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Clarke T, Fernandez FE, Dawson PA. Sulfation Pathways During Neurodevelopment. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:866196. [PMID: 35495624 PMCID: PMC9047184 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.866196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfate is an important nutrient that modulates a diverse range of molecular and cellular functions in mammalian physiology. Over the past 2 decades, animal studies have linked numerous sulfate maintenance genes with neurological phenotypes, including seizures, impaired neurodevelopment, and behavioral abnormalities. Despite sulfation pathways being highly conserved between humans and animals, less than one third of all known sulfate maintenance genes are clinically reportable. In this review, we curated the temporal and spatial expression of 91 sulfate maintenance genes in human fetal brain from 4 to 17 weeks post conception using the online Human Developmental Biology Resource Expression. In addition, we performed a systematic search of PubMed and Embase, identifying those sulfate maintenance genes linked to atypical neurological phenotypes in humans and animals. Those findings, together with a search of the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database, identified a total of 18 candidate neurological dysfunction genes that are not yet considered in clinical settings. Collectively, this article provides an overview of sulfate biology genes to inform future investigations of perturbed sulfate homeostasis associated with neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Clarke
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, QLD, Australia
| | - Francesca E. Fernandez
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul A. Dawson
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Paul A. Dawson,
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2
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Casingal CR, Descant KD, Anton ES. Coordinating cerebral cortical construction and connectivity: Unifying influence of radial progenitors. Neuron 2022; 110:1100-1115. [PMID: 35216663 PMCID: PMC8989671 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Radial progenitor development and function lay the foundation for the construction of the cerebral cortex. Radial glial scaffold, through its functions as a source of neurogenic progenitors and neuronal migration guide, is thought to provide a template for the formation of the cerebral cortex. Emerging evidence is challenging this limited view. Intriguingly, radial glial scaffold may also play a role in axonal growth, guidance, and neuronal connectivity. Radial glial cells not only facilitate the generation, placement, and allocation of neurons in the cortex but also regulate how they wire up. The organization and function of radial glial cells may thus be a unifying feature of the developing cortex that helps to precisely coordinate the right patterns of neurogenesis, neuronal placement, and connectivity necessary for the emergence of a functional cerebral cortex. This perspective critically explores this emerging view and its impact in the context of human brain development and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristine R Casingal
- UNC Neuroscience Center, the Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Katherine D Descant
- UNC Neuroscience Center, the Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - E S Anton
- UNC Neuroscience Center, the Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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3
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Physiology and Pathophysiology of Heparan Sulfate in Animal Models: Its Biosynthesis and Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041963. [PMID: 35216081 PMCID: PMC8876164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) is a type of glycosaminoglycan that plays a key role in a variety of biological functions in neurology, skeletal development, immunology, and tumor metastasis. Biosynthesis of HS is initiated by a link of xylose to Ser residue of HS proteoglycans, followed by the formation of a linker tetrasaccharide. Then, an extension reaction of HS disaccharide occurs through polymerization of many repetitive units consisting of iduronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. Subsequently, several modification reactions take place to complete the maturation of HS. The sulfation positions of N-, 2-O-, 6-O-, and 3-O- are all mediated by specific enzymes that may have multiple isozymes. C5-epimerization is facilitated by the epimerase enzyme that converts glucuronic acid to iduronic acid. Once these enzymatic reactions have been completed, the desulfation reaction further modifies HS. Apart from HS biosynthesis, the degradation of HS is largely mediated by the lysosome, an intracellular organelle with acidic pH. Mucopolysaccharidosis is a genetic disorder characterized by an accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the body associated with neuronal, skeletal, and visceral disorders. Genetically modified animal models have significantly contributed to the understanding of the in vivo role of these enzymes. Their role and potential link to diseases are also discussed.
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4
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Diffusion magnetic resonance tractography-based evaluation of commissural fiber abnormalities in a heparan sulfate endosulfatase-deficient mouse brain. Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 88:123-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2022.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Miya K, Keino-Masu K, Okada T, Kobayashi K, Masu M. Expression of Heparan Sulfate Endosulfatases in the Adult Mouse Brain: Co-expression of Sulf1 and Dopamine D1/D2 Receptors. Front Neuroanat 2021; 15:726718. [PMID: 34489650 PMCID: PMC8417564 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.726718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatases, Sulfatase 1 (Sulf1), and Sulfatase 2 (Sulf2), are extracellular enzymes that regulate cellular signaling by removing 6-O-sulfate from the heparan sulfate chain. Although previous studies have revealed that Sulfs are essential for normal development, their functions in the adult brain remain largely unknown. To gain insight into their neural functions, we used in situ hybridization to systematically examine Sulf1/2 mRNA expression in the adult mouse brain. Sulf1 and Sulf2 mRNAs showed distinct expression patterns, which is in contrast to their overlapping expression in the embryonic brain. In addition, we found that Sulf1 was distinctly expressed in the nucleus accumbens shell, the posterior tail of the striatum, layer 6 of the cerebral cortex, and the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus, all of which are target areas of dopaminergic projections. Using double-labeling techniques, we showed that Sulf1-expressing cells in the above regions coincided with cells expressing the dopamine D1 and/or D2 receptor. These findings implicate possible roles of Sulf1 in modulation of dopaminergic transmission and dopamine-mediated behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Miya
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuko Keino-Masu
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takuya Okada
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kenta Kobayashi
- Section of Viral Vector Development, Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Masu
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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6
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Kaur N, Han W, Li Z, Madrigal MP, Shim S, Pochareddy S, Gulden FO, Li M, Xu X, Xing X, Takeo Y, Li Z, Lu K, Imamura Kawasawa Y, Ballester-Lurbe B, Moreno-Bravo JA, Chédotal A, Terrado J, Pérez-Roger I, Koleske AJ, Sestan N. Neural Stem Cells Direct Axon Guidance via Their Radial Fiber Scaffold. Neuron 2020; 107:1197-1211.e9. [PMID: 32707082 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells directly or indirectly generate all neurons and macroglial cells and guide migrating neurons by using a palisade-like scaffold made of their radial fibers. Here, we describe an unexpected role for the radial fiber scaffold in directing corticospinal and other axons at the junction between the striatum and globus pallidus. The maintenance of this scaffold, and consequently axon pathfinding, is dependent on the expression of an atypical RHO-GTPase, RND3/RHOE, together with its binding partner ARHGAP35/P190A, a RHO GTPase-activating protein, in the radial glia-like neural stem cells within the ventricular zone of the medial ganglionic eminence. This role is independent of RND3 and ARHGAP35 expression in corticospinal neurons, where they regulate dendritic spine formation, axon elongation, and pontine midline crossing in a FEZF2-dependent manner. The prevalence of neural stem cell scaffolds and their expression of RND3 and ARHGAP35 suggests that these observations might be broadly relevant for axon guidance and neural circuit formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Wenqi Han
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Graduate Program in Histology and Embryology, Zhengzhou University, 450001 Zhengzhou, China
| | - M Pilar Madrigal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sungbo Shim
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Sirisha Pochareddy
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Forrest O Gulden
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Mingfeng Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Xuming Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Xiaojun Xing
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Genome Editing Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Yutaka Takeo
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Kangrong Lu
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Institute for Personalized Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Begoña Ballester-Lurbe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alain Chédotal
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - José Terrado
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ignacio Pérez-Roger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Anthony J Koleske
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Biophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Nenad Sestan
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Departments of Genetics, Psychiatry, and Comparative Medicine, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, and Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Ye J, Wen Y, Chu X, Li P, Cheng B, Cheng S, Liu L, Zhang L, Ma M, Qi X, Liang C, Kafle OP, Jia Y, Wu C, Wang S, Wang X, Ning Y, Zhang F. Association between herpes simplex virus 1 exposure and the risk of depression in UK Biobank. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e108. [PMID: 32564518 PMCID: PMC7403656 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection is reported to be associated with depression. But limited efforts were made to investigate the relationship between HSV-1 infection and the risk of depression, especially from the genetic perspective. METHODS In UK Biobank cohort, linear and logistic regression analyses were first performed to test the association of HSV-1 seropositivity/antibody with depression, including depression status (N = 2951) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) score (N = 2839). Using individual genotypic and phenotypic data from the UK Biobank, genome-wide environmental interaction study (GWEIS) was then conducted by PLINK2.0 to evaluate gene × HSV-1 interacting effect on the risk of depression. Finally, gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to identify the biological pathways involved in the observed gene × HSV-1 interaction for depression. RESULT In UK Biobank cohort, significant associations were observed between depression status and HSV-1 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.16; P = 2.40 × 10-2 for HSV-1 antibody and OR = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.12-1.47, P = 2.59 × 10-3 for HSV-1 seropositivity). GWEIS revealed four significant gene × HSV-1 interaction signals for PHQ score (all P < 5.0 × 10-8 ) and the leading loci was SULF2 (rs6094791, P = 8.60 × 10-9 ). Pathway analyses identified 21 pathways for PHQ score and 19 for depression status, including multiple neural development- and immune-related ones, such as KEGG_NEUROACTIVE_LIGAND_RECEPTOR_INTERACTION (false discovery rate [FDR] = 3.18 × 10-2 ) for depression and LU_AGING_BRAIN_UP (FDR = 4.21 × 10-2 ) for PHQ score. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that HSV-1 was associated with the risk of depression, which was modulated by the several genes that were related to the nerve development or immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chujun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Om Prakash Kafle
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Aizawa S, Okada T, Keino-Masu K, Doan TH, Koganezawa T, Akiyama M, Tamaoka A, Masu M. Abnormal Pyramidal Decussation and Bilateral Projection of the Corticospinal Tract Axons in Mice Lacking the Heparan Sulfate Endosulfatases, Sulf1 and Sulf2. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 12:333. [PMID: 32038163 PMCID: PMC6985096 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The corticospinal tract (CST) plays an important role in controlling voluntary movement. Because the CST has a long trajectory throughout the brain toward the spinal cord, many axon guidance molecules are required to navigate the axons correctly during development. Previously, we found that double-knockout (DKO) mouse embryos lacking the heparan sulfate endosulfatases, Sulf1 and Sulf2, showed axon guidance defects of the CST owing to the abnormal accumulation of Slit2 protein on the brain surface. However, postnatal development of the CST, especially the pyramidal decussation and spinal cord projection, could not be assessed because DKO mice on a C57BL/6 background died soon after birth. We recently found that Sulf1/2 DKO mice on a mixed C57BL/6 and CD-1/ICR background can survive into adulthood and therefore investigated the anatomy and function of the CST in the adult DKO mice. In Sulf1/2 DKO mice, abnormal dorsal deviation of the CST fibers on the midbrain surface persisted after maturation of the CST. At the pyramidal decussation, some CST fibers located near the midline crossed the midline, whereas others located more laterally extended ipsilaterally. In the spinal cord, the crossed CST fibers descended in the dorsal funiculus on the contralateral side and entered the contralateral gray matter normally, whereas the uncrossed fibers descended in the lateral funiculus on the ipsilateral side and entered the ipsilateral gray matter. As a result, the CST fibers that originated from 1 side of the brain projected bilaterally in the DKO spinal cord. Consistently, microstimulation of 1 side of the motor cortex evoked electromyogram responses only in the contralateral forelimb muscles of the wild-type mice, whereas the same stimulation evoked bilateral responses in the DKO mice. The functional consequences of the CST defects in the Sulf1/2 DKO mice were examined using the grid-walking, staircase, and single pellet-reaching tests, which have been used to evaluate motor function in mice. Compared with the wild-type mice, the Sulf1/2 DKO mice showed impaired performance in these tests, indicating deficits in motor function. These findings suggest that disruption of Sulf1/2 genes leads to both anatomical and functional defects of the CST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Aizawa
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takuya Okada
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuko Keino-Masu
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tri Huu Doan
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tadachika Koganezawa
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Akiyama
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akira Tamaoka
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Masu
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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9
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What if? Mouse proteomics after gene inactivation. J Proteomics 2019; 199:102-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Therapeutic strategies to target microbial protein-glycosaminoglycan interactions. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:1505-1515. [PMID: 30381333 DOI: 10.1042/bst20170485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are involved in a plethora of human pathologies including infectious diseases. Especially, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), like heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate, have been found to be involved in different crucial stages of microbial invasion. Here, we review various therapeutic approaches, which target the interface of host GAGs and microbial proteins and discuss their limitations and challenges for drug development.
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11
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Bellon A, Mann F. Keeping up with advances in axon guidance. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2018; 53:183-191. [PMID: 30273799 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-five years after the discovery of the first chemotropic molecules for growing axons, what are the new findings? This review describes the latest progress made in our understanding of the molecular control of axonal guidance in the vertebrate nervous system. Special focus will be given to new molecular players, their source and location in vivo, and the role of membrane/receptor trafficking and RNA-based mechanisms in axon guidance cue signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Bellon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Fanny Mann
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France.
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