Designing color in metallic glass

Isothermal crystallization kinetics of (Cu60Zr25Ti15)99.3Nb0.7 bulk metallic glass

This paper reports the crystallization kinetics of (Cu₆₀Zr₂₅Ti₁₅)_99.3Nb_0.7 bulk metallic glass under isothermal conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been employed for isothermal annealing at ten different temperatures prior to the onset of crystallization (T_o) temperature. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy have been used to confirm the amorphous structure of the as cast sample. Crystallized volume fractions (x) are calculated from the exothermic peaks of DSC scans. Crystallized volume fractions (x) against time show sigmoidal type of curves as well as the curves become steeper at higher annealing temperatures. Continuous heating transformation diagram has been simulated to understand the stability of the bulk metallic glass. Crystallization kinetics parameters are calculated using Arrhenius and Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equations. Activation energy (E_a) and Avrami exponential factor (n) have exhibited strong correlation with crystallized volume fraction (x). The average activation energy for isothermal crystallization is found to be 330 ± 30 kJ/mol by Arrhenius equation. Nucleation activation energy (E_nucleation) is found to be higher than that of growth activation energy (E_growth). The Avrami exponential factor (n) indicates about the diffusion controlled mechanism of the nucleation and three-dimensional growth.