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Trejo-Solís C, Castillo-Rodríguez RA, Serrano-García N, Silva-Adaya D, Vargas-Cruz S, Chávez-Cortéz EG, Gallardo-Pérez JC, Zavala-Vega S, Cruz-Salgado A, Magaña-Maldonado R. Metabolic Roles of HIF1, c-Myc, and p53 in Glioma Cells. Metabolites 2024; 14:249. [PMID: 38786726 PMCID: PMC11122955 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14050249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The metabolic reprogramming that promotes tumorigenesis in glioblastoma is induced by dynamic alterations in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, as well as in transcriptional and signaling networks, which result in changes in global genetic expression. The signaling pathways PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK stimulate cell metabolism, either directly or indirectly, by modulating the transcriptional factors p53, HIF1, and c-Myc. The overexpression of HIF1 and c-Myc, master regulators of cellular metabolism, is a key contributor to the synthesis of bioenergetic molecules that mediate glioma cell transformation, proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion by modifying the transcription levels of key gene groups involved in metabolism. Meanwhile, the tumor-suppressing protein p53, which negatively regulates HIF1 and c-Myc, is often lost in glioblastoma. Alterations in this triad of transcriptional factors induce a metabolic shift in glioma cells that allows them to adapt and survive changes such as mutations, hypoxia, acidosis, the presence of reactive oxygen species, and nutrient deprivation, by modulating the activity and expression of signaling molecules, enzymes, metabolites, transporters, and regulators involved in glycolysis and glutamine metabolism, the pentose phosphate cycle, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, as well as the synthesis and degradation of fatty acids and nucleic acids. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the role of HIF1, c-Myc, and p53 in the genic regulatory network for metabolism in glioma cells, as well as potential therapeutic inhibitors of these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Trejo-Solís
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Departamento de Neurofisiología, Laboratorio Clínico y Banco de Sangre y Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (N.S.-G.); (D.S.-A.); (S.Z.-V.)
| | | | - Norma Serrano-García
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Departamento de Neurofisiología, Laboratorio Clínico y Banco de Sangre y Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (N.S.-G.); (D.S.-A.); (S.Z.-V.)
| | - Daniela Silva-Adaya
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Departamento de Neurofisiología, Laboratorio Clínico y Banco de Sangre y Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (N.S.-G.); (D.S.-A.); (S.Z.-V.)
- Centro de Investigación Sobre el Envejecimiento, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CIE-CINVESTAV), Ciudad de Mexico 14330, Mexico
| | - Salvador Vargas-Cruz
- Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital Ángeles del Pedregal, Camino a Sta. Teresa, Ciudad de Mexico 10700, Mexico;
| | | | - Juan Carlos Gallardo-Pérez
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ciudad de Mexico 14080, Mexico;
| | - Sergio Zavala-Vega
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Departamento de Neurofisiología, Laboratorio Clínico y Banco de Sangre y Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (N.S.-G.); (D.S.-A.); (S.Z.-V.)
| | - Arturo Cruz-Salgado
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico;
| | - Roxana Magaña-Maldonado
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Departamento de Neurofisiología, Laboratorio Clínico y Banco de Sangre y Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (N.S.-G.); (D.S.-A.); (S.Z.-V.)
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Zacarías-Fluck MF, Soucek L, Whitfield JR. MYC: there is more to it than cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1342872. [PMID: 38510176 PMCID: PMC10952043 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1342872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
MYC is a pleiotropic transcription factor involved in multiple cellular processes. While its mechanism of action and targets are not completely elucidated, it has a fundamental role in cellular proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, ribogenesis, and bone and vascular development. Over 4 decades of research and some 10,000 publications linking it to tumorigenesis (by searching PubMed for "MYC oncogene") have led to MYC becoming a most-wanted target for the treatment of cancer, where many of MYC's physiological functions become co-opted for tumour initiation and maintenance. In this context, an abundance of reviews describes strategies for potentially targeting MYC in the oncology field. However, its multiple roles in different aspects of cellular biology suggest that it may also play a role in many additional diseases, and other publications are indeed linking MYC to pathologies beyond cancer. Here, we review these physiological functions and the current literature linking MYC to non-oncological diseases. The intense efforts towards developing MYC inhibitors as a cancer therapy will potentially have huge implications for the treatment of other diseases. In addition, with a complementary approach, we discuss some diseases and conditions where MYC appears to play a protective role and hence its increased expression or activation could be therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano F. Zacarías-Fluck
- Models of Cancer Therapies Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Soucek
- Models of Cancer Therapies Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Peptomyc S.L., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jonathan R. Whitfield
- Models of Cancer Therapies Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
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Sharma S, Sharma M, Rana AK, Joshi R, Swarnkar MK, Acharya V, Singh D. Deciphering key regulators involved in epilepsy-induced cardiac damage through whole transcriptome and proteome analysis in a rat model. Epilepsia 2020; 62:504-516. [PMID: 33341939 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a major outcome of cardiac dysfunction in patients with epilepsy. In continuation of our previous work, the present study was envisaged to explore the key regulators responsible for cardiac damage associated with chronic seizures using whole transcriptome and proteome analysis in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. METHODS A standard lithium-pilocarpine protocol was used to induce recurrent seizures in rats. The isolated rat heart tissue was subjected to transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. An integrated approach of RNA-Seq, proteomics, and system biology analysis was used to identify key regulators involved in seizure-linked cardiac changes. The analyzed differential expression patterns and network interactions were supported by gene and protein expression studies. RESULTS Altogether, 1157 differentially expressed genes and 1264 proteins were identified in the cardiac tissue of epileptic animals through RNA-Seq and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis, respectively. The network analysis revealed seven critical genes-STAT3, Myc, Fos, Erbb2, Erbb3, Notch1, and Mapk8-that could play a role in seizure-mediated cardiac changes. The LC-MS/MS analysis supported the activation of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway in the heart of epileptic animals. Furthermore, our gene and protein expression studies established a key role of STAT3, Erbb, and Mapk8 to develop cardiac changes linked with recurrent seizures. SIGNIFICANCE The present multi-omics study identified STAT3, Mapk8, and Erbb as key regulators involved in seizure-associated cardiac changes. It provided a deeper understanding of molecular, cellular, and network-level operations of the identified regulators that lead to cardiac changes in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Sharma
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Meetal Sharma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.,Functional Genomics and Complex System Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | - Anil Kumar Rana
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Robin Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | - Mohit Kumar Swarnkar
- Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | - Vishal Acharya
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.,Functional Genomics and Complex System Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Fetal Hypoxia Impacts on Proliferation and Differentiation of Sca-1 + Cardiac Progenitor Cells and Maturation of Cardiomyocytes: A Role of MicroRNA-210. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11030328. [PMID: 32244901 PMCID: PMC7140790 DOI: 10.3390/genes11030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of the most frequent and severe stresses to an organism’s homeostatic mechanisms, and hypoxia during gestation has profound adverse effects on the heart development increasing the occurrence of congenital heart defects (CHDs). Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) are responsible for early heart development and the later occurrence of heart disease. However, the mechanism of how hypoxic stress affects CPC fate decisions and contributes to CHDs remains a topic of debate. Here we examined the effect of hypoxic stress on the regulations of CPC fate decisions and the potential mechanism. We found that experimental induction of hypoxic responses compromised CPC function by regulating CPC proliferation and differentiation and restraining cardiomyocyte maturation. In addition, echocardiography indicated that fetal hypoxia reduced interventricular septum thickness at diastole and the ejection time, but increased the heart rate, in mouse young adult offspring with a gender-related difference. Further study revealed that hypoxia upregulated microRNA-210 expression in Sca-1+ CPCs and impeded the cell differentiation. Blockage of microRNA-210 with LNA-anti-microRNA-210 significantly promoted differentiation of Sca-1+ CPCs into cardiomyocytes. Thus, the present findings provide clear evidence that hypoxia alters CPC fate decisions and reveal a novel mechanism of microRNA-210 in the hypoxic effect, raising the possibility of microRNA-210 as a potential therapeutic target for heart disease.
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Wang J, Xue X, Fan K, Liu Q, Zhang S, Peng M, Zhou J, Cao Z. Moderate hypoxia modulates ABCG2 to promote the proliferation of mouse spermatogonial stem cells by maintaining mild ROS levels. Theriogenology 2019; 145:149-157. [PMID: 31733931 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different oxygen (O2) concentrations on the growth of mouse spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and the possible mechanisms of cell proliferation in vitro. The SSCs from testicular cells were cultured in various O2 concentrations (1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 20% O2) for 7 days. Colonies of SSCs were identified morphologically and by immunofluorescence. The number of mouse SSC colonies and the area covered by them were measured. Cell cycle progression of the SSCs was analyzed to identify the state of cell proliferation. The effects of O2 concentrations on the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) were also analyzed in the SSCs. Following culturing for 7 days, the SSCs were treated with Ko143 (a specific inhibitor of ABCG2) for 1 h, and the ROS level and expression of bcl-2, bax, and p53 were analyzed. The results showed that mouse SSCs formed compact colonies and had unclear borders in different O2 concentrations for 7 days, and there were no major morphologic differences between the O2 treatment groups. The expression of the SSC marker, GFR α1 was studied in each O2 treatment group. The number and area of SSC colonies, and the number of GFR α1 positive cells were the highest in the 2.5% O2 treatment group. Compared with other O2 concentrations, the number of cells in G0 cycle was significantly higher, while the level of intracellular ROS was lower at 1% O2. Moreover, the intracellular ROS levels gradually increased with increasing O2 concentration from 1% to 20%. The expression of ABCG2 in the SSCs cultured at 2.5% O2 was higher than in the other O2 groups. Inhibition of ABCG2 increased intracellular ROS generation, and the expression of the pro-apoptotic genes bax and p53, and decreased the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2. In conclusion, moderate to low O2 tension increases ABCG2 expression to maintain mild ROS levels, triggers the expression of the anti-apoptotic genes, suppresses the proapoptotic gene pathway, and further promotes the proliferation of mouse SSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding in Anhui Provincial, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control in Anhui Provincial, Hefei, China.
| | - Xiuheng Xue
- College of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
| | - Kai Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Suzi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengling Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control in Anhui Provincial, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control in Anhui Provincial, Hefei, China
| | - Zubing Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding in Anhui Provincial, Hefei, China
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Docshin PM, Karpov AA, Eyvazova SD, Puzanov MV, Kostareva AA, Galagudza MM, Malashicheva AB. Activation of Cardiac Stem Cells in Myocardial Infarction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x18030045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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