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Herron ICT, Laws TR, Nelson M. Marmosets as models of infectious diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1340017. [PMID: 38465237 PMCID: PMC10921895 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1340017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal models of infectious disease often serve a crucial purpose in obtaining licensure of therapeutics and medical countermeasures, particularly in situations where human trials are not feasible, i.e., for those diseases that occur infrequently in the human population. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a Neotropical new-world (platyrrhines) non-human primate, has gained increasing attention as an animal model for a number of diseases given its small size, availability and evolutionary proximity to humans. This review aims to (i) discuss the pros and cons of the common marmoset as an animal model by providing a brief snapshot of how marmosets are currently utilized in biomedical research, (ii) summarize and evaluate relevant aspects of the marmoset immune system to the study of infectious diseases, (iii) provide a historical backdrop, outlining the significance of infectious diseases and the importance of developing reliable animal models to test novel therapeutics, and (iv) provide a summary of infectious diseases for which a marmoset model exists, followed by an in-depth discussion of the marmoset models of two studied bacterial infectious diseases (tularemia and melioidosis) and one viral infectious disease (viral hepatitis C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C. T. Herron
- CBR Division, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), Salisbury, United Kingdom
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Abstract
The significant advances made by the global scientific community during the COVID-19 pandemic, exemplified by the development of multiple SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in less than 1 y, were made possible in part because of animal research. Historically, animals have been used to study the characterization, treatment, and prevention of most of the major infectious disease outbreaks that humans have faced. From the advent of modern 'germ theory' prior to the 1918 Spanish Flu pandemic through the more recent Ebola and Zika virus outbreaks, research that uses animals has revealed or supported key discoveries in disease pathogenesis and therapy development, helping to save lives during crises. Here we summarize the role of animal research in past pandemic and epidemic response efforts, as well as current and future considerations for animal research in the context of infectious disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline K Brockhurst
- Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jason S Villano
- Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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de Alcantara BN, Imbeloni AA, de Brito Simith Durans D, de Araújo MTF, do Rosário Moutinho da Cruz E, de Carvalho CAM, de Mendonça MHR, de Sousa JR, Moraes AF, Filho AJM, de Lourdes Gomes Lima M, Neto OPA, Chiang JO, de Azevedo Scalercio SRR, Carneiro LA, Quaresma JAS, da Costa Vasconcelos PF, de Almeida Medeiros DB. Histopathological lesions of congenital Zika syndrome in newborn squirrel monkeys. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6099. [PMID: 33731800 PMCID: PMC7971060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85571-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of an adequate animal model for studies has limited the understanding of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) in humans during the outbreak in America. In this study, we used squirrel monkeys (Saimiri collinsi), a neotropical primate (which mimics the stages of human pregnancy), as a model of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. Seven pregnant female squirrel monkeys were experimentally infected at three different gestational stages, and we were able reproduce a broad range of clinical manifestations of ZIKV lesions observed in newborn humans. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of early-infected newborns (2/4) revealed damage to various areas of the brain and ZIKV antigens in the cytoplasm of neurons and glial cells, indicative of CZS. The changes caused by ZIKV infection were intrauterine developmental delay, ventriculomegaly, simplified brain gyri, vascular impairment and neuroprogenitor cell dysfunction. Our data show that the ZIKV infection outcome in squirrel monkeys is similar to that in humans, indicating that this model can be used to help answer questions about the effect of ZIKV infection on neuroembryonic development and the morphological changes induced by CZS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Nascimento de Alcantara
- Post-Graduate Programme in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Amaral Imbeloni
- National Primate Centre, Evandro Chagas Institute, Highway BR-316, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Darlene de Brito Simith Durans
- Department of Arbovirology and Haemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos Alberto Marques de Carvalho
- Department of Arbovirology and Haemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil.,Pará State University, 2623 Perebebuí Lane, Belém, Pará, 66095-662, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Rodrigues de Sousa
- Department of Arbovirology and Haemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana Freitas Moraes
- Department of Arbovirology and Haemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Jorge Martins Filho
- Department of Pathology, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes Gomes Lima
- Department of Pathology, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Orlando Pereira Amador Neto
- Department of Pathology, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Jannifer Oliveira Chiang
- Department of Arbovirology and Haemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | | | - Liliane Almeida Carneiro
- National Primate Centre, Evandro Chagas Institute, Highway BR-316, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma
- Department of Pathology, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil.,Pará State University, 2623 Perebebuí Lane, Belém, Pará, 66095-662, Brazil
| | - Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos
- Post-Graduate Programme in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil.,Department of Arbovirology and Haemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil.,Pará State University, 2623 Perebebuí Lane, Belém, Pará, 66095-662, Brazil
| | - Daniele Barbosa de Almeida Medeiros
- Post-Graduate Programme in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil. .,Department of Arbovirology and Haemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, BR-316 Highway, km 7, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil.
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Imbeloni AA, de Alcantara BN, Coutinho LN, de Azevedo Scalercio SRR, Carneiro LA, Oliveira KG, Filho AJM, de Brito Simith Durans D, da Silva WB, Nunes BTD, Casseb LMN, Chiang JO, de Carvalho CAM, Machado MB, Quaresma JAS, de Almeida Medeiros DB, da Costa Vasconcelos PF. Prenatal disorders and congenital Zika syndrome in squirrel monkeys. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2698. [PMID: 33514824 PMCID: PMC7846595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in Brazil (2015–2016), the clinical manifestations associated with its infection were complex and included miscarriage and congenital malformations, not previously described. In this study, we evaluated the prenatal conditions of pregnant female squirrel monkeys (Saimiri collinsi) infected during different gestational thirds (GTs) and assessed all clinical aspects, diagnostic imaging, viremia and the immune response. In our study, 75% of the infected animals in the 1st GT group had significant clinical manifestations, such as miscarriage and prolonged viremia associated with a late immune response. Consequently, their neonates showed fetal neuropathology, such as cerebral hemorrhage, lissencephaly or malformations of the brain grooves, ventriculomegaly, and craniofacial malformations. Thus, our study demonstrated the relevance of pregnant squirrel monkeys as a model for the study of ZIKV infection in neonates due to the broad clinical manifestations presented, including the typical congenital Zika syndrome manifestations described in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Amaral Imbeloni
- National Primate Center, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Liliane Almeida Carneiro
- National Primate Center, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Karol Guimarães Oliveira
- National Primate Center, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Jorge Martins Filho
- Department of Pathology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Darlene de Brito Simith Durans
- Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fever, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Tardelli Diniz Nunes
- Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fever, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Livia Medeiros Neves Casseb
- Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fever, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Jannifer Oliveira Chiang
- Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fever, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Borges Machado
- University Center of Para, Governador Jose Malcher Avenue, 485, Belem, Para, 66035-065, Brazil
| | - Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma
- Department of Pathology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil.,University of Pará State, Tv. Perebebuí-Marco, 2623, Belém, Para State, 66087-662, Brazil
| | - Daniele Barbosa de Almeida Medeiros
- Post-Graduate Program in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil. .,Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fever, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos
- Post-Graduate Program in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil. .,Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fever, Evandro Chagas Institute, Rodovia BR-316, km-07, Ananindeua, Para, 67030-000, Brazil. .,University of Pará State, Tv. Perebebuí-Marco, 2623, Belém, Para State, 66087-662, Brazil.
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