Investigation of blood flow characteristics saturated by graphene/CuO hybrid nanoparticles under quadratic radiation using VIM: study for expanding/contracting channel

Numerical investigation of heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of ternary nanofluids through convergent and divergent channels

The characteristics of nanomaterials have garnered significant attention in recent research on natural and forced convection. This study focuses on the forced convection characteristics of ternary nanofluids within convergent and divergent channels. The ternary nanofluid comprises titanium oxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and silver suspended in water, which serves as the base fluid. Using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0, a reliable software for finite element analysis, numerical simulations were conducted for steady and incompressible two-dimensional flow. Reynolds numbers varying from 100 to 800 were employed to investigate forced convection. Additionally, we explored aspect ratios (channel height divided by the height of the convergent or divergent section) of -0.4, -0.2, 0, 0.2, and 0.4. Our findings revealed that only at aspect ratio a = 0.4 did the average outlet temperature increase as the Reynolds number rose, while other aspect ratios exhibited decreasing average temperatures with declining Reynolds numbers. Moreover, as the Reynolds number increased from 100 to 800 and the total volume fraction of the ternary nanofluids ranged from 0.003 to 0.15, there was a significant 100% enhancement in the average Nusselt number. For clarity, this article briefly presents essential information, such as the study's numerical nature, fluid properties (constant-property fluid), and the methodology (COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0, finite element analysis). Key conclusions are highlighted to enable readers to grasp the main outcomes at a glance. These details are also adequately covered in the manuscript to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the research. The utilization of this emerging phenomenon holds immense potential in various applications, ranging from the development of highly efficient heat exchangers to the optimization of thermal energy systems. This phenomenon can be harnessed in scenarios in which effective cost management in thermal production is a critical consideration.

Energy transfer through third-grade fluid flow across an inclined stretching sheet subject to thermal radiation and Lorentz force

The heat and mass transfer through the third grade fluid (TGF) flow over an inclined elongating sheet with the consequences of magnetic field and chemical reaction is reported. The impact of activation energy, heat source/sink, and thermal radiation is considered on the TGF flow. Fluid that demonstrate non-Newtonian (NN) properties such as shear thickening, shear thinning, and normal stresses despite the fact that the boundary is inflexible is known as TGF. It also has viscous elastic fluid properties. In the proposed model, the TGF model is designed in form of nonlinear coupled partial differential equations (PDEs). Before employing the numerical package bvp4c, the system of coupled equations are reduced into non-dimensional form. The finite-difference code bvp4c, in particular, executes the Lobatto three-stage IIIa formula. The impacts of flow constraints on velocity field, energy profile, Nusselt number and skin friction are displayed through Tables and Figures. For validity of the results, the numerical comparison with the published study is performed through Table. From graphical results, it can be perceived that the fluid velocity enriches with the variation of TGF factor and Richardson number. The heat source parameter operational as a heating mediator for the flow system, its influence enhances the fluid temperature.

Stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid flow passing over a rotating sphere subjected to thermophoretic diffusion and thermal radiation

The effects of thermal radiation and thermophoretic particles deposition (TPD) on the hybrid nanofluid (HNF) flow across a circling sphere have momentous roles in research and engineering. Such as electrical devices, projectiles, thermal conveyance, sheet production, renewable energy, and nuclear-powered plants. Therefore, the current study presents the stagnation point flow of HNF flows about an orbiting sphere. The HNF is organized with the accumulation of aluminum alloys (AA70772 and AA7075) nanoparticles in the water. The HNF flow model equations are changed into the non-dimensional form of ODEs through the similarity variables and then numerically solved through the parametric simulation. It has been perceived that the significance of the rotation factor boosts the velocity curve, while the flow motion drops with the increasing numbers of AA7072 and AA7075 nanoparticles. Furthermore, the addition of AA7072 and AA70775 nano particulates in water lessens with the temperature profile. The energy distribution rate in case of hybrid nanoliquid enhances from 3.87 to 13.79%, whereas the mass dissemination rate enhances from 4.35 to 11.24% as the nanoparticles concentration varies from 0.01 to 0.03.

Numerical thermal study of ternary nanofluid influenced by thermal radiation towards convectively heated sinusoidal cylinder

Applications

The heat transfer remains a huge problem for industrialists and engineers because many production processes required considerable amount of heat to finish the process successfully. Although, conventional fluids have large scale industrial applications but unable to provide huge amount of heat transfer. Therefore, the study is organized to propose a new ternary heat transfer model using different physical constraints. The key applications area of nanofluid heat transfer are chemical, applied thermal and food processing engineering.

Purpose

and Methodology: The key purpose of this research is introduce a new ternary nanofluid model using the impressive effects of thermal radiations, surface convection and saddle/nodal points. The results simulated via RKF-45 and discussed in detail.

Core findings

The strength of Al2O3 nanoparticles form 1%-7% (keeping fixed CuO and Cu as 4% and 6%) and s1 = -0.2,-0.4,-0.6,-0.8 controlled the fluid movement while s1 = 0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8 boosted the velocity. Increasing the convection process Bi = 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 increased the temperature significantly. Further, shear drag is maximum for ternary nanofluid and thermal radiations Rd = 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 enhances the heat transfer rate.