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de Souza LS, Asorey CM, Sellanes J. Melanella martarum sp. nov. (Gastropoda: Eulimidae): the first parasitic deep-sea snail reported for the Salas & Gomez Ridge. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16932. [PMID: 38680893 PMCID: PMC11048058 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Eulimidae is a highly diverse family of gastropods that are often parasites of echinoderms. They are cosmopolitan and live from the intertidal to great depths. Despite its wide geographic and bathymetric distribution, no species of Eulimidae have been reported for the Salas & Gómez Ridge to date. In this study, we describe Melanella martarum sp. nov., which was collected during the EPIC oceanographic cruise onboard RV Mirai (JAMSTEC, Japan) in 2019. Seven specimens were collected with a modified Agassiz trawl on the summit of seamount "Pearl" (Zhemchuznaya) in the Salas & Gómez Ridge (25.59°S, 89.13°W) at 545 m depth. The morphology of M. martarum sp. nov. was compared with other Melanella species reported for the area, including Chile and Rapa Nui. DNA was extracted and partial sequences of the mitochondrial genes Cytochrome Oxidase 1 (COI) and 16S rDNA, and the nuclear gene Histone 3 (H3) were sequenced. Melanella martarum sp. nov. has morphological characteristics that separate it from other species of Melanella, such as the thickness and color of the shell, and the shape of the protoconch. In addition, M. martarum sp. nov. was genetically differentiated from other Melanella spp. sequences (uncorrected p distances from 18,1-8.6% in mitochondrial COI and 16S rDNA to 3% in nuclear H3 sequences). Although there is not much molecular data available for Eulimidae, the phylogenetic analysis confirms the results obtained by morphology, placing the species found on the Salas & Gómez Ridge within the genus Melanella. The current study advances the understanding of the poorly known benthic fauna found on seamounts in the easternmost part of the Sala & Gómez ridge, a location distinguished by a high level of endemism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Santos de Souza
- Departamento de Zoologia - Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cynthia M. Asorey
- Departamento de Biologia Marina, Center for Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Islands (ESMOI), Coquimbo, Chile
- Sala de Colecciones Biológicas Universidad Católica del Norte (SCBUCN), Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Javier Sellanes
- Departamento de Biologia Marina, Center for Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Islands (ESMOI), Coquimbo, Chile
- Sala de Colecciones Biológicas Universidad Católica del Norte (SCBUCN), Coquimbo, Chile
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Stratmann T, Simon-Lledó E, Morganti TM, de Kluijver A, Vedenin A, Purser A. Habitat types and megabenthos composition from three sponge-dominated high-Arctic seamounts. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20610. [PMID: 36446839 PMCID: PMC9708660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25240-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Seamounts are isolated underwater mountains stretching > 1000 m above the seafloor. They are identified as biodiversity hotspots of marine life, and host benthic assemblages that may vary on regional (among seamounts) and local (within seamounts) scales. Here, we collected seafloor imagery of three seamounts at the Langseth Ridge in the central Arctic Ocean to assess habitats and megabenthos community composition at the Central Mount (CM), the Karasik Seamount (KS), and the Northern Mount (NM). The majority of seafloor across these seamounts comprised bare rock, covered with a mixed layer of sponge spicule mats intermixed with detrital debris composed of polychaete tubes, and sand, gravel, and/or rocks. The megabenthos assemblages consisted of in total 15 invertebrate epibenthos taxa and 4 fish taxa, contributing to mean megabenthos densities of 55,745 ind. ha-1 at CM, 110,442 ind. ha-1 at KS, and 65,849 ind. ha-1 at NM. The faunal assemblages at all three seamounts were dominated by habitat-forming Tetractinellida sponges that contributed between 66% (KS) and 85% (CM) to all megabenthos. Interestingly, taxa richness did not differ at regional and local scale, whereas the megabenthos community composition did. Abiotic and biogenic factors shaping distinct habitat types played a major role in structuring of benthic communities in high-Arctic seamounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Stratmann
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Vening Meineszgebouw A, Princetonlaan 8, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands ,grid.419529.20000 0004 0491 3210HGF MPG Joint Research Group for Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany ,grid.10914.3d0000 0001 2227 4609Department of Ocean Systems, NIOZ – Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Landsdiep 4, 1797 SZ ‘t Horntje (Texel), The Netherlands
| | - Erik Simon-Lledó
- grid.418022.d0000 0004 0603 464XOcean BioGeosciences, National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH UK
| | - Teresa Maria Morganti
- grid.419529.20000 0004 0491 3210HGF MPG Joint Research Group for Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany ,grid.423940.80000 0001 2188 0463Marine Chemistry Department, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Anna de Kluijver
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Vening Meineszgebouw A, Princetonlaan 8, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrey Vedenin
- grid.500026.10000 0004 0487 6958Marine Biology Section, Senckenberg am Meer, Südstrand 40, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Autun Purser
- grid.10894.340000 0001 1033 7684Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
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