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Xue K, Sun T, Wei KJ, Li ZP, Zhao Q, Wan F, Lv C, Zhao YT, Xu ZF, Li JX. Generation of High-Density High-Polarization Positrons via Single-Shot Strong Laser-Foil Interaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:175101. [PMID: 37955489 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.175101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
We put forward a novel method for producing ultrarelativistic high-density high-polarization positrons through a single-shot interaction of a strong laser with a tilted solid foil. In our method, the driving laser ionizes the target, and the emitted electrons are accelerated and subsequently generate abundant γ photons via the nonlinear Compton scattering, dominated by the laser. These γ photons then generate polarized positrons via the nonlinear Breit-Wheeler process, dominated by a strong self-generated quasistatic magnetic field B^{S}. We find that placing the foil at an appropriate angle can result in a directional orientation of B^{S}, thereby polarizing positrons. Manipulating the laser polarization direction can control the angle between the γ photon polarization and B^{S}, significantly enhancing the positron polarization degree. Our spin-resolved quantum electrodynamics particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate that employing a laser with a peak intensity of about 10^{23} W/cm^{2} can obtain dense (≳10^{18} cm^{-3}) polarized positrons with an average polarization degree of about 70% and a yield of above 0.1 nC per shot. Moreover, our method is feasible using currently available or upcoming laser facilities and robust with respect to the laser and target parameters. Such high-density high-polarization positrons hold great significance in laboratory astrophysics, high-energy physics, and new physics beyond the standard model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xue
- Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter (MOE), Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter (MOE), Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ke-Jia Wei
- Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter (MOE), Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhong-Peng Li
- Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter (MOE), Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter (MOE), Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Feng Wan
- Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter (MOE), Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chong Lv
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, P.O. Box 275(7), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Yong-Tao Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter (MOE), Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhong-Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter (MOE), Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jian-Xing Li
- Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter (MOE), Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, P.O. Box 275(7), Beijing 102413, China
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Xu J, Bae L, Ezzat M, Kim HT, Yang JM, Lee SH, Yoon JW, Sung JH, Lee SK, Ji L, Shen B, Nam CH. Nanoparticle-insertion scheme to decouple electron injection from laser evolution in laser wakefield acceleration. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11128. [PMID: 35778463 PMCID: PMC9249746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A localized nanoparticle insertion scheme is developed to decouple electron injection from laser evolution in laser wakefield acceleration. Here we report the experimental realization of a controllable electron injection by the nanoparticle insertion method into a plasma medium, where the injection position is localized within the short range of 100 μm. Nanoparticles were generated by the laser ablation process of a copper blade target using a 3-ns 532-nm laser pulse with fluence above 100 J/cm2. The produced electron bunches with a beam charge above 300 pC and divergence of around 12 mrad show the injection probability over 90% after optimizing the ablation laser energy and the temporal delay between the ablation and the main laser pulses. Since this nanoparticle insertion method can avoid the disturbing effects of electron injection process on laser evolution, the stable high-charge injection method can provide a suitable electron injector for multi-GeV electron sources from low-density plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-Intense Laser Science, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (SIOM), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Leejin Bae
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohamed Ezzat
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Taek Kim
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea. .,Advanced Photonics Research Institute (APRI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Moon Yang
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hwa Lee
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Yoon
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Photonics Research Institute (APRI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hee Sung
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Photonics Research Institute (APRI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ku Lee
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Photonics Research Institute (APRI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Liangliang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-Intense Laser Science, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (SIOM), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Baifei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-Intense Laser Science, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (SIOM), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Shanghai, 201800, China. .,Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
| | - Chang Hee Nam
- Center for Relativistic Laser Science (CoReLS), Institute for Basic Science, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Laser wakefield electron acceleration (LWFA) is an emerging technology for the next generation of electron accelerators. As intense laser technology has rapidly developed, LWFA has overcome its limitations and has proven its possibilities to facilitate compact high-energy electron beams. Since high-power lasers reach peak power beyond petawatts (PW), LWFA has a new chance to explore the multi-GeV energy regime. In this article, we review the recent development of multi-GeV electron acceleration with PW lasers and discuss the limitations and perspectives of the LWFA with high-power lasers.
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Anomalous formation of trihydrogen cations from water on nanoparticles. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3839. [PMID: 34158493 PMCID: PMC8219811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Regarded as the most important ion in interstellar chemistry, the trihydrogen cation, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${{\rm{H}}}_{{{3}}}^{+}$$\end{document}H3+, plays a vital role in the formation of water and many complex organic molecules believed to be responsible for life in our universe. Apart from traditional plasma discharges, recent laboratory studies have focused on forming the trihydrogen cation from large organic molecules during their interactions with intense radiation and charged particles. In contrast, we present results on forming \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${{\rm{H}}}_{{{3}}}^{+}$$\end{document}H3+ from bimolecular reactions that involve only an inorganic molecule, namely water, without the presence of any organic molecules to facilitate its formation. This generation of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$${{\rm{H}}}_{{{3}}}^{+}$$\end{document}H3+ is enabled by “engineering” a suitable reaction environment comprising water-covered silica nanoparticles exposed to intense, femtosecond laser pulses. Similar, naturally-occurring, environments might exist in astrophysical settings where hydrated nanometer-sized dust particles are impacted by cosmic rays of charged particles or solar wind ions. Our results are a clear manifestation of how aerosolized nanoparticles in intense femtosecond laser fields can serve as a catalysts that enable exotic molecular entities to be produced via non-traditional routes. The H3+ ion plays a key role in interstellar chemistry and can be formed from organic compounds upon interaction with charged particles or radiation. Here the authors demonstrate that H3+ can also be formed from water adsorbed on silica nanoparticles exposed to intense laser pulses, conditions that mimic the impact of charged particles on dust in astrophysical settings.
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Lécz Z, Andreev A, Hafz N. Substantial enhancement of betatron radiation in cluster targets. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:053205. [PMID: 33327060 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.053205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Betatron radiation generated by relativistic electrons during their wiggling motion in an ion channel is a well-studied source of x-ray photons. Due to the highly collimated emission such compact laser-driven sources have attracted significant attention in various laser or plasma-based applications, but the spectral intensity is still too low. The high repetition rate is also demanded, thus the pulse energy is strongly limited. Here, based on theory and computer simulations, we present a different method to enhance the radiation power by increasing the number of betatron oscillations along the acceleration path of electrons. A stronger wiggling of electrons is achieved by using clusterized gas targets, which allows one to achieve three orders of magnitude higher x-ray yield than in optimized uniform gas target with similar average electron density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zs Lécz
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd. Wolfgang Sandner u. 3, H6728 Szeged, Hungary
| | - A Andreev
- Max-Born Institute, Berlin, Germany and ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd. Wolfgang Sandner u. 3, H6728 Szeged, Hungary
| | - N Hafz
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Nonprofit Ltd. Wolfgang Sandner u. 3, H6728 Szeged, Hungary; National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics, SIOM, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China; and Department of Plasma and Nuclear Fusion, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zabal 13759, Egypt
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6
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Ma Y, Seipt D, Hussein AE, Hakimi S, Beier NF, Hansen SB, Hinojosa J, Maksimchuk A, Nees J, Krushelnick K, Thomas AGR, Dollar F. Polarization-Dependent Self-Injection by Above Threshold Ionization Heating in a Laser Wakefield Accelerator. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:114801. [PMID: 32242688 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.114801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on the experimental observation of a decreased self-injection threshold by using laser pulses with circular polarization in laser wakefield acceleration experiments in a nonpreformed plasma, compared to the usually employed linear polarization. A significantly higher electron beam charge was also observed for circular polarization compared to linear polarization over a wide range of parameters. Theoretical analysis and quasi-3D particle-in-cell simulations reveal that the self-injection and hence the laser wakefield acceleration is polarization dependent and indicate a different injection mechanism for circularly polarized laser pulses, originating from larger momentum gain by electrons during above threshold ionization. This enables electrons to meet the trapping condition more easily, and the resulting higher plasma temperature was confirmed via spectroscopy of the XUV plasma emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ma
- Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - D Seipt
- Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - A E Hussein
- Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - S Hakimi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - N F Beier
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - S B Hansen
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - J Hinojosa
- Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - A Maksimchuk
- Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - J Nees
- Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - K Krushelnick
- Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - A G R Thomas
- Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - F Dollar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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