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Vahidian A, Momayezan Marnani P, Mehdizadeh A, Rezaeian A, Ostovari M. Evaluating the effect of glycerol on increasing the safety and efficiency of hyperthermic laser lipolysis. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:84. [PMID: 38427121 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of glycerol as an Optical Clearing Agent on the temperature profile of the skin during HyperThermic Laser Lipolysis using computer simulation. In this study, a three-layer model of the skin was used to simulate HyperThermic Laser Lipolysis. The Monte Carlo MCML code was used to investigate the propagation of laser photons inside skin tissue. The energy absorbed from photons is used as a heat source to determine the increase in temperature and assess thermal damage in the layers of the skin. The finite element method in COMSOL software was used for calculation. The simulation of single-pulse radiation exposure with and without applying glycerol to the skin model was investigated to assess the impact of glycerol. Glycerol decreases the temperature and thermal damage to the epidermis layer while increasing the temperature of the fat layer. Moreover, the presence of glycerol increases the depth of fat cell destruction. Glycerol, as a supplement, significantly improves the efficacy of HyperThermic Laser Lipolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsane Vahidian
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Blvd., Shiraz, Fars, 71, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Mehdizadeh
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Blvd., Shiraz, Fars, 71, Iran
| | - Abbas Rezaeian
- Department of Radiology Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Goldasht, Khorramabad, Lorestan, 66, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ostovari
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Blvd., Shiraz, Fars, 71, Iran.
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2
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Shen YJ, Liao EY, Tai TM, Liao YH, Sun CK, Lee CK, See S, Chen HW. Deep learning-based photodamage reduction on harmonic generation microscope at low-level optical power. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300285. [PMID: 37738103 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The trade-off between high-quality images and cellular health in optical bioimaging is a crucial problem. We demonstrated a deep-learning-based power-enhancement (PE) model in a harmonic generation microscope (HGM), including second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG). Our model can predict high-power HGM images from low-power images, greatly reducing the risk of phototoxicity and photodamage. Furthermore, the PE model trained only on normal skin data can also be used to predict abnormal skin data, enabling the dermatopathologist to successfully identify and label cancer cells. The PE model shows potential for in-vivo and ex-vivo HGM imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jiun Shen
- International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - En-Yu Liao
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yi-Hua Liao
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kuang Sun
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Simon See
- NVIDIA AI Technology Center, NVIDIA, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wen Chen
- International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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3
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Cho D, Oh JK. Silica Nanoparticle-Infused Omniphobic Polyurethane Foam with Bacterial Anti-Adhesion and Antifouling Properties for Hygiene Purposes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2035. [PMID: 37513046 PMCID: PMC10385342 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a method for preventing cross-infection through the surface coating treatment of polyurethane (PU) foam using functionalized silica nanoparticles was developed. Experimental results confirmed that the fabricated PU foam exhibited omniphobic characteristics, demonstrating strong resistance to both polar and nonpolar contaminants. Additionally, quantitative analysis using the pour plate method and direct counting with a scanning electron microscope determined that the treated material exhibited anti-adhesion properties against bacteria. The fabricated PU foam also demonstrated a high level of resistance to the absorption of liquids commonly found in medical facilities, including blood, 0.9% sodium chloride solution, and 50% glycerol. Mechanical durability and stability were verified through repeated compression tests and chemical leaching tests, respectively. The proposed coated PU foam is highly effective at preventing fouling from polar and nonpolar fluids as well as bacteria, making it well-suited for use in a range of fields requiring strict hygiene standards, including the medical, food, and environmental industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongik Cho
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Dankook University, 152 Jukjeon-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin-si 16890, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Kyun Oh
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Dankook University, 152 Jukjeon-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin-si 16890, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Alexandrovskaya YM, Kasianenko EM, Sovetsky AA, Matveyev AL, Zaitsev VY. Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Diffusion-Associated Deformations of Biological Tissues and Polyacrylamide Gels Observed with Optical Coherence Elastography. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2036. [PMID: 36903151 PMCID: PMC10004177 DOI: 10.3390/ma16052036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we use the method of optical coherence elastography (OCE) to enable quantitative, spatially resolved visualization of diffusion-associated deformations in the areas of maximum concentration gradients during diffusion of hyperosmotic substances in cartilaginous tissue and polyacrylamide gels. At high concentration gradients, alternating sign, near-surface deformations in porous moisture-saturated materials are observed in the first minutes of diffusion. For cartilage, the kinetics of osmotic deformations visualized by OCE, as well as the optical transmittance variations caused by the diffusion, were comparatively analyzed for several substances that are often used as optical clearing agents, i.e., glycerol, polypropylene, PEG-400 and iohexol, for which the effective diffusion coefficients were found to be 7.4 ± 1.8, 5.0 ± 0.8, 4.4 ± 0.8 and 4.6 ± 0.9 × 10-6 cm2/s, respectively. For the osmotically induced shrinkage amplitude, the influence of the organic alcohol concentration appears to be more significant than the influence of its molecular weight. The rate and amplitude of osmotically induced shrinkage and dilatation in polyacrylamide gels is found to clearly depend on the degree of their crosslinking. The obtained results show that observation of osmotic strains with the developed OCE technique can be applied for structural characterization of a wide range of porous materials, including biopolymers. In addition, it may be promising for revealing alterations in the diffusivity/permeability of biological tissues that are potentially associated with various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia M. Alexandrovskaya
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Uljanova St., 46, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Federal Scientific Research Center “Crystallography and Photonics”, Institute of Photon Technologies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Pionerskaya Street, Troitsk, 108840 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M. Kasianenko
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Uljanova St., 46, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Federal Scientific Research Center “Crystallography and Photonics”, Institute of Photon Technologies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Pionerskaya Street, Troitsk, 108840 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Sovetsky
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Uljanova St., 46, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander L. Matveyev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Uljanova St., 46, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladimir Y. Zaitsev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Uljanova St., 46, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Jaafar A, Darvin ME, Tuchin VV, Veres M. Confocal Raman Micro-Spectroscopy for Discrimination of Glycerol Diffusivity in Ex Vivo Porcine Dura Mater. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12101534. [PMID: 36294969 PMCID: PMC9605590 DOI: 10.3390/life12101534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dura mater (DM) is a connective tissue with dense collagen, which is a protective membrane surrounding the human brain. The optical clearing (OC) method was used to make DM more transparent, thereby allowing to increase in-depth investigation by confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy and estimate the diffusivity of 50% glycerol and water migration. Glycerol concentration was obtained, and the diffusion coefficient was calculated, which ranged from 9.6 × 10-6 to 3.0 × 10-5 cm2/s. Collagen-related Raman band intensities were significantly increased for all depths from 50 to 200 µm after treatment. In addition, the changes in water content during OC showed that 50% glycerol induces tissue dehydration. Weakly and strongly bound water types were found to be most concentrated, playing a major role in the glycerol-induced water flux and OC. Results show that OC is an efficient method for controlling the DM optical properties, thereby enhancing the in-depth probing for laser therapy and diagnostics of the brain. DM is a comparable to various collagen-containing tissues and organs, such as sclera of eyes and skin dermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jaafar
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Center for Physics, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Physics, University of Szeged, Dom ter 9, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad 10065, Iraq
- Correspondence:
| | - Maxim E. Darvin
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Valery V. Tuchin
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya Str., 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Diagnostics of Technical and Living Systems, Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control, FRC “Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 24 Rabochaya Str., 410028 Saratov, Russia
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, FRC “Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 33-2 Leninsky Prospect, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Miklós Veres
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Center for Physics, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
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Alexandrovskaya Y, Baum O, Sovetsky A, Matveyev A, Matveev L, Sobol E, Zaitsev V. Optical Coherence Elastography as a Tool for Studying Deformations in Biomaterials: Spatially-Resolved Osmotic Strain Dynamics in Cartilaginous Samples. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15030904. [PMID: 35160851 PMCID: PMC8838169 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a recently developed variant of phase-resolved Optical Coherence Elastography (OCE) enabling non-contact visualization of transient local strains of various origins in biological tissues and other materials. In this work, we demonstrate the possibilities of this new technique for studying dynamics of osmotically-induced strains in cartilaginous tissue impregnated with optical clearing agents (OCA). For poroelastic water-containing biological tissues, application of non-isotonic OCAs, various contrast additives, as well as drug solutions administration, may excite transient spatially-inhomogeneous strain fields of high magnitude in the tissue bulk, initiating mechanical and structural alterations. The range of the strain reliably observed by OCE varied from ±10−3 to ±0.4 for diluted and pure glycerol, correspondingly. The OCE-technique used made it possible to reveal previously inaccessible details of the complex spatio-temporal evolution of alternating-sign osmotic strains at the initial stages of agent diffusion. Qualitatively different effects produced by particular hydrophilic OCAs, such as glycerol and iohexol, are discussed, as well as concentration-dependent differences. Overall, the work demonstrates the unique abilities of the new OCE-modality in providing a deeper insight in real-time kinetics of osmotically-induced strains relevant to a broad range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Alexandrovskaya
- Institute of Photon Technologies, Federal Scientific Research Center “Crystallography and Photonics”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Pionerskaya Street, Troitsk, 108840 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Olga Baum
- Institute of Photon Technologies, Federal Scientific Research Center “Crystallography and Photonics”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Pionerskaya Street, Troitsk, 108840 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander Sovetsky
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Uljanova Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.S.); (A.M.); (L.M.); (V.Z.)
| | - Alexander Matveyev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Uljanova Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.S.); (A.M.); (L.M.); (V.Z.)
| | - Lev Matveev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Uljanova Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.S.); (A.M.); (L.M.); (V.Z.)
| | - Emil Sobol
- UCI Health Beckman Laser Institute & Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Rd., Irvine, CA 92612, USA;
| | - Vladimir Zaitsev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Uljanova Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.S.); (A.M.); (L.M.); (V.Z.)
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Mostafavi Yazdi SJ, Baqersad J. Mechanical modeling and characterization of human skin: A review. J Biomech 2021; 130:110864. [PMID: 34844034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the advances made in recent years on modeling approaches and experimental techniques to characterize the mechanical properties of human skin. The skin is the largest organ of the human body that has a complex multi-layered structure with different mechanical behaviors. The mechanical properties of human skin play an important role in distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy skin. Furthermore, knowing these mechanical properties enables computer simulation, skin research, clinical studies, as well as diagnosis and treatment monitoring of skin diseases. This paper reviews the recent efforts on modeling skin using linear, nonlinear, viscoelastic, and anisotropic materials. The work also focuses on aging effects, microstructure analysis, and non-invasive methods for skin testing. A detailed explanation of the skin structure and numerical models, such as finite element models, are discussed in this work. This work also compares different experimental methods that measure the mechanical properties of human skin. The work reviews the experimental results in the literature and shows how the mechanical properties of human skin vary with the skin sites, the layers, and the structure of human skin. The paper also discusses how state-of-the-art technology can advance skin research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Jamaleddin Mostafavi Yazdi
- NVH and Experimental Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kettering University, 1700 University Ave, Flint, MI 48504, USA.
| | - Javad Baqersad
- NVH and Experimental Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kettering University, 1700 University Ave, Flint, MI 48504, USA
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