes, especially for gas separation applications. The separation processes of polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes (in parting gases) are dependent upon variations in the structural design and processing techniques used. Current challenges and future opportunities related to polymer/graphene nanocomposite membranes are also discussed.
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13
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Kotsidi M, Gorgolis G, Pastore Carbone MG, Paterakis G, Anagnostopoulos G, Trakakis G, Manikas AC, Pavlou C, Koutroumanis N, Galiotis C. Graphene nanoplatelets and other 2D-materials as protective means against the fading of coloured inks, dyes and paints. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:5414-5428. [PMID: 36826806 PMCID: PMC10019573 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05795f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present work demonstrates the ability of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and other two-dimensional materials (2DMs) like tungsten disulfide (WS2), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) to act as protective barriers against the fading of architectural paints and also inks/paints used in art. The results present a new approach for improving the lightfastness of colours of artworks and painted indoor/outdoor wall surfaces taking advantage of the remarkable properties of 2DMs. As shown herein, commercial inks and architectural paints of different colours doped with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and other 2DMs, exhibit a superior resistance to fading under ultraviolet radiation or even under exposure to visible light. A spectroscopic study on these inks and dyes reveals that the peaks which are characteristic of the colour pigments are less affected from aging/fading when the GNPs and the other 2DMs are present. The protection mechanism for the GNPs and the other 2DMs differs. For GNPs, mainly their high surface area which leads to free radicals scavenging (especially hydroxyl radicals), and secondarily their UV absorption, are responsible for their protection effects, while for GO, a transition to rGO structures and consequently to 'smart' paints can be observed after the performed aging routes. In this way, the paint gets improved by time preventing or slowing its own fading and decolorization. For the other 2DMs, the transition-metal dichalcogenides performed better than hBN, even though they all absorb in the UV region. This can be ascribed to the facts that the formers also absorb in the visible, while hBN does not, while most importantly, they can trap reactive oxygen species (ROS) and corrosive gases in their structure as opposed to hBN. By conducting colorimetric measurements, we have discovered that the lifetime of the as-developed 2DM-doped inks and paints can be extended by up to ∼40%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kotsidi
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras 265 04, Greece.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - G Gorgolis
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras 265 04, Greece.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - M G Pastore Carbone
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras 265 04, Greece.
| | - G Paterakis
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras 265 04, Greece.
| | - G Anagnostopoulos
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras 265 04, Greece.
| | - G Trakakis
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras 265 04, Greece.
| | - A C Manikas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - C Pavlou
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras 265 04, Greece.
| | - N Koutroumanis
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras 265 04, Greece.
| | - C Galiotis
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras 265 04, Greece.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
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14
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Manna K, Sen Gupta R, Bose S. A universal approach to 'host' carbon nanotubes on a charge triggered 'guest' interpenetrating polymer network for excellent 'green' electromagnetic interference shielding. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:1373-1391. [PMID: 36594198 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05626g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of miniaturized electronic gadgets today faces stiff reliability obstacles from factors like stray electromagnetic signals. The challenge is to design lightweight shielding materials that combine small volume and high-frequency operations to reliably reduce/eliminate electromagnetic interference. Herein, in the first of its kind, a sequential interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) membrane was used to host a CNT construct through a stimuli-responsive trigger. The proposed construct besides being robust, sustainable, and scalable is a universal approach to fabricate a CNT construct where conventional strategies are not amenable. This approach of self-assembling counter-charged CNTs also maximizes the number of CNTs in the final construct, thereby greatly enhancing the shielding performance dominated by 90% absorption in a wide frequency band of 8.2-26.5 GHz. The IPN-CNT construct achieves specific shielding effectiveness in the range of ca. 1607-5715 dB cm2 g-1 by tuning the thickness of the CNT construct with an endearing green index (gs ≈ 1.8). The performance of such an ultra-thin, light-weight IPN-CNT construct remained unchanged when subjected to 10 000 bending cycles and on exposure to different chemical environments, indicating outstanding mechanical/chemical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Manna
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
| | - Ria Sen Gupta
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
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15
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Lu L, Yuan H, Sun C, Zou B. A high-performance solid sodium battery enabled by a thin Na-Ti3C2Tx composite anode. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Liu N, Li Q, Wan H, Chang L, Wang H, Fang J, Ding T, Wen Q, Zhou L, Xiao X. High-temperature stability in air of Ti 3C 2T x MXene-based composite with extracted bentonite. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5551. [PMID: 36138027 PMCID: PMC9499972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Ti3C2Tx MXene is a promising material for many applications such as catalysis, energy storage, electromagnetic interference shielding due to its metallic conductivity and high processability, it’s poor resistance to oxidation at high temperatures makes its application under harsh environments challenging. Here, we report an air-stable Ti3C2Tx based composite with extracted bentonite (EB) nanosheets. In this case, oxygen molecules are shown to be preferentially adsorbed on EB. The saturated adsorption of oxygen on EB further inhibits more oxygen molecules to be adsorbed on the surface of Ti3C2Tx due to the weakened p-d orbital hybridization between adsorbed O2 and Ti3C2Tx, which is induced by the Ti3C2Tx/EB interface coupling. As a result, the composite is capable of tolerating high annealing temperatures (above 400 °C for several hours) both in air or humid environment, indicating highly improved antioxidation properties in harsh condition. The above finding is shown to be independent on the termination ratio of Ti3C2Tx obtained through different synthesis routes. Utilized as terahertz shielding materials, the composite retains its shielding ability after high-temperature treatment even up to 600 °C, while pristine Ti3C2Tx is completely oxidized with no terahertz shielding ability. Joule heating and thermal cycling performance are also demonstrated. A major challenge for the effective use of Ti-based MXenes in applications with harsh environmental conditions is their poor resistance to oxidation. Here, authors report an air-stable Ti3C2Tx composite with extracted bentonite able to endure high-temperature annealing in air by an oxygen adsorption competition mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.,Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China.,Department of Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants, Army Logistic Academy of PLA, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Li
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Hujie Wan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.,Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
| | - Libo Chang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.,Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jianhua Fang
- Department of Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants, Army Logistic Academy of PLA, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Tianpeng Ding
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.,Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
| | - Qiye Wen
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China. .,Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China.
| | - Liujiang Zhou
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China. .,School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.
| | - Xu Xiao
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China. .,Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China.
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17
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Lee JH, Kim YS, Ru HJ, Lee SY, Park SJ. Highly Flexible Fabrics/Epoxy Composites with Hybrid Carbon Nanofillers for Absorption-Dominated Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:188. [PMID: 36114884 PMCID: PMC9482561 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Epoxy-based nanocomposites can be ideal electromagnetic interference (EMI)-shielding materials owing to their lightness, chemical inertness, and mechanical durability. However, poor conductivity and brittleness of the epoxy resin are challenges for fast-growing portable and flexible EMI-shielding applications, such as smart wristband, medical cloth, aerospace, and military equipment. In this study, we explored hybrid nanofillers of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as conductive inks and polyester fabrics (PFs) as a substrate for flexible EMI-shielding composites. The highest electrical conductivity and fracture toughness of the SWCNT/rGO/PF/epoxy composites were 30.2 S m-1 and 38.5 MPa m1/2, which are ~ 270 and 65% enhancement over those of the composites without SWCNTs, respectively. Excellent mechanical durability was demonstrated by stable electrical conductivity retention during 1000 cycles of bending test. An EMI-shielding effectiveness of ~ 41 dB in the X-band frequency of 8.2-12.4 GHz with a thickness of 0.6 mm was obtained with an EM absorption-dominant behavior over a 0.7 absorption coefficient. These results are attributed to the hierarchical architecture of the macroscale PF skeleton and nanoscale SWCNT/rGO networks, leading to superior EMI-shielding performance. We believe that this approach provides highly flexible and robust EMI-shielding composites for next-generation wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Yoon-Sub Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Hea-Jin Ru
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, Korea
- Korea Architecture Safety Testing and Research Institute (KASTI), 88 Gasan Digital 1-ro, Seoul, 08590, Korea
| | - Seul-Yi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, Korea.
| | - Soo-Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, Korea.
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18
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Xu X, Qing Y, Liu N, Long C, Ma J, Cui M, Yao Y, Yao W, Liu C. Microskeleton Magnetic Nanofiller Composite with Highly Reliable Superhydrophobic Protection for Long-Lived Electromagnetic Interface Shielding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:37039-37050. [PMID: 35920846 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic/electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials have received a great deal of attention, attributing to their excellent water repellence characteristic. However, it is really challenging to simultaneously achieve materials with superhydrophobicity, high EMI shielding performance, and long-term stability of these materials that can operate around the clock in harsh service conditions. Herein, a novel strategy to create an integrated microskeleton magnetic nanofiller composite (IMMNC) with exceptional liquid repellency, enhanced EMI shielding effectiveness, and extreme environment reliability is reported. The superhydrophobicity of the IMMNC was maintained after extreme mechanical and chemical damage due to the synergistic enhancement between epoxy-silicone oligomers/polymerized rosin and microskeleton. Consecutively hierarchical micro/nanoarchitectures and conductive pathways endow the IMMNC with a high EMI shielding effectiveness up to 80.7 dB and a satisfactory antifouling capacity for solid and water-based contaminants. More interestingly, this composite still maintains a superior EMI shielding performance after being subjected to ultrasonic vibration, low (-20 °C) or high temperature (300 °C), and even strong acid (1 M), demonstrating its great potential and reliability as a high-performance EMI shielding material resistant to harsh operating conditions. This work provides an efficient and practical solution for developing next-generation EMI shielding materials with high reliability in an all-weather complex and changeable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yongquan Qing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- State Key Laboratory of Light Alloy Casting Technology for High-End Equipment, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Niu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Cai Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Junchi Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Miao Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yuxuan Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Wenbo Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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19
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Zhang J, Shao L, Li Z, Zhang C, Zhu W. Graphene-Based Optically Transparent Metasurface Capable of Dual-Polarized Modulation for Electromagnetic Stealth. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:31075-31084. [PMID: 35770880 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microwave stealth technology with optical transparency is of great significance for solar-powered aircrafts (e.g., satellites or unmanned aerial vehicles) in increasingly complex electromagnetic environments. By coating them with optically transparent absorbing materials or devices, these large-sized solar panels could avoid detection by radar while maintaining highly efficient collection of solar energy. However, conventional microwave-absorbing materials/devices for solar panels suffer from bulky volume and fixed stealth performance that significantly hinders their practicality or multifunctionality. Particularly, dynamic modulation of microwave absorption for dual polarization remains a challenge. In this paper, we propose the design, fabrication, and characterization of an optically transparent and dynamically tunable microwave-absorbing metasurface that enables dual modulations (amplitude and frequency) independently for two orthogonal linearly polarized excitations. The tunability of the proposed metasurface is guaranteed by an elaborately designed anisotropic meta-atom composed of a patterned graphene structure whose electromagnetic responses for different polarizations can be dynamically and independently controlled via bias voltages. The dual tunability in such a graphene-based absorbing metasurface is experimentally measured, which agrees well with those numerical results. We further build an equivalent lumped circuit model to analyze the physical relation between the tunable sheet resistance of graphene and the polarization-independent modulations of the metasurface. Taking into account the advantages of optical transparency and flexibility, the proposed microwave-absorbing metasurface significantly enhances the multitasking stealth performance in complex scenarios and has the potential for advanced solar energy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Linda Shao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhenfei Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chiben Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710051, China
| | - Weiren Zhu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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20
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Xie Y, Liu S, Huang K, Chen B, Shi P, Chen Z, Liu B, Liu K, Wu Z, Chen K, Qi Y, Liu Z. Ultra-Broadband Strong Electromagnetic Interference Shielding with Ferromagnetic Graphene Quartz Fabric. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202982. [PMID: 35605207 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with ultrahigh shielding effectiveness (SE) are highly desirable for high-speed electronic devices to attenuate radiated emissions. For hindering interference of their internal or external EMI fields, however, a metallic enclosure suffers from relatively low SE, band-limited anti-EMI responses, poor corrosion resistance, and non-adaptability to the complex geometry of a given circuit. Here, a broadband, strong EMI shielding response fabric is demonstrated based on a highly structured ferromagnetic graphene quartz fiber (FGQF) via a modulation-doped chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth process. The precise control of the graphitic N-doping configuration endows graphene coatings on specifically designable quartz fabric weave with both high conductivity (3906 S cm-1 ) and high magnetic responsiveness (a saturation magnetization of ≈0.14 emu g-1 under 300 K), thus attaining synergistic effect of EMI shielding and electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption for broadband anti-EMI technology. The large-scale durable FGQF exhibits extraordinary EMI SE of ≈107 dB over a broadband frequency (1-18 GHz), by configuring ≈20 nm-thick graphene coatings on a millimeter-thick quartz fabric. This work enables the potential for development of an industrial-scale, flexible, lightweight, durable, and ultra-broadband strong shielding material in advanced applications of flexible anti-electronic reconnaissance, antiradiation, and stealthy technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadian Xie
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Big Data, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Shan Liu
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Kewen Huang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Chen
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Pengcheng Shi
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolong Chen
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Bingzhi Liu
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Ke Chen
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
- Center for the Physics of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Big Data, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhongfan Liu
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
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21
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Baldanza A, Pastore Carbone MG, Brondi C, Manikas AC, Mensitieri G, Pavlou C, Scherillo G, Galiotis C. Chemical Vapour Deposition Graphene-PMMA Nanolaminates for Flexible Gas Barrier. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060611. [PMID: 35736318 PMCID: PMC9230733 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Successful ways of fully exploiting the excellent structural and multifunctional performance of graphene and related materials are of great scientific and technological interest. New opportunities are provided by the fabrication of a novel class of nanocomposites with a nanolaminate architecture. In this work, by using the iterative lift-off/float-on process combined with wet depositions, we incorporated cm-size graphene monolayers produced via Chemical Vapour Deposition into a poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix with a controlled, alternate-layered structure. The produced nanolaminate shows a significant improvement in mechanical properties, with enhanced stiffness, strength and toughness, with the addition of only 0.06 vol% of graphene. Furthermore, oxygen and carbon dioxide permeability measurements performed at different relative humidity levels, reveal that the addition of graphene leads to significant reduction of permeability, compared to neat PMMA. Overall, we demonstrate that the produced graphene-PMMA nanolaminate surpasses, in terms of gas barrier properties, the traditional discontinuous graphene-particle composites with a similar filler content. Moreover, we found that the gas permeability through the nanocomposites departs from a monotonic decrease as a function of relative humidity, which is instead evident in the case of the pure PMMA nanolaminate. This work suggests the possible use of Chemical Vapour Deposition graphene-polymer nanolaminates as a flexible gas barrier, thus enlarging the spectrum of applications for this novel material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Baldanza
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (C.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Maria Giovanna Pastore Carbone
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.G.P.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Cosimo Brondi
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (C.B.); (G.S.)
| | | | - Giuseppe Mensitieri
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (C.B.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Christos Pavlou
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.G.P.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Scherillo
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.B.); (C.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Costas Galiotis
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece; (M.G.P.C.); (C.P.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (C.G.)
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22
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Accurate THz ellipsometry using calibration in time domain. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7342. [PMID: 35513470 PMCID: PMC9072386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10804-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the realisation of a customized THz time domain spectroscopic ellipsometer (THz-TDSE) based on fiber-coupled photoconductive antennas, operating in a wide range of incident angles and allowing also standard transmission spectroscopy without any optical realignment. To ensure accurate parameter extraction for a broad range of materials, we developed a fast and effective algorithm-assisted method to calibrate the setup and compensate for the nonideality in the response of the THz system. The procedure allows to minimise errors induced by imperfect response of the antennas and polarizers, imprecise setting of the impinging and receiving angles in the goniometric mechanical arms, and unavoidable mismatches in the THz beam optics. Differently from other calibration methods applied in the literature, our approach compares in time domain the ellipsometric derived electric field s- and p-polarised components at a given angle of incidence with the reconstructed ones, attained by using the complex dielectric function of a known sample. The calibrated response is determined with high precision by setting the system in transmission mode. In order to validate the technique, ellipsometric measurements have been carried out at various angle of incidences on a number of materials both in solid and liquid form, and their data compared with what obtained by conventional THz spectroscopy. Results show that THz-TDSE accompanied with an accurate calibration procedure is an effective technique for material characterization, especially in case of samples with a high absorption rate that are not easily investigated through transmission measurements.
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23
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Lu M, Ge Y, Wang J, Chen Z, Song Z, Xu J, Zhao Y. Ultrafast Growth of Highly Conductive Graphene Films by a Single Subsecond Pulse of Microwave. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6676-6686. [PMID: 35293217 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, graphene films are expected to achieve real applications in various fields. However, the conventional synthesis methods still have intrinsic limitations, especially not being applicable on a surface with high curvature. Herein, an ultrafast synthesis method was developed for graphene and turbostratic graphite growth by a single subsecond pulse of microwaves generated by a household magnetron. We succeeded in growing high-quality around 10-layered turbostratic graphite in 0.16 s directly on the surface of an atomic force microscope probe and maintaining a tip curvature radius of less than 30 nm. The thus-produced probes showed high conductivity and tip durability. Moreover, turbostratic graphite film was also demonstrated to grow on the surface of dielectric Si flat substrates in a full coverage. Graphene can also grow on metallic Ni tips by this method. Our microwave ultrafast method can be used to grow high-quality graphene in a facile, efficient, and economical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yifei Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Zhiwei Song
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianxun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou 510535, China
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24
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Du WT, Kuo SW. Varying the Sequence Distribution and Hydrogen Bonding Strength Provides Highly Heat-Resistant PMMA Copolymers. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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25
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Zhao D, Tan Z, Zhao H, Fan F, Chang S. Active terahertz beam deflection and nonreciprocal spin chirality selection based on magneto-optical P-B metasurface with stacked-graphene layers. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:818-821. [PMID: 35167533 DOI: 10.1364/ol.446702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional, high-efficiency, and active manipulation devices are significant for terahertz (THz) technology and application. In this Letter, a stacked-graphene meta-atom (SGM) structure is investigated, which is composed of periodically patterned graphene in the 2D plane and stacked graphene-dielectric layers perpendicularly to the plane. This structure not only has strong THz artificial anisotropy but also enhances the cyclotron resonance response of graphene to a THz wave under an external magnetic field (EMF). Based on these two characteristics, the SGM can realize dynamic conversion between two functions for the manipulation of THz spin chiral states under different EMFs: from the reciprocal spin-flip without EMF to nonreciprocal spin-selection with EMF. Furthermore, a Pancharatnam-Berry (P-B) metasurface composed of the SGMs with different discrete orientation angles has been designed, which achieves active conversion between THz spin chiral beam deflection and the nonreciprocal one-way transmission for two conjugated spin beams, dynamically manipulated by both the biased voltage and EMF. The spin-select isolation is 42.3 dB with a transmission efficiency of over 70% at 1.38 THz. This manipulation mechanism of the spin beam and related devices has great potential in future THz communication, dynamical imaging, and radar scanning systems.
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26
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Lai D, Chen X, Xu X, Wang G, Wang Y. Elastomeric Foldable and High-Temperature Endurance Porous Graphene Films with Superior Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dengguo Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Xinhai Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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