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Kaw KA, Louwerse RJ, Bakker JM, Lievens P, Janssens E, Ferrari P. Direct probing of low-energy intra d-band transitions in gas-phase cobalt clusters. Commun Chem 2024; 7:124. [PMID: 38834765 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01206-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The interplay between constituent localized and itinerant electrons of metal clusters defines their physical and chemical properties. In turn, the electronic and geometrical structures are strongly entwined and exhibit strong size-dependent variations. Current understanding of low-energy excited states of metal clusters relies on stand-alone theoretical investigations and few comparisons with measured properties, since direct identification of low-lying states is lacking hitherto. Here, we report on the measurement of low-lying electronic transitions in cationic cobalt clusters using infrared photofragmentation spectroscopy. Broad and size-dependent absorption features were observed within 0.056 - 0.446 eV, well above the energies of the sharp absorption bands caused by cluster vibrations. Complementary time-dependent density functional theory calculations reproduce the main observed absorption features, providing direct evidence that they correspond to transitions between electronic states of mainly d-character, arising from the open d-shells of the Co atoms and the high spin multiplicity of the clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Kaw
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rick J Louwerse
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, HFML-FELIX, 6525, Nijmegen, ED, Netherlands
| | - Joost M Bakker
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, HFML-FELIX, 6525, Nijmegen, ED, Netherlands
| | - Peter Lievens
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ewald Janssens
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piero Ferrari
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, HFML-FELIX, 6525, Nijmegen, ED, Netherlands.
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Lu M. Is aromatic plants environmental health engineering (APEHE) a leverage point of the earth system? Heliyon 2024; 10:e30322. [PMID: 38756557 PMCID: PMC11096952 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
It is important to note that every ecological niche in an ecosystem is significant. This study aims to assess the importance of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) in the ecosystem from multiple perspectives. A primary model of Aromatic Plants Environmental Health Engineering (APEHE) has been designed and constructed. The APEHE system was used to collect aerosol compounds, and it was experimentally verified that these compounds have the potential to impact human health by binding to AKT1 as the primary target, and MMP9 and TLR4 as secondary targets. These compounds may indirectly affect human immunity by reversing drug resistance in drug-resistant bacteria in the nasal cavity. This is mainly achieved through combined mutations in sdhA, scrA, and PEP. Our findings are based on Network pharmacology and molecular binding, drug-resistance rescue experiments, as well as combined transcriptomics and metabolomics experiments. It is suggested that APEHE may have direct or indirect effects on human health. We demonstrate APEHE's numerous potential benefits, such as attenuation and elimination of airborne microorganisms in the environment, enhancing carbon and nitrogen storage in terrestrial ecosystems, promoting the formation of low-level clouds and strengthening the virtuous cycle of Earth's ecosystems. APEHE also supports the development of transdisciplinary technologies, including terpene energy production. It facilitates the creation of a sustainable circular economy and provides additional economic advantages through urban optimisation, as well as fresh insights into areas such as the habitability of other planets. APEHE has the potential to serve as a leverage point for the Earth system. We have created a new research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- MengYu Lu
- HEFEI XIAODOUKOU HEALTH TECH CO LTD, China
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3
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Palotás J, Daly FC, Douglas-Walker TE, Campbell EK. Mid-infrared spectroscopy of 1-cyanonaphthalene cation for astrochemical consideration. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4111-4117. [PMID: 38226631 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05784d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
We present the low temperature gas-phase vibrational spectrum of ionised 1-cyanonaphthalene (1-CNN+) in the mid-infrared region. Experimentally, 1-CNN+ ions are cooled below 10 K in a cryogenic ion trapping apparatus, tagged with He atoms and probed with tuneable radiation. Quantum-chemical calculations are carried out at a density functional theory level. The spectrum is dominated by the CN-stretch at 4.516 μm, with weaker CH modes near 3.2 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna Palotás
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, Kings Buildings, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Francis C Daly
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, Kings Buildings, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Thomas E Douglas-Walker
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, Kings Buildings, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Ewen K Campbell
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, Kings Buildings, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK.
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4
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Vujčić V, Marinković BP, Srećković VA, Tošić S, Jevremović D, Ignjatović LM, Rabasović MS, Šević D, Simonović N, Mason NJ. Current stage and future development of Belgrade collisional and radiative databases/datasets of importance for molecular dynamics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:26972-26985. [PMID: 37791414 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03752e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Atomic and molecular (A&M) databases that contain information about species, their identities and radiative/collisional processes are essential and helpful tools that are utilized in many fields of physics, chemistry, and chem/phys-informatics. Errors or inconsistencies in the datasets are a serious issue since they can lead to inaccurate predictions and generate problems with the modeling. This demonstrates that data curation efforts around A&M databases are still indispensable and that in the curation process studious attention is required. Therefore, we herein present research activities around Belgrade "nodes" - datasets of collision/radiative cross-sections and rates needed for spectroscopy analysis in various A&M, optical and plasma physics fields. Methodologies of our research and both present and future aspects of the applications are explained. We explored the possibility to extend our nodes towards building a new database on Judd-Ofelt parameters by using machine learning in order to predict optical properties of luminescence materials. In addition, we hope that public availability of our datasets and their graphical representations will also motivate others to investigate the potential of these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veljko Vujčić
- Astronomical Observatory Belgrade, Volgina 7, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | | | - Sanja Tošić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Darko Jevremović
- Astronomical Observatory Belgrade, Volgina 7, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | - Maja S Rabasović
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragutin Šević
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nenad Simonović
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nigel J Mason
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK
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Bogot A, Lioubashevski O, Heber O, Zajfman D, Strasser D. Simultaneous electrostatic trapping of merged cation & anion beams. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25701-25710. [PMID: 37721452 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03633b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous trapping of merged cation and anion beams in the hybrid electrostatic ion beam trap (HEIBT) opens new opportunities for the study of the interactions of isolated atomic molecular or cluster ions with oppositely charged ionic species. Application of the trapped merged beams requires a detailed understanding of the trapping dynamics and the effect of the Coulombic attractive and repulsive forces between the ions on their motion in the trap. The simultaneous trapping regime is explored experimentally for SF6- anion and SF5+ cation beams and compared to realistic ion trajectory simulations. The respective stability of the simultaneously trapped cation and anion beams is experimentally tracked by nondestructive and mass sensitive image charge monitoring. An approximate analytical potential model is presented for modeling the dynamics of trapped ions, providing insight into the role of ion-ion interactions, and suggesting a simplified mirror design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Bogot
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Chemistry, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
| | - Oleg Lioubashevski
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Chemistry, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
| | - Oded Heber
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Daniel Zajfman
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Daniel Strasser
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Chemistry, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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Navarro Navarrete JE, Bull JN, Cederquist H, Indrajith S, Ji M, Schmidt HT, Zettergren H, Zhu B, Stockett MH. Experimental radiative cooling rates of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon cation. Faraday Discuss 2023; 245:352-367. [PMID: 37317671 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00005b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Several small Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been identified recently in the Taurus Molecular Cloud (TMC-1) using radio telescope observations. Reproducing the observed abundances of these molecules has been a challenge for astrochemical models. Rapid radiative cooling of PAHs by Recurrent Fluorescence (RF), the emission of optical photons from thermally populated electronically excited states, has been shown to efficiently stabilize small PAHs following ionization, augmenting their resilience in astronomical environments and helping to rationalize their observed high abundances. Here, we use a novel method to experimentally determine the radiative cooling rate of the cation of 1-cyanonaphthalene (C10H7CN, 1-CNN), the neutral species of which has been identified in TMC-1. Laser-induced dissociation rates and kinetic energy release distributions of 1-CNN cations isolated in a cryogenic electrostatic ion-beam storage ring are analysed to track the time evolution of the vibrational energy distribution of the initially hot ion ensemble as it cools. The measured cooling rate is in good agreement with the previously calculated RF rate coefficient. Improved measurements and models of the RF mechanism are needed to interpret astronomical observations and refine predictions of the stabilities of interstellar PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James N Bull
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | | | - MingChao Ji
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | - Boxing Zhu
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mark H Stockett
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Lee JWL, Stockett MH, Ashworth EK, Navarro Navarrete JE, Gougoula E, Garg D, Ji M, Zhu B, Indrajith S, Zettergren H, Schmidt HT, Bull JN. Cooling dynamics of energized naphthalene and azulene radical cations. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2887564. [PMID: 37125715 DOI: 10.1063/5.0147456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Naphthalene and azulene are isomeric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and are topical in the context of astrochemistry due to the recent discovery of substituted naphthalenes in the Taurus Molecular Cloud-1 (TMC-1). Here, the thermal- and photo-induced isomerization, dissociation, and radiative cooling dynamics of energized (vibrationally hot) naphthalene (Np+) and azulene (Az+) radical cations, occurring over the microsecond to seconds timescale, are investigated using a cryogenic electrostatic ion storage ring, affording "molecular cloud in a box" conditions. Measurement of the cooling dynamics and kinetic energy release distributions for neutrals formed through dissociation, until several seconds after hot ion formation, are consistent with the establishment of a rapid (sub-microsecond) Np+ ⇌ Az+ quasi-equilibrium. Consequently, dissociation by C2H2-elimination proceeds predominantly through common Az+ decomposition pathways. Simulation of the isomerization, dissociation, recurrent fluorescence, and infrared cooling dynamics using a coupled master equation combined with high-level potential energy surface calculations [CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ], reproduce the trends in the measurements. The data show that radiative cooling via recurrent fluorescence, predominately through the Np+ D0 ← D2 transition, efficiently quenches dissociation for vibrational energies up to ≈1 eV above dissociation thresholds. Our measurements support the suggestion that small cations, such as naphthalene, may be more abundant in space than previously thought. The strategy presented in this work could be extended to fingerprint the cooling dynamics of other PAH ions for which isomerization is predicted to precede dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W L Lee
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mark H Stockett
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eleanor K Ashworth
- School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Eva Gougoula
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diksha Garg
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - MingChao Ji
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boxing Zhu
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Henning T Schmidt
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James N Bull
- School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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