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Yang L, Xiong J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang X, Si Y, Zhu B, Chen H, Cao S, Ye J. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the immune features and viral tropism in the central nervous system of mice infected with Japanese encephalitis virus. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:76. [PMID: 38532383 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03071-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a neurotropic pathogen that causes lethal encephalitis. The high susceptibility and massive proliferation of JEV in neurons lead to extensive neuronal damage and inflammation within the central nervous system. Despite extensive research on JEV pathogenesis, the effect of JEV on the cellular composition and viral tropism towards distinct neuronal subtypes in the brain is still not well comprehended. To address these issues, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on cells isolated from the JEV-highly infected regions of mouse brain. We obtained 88,000 single cells and identified 34 clusters representing 10 major cell types. The scRNA-seq results revealed an increasing amount of activated microglia cells and infiltrating immune cells, including monocytes & macrophages, T cells, and natural killer cells, which were associated with the severity of symptoms. Additionally, we observed enhanced communication between individual cells and significant ligand-receptor pairs related to tight junctions, chemokines and antigen-presenting molecules upon JEV infection, suggesting an upregulation of endothelial permeability, inflammation and antiviral response. Moreover, we identified that Baiap2-positive neurons were highly susceptible to JEV. Our findings provide valuable clues for understanding the mechanism of JEV induced neuro-damage and inflammation as well as developing therapies for Japanese encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling'en Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junyao Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yinguang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xugang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Youhui Si
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bibo Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shengbo Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Rafiyian M, Gouyandeh F, Saati M, Davoodvandi A, Rasooli Manesh SM, Asemi R, Sharifi M, Asemi Z. Melatonin affects the expression of microRNA-21: A mini-review of current evidence. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155160. [PMID: 38277748 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is an endogenous hormone produced by pineal gland which possess promising anti-tumor effects. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of MLT, along with its immunomodulatory, proapoptotic, and anti-angiogenic properties, are often referred to the main mechanisms of its anti-tumor effects. Recent evidence has suggested that epigenetic alterations are also involved in the anti-tumor properties of MLT. Among these MLT-induced epigenetic alterations is modulation of the expression of several oncogenic and tumor suppressor microRNAs(miRNAs). MiRNAs are among the most promising and potential therapeutic and diagnostic tools in different diseases and enhanced the development of better therapeutic drugs. Suppression of oncomicroRNAs such as microRNA-21, - 20a, and - 27a as well as, up-regulation of microRNA-34 a/c are among the most important effects of MLT on microRNAs homeostasis. Recently, miR-21 has attracted the attention of scientists due to the its wide range of effects on different cancers and diseases. Regulation of this RNA may be a key to the development of better therapeutic targets. The present review will summarize the findings of in vitro and experimental studies of MLT-induced impacts on the expression of microRNAs which are involved in different models and numerous stages of tumor initiation, growth, metastasis, and chemo-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rafiyian
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Gouyandeh
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Saati
- Department of Nursing, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Reza Asemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Sharifi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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