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Schaudt D, von Schwerin R, Hafner A, Riedel P, Reichert M, von Schwerin M, Beer M, Kloth C. Augmentation strategies for an imbalanced learning problem on a novel COVID-19 severity dataset. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18299. [PMID: 37880333 PMCID: PMC10600145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45532-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many different machine learning models have been developed to detect and verify COVID-19 pneumonia based on chest X-ray images. Although promising, binary models have only limited implications for medical treatment, whereas the prediction of disease severity suggests more suitable and specific treatment options. In this study, we publish severity scores for the 2358 COVID-19 positive images in the COVIDx8B dataset, creating one of the largest collections of publicly available COVID-19 severity data. Furthermore, we train and evaluate deep learning models on the newly created dataset to provide a first benchmark for the severity classification task. One of the main challenges of this dataset is the skewed class distribution, resulting in undesirable model performance for the most severe cases. We therefore propose and examine different augmentation strategies, specifically targeting majority and minority classes. Our augmentation strategies show significant improvements in precision and recall values for the rare and most severe cases. While the models might not yet fulfill medical requirements, they serve as an appropriate starting point for further research with the proposed dataset to optimize clinical resource allocation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schaudt
- Department of Computer Science, Ulm University of Applied Science, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, 89081, Ulm, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany.
| | - Reinhold von Schwerin
- Department of Computer Science, Ulm University of Applied Science, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, 89081, Ulm, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Hafner
- Department of Computer Science, Ulm University of Applied Science, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, 89081, Ulm, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
| | - Pascal Riedel
- Department of Computer Science, Ulm University of Applied Science, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, 89081, Ulm, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
| | - Manfred Reichert
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, James-Franck-Ring, 89081, Ulm, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
| | - Marianne von Schwerin
- Department of Computer Science, Ulm University of Applied Science, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, 89081, Ulm, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
| | - Meinrad Beer
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
| | - Christopher Kloth
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
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Chatterjee A, Prinz A, Riegler MA, Das J. A systematic review and knowledge mapping on ICT-based remote and automatic COVID-19 patient monitoring and care. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1047. [PMID: 37777722 PMCID: PMC10543863 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND e-Health has played a crucial role during the COVID-19 pandemic in primary health care. e-Health is the cost-effective and secure use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to support health and health-related fields. Various stakeholders worldwide use ICTs, including individuals, non-profit organizations, health practitioners, and governments. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, ICT has improved the quality of healthcare, the exchange of information, training of healthcare professionals and patients, and facilitated the relationship between patients and healthcare providers. This study systematically reviews the literature on ICT-based automatic and remote monitoring methods, as well as different ICT techniques used in the care of COVID-19-infected patients. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic literature review is to identify the e-Health methods, associated ICTs, method implementation strategies, information collection techniques, advantages, and disadvantages of remote and automatic patient monitoring and care in COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The search included primary studies that were published between January 2020 and June 2022 in scientific and electronic databases, such as EBSCOhost, Scopus, ACM, Nature, SpringerLink, IEEE Xplore, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, JMIR, Web of Science, Science Direct, and PubMed. In this review, the findings from the included publications are presented and elaborated according to the identified research questions. Evidence-based systematic reviews and meta-analyses were conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Additionally, we improved the review process using the Rayyan tool and the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA). Among the eligibility criteria were methodological rigor, conceptual clarity, and useful implementation of ICTs in e-Health for remote and automatic monitoring of COVID-19 patients. RESULTS Our initial search identified 664 potential studies; 102 were assessed for eligibility in the pre-final stage and 65 articles were used in the final review with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review identified the following eHealth methods-Telemedicine, Mobile Health (mHealth), and Telehealth. The associated ICTs are Wearable Body Sensors, Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms, Internet-of-Things, or Internet-of-Medical-Things (IoT or IoMT), Biometric Monitoring Technologies (BioMeTs), and Bluetooth-enabled (BLE) home health monitoring devices. Spatial or positional data, personal and individual health, and wellness data, including vital signs, symptoms, biomedical images and signals, and lifestyle data are examples of information that is managed by ICTs. Different AI and IoT methods have opened new possibilities for automatic and remote patient monitoring with associated advantages and weaknesses. Our findings were represented in a structured manner using a semantic knowledge graph (e.g., ontology model). CONCLUSIONS Various e-Health methods, related remote monitoring technologies, different approaches, information categories, the adoption of ICT tools for an automatic remote patient monitoring (RPM), advantages and limitations of RMTs in the COVID-19 case are discussed in this review. The use of e-Health during the COVID-19 pandemic illustrates the constraints and possibilities of using ICTs. ICTs are not merely an external tool to achieve definite remote and automatic health monitoring goals; instead, they are embedded in contexts. Therefore, the importance of the mutual design process between ICT and society during the global health crisis has been observed from a social informatics perspective. A global health crisis can be observed as an information crisis (e.g., insufficient information, unreliable information, and inaccessible information); however, this review shows the influence of ICTs on COVID-19 patients' health monitoring and related information collection techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Chatterjee
- Department of Information and Communication Technology, Centre for e-Health, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway.
- Department of Holistic Systems, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Andreas Prinz
- Department of Information and Communication Technology, Centre for e-Health, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway
| | - Michael A Riegler
- Department of Holistic Systems, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jishnu Das
- Department of Information Systems, Centre for e-Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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3
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Dai W, Cui Y, Wang P, Wu H, Zhang L, Bian Y, Li Y, Li Y, Hu H, Zhao J, Xu D, Kong D, Wang Y, Xu L. Classification regularized dimensionality reduction improves ultrasound thyroid nodule diagnostic accuracy and inter-observer consistency. Comput Biol Med 2023; 154:106536. [PMID: 36708654 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for medical image analysis usually only output a probability value, providing no further information about the original image or inter-relationships between different images. Dimensionality Reduction Techniques (DRTs) are used for visualization of high dimensional medical image data, but they are not intended for discriminative classification analysis. AIM We develop an interactive phenotype distribution field visualization system for medical images to accurately reflect the pathological characteristics of lesions and their similarity to assist radiologists in diagnosis and medical research. METHODS We propose a novel method, Classification Regularized Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) referred as CReUMAP, combining the advantages of CNN and DRT, to project the extracted feature vector fused with the malignant probability predicted by a CNN to a two-dimensional space, and then apply a spatial segmentation classifier trained on 2614 ultrasound images for prediction of thyroid nodule malignancy and guidance to radiologists. RESULTS The CReUMAP embedding correlates well with the TI-RADS categories of thyroid nodules. The parametric version that embeds external test dataset of 303 images in presence of the training data with known pathological diagnosis improves the benign and malignant nodule diagnostic accuracy (p-value = 0.016) and confidence (p-value = 1.902 × 10-6) of eight radiologists of different experience levels significantly as well as their inter-observer agreements (kappa≥0.75). CReUMAP achieve 90.8% accuracy, 92.1% sensitivity and 88.6% specificity in test set. CONCLUSION CReUMAP embedding is well correlated with the pathological diagnosis of thyroid nodules, and helps radiologists achieve more accurate, confident and consistent diagnosis. It allows a medical center to generate its locally adapted embedding using an already-trained classification model in an updateable manner on an ever-growing local database as long as the extracted feature vectors and predicted diagnostic probabilities of the correspondent classification model can be outputted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Dai
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Cui
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiyi Wang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeping Bian
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Special Examinations, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yutao Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Hangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hairong Hu
- Demetics Medical Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dexing Kong
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Qiushi Institute for Mathematical Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine & Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- Zhejiang Qiushi Institute for Mathematical Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Alaiad AI, Mugdadi EA, Hmeidi II, Obeidat N, Abualigah L. Predicting the Severity of COVID-19 from Lung CT Images Using Novel Deep Learning. J Med Biol Eng 2023; 43:135-146. [PMID: 37077696 PMCID: PMC10010231 DOI: 10.1007/s40846-023-00783-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) had major social, medical, and economic impacts globally. The study aims to develop a deep-learning model that can predict the severity of COVID-19 in patients based on CT images of their lungs. Methods COVID-19 causes lung infections, and qRT-PCR is an essential tool used to detect virus infection. However, qRT-PCR is inadequate for detecting the severity of the disease and the extent to which it affects the lung. In this paper, we aim to determine the severity level of COVID-19 by studying lung CT scans of people diagnosed with the virus. Results We used images from King Abdullah University Hospital in Jordan; we collected our dataset from 875 cases with 2205 CT images. A radiologist classified the images into four levels of severity: normal, mild, moderate, and severe. We used various deep-learning algorithms to predict the severity of lung diseases. The results show that the best deep-learning algorithm used is Resnet101, with an accuracy score of 99.5% and a data loss rate of 0.03%. Conclusion The proposed model assisted in diagnosing and treating COVID-19 patients and helped improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Imwafak Alaiad
- Computer Information System, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Esraa Ahmad Mugdadi
- Computer Information System, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ismail Ibrahim Hmeidi
- Computer Information System, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Naser Obeidat
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Laith Abualigah
- Computer Science Department, Prince Hussein Bin Abdullah Faculty for Information Technology, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, 25113 Jordan
- College of Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328 Jordan
- Faculty of Information Technology, Middle East University, Amman, 11831 Jordan
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, 11931 Jordan
- School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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van Assen M, Zandehshahvar M, Maleki H, Kiarashi Y, Arleo T, Stillman AE, Filev P, Davarpanah AH, Berkowitz EA, Tigges S, Lee SJ, Vey BL, Adibi A, De Cecco CN. COVID-19 pneumonia chest radiographic severity score: variability assessment among experienced and in-training radiologists and creation of a multireader composite score database for artificial intelligence algorithm development. Br J Radiol 2022; 95:20211028. [PMID: 35451863 PMCID: PMC10996404 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20211028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose was to evaluate reader variability between experienced and in-training radiologists of COVID-19 pneumonia severity on chest radiograph (CXR), and to create a multireader database suitable for AI development. METHODS In this study, CXRs from polymerase chain reaction positive COVID-19 patients were reviewed. Six experienced cardiothoracic radiologists and two residents classified each CXR according to severity. One radiologist performed the classification twice to assess intraobserver variability. Severity classification was assessed using a 4-class system: normal (0), mild (1), moderate (2), and severe (3). A median severity score (Rad Med) for each CXR was determined for the six radiologists for development of a multireader database (XCOMS). Kendal Tau correlation and percentage of disagreement were calculated to assess variability. RESULTS A total of 397 patients (1208 CXRs) were included (mean age, 60 years SD ± 1), 189 men). Interobserver variability between the radiologists ranges between 0.67 and 0.78. Compared to the Rad Med score, the radiologists show good correlation between 0.79-0.88. Residents show slightly lower interobserver agreement of 0.66 with each other and between 0.69 and 0.71 with experienced radiologists. Intraobserver agreement was high with a correlation coefficient of 0.77. In 220 (18%), 707 (59%), 259 (21%) and 22 (2%) CXRs there was a 0, 1, 2 or 3 class-difference. In 594 (50%) CXRs the median scores of the residents and the radiologists were similar, in 578 (48%) and 36 (3%) CXRs there was a 1 and 2 class-difference. CONCLUSION Experienced and in-training radiologists demonstrate good inter- and intraobserver agreement in COVID-19 pneumonia severity classification. A higher percentage of disagreement was observed in moderate cases, which may affect training of AI algorithms. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Most AI algorithms are trained on data labeled by a single expert. This study shows that for COVID-19 X-ray severity classification there is significant variability and disagreement between radiologist and between residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marly van Assen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University
Hospital | Emory Healthcare, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Hossein Maleki
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta,
GA, USA
| | - Yashar Kiarashi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta,
GA, USA
| | - Timothy Arleo
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University
Hospital | Emory Healthcare, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arthur E. Stillman
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University
Hospital | Emory Healthcare, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peter Filev
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University
Hospital | Emory Healthcare, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amir H. Davarpanah
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University
Hospital | Emory Healthcare, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eugene A. Berkowitz
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University
Hospital | Emory Healthcare, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stefan Tigges
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University
Hospital | Emory Healthcare, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Scott J. Lee
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University
Hospital | Emory Healthcare, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brianna L. Vey
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University
Hospital | Emory Healthcare, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ali Adibi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta,
GA, USA
| | - Carlo N. De Cecco
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University
Hospital | Emory Healthcare, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, USA
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Nillmani, Jain PK, Sharma N, Kalra MK, Viskovic K, Saba L, Suri JS. Four Types of Multiclass Frameworks for Pneumonia Classification and Its Validation in X-ray Scans Using Seven Types of Deep Learning Artificial Intelligence Models. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:652. [PMID: 35328205 PMCID: PMC8946935 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Motivation: The novel coronavirus causing COVID-19 is exceptionally contagious, highly mutative, decimating human health and life, as well as the global economy, by consistent evolution of new pernicious variants and outbreaks. The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction currently used for diagnosis has major limitations. Furthermore, the multiclass lung classification X-ray systems having viral, bacterial, and tubercular classes—including COVID-19—are not reliable. Thus, there is a need for a robust, fast, cost-effective, and easily available diagnostic method. Method: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been shown to revolutionize all walks of life, particularly medical imaging. This study proposes a deep learning AI-based automatic multiclass detection and classification of pneumonia from chest X-ray images that are readily available and highly cost-effective. The study has designed and applied seven highly efficient pre-trained convolutional neural networks—namely, VGG16, VGG19, DenseNet201, Xception, InceptionV3, NasnetMobile, and ResNet152—for classification of up to five classes of pneumonia. Results: The database consisted of 18,603 scans with two, three, and five classes. The best results were using DenseNet201, VGG16, and VGG16, respectively having accuracies of 99.84%, 96.7%, 92.67%; sensitivity of 99.84%, 96.63%, 92.70%; specificity of 99.84, 96.63%, 92.41%; and AUC of 1.0, 0.97, 0.92 (p < 0.0001 for all), respectively. Our system outperformed existing methods by 1.2% for the five-class model. The online system takes <1 s while demonstrating reliability and stability. Conclusions: Deep learning AI is a powerful paradigm for multiclass pneumonia classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nillmani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (N.); (P.K.J.); (N.S.)
| | - Pankaj K. Jain
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (N.); (P.K.J.); (N.S.)
| | - Neeraj Sharma
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (N.); (P.K.J.); (N.S.)
| | - Mannudeep K. Kalra
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Klaudija Viskovic
- Department of Radiology and Ultrasound, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), 10015 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Jasjit S. Suri
- Stroke Diagnostic and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, Roseville, CA 95661, USA
- Knowledge Engineering Center, Global Biomedical Technologies, Inc., Roseville, CA 95661, USA
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Diagnostic Performance of a Deep Learning Model Deployed at a National COVID-19 Screening Facility for Detection of Pneumonia on Frontal Chest Radiographs. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10010175. [PMID: 35052339 PMCID: PMC8775598 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Chest radiographs are the mainstay of initial radiological investigation in this COVID-19 pandemic. A reliable and readily deployable artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm that detects pneumonia in COVID-19 suspects can be useful for screening or triage in a hospital setting. This study has a few objectives: first, to develop a model that accurately detects pneumonia in COVID-19 suspects; second, to assess its performance in a real-world clinical setting; and third, by integrating the model with the daily clinical workflow, to measure its impact on report turn-around time. (2) Methods: The model was developed from the NIH Chest-14 open-source dataset and fine-tuned using an internal dataset comprising more than 4000 CXRs acquired in our institution. Input from two senior radiologists provided the reference standard. The model was integrated into daily clinical workflow, prioritising abnormal CXRs for expedited reporting. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), F1 score, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated to characterise diagnostic performance. The average time taken by radiologists in reporting the CXRs was compared against the mean baseline time taken prior to implementation of the AI model. (3) Results: 9431 unique CXRs were included in the datasets, of which 1232 were ground truth-labelled positive for pneumonia. On the “live” dataset, the model achieved an AUC of 0.95 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.92, 0.96) corresponding to a specificity of 97% (95% CI: 0.97, 0.98) and sensitivity of 79% (95% CI: 0.72, 0.84). No statistically significant degradation of diagnostic performance was encountered during clinical deployment, and report turn-around time was reduced by 22%. (4) Conclusion: In real-world clinical deployment, our model expedites reporting of pneumonia in COVID-19 suspects while preserving diagnostic performance without significant model drift.
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8
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Zhang J, Yan Y, Ni H, Ni Z. Lung detection and severity prediction of pneumonia patients based on COVID-19 DET-PRE network. Expert Rev Med Devices 2022; 19:97-106. [PMID: 34894969 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2022.2014319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 pneumonia has brought a heavy disaster to individuals globally. Facing this new virus, the clinicians have no automatic tools to assess the severity of pneumonia patients. METHODS In the current work, a COVID-19 DET-PRE network with two pipelines was proposed. Firstly, the lungs in X-rays were detected and segmented through the improved YOLOv3 Dense network to remove redundant features. Then, the VGG16 classifier was pre-trained on the source domain, and the severity of the disease was predicted on the target domain by means of transfer learning. RESULTS The experiment results demonstrated that the COVID-19 DET-PRE network can effectively detect the lungs from X-rays and accurately predict the severity of the disease. The mean average precisions (mAPs) of lung detection in patients with mild and severe illness were 0.976 and 0.983 respectively. Moreover, the accuracy of severity prediction of COVID-19 pneumonia can reach 86.1%. CONCLUSIONS The proposed neural network has high accuracy, which is suitable for the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiao Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjun Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhonghua Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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9
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Asada K, Komatsu M, Shimoyama R, Takasawa K, Shinkai N, Sakai A, Bolatkan A, Yamada M, Takahashi S, Machino H, Kobayashi K, Kaneko S, Hamamoto R. Application of Artificial Intelligence in COVID-19 Diagnosis and Therapeutics. J Pers Med 2021; 11:886. [PMID: 34575663 PMCID: PMC8471764 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began at the end of December 2019, giving rise to a high rate of infections and causing COVID-19-associated deaths worldwide. It was first reported in Wuhan, China, and since then, not only global leaders, organizations, and pharmaceutical/biotech companies, but also researchers, have directed their efforts toward overcoming this threat. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) has recently surged internationally and has been applied to diverse aspects of many problems. The benefits of using AI are now widely accepted, and many studies have shown great success in medical research on tasks, such as the classification, detection, and prediction of disease, or even patient outcome. In fact, AI technology has been actively employed in various ways in COVID-19 research, and several clinical applications of AI-equipped medical devices for the diagnosis of COVID-19 have already been reported. Hence, in this review, we summarize the latest studies that focus on medical imaging analysis, drug discovery, and therapeutics such as vaccine development and public health decision-making using AI. This survey clarifies the advantages of using AI in the fight against COVID-19 and provides future directions for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic using AI techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Asada
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Masaaki Komatsu
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Ryo Shimoyama
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Ken Takasawa
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Norio Shinkai
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
- Department of NCC Cancer Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Akira Sakai
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
- Department of NCC Cancer Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Amina Bolatkan
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Masayoshi Yamada
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
- Department of Endoscopy, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Hidenori Machino
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Kazuma Kobayashi
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Syuzo Kaneko
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
| | - Ryuji Hamamoto
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan; (K.A.); (M.K.); (R.S.); (K.T.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (A.S.); (M.Y.)
- Department of NCC Cancer Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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