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Ossikovski R, Arteaga O, Garcia-Caurel E, Hingerl K. Model for the depolarizing retarder in Mueller matrix polarimetry. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2022; 39:873-882. [PMID: 36215449 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.451106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We advance an analytical model describing the polarimetric response of a depolarizing retarder whose retardance varies spatially in magnitude or in orientation. The variation of the retarder parameters may be either of deterministic or of random nature. The model provides both the mean values and the uncertainties of the parameters. Its application is illustrated on two experimental examples, respectively covering the deterministic and the random cases.
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Towards plasma jet controlled charging of a dielectric target at grounded, biased, and floating potential. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1157. [PMID: 35064194 PMCID: PMC8782846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Electric field and surface charge measurements are presented to understand the dynamics in the plasma–surface interaction of a plasma jet and a dielectric surface. The ITO coated backside of the dielectric allowed to impose a DC bias and thus compare the influence of a grounded, biased and floating potential. When imposing a controlled potential at the back of the target, the periodical charging is directly dependent on the pulse length, irrespective of that control potential. This is because the plasma plume is sustained throughout the pulse. When uncontrolled and thus with a floating potential surface, charge accumulation and potential build-up prevents a sustained plasma plume. An imposed DC bias also leads to a continuous surface charge to be present accumulated on the plasma side to counteract the bias. This can lead to much higher electric fields (55 kV/cm) and surface charge (200 nC/cm\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^2$$\end{document}2) than observed previously. When the plasma jet is turned off, the continuous surface charge decreased to half its value in 25 ms. These results have implications for surface treatment applications.
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Viegas P, Slikboer E, Bonaventura Z, Garcia-Caurel E, Guaitella O, Sobota A, Bourdon A. Quantification of surface charging memory effect in ionization wave dynamics. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1181. [PMID: 35064130 PMCID: PMC8782963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04914-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of ionization waves (IWs) in atmospheric pressure discharges is fundamentally determined by the electric polarity (positive or negative) at which they are generated and by the presence of memory effects, i.e. leftover charges and reactive species that influence subsequent IWs. This work examines and compares positive and negative IWs in pulsed plasma jets (1 [Formula: see text]s on-time), showing the difference in their nature and the different resulting interaction with a dielectric BSO target. For the first time, it is shown that a surface charging memory effect is produced, i.e. that a significant amount of surface charges and electric field remain in the target in between discharge pulses (200 [Formula: see text]s off-time). This memory effect directly impacts IW dynamics and is especially important when using negative electric polarity. The results suggest that the remainder of surface charges is due to the lack of charged particles in the plasma near the target, which avoids a full neutralization of the target. This demonstration and the quantification of the memory effect are possible for the first time by using an unique approach, assessing the electric field inside a dielectric material through the combination of an advanced experimental technique called Mueller polarimetry and state-of-the-art numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Viegas
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Saclay, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France.
| | - Elmar Slikboer
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Saclay, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Centre for Plasma Microbiology, the University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK
| | - Zdenek Bonaventura
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Enric Garcia-Caurel
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces (LPICM), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Olivier Guaitella
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Saclay, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Ana Sobota
- Department of Applied Physics, EPG, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Bourdon
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Saclay, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
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Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet Operated in Ar and He: From Basic Plasma Properties to Vacuum Ultraviolet, Electric Field and Safety Thresholds Measurements in Plasma Medicine. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12020644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Application desired functionality as well as operation expenses of cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) devices scale with properties like gas selection. The present contribution provides a comparative investigation for a CAP system operated in argon or helium at different operation voltages and distance to the surface. Comparison of power dissipation, electrical field strength and optical emission spectroscopy from vacuum ultraviolet over visible up to near infrared ((V)UV-VIS-NIR) spectral range is carried out. This study is extended to safety relevant investigation of patient leakage current, induced surface temperature and species density for ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). It is found that in identical operation conditions (applied voltage, distance to surface and gas flow rate) the dissipated plasma power is about equal (up to 10 W), but the electrical field strength differs, having peak values of 320 kV/m for Ar and up to 300 kV/m for He. However, only for Ar CAP could we measure O3 up to 2 ppm and NOx up to 7 ppm. The surface temperature and leakage values of both systems showed different slopes, with the biggest surprise being a constant leakage current over distance for argon. These findings may open a new direction in the plasma source development for Plasma Medicine.
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Chen Q, Song B, Li X, Wang R, Wang S, Xu S, Reniers F, Lam CH. Enhancing the Properties of Photocatalysts via Nonthermal Plasma Modification: Recent Advances, Treatment Variables, Mechanisms, and Perspectives. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bing Song
- Scion, 49 Sala Street, Whakarewarewa, Rotorua 3010, New Zealand
| | - Xiaochen Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital & the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Renjie Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shun Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Sankui Xu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - François Reniers
- Chemistry of Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanomaterials and Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymer̀es, Faculté des Sciences, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, ULB Boulevard du Triomphe, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Chun Ho Lam
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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Cold Atmospheric Plasma Changes the Amino Acid Composition of Solutions and Influences the Anti-Tumor Effect on Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157886. [PMID: 34360651 PMCID: PMC8346059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) is an ionized gas near room temperature. Its anti-tumor effect can be transmitted either by direct treatment or mediated by a plasma-treated solution (PTS), such as treated standard cell culture medium, which contains different amino acids, inorganic salts, vitamins and other substances. Despite extensive research, the active components in PTS and its molecular or cellular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study was the measurement of the reactive species in PTS and their effect on tumor cells using different plasma modes and treatment durations. The PTS analysis yielded mode- and dose-dependent differences in the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), and in the decomposition and modification of the amino acids Tyrosine (Tyr) and Tryptophan (Trp). The Trp metabolites Formylkynurenine (FKyn) and Kynurenine (Kyn) were produced in PTS with the 4 kHz (oxygen) mode, inducing apoptosis in Mel Im melanoma cells. Nitrated derivatives of Trp and Tyr were formed in the 8 kHz (nitrogen) mode, elevating the p16 mRNA expression and senescence-associated ß-Galactosidase staining. In conclusion, the plasma mode has a strong impact on the composition of the active components in PTS and affects its anti-tumor mechanism. These findings are of decisive importance for the development of plasma devices and the effectiveness of tumor treatment.
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