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Kocher D, Cao L, Guiho R, Langhammer M, Lai YL, Becker P, Hamdi H, Friedel D, Selt F, Vonhören D, Zaman J, Valinciute G, Herter S, Picard D, Rettenmeier J, Maass KK, Pajtler KW, Remke M, von Deimling A, Pusch S, Pfister SM, Oehme I, Jones DTW, Halbach S, Brummer T, Martinez-Barbera JP, Witt O, Milde T, Sigaud R. Rebound growth of BRAF mutant pediatric glioma cells after MAPKi withdrawal is associated with MAPK reactivation and secretion of microglia-recruiting cytokines. J Neurooncol 2024; 168:317-332. [PMID: 38630384 PMCID: PMC11147834 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-024-04672-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs), the most common primary brain tumors in children, can often benefit from MAPK inhibitor (MAPKi) treatment. However, rapid tumor regrowth, also referred to as rebound growth, may occur once treatment is stopped, constituting a significant clinical challenge. METHODS Four patient-derived pediatric glioma models were investigated to model rebound growth in vitro based on viable cell counts in response to MAPKi treatment and withdrawal. A multi-omics dataset (RNA sequencing and LC-MS/MS based phospho-/proteomics) was generated to investigate possible rebound-driving mechanisms. Following in vitro validation, putative rebound-driving mechanisms were validated in vivo using the BT-40 orthotopic xenograft model. RESULTS Of the tested models, only a BRAFV600E-driven model (BT-40, with additional CDKN2A/Bdel) showed rebound growth upon MAPKi withdrawal. Using this model, we identified a rapid reactivation of the MAPK pathway upon MAPKi withdrawal in vitro, also confirmed in vivo. Furthermore, transient overactivation of key MAPK molecules at transcriptional (e.g. FOS) and phosphorylation (e.g. pMEK) levels, was observed in vitro. Additionally, we detected increased expression and secretion of cytokines (CCL2, CX3CL1, CXCL10 and CCL7) upon MAPKi treatment, maintained during early withdrawal. While increased cytokine expression did not have tumor cell intrinsic effects, presence of these cytokines in conditioned media led to increased attraction of microglia cells in vitro. CONCLUSION Taken together, these data indicate rapid MAPK reactivation upon MAPKi withdrawal as a tumor cell intrinsic rebound-driving mechanism. Furthermore, increased secretion of microglia-recruiting cytokines may play a role in treatment response and rebound growth upon withdrawal, warranting further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Kocher
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lei Cao
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, WC1N 1EH, London, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Romain Guiho
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, WC1N 1EH, London, UK
- Nantes Université, Oniris, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Melanie Langhammer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (IMMZ), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yun-Lu Lai
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pauline Becker
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hiba Hamdi
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, WC1N 1EH, London, UK
| | - Dennis Friedel
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Selt
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Vonhören
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Zaman
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gintvile Valinciute
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonja Herter
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Picard
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johanna Rettenmeier
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kendra K Maass
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristian W Pajtler
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Remke
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pusch
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ina Oehme
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David T W Jones
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Halbach
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (IMMZ), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Brummer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (IMMZ), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Freiburg, Germany, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juan Pedro Martinez-Barbera
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Birth Defects Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, WC1N 1EH, London, UK
| | - Olaf Witt
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Till Milde
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany.
- KiTZ Clinical Trial Unit (ZIPO), Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Romain Sigaud
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Modak RV, de Oliveira Rebola KG, McClatchy J, Mohammadhosseini M, Damnernsawad A, Kurtz SE, Eide CA, Wu G, Laderas T, Nechiporuk T, Gritsenko MA, Hansen JR, Hutchinson C, Gosline SJ, Piehowski P, Bottomly D, Short N, Rodland K, McWeeney SK, Tyner JW, Agarwal A. Targeting CCL2/CCR2 Signaling Overcomes MEK Inhibitor Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:2245-2259. [PMID: 38451486 PMCID: PMC11094423 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Emerging evidence underscores the critical role of extrinsic factors within the microenvironment in protecting leukemia cells from therapeutic interventions, driving disease progression, and promoting drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This finding emphasizes the need for the identification of targeted therapies that inhibit intrinsic and extrinsic signaling to overcome drug resistance in AML. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed a comprehensive analysis utilizing a cohort of ∼300 AML patient samples. This analysis encompassed the evaluation of secreted cytokines/growth factors, gene expression, and ex vivo drug sensitivity to small molecules. Our investigation pinpointed a notable association between elevated levels of CCL2 and diminished sensitivity to the MEK inhibitors (MEKi). We validated this association through loss-of-function and pharmacologic inhibition studies. Further, we deployed global phosphoproteomics and CRISPR/Cas9 screening to identify the mechanism of CCR2-mediated MEKi resistance in AML. RESULTS Our multifaceted analysis unveiled that CCL2 activates multiple prosurvival pathways, including MAPK and cell-cycle regulation in MEKi-resistant cells. Employing combination strategies to simultaneously target these pathways heightened growth inhibition in AML cells. Both genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of CCR2 sensitized AML cells to trametinib, suppressing proliferation while enhancing apoptosis. These findings underscore a new role for CCL2 in MEKi resistance, offering combination therapies as an avenue to circumvent this resistance. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates a compelling rationale for translating CCL2/CCR2 axis inhibitors in combination with MEK pathway-targeting therapies, as a potent strategy for combating drug resistance in AML. This approach has the potential to enhance the efficacy of treatments to improve AML patient outcomes.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Receptors, CCR2/metabolism
- Receptors, CCR2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, CCR2/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Chemokine CCL2/genetics
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Animals
- Pyridones/pharmacology
- Pyridones/therapeutic use
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucha V. Modak
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Katia G. de Oliveira Rebola
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - John McClatchy
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Mona Mohammadhosseini
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Alisa Damnernsawad
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stephen E. Kurtz
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Christopher A. Eide
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Guanming Wu
- Division of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ted Laderas
- Division of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Tamilla Nechiporuk
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | | | | | - Sara J.C. Gosline
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Paul Piehowski
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Division of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Nicholas Short
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Karin Rodland
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
| | - Shannon K. McWeeney
- Division of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jeffrey W. Tyner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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3
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Fischer MM, Blüthgen N. On minimising tumoural growth under treatment resistance. J Theor Biol 2024; 579:111716. [PMID: 38135033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2023.111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major challenge for curative cancer treatment, representing the main reason of death in patients. Evolutionary biology suggests pauses between treatment rounds as a way to delay or even avoid resistance emergence. Indeed, this approach has already shown promising preclinical and early clinical results, and stimulated the development of mathematical models for finding optimal treatment protocols. Due to their complexity, however, these models do not lend themself to a rigorous mathematical analysis, hence so far clinical recommendations generally relied on numerical simulations and ad-hoc heuristics. Here, we derive two mathematical models describing tumour growth under genetic and epigenetic treatment resistance, respectively, which are simple enough for a complete analytical investigation. First, we find key differences in response to treatment protocols between the two modes of resistance. Second, we identify the optimal treatment protocol which leads to the largest possible tumour shrinkage rate. Third, we fit the "epigenetic model" to previously published xenograft experiment data, finding excellent agreement, underscoring the biological validity of our approach. Finally, we use the fitted model to calculate the optimal treatment protocol for this specific experiment, which we demonstrate to cause curative treatment, making it superior to previous approaches which generally aimed at stabilising tumour burden. Overall, our approach underscores the usefulness of simple mathematical models and their analytical examination, and we anticipate our findings to guide future preclinical and, ultimately, clinical research in optimising treatment regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias M Fischer
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Charité and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Blüthgen
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Charité and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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4
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Casacuberta-Serra S, Gonzalez-Larreategui I, Soucek L. eIF4A dependency: the hidden key to unlock KRAS mutant non-small cell lung cancer's vulnerability. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2023; 12:2570-2575. [PMID: 38205207 PMCID: PMC10775007 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-23-682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iñigo Gonzalez-Larreategui
- Models of Cancer Therapies Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology, Cellex Centre, Hospital University Vall d’Hebron Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Soucek
- Peptomyc S.L., Barcelona, Spain
- Models of Cancer Therapies Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology, Cellex Centre, Hospital University Vall d’Hebron Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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5
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Lee SM, Han Y, Cho KH. Deep learning untangles the resistance mechanism of p53 reactivator in lung cancer cells. iScience 2023; 26:108377. [PMID: 38034356 PMCID: PMC10682260 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 plays a pivotal role in suppressing cancer, so various drugs has been suggested to upregulate its function. However, drug resistance is still the biggest hurdle to be overcome. To address this, we developed a deep learning model called AnoDAN (anomalous gene detection using generative adversarial networks and graph neural networks for overcoming drug resistance) that unravels the hidden resistance mechanisms and identifies a combinatorial target to overcome the resistance. Our findings reveal that the TGF-β signaling pathway, alongside the p53 signaling pathway, mediates the resistance, with THBS1 serving as a core regulatory target in both pathways. Experimental validation in lung cancer cells confirms the effects of THBS1 on responsiveness to a p53 reactivator. We further discovered the positive feedback loop between THBS1 and the TGF-β pathway as the main source of resistance. This study enhances our understanding of p53 regulation and offers insights into overcoming drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Min Lee
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Bio-inspired Engineering, Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghyun Han
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Bio-inspired Engineering, Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Cho
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Bio-inspired Engineering, Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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6
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Daley BR, Vieira HM, Rao C, Hughes JM, Beckley ZM, Huisman DH, Chatterjee D, Sealover NE, Cox K, Askew JW, Svoboda RA, Fisher KW, Lewis RE, Kortum RL. SOS1 and KSR1 modulate MEK inhibitor responsiveness to target resistant cell populations based on PI3K and KRAS mutation status. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2313137120. [PMID: 37972068 PMCID: PMC10666034 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313137120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
KRAS is the most commonly mutated oncogene. Targeted therapies have been developed against mediators of key downstream signaling pathways, predominantly components of the RAF/MEK/ERK kinase cascade. Unfortunately, single-agent efficacy of these agents is limited both by intrinsic and acquired resistance. Survival of drug-tolerant persister cells within the heterogeneous tumor population and/or acquired mutations that reactivate receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/RAS signaling can lead to outgrowth of tumor-initiating cells (TICs) and drive therapeutic resistance. Here, we show that targeting the key RTK/RAS pathway signaling intermediates SOS1 (Son of Sevenless 1) or KSR1 (Kinase Suppressor of RAS 1) both enhances the efficacy of, and prevents resistance to, the MEK inhibitor trametinib in KRAS-mutated lung (LUAD) and colorectal (COAD) adenocarcinoma cell lines depending on the specific mutational landscape. The SOS1 inhibitor BI-3406 enhanced the efficacy of trametinib and prevented trametinib resistance by targeting spheroid-initiating cells in KRASG12/G13-mutated LUAD and COAD cell lines that lacked PIK3CA comutations. Cell lines with KRASQ61 and/or PIK3CA mutations were insensitive to trametinib and BI-3406 combination therapy. In contrast, deletion of the RAF/MEK/ERK scaffold protein KSR1 prevented drug-induced SIC upregulation and restored trametinib sensitivity across all tested KRAS mutant cell lines in both PIK3CA-mutated and PIK3CA wild-type cancers. Our findings demonstrate that vertical inhibition of RTK/RAS signaling is an effective strategy to prevent therapeutic resistance in KRAS-mutated cancers, but therapeutic efficacy is dependent on both the specific KRAS mutant and underlying comutations. Thus, selection of optimal therapeutic combinations in KRAS-mutated cancers will require a detailed understanding of functional dependencies imposed by allele-specific KRAS mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna R. Daley
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD20814
| | - Heidi M. Vieira
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE68198
| | - Chaitra Rao
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE68198
| | - Jacob M. Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD20814
| | - Zaria M. Beckley
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD20814
| | - Dianna H. Huisman
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE68198
| | - Deepan Chatterjee
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE68198
| | - Nancy E. Sealover
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD20814
| | - Katherine Cox
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD20814
| | - James W. Askew
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE68198
| | - Robert A. Svoboda
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE68198
| | - Kurt W. Fisher
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE68198
| | - Robert E. Lewis
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE68198
| | - Robert L. Kortum
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD20814
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7
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Pan W, Tian Y, Zheng Q, Yang Z, Qiang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang N, Xiong J, Zhu X, Wei L, Li F. Oncogenic BRAF noncanonically promotes tumor metastasis by mediating VASP phosphorylation and filopodia formation. Oncogene 2023; 42:3194-3205. [PMID: 37689827 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02829-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BRAF is frequently mutated in various cancer types and contributes to tumorigenesis and metastasis. As an important switch in RAS signaling pathway, BRAF typically enables the activation of MEK and ERK, and its mutation significantly promotes metastasis. However, whether BRAF could stimulate metastasis via a distinct manner is still unknown. Herein, we found that a portion of the BRAF protein localized at the plasma membrane and that the BRAFV600E mutation led to abundant formation of filopodia, which is a hallmark of invasive cancer cells. Mechanistically, BRAF physically interacts with the pseudopod formation-related protein Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), and BRAF specifically catalyzes VASP phosphorylation at Ser157. VASP depletion or disruption of Ser157 phosphorylation preferentially reduced the motility, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells harboring oncogenic BRAF or KRAS. Moreover, in clinical cancer tissues, BRAFV600E was positively correlated with the extent of invasion, and tissues with BRAFV600E expression exhibited elevated levels of VASP Ser157 phosphorylation. Our study therefor reveals a noncanonical mechanism by which oncogenic BRAF or KRAS promotes metastasis, suggests that VASP Ser157 phosphorylation might serve as a valuable therapeutic target in BRAF or KRAS mutant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Pan
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihao Tian
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zelin Yang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yulong Qiang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zun Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan, China.
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8
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Chiou LW, Chan CH, Jhuang YL, Yang CY, Jeng YM. DNA replication stress and mitotic catastrophe mediate sotorasib addiction in KRAS G12C-mutant cancer. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:50. [PMID: 37386628 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00940-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sotorasib is the first KRASG12C inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating KRASG12C-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Clinical trials on the therapeutic use of sotorasib for cancer have reported promising results. However, KRASG12C-mutant cancers can acquire resistance to sotorasib after treatment. We incidentally discovered that sotorasib-resistant (SR) cancer cells are addicted to this inhibitor. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying sotorasib addiction. METHODS Sotorasib-resistant cells were established using KRASG12C-mutant pancreatic cancer and NSCLC cell lines. Cell viability in the presence or absence of sotorasib and in combination with multiple inhibitors was assessed through proliferation assay and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry assays. The mechanisms underlying drug addiction were elucidated through 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay, immunofluorescence staining, time-lapse microscopy, and comet assay. Furthermore, a subcutaneous xenograft model was used to demonstrate sotorasib addiction in vivo. RESULTS In the absence of sotorasib, the sotorasib-resistant cells underwent p21Waf1/Cip1-mediated cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Sotorasib withdrawal resulted in robust activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, inducing severe DNA damage and replication stress, which activated the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. Persistent MAPK pathway hyperactivation with DDR exhaustion led to premature mitotic entry and aberrant mitosis, followed by micronucleus and nucleoplasmic bridge formation. Pharmacologic activation of the MAPK pathway with a type I BRAF inhibitor could further enhance the effects of sotorasib withdrawal on sotorasib-resistant cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We elucidated the mechanisms underlying the sotorasib addiction of cancer cells. Sotorasib addiction appears to be mediated through MAPK pathway hyperactivity, DNA damage, replication stress, and mitotic catastrophe. Moreover, we devised a therapeutic strategy involving a type I BRAF inhibitor to strengthen the effects of sotorasib addiction; this strategy may provide clinical benefit for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hui Chan
- Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Jhuang
- Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yao Yang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Ming Jeng
- Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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9
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Li B, Wang J, Raza SHA, Wang S, Liang C, Zhang W, Yu S, Shah MA, Al Abdulmonem W, Alharbi YM, Aljohani ASM, Pant SD, Zan L. MAPK family genes' influences on myogenesis in cattle: Genome-wide analysis and identification. Res Vet Sci 2023; 159:198-212. [PMID: 37148739 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family is highly conserved in mammals, and is involved in a variety of physiological phenomena like regeneration, development, cell proliferation, and differentiation. In this study, 13 MAPK genes were identified in cattle and their corresponding protein properties were characterized using genome-wide identification and analysis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 13 BtMAPKs were cluster grouped into eight major evolutionary branches, which were segmented into three large subfamilies: ERK, p38 and JNK MAPK. BtMAPKs from the same subfamily had similar protein motif compositions, but considerably different exon-intron patterns. The heatmap analysis of transcriptome sequencing data showed that the expression of BtMAPKs was tissue-specific, with BtMAPK6 and BtMAPK12 highly expressed in muscle tissues. Furthermore, knockdown of BtMAPK6 and BtMAPK12 revealed that BtMAPK6 had no effect on myogenic cell proliferation, but negatively affected the differentiation of myogenic cells. In contrast, BtMAPK12 improved both the cell proliferation and differentiation. Taken together, these results provide novel insights into the functions of MAPK families in cattle, which could serve as a basis for further studies on the specific mechanisms of the genes in myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Sihu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengcheng Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenzheng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengchen Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Mujahid Ali Shah
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Water, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6655, Buraidah 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Mesfer Alharbi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer D Pant
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Boorooma Street, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China; National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China.
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10
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Salmón M, Álvarez-Díaz R, Fustero-Torre C, Brehey O, Lechuga CG, Sanclemente M, Fernández-García F, López-García A, Martín-Guijarro MC, Rodríguez-Perales S, Bousquet-Mur E, Morales-Cacho L, Mulero F, Al-Shahrour F, Martínez L, Domínguez O, Caleiras E, Ortega S, Guerra C, Musteanu M, Drosten M, Barbacid M. Kras oncogene ablation prevents resistance in advanced lung adenocarcinomas. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e164413. [PMID: 36928090 PMCID: PMC10065067 DOI: 10.1172/jci164413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
KRASG12C inhibitors have revolutionized the clinical management of patients with KRASG12C-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. However, patient exposure to these inhibitors leads to the rapid onset of resistance. In this study, we have used genetically engineered mice to compare the therapeutic efficacy and the emergence of tumor resistance between genetic ablation of mutant Kras expression and pharmacological inhibition of oncogenic KRAS activity. Whereas Kras ablation induces massive tumor regression and prevents the appearance of resistant cells in vivo, treatment of KrasG12C/Trp53-driven lung adenocarcinomas with sotorasib, a selective KRASG12C inhibitor, caused a limited antitumor response similar to that observed in the clinic, including the rapid onset of resistance. Unlike in human tumors, we did not observe mutations in components of the RAS-signaling pathways. Instead, sotorasib-resistant tumors displayed amplification of the mutant Kras allele and activation of xenobiotic metabolism pathways, suggesting that reduction of the on-target activity of KRASG12C inhibitors is the main mechanism responsible for the onset of resistance. In sum, our results suggest that resistance to KRAS inhibitors could be prevented by achieving a more robust inhibition of KRAS signaling mimicking the results obtained upon Kras ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Salmón
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
| | | | | | - Oksana Brehey
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sagrario Ortega
- Mouse Genome Editing Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Guerra
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Musteanu
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthias Drosten
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC) and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas–Universidad de Salamanca (CSIC-USAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mariano Barbacid
- Experimental Oncology Group, Molecular Oncology Program
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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