Lukose J, Barik AK, George SD, Murukeshan VM, Chidangil S. Raman spectroscopy for viral diagnostics.
Biophys Rev 2023;
15:199-221. [PMID:
37113565 PMCID:
PMC10088700 DOI:
10.1007/s12551-023-01059-4]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy offers the potential for fingerprinting biological molecules at ultra-low concentration and therefore has potential for the detection of viruses. Here we review various Raman techniques employed for the investigation of viruses. Different Raman techniques are discussed including conventional Raman spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Raman tweezer, tip-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering can play an essential role in viral detection by multiplexing nanotechnology, microfluidics, and machine learning for ensuring spectral reproducibility and efficient workflow in sample processing and detection. The application of these techniques to diagnose the SARS-CoV-2 virus is also reviewed.
Graphical abstract
Supplementary Information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12551-023-01059-4.
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