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Mandziak A, de la Figuera J, Quesada A, Berja A, Granados-Miralles C, Prieto JE, Aballe L, Foerster M, Nino MA, Nita P. Effect of Ni substitution on the antiferromagnetic domains of cobalt oxide. Ultramicroscopy 2023; 253:113795. [PMID: 37399618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2023.113795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a spatially resolved X-ray magnetic linear dichroism study of high quality micron-sized mixed nickel-cobalt oxide (NCO) crystals. NixCo1-xO was prepared in-situ by high-temperature oxygen-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on a Ru(0001) single crystal substrate. To check the effect of incorporating Ni into the cobalt oxide films, three different compositions were prepared. The element-specific XMLD measurements reveal strong antiferromagnetic contrast at room temperature and magnetic domains up to one micron in size, reflecting the high structural quality of the NCO islands. By means of vectorial magnetometry, the antiferromagnetic spin axis orientation of the domains was determined with nanometer spatial resolution, and found to depend on the stoichiometry of the prepared crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mandziak
- Solaris Synchrotron, Czerwone Maki 98, 30-392 Cracow, Poland.
| | | | - Adrian Quesada
- Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio (CSIC), Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Alba Berja
- Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio (CSIC), Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | | | | | - Lucia Aballe
- Alba Synchrotron Light Facility, CELLS, Barcelona E-08290, Spain
| | - Michael Foerster
- Alba Synchrotron Light Facility, CELLS, Barcelona E-08290, Spain
| | | | - Pawel Nita
- Solaris Synchrotron, Czerwone Maki 98, 30-392 Cracow, Poland; Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. prof. Stanisława Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Cracow, Poland
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2
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Ruiz-Gómez S, Trapero EM, Fernández-González C, Campo AD, Granados-Miralles C, Prieto JE, Khaliq MW, Niño MA, Foerster M, Aballe L, Figuera JDL. A Platform for Addressing Individual Magnetite Islands Grown Epitaxially on Ru(0001) and Manipulating Their Magnetic Domains. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:5785-5791. [PMID: 37547877 PMCID: PMC10401631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
We have grown high-quality magnetite micrometric islands on ruthenium stripes on sapphire through a combination of magnetron sputtering (Ru film), high-temperature molecular beam epitaxy (oxide islands), and optical lithography. The samples have been characterized by atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray absorption and magnetic circular dichroism in a photoemission microscope. The magnetic domains on the magnetite islands can be modified by the application of current pulses through the Ru stripes in combination with magnetic fields. The modification of the magnetic domains is explained by the Oersted field generated by the electrical current flowing through the stripes underneath the magnetite nanostructures. The fabrication method is applicable to a wide variety of rock salt and spinel oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ruiz-Gómez
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Eva María Trapero
- Instituto
de Química Física Blas Cabrera (IQF), CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | | | | | | | - José Emilio Prieto
- Instituto
de Química Física Blas Cabrera (IQF), CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Angel Niño
- Alba
Synchrotron Light Facility, Cerdanyola
del Valles, Barcelona 08290, Spain
| | - Michael Foerster
- Alba
Synchrotron Light Facility, Cerdanyola
del Valles, Barcelona 08290, Spain
| | - Lucía Aballe
- Alba
Synchrotron Light Facility, Cerdanyola
del Valles, Barcelona 08290, Spain
| | - Juan de la Figuera
- Instituto
de Química Física Blas Cabrera (IQF), CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
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3
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Magnetic anisotropic of thermally evaporated FeNi thin film: A soft X‐ray magnetic circular dichroism study. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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4
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Mandziak A, Soria GD, Prieto JE, Foerster M, de la Figuera J, Aballe L. Different spin axis orientation and large antiferromagnetic domains in Fe-doped NiO/Ru(0001) epitaxial films. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:21225-21233. [PMID: 33057545 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05756h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a spatially resolved X-ray magnetic dichroism study of high-quality, in situ grown nickel oxide films. NiO thin films were deposited on a Ru(0001) substrate by high temperature oxygen-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. We found that by adding a small amount of Fe, the growth mode can be modified in order to promote the formation of micron-sized, triangular islands. The morphology, shape, crystal structure and composition are determined by low-energy electron microscopy and diffraction, and synchrotron based X-ray absorption spectromicroscopy. The element specific XMLD measurements reveal strong antiferromagnetic contrast at room temperature and domains with up to micron sizes, reflecting the high structural quality of the islands. By means of vectorial magnetometry, the spin axis orientation was determined with nanometer spatial resolution, and found to depend on the relative orientation of the film and substrate lattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mandziak
- Alba Synchrotron Light Facility, CELLS, Barcelona E-08290, Spain.
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5
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López-Fernández E, Gil-Rostra J, Espinós JP, González-Elipe AR, de Lucas Consuegra A, Yubero F. Chemistry and Electrocatalytic Activity of Nanostructured Nickel Electrodes for Water Electrolysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. López-Fernández
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma, Institute of Materials Science of Seville (CSIC-Univ. Sevilla), Av. Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 12, E-13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - J. Gil-Rostra
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma, Institute of Materials Science of Seville (CSIC-Univ. Sevilla), Av. Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - J. P. Espinós
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma, Institute of Materials Science of Seville (CSIC-Univ. Sevilla), Av. Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - A. R. González-Elipe
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma, Institute of Materials Science of Seville (CSIC-Univ. Sevilla), Av. Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - A. de Lucas Consuegra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 12, E-13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - F. Yubero
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma, Institute of Materials Science of Seville (CSIC-Univ. Sevilla), Av. Américo Vespucio 49, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
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6
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Ruiz-Gómez S, Mandziak A, Prieto JE, Aristu M, Trapero EM, Soria GD, Quesada A, Foerster M, Aballe L, de la Figuera J. A real-time XAS PEEM study of the growth of cobalt iron oxide on Ru(0001). J Chem Phys 2020; 152:074704. [PMID: 32087633 DOI: 10.1063/1.5140886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth of mixed cobalt-iron oxides on Ru(0001) by high-temperature oxygen-assisted molecular beam epitaxy has been monitored in real time and real space by x-ray absorption photoemission microscopy. The initial composition is a mixed Fe-Co(II) oxide wetting layer, reflecting the ratio of the deposited materials. However, as subsequent growth of three dimensional spinel islands nucleating on this wetting layer takes place, the composition of the oxide in the wetting layer changes as iron is transferred into the spinel islands. The composition of the islands themselves also changes during growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ruiz-Gómez
- Dpto. de Física de Materiales, Univ. Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - A Mandziak
- Instituto de Química Física "Rocasolano," CSIC, Madrid E-28006, Spain
| | - J E Prieto
- Instituto de Química Física "Rocasolano," CSIC, Madrid E-28006, Spain
| | - M Aristu
- Instituto de Química Física "Rocasolano," CSIC, Madrid E-28006, Spain
| | - E M Trapero
- Instituto de Química Física "Rocasolano," CSIC, Madrid E-28006, Spain
| | - G D Soria
- Instituto de Química Física "Rocasolano," CSIC, Madrid E-28006, Spain
| | - A Quesada
- Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, CSIC, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - M Foerster
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, CELLS, Cerdanyola del Vallés E-08290, Spain
| | - L Aballe
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, CELLS, Cerdanyola del Vallés E-08290, Spain
| | - J de la Figuera
- Instituto de Química Física "Rocasolano," CSIC, Madrid E-28006, Spain
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7
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Cheung KM, Stemer DM, Zhao C, Young TD, Belling JN, Andrews AM, Weiss PS. Chemical Lift-Off Lithography of Metal and Semiconductor Surfaces. ACS MATERIALS LETTERS 2020; 2:76-83. [PMID: 32405626 PMCID: PMC7220117 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.9b00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical lift-off lithography (CLL) is a subtractive soft-lithographic technique that uses polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamps to pattern self-assembled monolayers of functional molecules for applications ranging from biomolecule patterning to transistor fabrication. A hallmark of CLL is preferential cleavage of Au-Au bonds, as opposed to bonds connecting the molecular layer to the substrate, i.e., Au-S bonds. Herein, we show that CLL can be used more broadly as a technique to pattern a variety of substrates composed of coinage metals (Pt, Pd, Ag, Cu), transition and reactive metals (Ni, Ti, Al), and a semiconductor (Ge) using straightforward alkanethiolate self-assembly chemistry. We demonstrate high-fidelity patterning in terms of precise features over large areas on all surfaces investigated. We use patterned monolayers as chemical resists for wet etching to generate metal microstructures. Substrate atoms, along with alkanethiolates, were removed as a result of lift-off, as previously observed for Au. We demonstrate the formation of PDMS-stamp-supported bimetallic monolayers by performing CLL on two different metal surfaces using the same PDMS stamp. By expanding the scope of the surfaces compatible with CLL, we advance and generalize CLL as a method to pattern a wide range of substrates, as well as to produce supported metal monolayers, both with broad applications in surface and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Cheung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Dominik M. Stemer
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chuanzhen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Thomas D. Young
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jason N. Belling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Anne M. Andrews
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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8
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Tuning the Néel temperature in an antiferromagnet: the case of Ni xCo 1-xO microstructures. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13584. [PMID: 31537821 PMCID: PMC6753089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49642-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that it is possible to tune the Néel temperature of nickel(II)-cobalt(II) oxide films by changing the Ni to Co ratio. We grow single crystalline micrometric triangular islands with tens of nanometers thickness on a Ru(0001) substrate using high temperature oxygen-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Composition is controlled by adjusting the deposition rates of Co and Ni. The morphology, shape, crystal structure and composition are determined by low-energy electron microscopy and diffraction, and synchrotron-based x-ray absorption spectromicroscopy. The antiferromagnetic order is observed by x-ray magnetic linear dichroism. Antiferromagnetic domains up to micrometer width are observed.
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