1
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Xue R, Beer M, Seidler I, Humpohl S, Tu JS, Trellenkamp S, Struck T, Bluhm H, Schreiber LR. Si/SiGe QuBus for single electron information-processing devices with memory and micron-scale connectivity function. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2296. [PMID: 38485971 PMCID: PMC10940717 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The connectivity within single carrier information-processing devices requires transport and storage of single charge quanta. Single electrons have been adiabatically transported while confined to a moving quantum dot in short, all-electrical Si/SiGe shuttle device, called quantum bus (QuBus). Here we show a QuBus spanning a length of 10 μm and operated by only six simply-tunable voltage pulses. We introduce a characterization method, called shuttle-tomography, to benchmark the potential imperfections and local shuttle-fidelity of the QuBus. The fidelity of the single-electron shuttle across the full device and back (a total distance of 19 μm) is (99.7 ± 0.3) %. Using the QuBus, we position and detect up to 34 electrons and initialize a register of 34 quantum dots with arbitrarily chosen patterns of zero and single-electrons. The simple operation signals, compatibility with industry fabrication and low spin-environment-interaction in 28Si/SiGe, promises long-range spin-conserving transport of spin qubits for quantum connectivity in quantum computing architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xue
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Max Beer
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Inga Seidler
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Simon Humpohl
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jhih-Sian Tu
- Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Stefan Trellenkamp
- Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tom Struck
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bluhm
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars R Schreiber
- JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- ARQUE Systems GmbH, Aachen, Germany.
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2
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Descamps T, Schetelat T, Gao J, Poole PJ, Dalacu D, Elshaari AW, Zwiller V. Dynamic Strain Modulation of a Nanowire Quantum Dot Compatible with a Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Photonic Platform. ACS PHOTONICS 2023; 10:3691-3699. [PMID: 37869556 PMCID: PMC10588554 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The integration of indistinguishable single photon sources in photonic circuits is a major prerequisite for on-chip quantum applications. Among the various high-quality sources, nanowire quantum dots can be efficiently coupled to optical waveguides because of their preferred emission direction along their growth direction. However, local tuning of the emission properties remains challenging. In this work, we transfer a nanowire quantum dot onto a bulk lithium niobate substrate and show that its emission can be dynamically tuned by acousto-optical coupling with surface acoustic waves. The purity of the single photon source is preserved during the strain modulation. We further demonstrate that the transduction is maintained even with a SiO2 encapsulation layer deposited on top of the nanowire acting as the cladding of a photonic circuit. Based on these experimental findings and numerical simulations, we introduce a device architecture consisting of a nanowire quantum dot efficiently coupled to a thin-film lithium niobate rib waveguide and strain-tunable by surface acoustic waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Descamps
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken
21, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tanguy Schetelat
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken
21, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jun Gao
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken
21, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philip J. Poole
- National
Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Dan Dalacu
- National
Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Ali W. Elshaari
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken
21, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Val Zwiller
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken
21, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Single
Quantum BV, Rotterdamseweg
394, 2629HH Delft, The Netherlands
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3
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Wang J, Edlbauer H, Richard A, Ota S, Park W, Shim J, Ludwig A, Wieck AD, Sim HS, Urdampilleta M, Meunier T, Kodera T, Kaneko NH, Sellier H, Waintal X, Takada S, Bäuerle C. Coulomb-mediated antibunching of an electron pair surfing on sound. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023:10.1038/s41565-023-01368-5. [PMID: 37169896 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01368-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Electron flying qubits are envisioned as potential information links within a quantum computer, but also promise-like photonic approaches-to serve as self-standing quantum processing units. In contrast to their photonic counterparts, electron-quantum-optics implementations are subject to Coulomb interactions, which provide a direct route to entangle the orbital or spin degree of freedom. However, controlled interaction of flying electrons at the single-particle level has not yet been established experimentally. Here we report antibunching of a pair of single electrons that is synchronously shuttled through a circuit of coupled quantum rails by means of a surface acoustic wave. The in-flight partitioning process exhibits a reciprocal gating effect which allows us to ascribe the observed repulsion predominantly to Coulomb interaction. Our single-shot experiment marks an important milestone on the route to realize a controlled-phase gate for in-flight quantum manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junliang Wang
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France
| | - Hermann Edlbauer
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France
| | - Aymeric Richard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France
| | - Shunsuke Ota
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Wanki Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeongmin Shim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Center for NanoScience, and Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Arne Ludwig
- Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Festkörperphysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas D Wieck
- Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Festkörperphysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Heung-Sun Sim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | - Tristan Meunier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France
| | - Tetsuo Kodera
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobu-Hisa Kaneko
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hermann Sellier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Waintal
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC-Pheliqs, Grenoble, France
| | - Shintaro Takada
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), Tsukuba, Japan
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4
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Lin T, Gu SS, Xu YQ, Jiang SL, Ye SK, Wang BC, Li HO, Guo GC, Zou CL, Hu X, Cao G, Guo GP. Collective Microwave Response for Multiple Gate-Defined Double Quantum Dots. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:4176-4182. [PMID: 37133858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We fabricate and characterize a hybrid quantum device that consists of five gate-defined double quantum dots (DQDs) and a high-impedance NbTiN transmission resonator. The controllable interactions between DQDs and the resonator are spectroscopically explored by measuring the microwave transmission through the resonator in the detuning parameter space. Utilizing the high tunability of the system parameters and the high cooperativity (Ctotal > 17.6) interaction between the qubit ensemble and the resonator, we tune the charge-photon coupling and observe the collective microwave response changing from linear to nonlinear. Our results present the maximum number of DQDs coupled to a resonator and manifest a potential platform for scaling up qubits and studying collective quantum effects in semiconductor-superconductor hybrid cavity quantum electrodynamics systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lin
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Si-Si Gu
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Xu
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shun-Li Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shu-Kun Ye
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bao-Chuan Wang
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hai-Ou Li
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Guang-Can Guo
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Xuedong Hu
- Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-1500, United States of America
| | - Gang Cao
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Guo-Ping Guo
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Chinese Academy of Science Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- Origin Quantum Computing Company Limited, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
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5
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Noiri A, Takeda K, Nakajima T, Kobayashi T, Sammak A, Scappucci G, Tarucha S. A shuttling-based two-qubit logic gate for linking distant silicon quantum processors. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5740. [PMID: 36180449 PMCID: PMC9525571 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33453-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of entanglement between qubits at distant quantum processors using a two-qubit gate is an essential function of a scalable, modular implementation of quantum computation. Among the many qubit platforms, spin qubits in silicon quantum dots are promising for large-scale integration along with their nanofabrication capability. However, linking distant silicon quantum processors is challenging as two-qubit gates in spin qubits typically utilize short-range exchange coupling, which is only effective between nearest-neighbor quantum dots. Here we demonstrate a two-qubit gate between spin qubits via coherent spin shuttling, a key technology for linking distant silicon quantum processors. Coherent shuttling of a spin qubit enables efficient switching of the exchange coupling with an on/off ratio exceeding 1000, while preserving the spin coherence by 99.6% for the single shuttling between neighboring dots. With this shuttling-mode exchange control, we demonstrate a two-qubit controlled-phase gate with a fidelity of 93%, assessed via randomized benchmarking. Combination of our technique and a phase coherent shuttling of a qubit across a large quantum dot array will provide feasible path toward a quantum link between distant silicon quantum processors, a key requirement for large-scale quantum computation. A coherent quantum link between distant quantum processors is desirable for scaling up of quantum computation. Noiri et al. demonstrate a strategy to link distant quantum processors in silicon, by implementing a shuttling-based two-qubit gate between spin qubits in a Si/SiGe triple quantum dot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Noiri
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Japan.
| | - Kenta Takeda
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Japan
| | | | | | - Amir Sammak
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Giordano Scappucci
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.,Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Seigo Tarucha
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Japan. .,RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC), Wako, Japan.
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6
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Yoneda J, Huang W, Feng M, Yang CH, Chan KW, Tanttu T, Gilbert W, Leon RCC, Hudson FE, Itoh KM, Morello A, Bartlett SD, Laucht A, Saraiva A, Dzurak AS. Coherent spin qubit transport in silicon. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4114. [PMID: 34226564 PMCID: PMC8257656 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A fault-tolerant quantum processor may be configured using stationary qubits interacting only with their nearest neighbours, but at the cost of significant overheads in physical qubits per logical qubit. Such overheads could be reduced by coherently transporting qubits across the chip, allowing connectivity beyond immediate neighbours. Here we demonstrate high-fidelity coherent transport of an electron spin qubit between quantum dots in isotopically-enriched silicon. We observe qubit precession in the inter-site tunnelling regime and assess the impact of qubit transport using Ramsey interferometry and quantum state tomography techniques. We report a polarization transfer fidelity of 99.97% and an average coherent transfer fidelity of 99.4%. Our results provide key elements for high-fidelity, on-chip quantum information distribution, as long envisaged, reinforcing the scaling prospects of silicon-based spin qubits.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yoneda
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Tokyo Tech Academy for Super Smart Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - W Huang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Solid State Physics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Feng
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C H Yang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K W Chan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - T Tanttu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - W Gilbert
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - R C C Leon
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - F E Hudson
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K M Itoh
- School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - A Morello
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - S D Bartlett
- Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Laucht
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Saraiva
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A S Dzurak
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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