1
|
Tang H, Hu J, Li B, Liu Y, Tong WK, Yue MR, Wang J, Wang W, Gao MT, Liu N, Li J. Degradation-Resistant Biochar Improves Soil Organic Carbon Storage: Promoting Autotrophic Metabolism & Increasing Refractory Organic Carbon. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2025; 428:132452. [PMID: 40154750 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/25/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
Biochar, as a soil amendment to enhance soil carbon sink, is a dual-effect carbon neutralization technology. However, the dissolved solids released from biochar not only shorten the duration of carbon sequestration but also diminish its efficacy on improving soil carbon fixation. In this study, biochar prepared from cellulase-treated lignocellulose (BC-SR) was utilized to address the defect. After one year, BC-SR promoted a net increase of 4.39 mg C/g in soil (equivalent to fixing 16.10 mg CO2/g), which was 28 % higher than ordinary biochar. The role of BC-SR was primarily achieved by three aspects: (1) Enhance microbial autotrophic metabolism; (2) Promote the formation of soil macroaggregates to protect easily degradable organic carbon; (3) Increase the proportion of refractory organic matter. This study demonstrated that compared with ordinary biochar, BC-SR exerted a stronger effect on autotrophic metabolism, and the newly generated organic matter persisted in the soil for a longer time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Tang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200120, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jiajun Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Bu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Yundong Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Wang Kai Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Mei Ru Yue
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Jia Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Min-Tian Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jixiang Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200120, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zaman W, Ayaz A, Puppe D. Biogeochemical Cycles in Plant-Soil Systems: Significance for Agriculture, Interconnections, and Anthropogenic Disruptions. BIOLOGY 2025; 14:433. [PMID: 40282298 PMCID: PMC12025154 DOI: 10.3390/biology14040433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2025] [Revised: 04/11/2025] [Accepted: 04/14/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025]
Abstract
Biogeochemical cycles are fundamental to the functioning of plant-soil systems, driving the availability and transfer of essential nutrients (like carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S)) as well as beneficial elements (like silicon (Si)). These interconnected cycles regulate ecosystem productivity, biodiversity, and resilience, forming the basis of critical ecosystem services. This review explores the mechanisms and dynamics of biogeochemical C, N, P, S, and Si cycles, emphasizing their roles in nutrient/element cycling, plant growth, and soil health, especially in agricultural plant-soil systems. The coupling between these cycles, facilitated mainly by microbial communities, highlights the complexity of nutrient/element interactions and corresponding implications for ecosystem functioning and stability. Human activities including industrial agriculture, deforestation, and pollution disrupt the underlying natural processes leading to nutrient/element imbalances, soil degradation, and susceptibility to climate impacts. Technological advancements such as artificial intelligence, remote sensing, and real-time soil monitoring offer innovative solutions for studying and managing biogeochemical cycles. These tools enable precise nutrient/element management, identification of ecosystem vulnerabilities, and the development of sustainable practices. Despite significant progress, research gaps remain, particularly in understanding the interlinkages between biogeochemical cycles and their responses to global change. This review underscores the need for integrated approaches that combine interdisciplinary research, technological innovation, and sustainable land-use strategies to mitigate human-induced disruptions and enhance ecosystem resilience. By addressing these challenges, biogeochemical processes and corresponding critical ecosystem services can be safeguarded, ensuring the sustainability of plant-soil systems in the face of environmental change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Asma Ayaz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Daniel Puppe
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Thomson T, Pilditch CA, Fusi M, Prinz N, Lundquist CJ, Ellis JI. Vulnerability of Labile Organic Matter to Eutrophication and Warming in Temperate Mangrove Ecosystems. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2025; 31:e70087. [PMID: 39950498 PMCID: PMC11826976 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.70087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2025] [Accepted: 01/29/2025] [Indexed: 02/17/2025]
Abstract
The sediments in mangrove forests play an important role in the global carbon cycle due to high inputs of organic matter (OM) and low decomposition rates, making them highly efficient at sequestering carbon. The balance between OM sequestration and decomposition in these systems is influenced by a complex interplay of environmental factors. However, there is a large amount of uncertainty surrounding decomposition rates from mangrove forests, particularly at regional scales. We used standardized decomposition assays of a labile and recalcitrant substrate in 30 estuaries, spanning a gradient in human land use intensity, to identify dominant drivers of OM decomposition in temperate mangrove forests. Our results reveal that, while labile OM decomposition is strongly driven by eutrophication, recalcitrant OM decomposition is primarily influenced by increases in the minimum sediment temperature. Furthermore, we demonstrate that nutrient enrichment from human land use, in combination with increased sediment temperature, synergistically accelerates the decomposition of labile OM, thereby threatening the carbon sequestration potential of these ecosystems. This suggests that coastal eutrophication can exacerbate the effects of warming on decomposition, leading to heightened vulnerability of carbon storage and potential feedbacks between local and global stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Conrad A. Pilditch
- School of ScienceUniversity of WaikatoTaurangaNew Zealand
- Insitute of Marine SciencesUniversity of Auckland, Science CentreAucklandNew Zealand
- School of EnvironmentUniversity of Auckland, Science CentreAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Marco Fusi
- Dove Marine Laboratory School of Natural and Environmental SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastleUK
| | - Natalie Prinz
- School of ScienceUniversity of WaikatoTaurangaNew Zealand
| | - Carolyn J. Lundquist
- School of EnvironmentUniversity of Auckland, Science CentreAucklandNew Zealand
- National Institute of Water & Atmospheric ResearchHamiltonNew Zealand
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
He L, Huang X, Jia K, Wang K, Lan B, Gu L, Zhu C, Wen M, Tong B, Tian T, Liao D. Responses of soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity to nitrogen and phosphorus depositions in a riparian zone. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2025; 374:124173. [PMID: 39837141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2024] [Revised: 01/06/2025] [Accepted: 01/16/2025] [Indexed: 01/23/2025]
Abstract
Nitrogen and phosphorus depositions and global warming have continuously intensified, impacting soil respiration. However, the response mechanisms of soil respiration rate (Rs) and its temperature sensitivity (Q10) to nitrogen and phosphorus depositions are still unclear, especially for riparian zones. Intact Fluvisols were collected at different water-level elevations (150, 160, 170, and 180 m) of the riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China and incubated under 20 and 30 °C with additions of nitrogen (36 kg N ha-1 yr-1), phosphorus (0.24 kg P ha-1 yr-1), and the co-addition (36 kg N ha-1 yr-1+0.24 kg P ha-1 yr-1). Nitrogen addition and the co-addition reduced Rs by 29.67% and 26.67%, but phosphorus addition did not. Nitrogen and phosphorus additions did not change Q10. Nitrogen addition increased nitrate, microbial biomass nitrogen, and dissolved organic nitrogen, and decreased metabolic quotient (P < 0.05). Distributions of Rs and Q10 were 160 m > 180 m > 150, 170 m, and 160 m > 150, 180 m > 170 m, respectively (P < 0.05). Controlling factors of Rs were soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon, and that of Q10 were pH and SOC. Nitrogen additions and the co-additions reduced Rs by increasing microbial nitrogen assimilation and carbon utilization efficiency. Rs and Q10 exhibited spatial heterogeneity due to soil property differences among the water-level elevations. The results indicated that the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus depositions and water-level elevations should be emphasized for evaluating, preventing, and controlling soil CO2 release from the riparian zone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LiPing He
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Georges University, Chongqing, 404100, PR China.
| | - XuLi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Georges University, Chongqing, 404100, PR China
| | - KaiTao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150006, PR China
| | - KeHong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Georges University, Chongqing, 404100, PR China
| | - Bo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Georges University, Chongqing, 404100, PR China
| | - Li Gu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Chi Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing, 210019, PR China
| | - Ming Wen
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Georges University, Chongqing, 404100, PR China
| | - Bo Tong
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Georges University, Chongqing, 404100, PR China
| | - Tao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Georges University, Chongqing, 404100, PR China
| | - DuoYan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Georges University, Chongqing, 404100, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang ZH, Li P, Wang C, Yang X. Impact of urban trees on carbon dioxide exchange: Mechanistic pathways, environmental controls, and feedback. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2025; 374:124028. [PMID: 39778357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 12/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/01/2025] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
Abstract
The increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere is held responsible for global climate changes. To meet the objective of achieving carbon neutrality and keeping global warming in check, many cities, as hotspots of CO2 emissions, have been promoting the use of urban greenery, urban trees in particular, to mitigate carbon emissions from the built environment. However, there remain large uncertainty and divergence of the potential of urban trees for carbon mitigation, with the underlying mechanisms poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive survey of the biophysical functions, their environmental controls, and possible heat-carbon-water feedback that mechanistically govern the CO2 exchange processes of trees in the built environment. This review helps to clarify some disparities and enables us to gain clearer insights into the participatory role of urban trees in the dynamics of CO2 exchange. In addition, we proposed a few guidelines for urban planning and management strategies of using trees to promote the sustainability of urban ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Wang
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Peiyuan Li
- Discovery Partners Institute, University of Illinois System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chenghao Wang
- School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA; Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Xueli Yang
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bai Y, Peng Y, Zhang D, Yang G, Chen L, Kang L, Zhou W, Wei B, Xie Y, Yang Y. Heating up the roof of the world: tracing the impacts of in-situ warming on carbon cycle in alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau. Natl Sci Rev 2025; 12:nwae371. [PMID: 39872222 PMCID: PMC11771398 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2025] Open
Abstract
Climate warming may induce substantial changes in the ecosystem carbon cycle, particularly for those climate-sensitive regions, such as alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau. By synthesizing findings from in-situ warming experiments, this review elucidates the mechanisms underlying the impacts of experimental warming on carbon cycle dynamics within these ecosystems. Generally, alterations in vegetation structure and prolonged growing season favor strategies for enhanced ecosystem carbon sequestration under warming conditions. Whilst warming modifies soil microbial communities and their carbon-related functions, its effects on soil carbon release fall behind the increased vegetation carbon uptake. Despite the fact that no significant accumulation of soil carbon stock has been detected upon warming, notable changes in its fractions indicate potential shifts in carbon stability. Future studies should prioritize deep soil carbon dynamics, the interactions of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles under warming scenarios, and the underlying biological mechanisms behind these responses. Furthermore, the integration of long-term warming experiments with Earth system models is essential for reducing the uncertainties of model predictions regarding future carbon-climate feedback in these climate-sensitive ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yunfeng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Dianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Guibiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Leiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Luyao Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuhong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen X, Chen S, Arthur MA, McCulley RL, Liu X, Xiong D, Xu C, Yang Z, Yang Y. Primary productivity regulates rhizosphere soil organic carbon: Evidence from a chronosequence of subtropical Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 955:177082. [PMID: 39454775 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 10/13/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024]
Abstract
Tree plantations worldwide are a large terrestrial carbon sink. Previous studies on the carbon sequestration capacity of plantations mainly focused on tree biomass carbon sequestration, but the importance of soil organic carbon (SOC) was relatively unclear. Living root carbon inputs influence SOC via plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere and play an essential role in nutrient cycling. Here, we compared SOC, including its fractions, microbial properties, and major nutrients in rhizosphere and bulk soils, and examined their relationships to net primary productivity (NPP) across three developmental stages of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations (6, 18, and 42 years old) in subtropical China. Although NPP differed among the three plantations, SOC concentration in bulk soils did not vary significantly among them. However, SOC concentration and labile C pool I and recalcitrant C pool in rhizosphere soils were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the young (6-year) and mature (42-year) plantations, both of which had lower (p < 0.05) NPP (-37.71 % and - 42.67 %) compared to the middle-aged (18-year) plantation, suggesting a decoupling of NPP from rhizosphere SOC in the plantations. The decoupling of NPP from rhizosphere SOC concentrations may be driven by nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) tree growth requirements, belowground C allocation, and resultant microbial activity in this highly weathered subtropical soil. Our study provides field-based evidence suggesting that rhizosphere SOC changes are primarily regulated by net primary production in subtropical forest plantations. We propose that accurate predictions of SOC dynamics in forest plantations require an improved understanding of rhizosphere processes during plantation development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbiao Chen
- School of Geographical sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanming 365002, Fujian, China
| | - Shidong Chen
- School of Geographical sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanming 365002, Fujian, China
| | - Mary A Arthur
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40508, USA
| | - Rebecca L McCulley
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546, USA
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- School of Geographical sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanming 365002, Fujian, China
| | - Decheng Xiong
- School of Geographical sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanming 365002, Fujian, China
| | - Chao Xu
- School of Geographical sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanming 365002, Fujian, China
| | - Zhijie Yang
- School of Geographical sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanming 365002, Fujian, China; Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40508, USA.
| | - Yusheng Yang
- School of Geographical sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanming 365002, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Woo DK. Enhanced crop yields as a potential mitigator of soil organic carbon losses under elevated temperature in erosional and depositional landscape. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175400. [PMID: 39142398 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The dynamics of agricultural soil organic carbon storage have been considerably influenced by the evolution of crop species, offering promising opportunities for restoring soil organic carbon under elevated temperatures through yield improvements. However, the intricate interplay between climate change and surface erosion processes poses challenges in understanding agricultural soil carbon dynamics in hilly landscapes. This study aimed to address these challenges by assessing the effects of climate change on soil organic carbon dynamics under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways 245 and 585. We utilized projections from 12 distinct global climate models, covering the period from 2015 to 2100. Additionally, we investigated the potential for improving soybean yields by 100 %, 200 %, and 300 % linearly by 2100 to offset the anticipated soil organic carbon losses. Using a coupled landscape and biogeochemical model, our analysis focused on a soybean field in Nenjiang County, China. Our findings revealed a distinct soil organic carbon profile in deposition areas, characterized by relatively low levels of soil organic carbon in surface layers, attributed to carbon influx from adjacent erosion areas with typically low carbon content. We modeled decreases in soil CO2 fluxes with escalating climate change, corresponding to expected decreases in soil organic carbon levels, despite concurrent rises in soil microbial activity linked to increasing temperatures. Erosion areas emerged as particularly vulnerable zones under elevated temperatures due to their higher proportion of soil CO2 fluxes relative to soil organic carbon levels compared to deposition areas. As a soil organic carbon restoration strategy, improvements in soybean yields showed promise in mitigating soil organic carbon losses through enhanced litter inputs and the cooling effects induced by shading the soil. This study underscored the potential for achieving the dual benefits of food security and soil organic carbon restoration in the coming decades through a unified approach to enhancing soybean yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kook Woo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cuartero J, Querejeta JI, Prieto I, Frey B, Alguacil MM. Warming and rainfall reduction alter soil microbial diversity and co-occurrence networks and enhance pathogenic fungi in dryland soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:175006. [PMID: 39069184 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In this 9-year manipulative field experiment, we examined the impacts of experimental warming (2 °C, W), rainfall reduction (30 % decrease in annual rainfall, RR), and their combination (W + RR) on soil microbial communities and native vegetation in a semi-arid shrubland in south-eastern Spain. Warming had strong negative effects on plant performance across five coexisting native shrub species, consistently reducing their aboveground biomass growth and long-term survival. The impacts of rainfall reduction on plant growth and survival were species-specific and more variable. Warming strongly altered the soil microbial community alpha-diversity and changed the co-occurrence network structure. The relative abundance of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increased under W and W + RR, which could help buffer the direct negative impacts of climate change on their host plants nutrition and enhance their resistance to heat and drought stress. Indicator microbial taxa analyses evidenced that the marked sequence abundance of many plant pathogenic fungi, such as Phaeoacremonium, Cyberlindnera, Acremonium, Occultifur, Neodevriesia and Stagonosporopsis, increased significantly in the W and W + RR treatments. Moreover, the relative abundance of fungal animal pathogens and mycoparasites in soil also increased significantly under climate warming. Our findings indicate that warmer and drier conditions sustained over several years can alter the soil microbial community structure, composition, and network topology. The projected warmer and drier climate favours pathogenic fungi, which could offset the benefits of increased AMF abundance under warming and further aggravate the severe detrimental impacts of increased abiotic stress on native vegetation performance and ecosystem services in drylands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Cuartero
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
| | - J I Querejeta
- Departamento de Conservación de Suelos y Agua, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain
| | - I Prieto
- Departamento de Conservación de Suelos y Agua, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain; Area de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - B Frey
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - M M Alguacil
- Departamento de Conservación de Suelos y Agua, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang Y, Tilman D, Jin Z, Smith P, Barrett CB, Zhu YG, Burney J, D'Odorico P, Fantke P, Fargione J, Finlay JC, Rulli MC, Sloat L, Jan van Groenigen K, West PC, Ziska L, Michalak AM, Lobell DB, Clark M, Colquhoun J, Garg T, Garrett KA, Geels C, Hernandez RR, Herrero M, Hutchison WD, Jain M, Jungers JM, Liu B, Mueller ND, Ortiz-Bobea A, Schewe J, Song J, Verheyen J, Vitousek P, Wada Y, Xia L, Zhang X, Zhuang M. Climate change exacerbates the environmental impacts of agriculture. Science 2024; 385:eadn3747. [PMID: 39236181 DOI: 10.1126/science.adn3747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Agriculture's global environmental impacts are widely expected to continue expanding, driven by population and economic growth and dietary changes. This Review highlights climate change as an additional amplifier of agriculture's environmental impacts, by reducing agricultural productivity, reducing the efficacy of agrochemicals, increasing soil erosion, accelerating the growth and expanding the range of crop diseases and pests, and increasing land clearing. We identify multiple pathways through which climate change intensifies agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, creating a potentially powerful climate change-reinforcing feedback loop. The challenges raised by climate change underscore the urgent need to transition to sustainable, climate-resilient agricultural systems. This requires investments that both accelerate adoption of proven solutions that provide multiple benefits, and that discover and scale new beneficial processes and food products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
- The National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings (Ministry of Science and Technology), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - David Tilman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Zhenong Jin
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Pete Smith
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland
| | - Christopher B Barrett
- CH Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, JE Brooks School of Public Policy, and Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jennifer Burney
- School of Global Policy and Strategy, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Paolo D'Odorico
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Peter Fantke
- substitute ApS, Graaspurvevej 55, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Joe Fargione
- The Nature Conservancy, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA
| | - Jacques C Finlay
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
- St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, Dept. of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, MN 55414, USA
| | | | - Lindsey Sloat
- World Resources Institute, Washington, DC 20002, USA
| | | | - Paul C West
- Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Project Drawdown, St. Paul, MN 55101, USA
| | - Lewis Ziska
- Environmental Health Science, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anna M Michalak
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Earth System Science, and Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - David B Lobell
- Department of Earth System Science and Center on Food Security and the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael Clark
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Jed Colquhoun
- The National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings (Ministry of Science and Technology), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Teevrat Garg
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Karen A Garrett
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Camilla Geels
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Rebecca R Hernandez
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Mario Herrero
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland
| | - William D Hutchison
- CH Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, JE Brooks School of Public Policy, and Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Meha Jain
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jacob M Jungers
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- School of Global Policy and Strategy, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nathaniel D Mueller
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Ariel Ortiz-Bobea
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jacob Schewe
- substitute ApS, Graaspurvevej 55, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jie Song
- Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Vitousek
- St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, Dept. of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, MN 55414, USA
| | - Yoshihide Wada
- Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Longlong Xia
- World Resources Institute, Washington, DC 20002, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, UK
| | - Minghao Zhuang
- Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang M, He H, Zhang L, Yu G, Ren X, Lv Y, Niu Z, Qin K, Gao Y. Increased ecological land and atmospheric CO 2 dominate the growth of ecosystem carbon sinks under the regulation of environmental conditions in national key ecological function zones in China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121906. [PMID: 39032258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Increased ecological land (IEL) such as forests and grasslands can greatly enhance ecosystem carbon sinks. Understanding the mechanisms for the magnitude of IEL-induced ecosystem carbon sinks is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality. We estimated the impact of IEL, specifically the increase in forests and grasslands, as well as global changes including atmospheric CO2 concentration, nitrogen deposition, and climate change on net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in National Key Ecological Function Zones (NKEFZs) in China using a calibrated ecological process model. The NEP in NKEFZs in China was calculated to be 119.4 Tg C yr-1, showing an increase of 42.6 Tg C yr-1 from 2001 to 2021. Compared to the slight contributions of climate change (-8.0%), nitrogen deposition (11.5%), and reduction in ecological land (-3.5%), the increase in NEP was primarily attributed to CO2 (66.5%) and IEL (33.5%). Moreover, the effect of IEL (14.8 Tg C yr-1) surpassed that of global change (13.1 Tg C yr-1) in the land use change zone. The IEL-induced NEP is significantly associated with CO2 fertilization, regulated by precipitation and nitrogen deposition. The high values of IEL-induced NEP occurred in areas with precipitation exceeding 800 mm and nitrogen deposition exceeding 25 kg N ha-1 yr-1. We recommend prioritizing the expansion of ecological land in areas with sufficient water and nutrients to enhance CO2 fertilization, while avoiding increasing ecological land in regions facing unfavorable climate change conditions. This study serves as a foundation for comprehending the NEP response to ecological restoration and global change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Honglin He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaoli Ren
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhong'en Niu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Keyu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yanni Gao
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xiao Q, Xie Y, Hu F, Hu C. Current Status and Trends of Low-Temperature Steel Used in Polar Regions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3117. [PMID: 38998201 PMCID: PMC11242067 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The desire to explore the natural resources and geopolitical patterns of the North and South Poles has significantly increased the interest of experts and researchers in the development and utilization of the polar regions. In this article, we comprehensively analyzed the current state of the development of polar low-temperature steel around the world. We highlighted the challenges that must be addressed in the ongoing development efforts and summarized the expected future trends in this field. The main theme of this article involves the challenges encountered in polar environments primarily caused by the low-temperature toughness and seawater corrosion of marine steel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaozhou Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; (Q.X.); (F.H.)
| | | | - Chengyang Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; (Q.X.); (F.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mao Y, Chen K, Ji W, Yang Y. The Response of Soil Respiration to Temperature and Humidity in the Thermokarst Depression Zone of the Headwater Wetlands of Qinghai Lake. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:437. [PMID: 38927317 PMCID: PMC11200773 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
As the climate warms, the thickening of the active layer of permafrost has led to permafrost melting and surface collapse, forming thermokarst landforms. These changes significantly impact regional vegetation, soil physicochemical properties, and hydrological processes, thereby exacerbating regional carbon cycling. This study analyzed the relationship between soil respiration rate (Rs), soil temperature (T), and volumetric water content (VWC) in the thermokarst depression zone of the headwater wetlands of Qinghai Lake, revealing their influence on these soil parameters. Results showed a significant positive correlation between soil temperature and Rs (p < 0.001), and a significant negative correlation between VWC and Rs (p < 0.001). The inhibitory effect of VWC on Rs in the thermokarst depression zone was stronger than under natural conditions (p < 0.05). Single-factor models indicated that the temperature-driven model had higher explanatory power for Rs variation in both the thermokarst depression zone (R2 = 0.509) and under natural conditions (R2 = 0.414), while the humidity-driven model had lower explanatory power. Dual-factor models further improved explanatory power, slightly more so in the thermokarst depression zone. This indicates that temperature and humidity jointly drive Rs. Additionally, during the daytime, temperature had a more significant impact on Rs under natural conditions, while increased VWC inhibited Rs. At night, the positive correlation between Rs and temperature in the thermokarst depression zone increased significantly. The temperature sensitivity (Q10) values of Rs were 3.32 and 1.80 for the thermokarst depression zone and natural conditions, respectively, indicating higher sensitivity to temperature changes at night in the thermokarst depression zone. This study highlights the complexity of soil respiration responses to temperature and humidity in the thermokarst depression zone of Qinghai Lake's headwater wetlands, contributing to understanding carbon cycling in wetland ecosystems and predicting wetland carbon emissions under climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Mao
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (Y.M.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Qinghai Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Qinghai, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Haibei 812300, China
| | - Kelong Chen
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (Y.M.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Qinghai Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Qinghai, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Haibei 812300, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (Y.M.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Qinghai Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Qinghai, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Haibei 812300, China
- Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang 222006, China
| | - Yanli Yang
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, College of Geographical Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; (Y.M.); (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Qinghai Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Qinghai, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Haibei 812300, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Y, Fang J, Li X, Li C, Zhao Y, Liu J. Microorganisms Directly Affected Sediment Carbon–Nitrogen Coupling in Two Constructed Wetlands. WATER 2024; 16:1550. [DOI: 10.3390/w16111550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Clarifying the carbon–nitrogen coupling pattern in wetlands is crucial for understanding the driving mechanism of wetland carbon sequestration. However, the impacts of plants and environmental factors on the coupling of carbon–nitrogen in wetland sediments are still unclear. Sediment samples from plant (Typha angustifolia and Phragmites australis)-covered habitats and bare land were collected in two constructed wetlands in northern China. The contents of different forms of carbon and nitrogen in sediments and plants, and the sediment microbial community were detected. It was found that the sediment carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios did not differ significantly in the bare sites of different wetlands, but did in the plant-covered sites, which highlighted the different role of plants in shifting the carbon–nitrogen coupling in different constructed wetlands. The effects of plants on the sediment carbon–nitrogen coupling differed in two constructed wetlands, so the structural equation model was used and found that sediment microorganisms directly affected sediment C/N ratios, while water and sediment physicochemical properties indirectly affected sediment C/N ratios by altering sediment microbial functions. Multiple linear regression models showed that water pH, sediment moisture content, water dissolved oxygen, and water depth had a greater influence on the carbon metabolism potential of the sediment microbial community, while sediment moisture content had the greatest impact on the sediment microbial nitrogen metabolism potential. The study indicates that variations in environmental conditions could alter the influence of plants on the carbon and nitrogen cycles of wetland sediments. Water environmental factors mainly affect microbial carbon metabolism functions, while soil physicochemical factors, especially water content, affect microbial carbon and nitrogen metabolism functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jiaohui Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273100, China
| | - Xin Li
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Changchao Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongkang Zhao
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang H, Guo Y, Fang N, Dong B, Wu X. Greenhouse gas emissions of sewage sludge land application in urban green space: A field experiment in a Bermuda grassland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172106. [PMID: 38556015 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Sewage sludge land application is recognized as a strategy for recycling resource and replenishing soil nutrients. However, the subsequent greenhouse gas emissions following this practice are not yet fully understood, and the lack of quantitative research and field experiments monitoring these emissions hampers the establishment of reliable emission factors. This study investigated the greenhouse gas emission characteristics of sewage sludge land application through a field experiment that monitoring soil greenhouse gas fluxes. Seven nitrogen input treatments were implemented in a typical Bermuda grassland in China, with D and C representing the amendment of digested and composted sludge, respectively, at the nitrogen input rate of 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg N ha-1. Soil CH4, CO2, and N2O fluxes were measured throughout the entire experimental period, and soil samples from different treatments at various growth stages were analyzed. The results revealed that sewage sludge land application significantly increased soil N2O and CO2 emissions while slightly reducing soil CH4 uptake. The increased CO2 emissions were biogenic and carbon-neutral, mainly due to enhanced plant root respiration. The N2O emissions were the primary greenhouse gas emissions of sewage sludge land application, which were mainly concentrated in two 50-day periods following base and topdressing fertilization, respectively. N2O emissions following base fertilization by rotary tillage were substantially lower than those following topdressing fertilization. A logarithmic response relationship between N input rates and increased soil N2O emissions was observed, suggesting lower N2O emissions from sewage sludge land application compared to conventional N fertilizers at the same N input level. Future field experiments and meta-analysis are necessary to develop reliable greenhouse gas emission factors for sewage sludge land application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200050, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Yali Guo
- Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
| | - Ning Fang
- Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
| | - Bin Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Xuefei Wu
- Shanghai National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200082, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Han Y, Wang G, Xiong L, Xu Y, Li S. Rainfall effect on soil respiration depends on antecedent soil moisture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172130. [PMID: 38569962 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Climate change has a discernible influence on rainfall patterns, thus potentially affecting the intricate dynamics of soil respiration (Rs) and soil carbon storage. However, we still lack a profound understanding of the determinants of Rs response to rainfall events. Here, utilizing a comprehensive 10-year dataset (2004-2013), we explored the direction and magnitude of Rs response to rainfall events and the underlying determinants in a temperate forest. Based on the identified 368 rainfall events over the study period, we demonstrate that rainfall suppresses Rs when the soil moisture is optimal and moist in the growing season, whereas its effect on Rs during the non-growing season is minimal. Notably, antecedent soil moisture, rather than rainfall amount, shows a substantial impact on Rs during the growing season (coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.37 for antecedent soil moisture, and R2 < 0.01 for rainfall amount). Incorporating antecedent soil moisture significantly enhances the explanatory power (R2) from 0.09 to 0.45 regarding the relative changes in Rs following rainfall events. Our results highlight the environmental dependency of Rs response to rainfall events and suggest that incorporating the role of antecedent soil moisture could enhance predictability and reduce uncertainty in ecosystem modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Gangsheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Lihua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Guo Z, Liu CA, Hua K, Wang D, Wu P, Wan S, He C, Zhan L, Wu J. Changing soil available substrate primarily caused by fertilization management contributed more to soil respiration temperature sensitivity than microbial community thermal adaptation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169059. [PMID: 38061650 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Substrate depletion and microbial community thermal adaptation are major mechanisms that regulate the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of soil microbial respiration. Traditionally, the Q10 of soil microbial respiration is measured using laboratory incubation, which has limits in the continuous input of available substrates and the time scale for microbial community thermal adaptation. How the available substrate and the soil microbial community regulate the Q10 of soil microbial respiration under natural warming conditions remains unclear. To fill this gap in knowledge, a long-term field experiment was conducted consisting of two years of soil respiration observations combined with a soil available substrate and microbial community thermal adaptation analysis under seasonal warming conditions. The Q10 of soil respiration was calculated using the square root method, and it was more affected by the available substrate than by microbial community thermal adaptation. Fertilization management has a stronger effect on soil available substrate than temperature. As the temperature increased, NH4-N proved itself to be important for the bacterial community in the process of Q10 regulation, while dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen were key factors for the fungal community. Based on the niche breadth of microbial community composition, the changing Q10 of the soil respiration was not only closely associated with the specialist community, but also the generalist and neutralist communities. Furthermore, bacterial community thermal adaptation primarily occurred through shifts in the abundances of specialists and neutralists, while changes in species richness and species replacement occurred for the fungal generalists and neutralists. This work indicates that changing available nitrogen and DOC primarily caused by fertilization management contributed more in regulating the Q10 of soil microbial respiration than microbial community thermal adaptation, and there are different mechanisms for bacterial and fungal community thermal adaptation under warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Guo
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Chang-An Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun town, Mengla County, Yunnan Province 666303, China.
| | - Keke Hua
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Daozhong Wang
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
| | - Pingping Wu
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Shuixia Wan
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Chuanlong He
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Linchuan Zhan
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Resources Environment of AnHui Province, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
| |
Collapse
|