1
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Yang X, Zhang B, Ruan J, Duanmu K, Chen W. Palladium-Catalyzed Allylation of Endocyclic 1-Azaallyl Anions. J Org Chem 2024; 89:8896-8905. [PMID: 38856706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Endocyclic 1-azaallyl anions engage allyl acetates in a palladium-catalyzed allylation followed by reduction to give unprotected 2-(hetero)aryl-3-allylpiperidines and 2-allyl-3-arylmorpholines, products not easily accessible by other means. The allyl group is then readily transformed into a variety of functional groups. Preliminary studies on the asymmetric variant of the reaction using an enantiomerically pure BI-DIME-type ligand provide the product with moderate enantioselectivity. Computational studies suggest that energy barriers of inner-sphere reductive elimination and outer-sphere nucleophilic substitution are almost the same, which makes both of them possible reaction pathways. In addition, the inner-sphere mechanism displays an enantiodiscriminating C-C bond forming step, while the outer-sphere mechanism is much less selective, which combined to give the asymmetric variant of the reaction moderate enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Institute for Advanced Studies, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Biao Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Institute for Advanced Studies, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Junhao Ruan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Institute for Advanced Studies, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Kaining Duanmu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Institute for Advanced Studies, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Chen
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Institute for Advanced Studies, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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2
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Zhang Q, Zhou P, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Liang T, Jiang J, Zhang Z. Catalyst-controlled regiodivergent C-H bond alkenylation of 2-pyridylthiophenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37366584 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02411c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel and effective RhIII- and PdII-controlled switchable C-H alkenylation of 2-pyridylthiophenes with alkenes is realized. The alkenylation reactions proceeded smoothly in a highly regio- and stereo-selective manner to afford a broad range of C3- and C5-alkenylated products. Depending on the catalyst employed, the reactions involve two typical approaches: C3-alkenylation via chelation-assisted rhodation and C5-alkenylation via electrophilic palladation. This regiodivergent synthetic protocol was successfully applied for the straightforward building of π-conjugated difunctionalized 2-pyridylthiophenes, which may show great potential in organic electronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry Technology and Resource Development, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry Technology and Resource Development, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Yaokun Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry Technology and Resource Development, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Yeran Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry Technology and Resource Development, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Taoyuan Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry Technology and Resource Development, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry Technology and Resource Development, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China.
| | - Zhuan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry Technology and Resource Development, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China.
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3
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Yeo S, Choi A, Greaves S, Meijer AJHM, Silvestri IP, Coldham I. Kinetic Resolution of 2-Aryldihydroquinolines Using Lithiation - Synthesis of Chiral 1,2- and 1,4-Dihydroquinolines. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300815. [PMID: 37067465 PMCID: PMC10946909 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Highly enantiomerically enriched dihydrohydroquinolines were prepared in two steps from quinoline. Addition of aryllithiums to quinoline with tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) protection gave N-Boc-2-aryl-1,2-dihydroquinolines. These were treated with n-butyllithium and electrophilic trapping occurred exclusively at C-4 of the dihydroquinoline, a result supported by DFT studies. Variable temperature NMR spectroscopy gave kinetic data for the barrier to rotation of the carbonyl group (ΔG≠ ≈49 kJ mol-1 , 195 K). Lithiation using the diamine sparteine allowed kinetic resolutions with high enantioselectivities (enantiomer ratio up to 99 : 1). The enantioenriched 1,2-dihydroquinolines could be converted to 1,4-dihydroquinolines with retention of stereochemistry. Further functionalisation led to trisubstituted products. Reduction provided enantioenriched tetrahydroquinolines, whereas acid-promoted removal of Boc led to quinolines, and this was applied to a synthesis of the antimalarial compound M5717.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song‐Hee Yeo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldBrook HillSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - Anthony Choi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldBrook HillSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - Sophie Greaves
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldBrook HillSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | | | | | - Iain Coldham
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldBrook HillSheffieldS3 7HFUK
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4
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Das A, Choi A, Coldham I. Photocatalysis and Kinetic Resolution by Lithiation to Give Enantioenriched 2-Arylpiperazines. Org Lett 2023; 25:987-991. [PMID: 36735675 PMCID: PMC9942196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Piperazines are important heterocycles in drug compounds. We report the asymmetric synthesis of arylpiperazines by photocatalytic decarboxylative arylation (metallaphotoredox catalysis) then kinetic resolution using n-BuLi/(+)-sparteine. This gave a range of piperazines with very high enantioselectivities. Further functionalizations gave enantioenriched 2,2-disubstituted piperazines, and either N-substituent can be removed selectively. Late-stage functionalizations of enantioenriched piperazine derivatives were demonstrated, including synthesis of a drug compound with glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β inhibitor activity with potential for treating Alzheimer's disease.
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5
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Zhao X, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zheng X, Liang J, Liang Q, Lin W. Metal-free photosensitized intermolecular carboimination of alkenes: a green and direct access to both β-amino acids and β-amino ketones. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7593-7598. [PMID: 36128897 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01474b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
β-Amino carbonyl substructures are privileged motifs in natural products and active pharmaceutical compounds. Here, we report a photoinduced metal-free and highly regioselective intermolecular carboimination method via the simultaneous introduction of amino and carbonyl groups into the CC double bond in one step, providing straightforward, green and general access to both β-amino acid and β-amino ketone motifs from readily available alkene feedstocks. The mild reaction conditions, excellent functional group tolerance and product diversity should make this a broadly applicable carboimination approach of very broad interest to organic and medicinal chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingda Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Cairong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Hengyue Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Xiaolan Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Jiayu Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Qianqian Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Weilong Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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6
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Pérez-Saavedra B, Velasco-Rubio Á, Rivera-Chao E, Varela JA, Saá C, Fañanás-Mastral M. Catalytic Lewis Base Additive Enables Selective Copper-Catalyzed Borylative α-C-H Allylation of Alicyclic Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16206-16216. [PMID: 36001853 PMCID: PMC9460777 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Functionalized alicyclic amines are important building
blocks for
the synthesis of bioactive natural compounds and drugs. Existing methods
of functionalization are typically limited to the synthesis of protected
amines or the use of highly basic organometallic reagents that can
compromise functional group tolerance. Here, we report a novel approach
that enables the transformation of O-benzoyl hydroxylamines
into α-functionalized cyclic secondary amines by means of a
copper-catalyzed regio-, stereo-, and chemoselective coupling with
allenes and bis(pinacolato)diboron. A key feature of the present transformation
is the use of a catalytic Lewis base additive which inhibits the competing
C–N bond forming reaction between the catalytically generated
boron-substituted allylcopper intermediate with the O-benzoyl hydroxylamine, thus enabling in situ transformation of the
latter into an alicyclic imine which undergoes selective C–C
bond formation with the allylcopper species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Pérez-Saavedra
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Álvaro Velasco-Rubio
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eva Rivera-Chao
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesús A Varela
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos Saá
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Martín Fañanás-Mastral
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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7
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Fu X, Yan Y, Sun H, Li S, Huang J. Natural Product-Inspired Chiral Ligand Design: Aloperine and N-Substituted Aloperines-Induced Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroarylation of Ketimines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9565-9575. [PMID: 35834751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A naturally occurring alkaloid aloperine was utilized as a chiral skeleton for the development of new ligands/catalysts in asymmetric synthesis. A number of N-substituted aloperines have been prepared, and a Pd-catalyzed asymmetric hydroarylation of ketimines using these chiral 1,3-diamine ligands was reported. A range of chiral sulfonyl amides were prepared in high yields and enantioselectivities. The stereoselectivity and structure relationships of aloperines have been studied. In addition, preliminary studies on the desymmetrization of meso-anhydride have also shown that these diamines have good potential in organocatalysis. These discoveries would provide a new future development for natural product-inspired chiral ligand design and developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegang Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Hexin Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Siying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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8
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Feng T, Wang S, Liu Y, Liu S, Qiu Y. Electrochemical Desaturative β‐Acylation of Cyclic
N
‐Aryl Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Siyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yin Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shouzhuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter College of Chemistry Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
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9
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Feng T, Wang S, Liu Y, Liu S, Qiu Y. Electrochemical Desaturative β-Acylation of Cyclic N-Aryl Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115178. [PMID: 34878215 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a straightforward, robust, and simple route to access β-substituted desaturated cyclic amines via an electrochemically driven desaturative β-functionalization of cyclic amines. This transformation is based on multiple single-electron oxidation processes using catalytic amounts of ferrocene. The reaction proceeds in the absence of stoichiometric amounts of electrolyte under mild conditions, affording the desired products with high chemo- and regioselectivity. The reaction was tolerant of a broad range of substrates and also enables late-stage β-C(sp3 )-H acylation of potentially valuable products. Preliminary mechanistic studies using cyclic voltammetry reveal the key role of ferrocene as a redox mediator in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yin Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shouzhuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
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10
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Wasa M, Yesilcimen A. Enantioselective Cooperative Catalysis within Frustrated Lewis Pair Complexes. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2021. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.79.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Wasa
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College
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11
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Hajiloo Shayegan M, Li ZY, Cui X. Ligand-Controlled Regiodivergence for Catalytic Stereoselective Semireduction of Allenamides. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103402. [PMID: 34693580 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-controlled regiodivergence has been developed for catalytic semireduction of allenamides with excellent chemo- and stereocontrol. This system also provides an example of catalytic regiodivergent semireduction of allenes for the first time. The divergence of the semireduction is enabled by ligand switch with the same palladium pre-catalyst under operationally simple and mild conditions. Monodentate ligand XPhos exclusively promotes selective 1,2-semireduction to afford allylic amides, while bidentate ligand BINAP completely switched the regioselectivity to 2,3-semireduction, producing (E)-enamide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhong-Yuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
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12
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Chen W, Seidel D. α-C-H/N-H Annulation of Alicyclic Amines via Transient Imines: Preparation of Polycyclic Lactams. Org Lett 2021; 23:3729-3734. [PMID: 33881883 PMCID: PMC8175037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic lactams are prepared in a single operation from o-toluamides and cyclic amines in a process that involves transient cyclic imines, species that are conveniently obtained in situ from the corresponding lithium amides and simple ketone oxidants. Imines thus generated, such as 1-pyrroline and 1-piperideine, engage lithiated o-toluamides in a facile annulation process. Undesired side reactions such as imine deprotonation and o-toluamide dimerization are suppressed through the judicious choice of reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Chen
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States
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13
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Zhu C, Mandrelli F, Zhou H, Maji R, List B. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Unprotected β 2-Amino Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3312-3317. [PMID: 33645969 PMCID: PMC7953379 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
![]()
We report here a
scalable, catalytic one-pot approach to enantiopure
and unmodified β2-amino acids. A newly developed
confined imidodiphosphorimidate (IDPi) catalyzes a broadly applicable
reaction of diverse bis-silyl ketene acetals with a silylated aminomethyl
ether, followed by hydrolytic workup, to give free β2-amino acids in high yields, purity, and enantioselectivity. Importantly,
both aromatic and aliphatic β2-amino acids can be
obtained using this method. Mechanistic studies are consistent with
the aminomethylation to proceed via silylium-based asymmetric counteranion-directed
catalysis (Si-ACDC) and a transition state to explain the enantioselectivity
is suggested on the basis of density functional theory calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chendan Zhu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Francesca Mandrelli
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Hui Zhou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Rajat Maji
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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14
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Kim JH, Paul A, Ghiviriga I, Seidel D. α-C-H Bond Functionalization of Unprotected Alicyclic Amines: Lewis-Acid-Promoted Addition of Enolates to Transient Imines. Org Lett 2021; 23:797-801. [PMID: 33464093 PMCID: PMC7924990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Enolizable cyclic imines, obtained in situ from their corresponding lithium amides by oxidation with simple ketone oxidants, are readily alkylated with a range of enolates to provide mono- and polycyclic β-aminoketones in a single operation, including the natural product (±)-myrtine. Nitrile anions also serve as competent nucleophiles in these transformations, which are promoted by BF3 etherate. β-Aminoesters derived from ester enolates can be converted to the corresponding β-lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Kim
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Anirudra Paul
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Center for NMR Spectroscopy, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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15
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Chang Y, Cao M, Chan JZ, Zhao C, Wang Y, Yang R, Wasa M. Enantioselective Synthesis of N-Alkylamines through β-Amino C-H Functionalization Promoted by Cooperative Actions of B(C 6F 5) 3 and a Chiral Lewis Acid Co-Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2441-2455. [PMID: 33512998 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We disclose a catalytic method for β-C(sp3)-H functionalization of N-alkylamines for the synthesis of enantiomerically enriched β-substituted amines, entities prevalent in pharmaceutical compounds and used to generate different families of chiral catalysts. We demonstrate that a catalyst system comprising of seemingly competitive Lewis acids, B(C6F5)3, and a chiral Mg- or Sc-based complex, promotes the highly enantioselective union of N-alkylamines and α,β-unsaturated compounds. An array of δ-amino carbonyl compounds was synthesized under redox-neutral conditions by enantioselective reaction of a N-alkylamine-derived enamine and an electrophile activated by the chiral Lewis acid co-catalyst. The utility of the approach is highlighted by late-stage β-C-H functionalization of bioactive amines. Investigations in regard to the mechanistic nuances of the catalytic processes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Jessica Z Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Yuankai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Rose Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Masayuki Wasa
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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16
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Paul A, Kim JH, Daniel SD, Seidel D. Diversification of Unprotected Alicyclic Amines by C-H Bond Functionalization: Decarboxylative Alkylation of Transient Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1625-1628. [PMID: 32975859 PMCID: PMC7854982 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite extensive efforts by many practitioners in the field, methods for the direct α-C-H bond functionalization of unprotected alicyclic amines remain rare. A new advance in this area utilizes N-lithiated alicyclic amines. These readily accessible intermediates are converted to transient imines through the action of a simple ketone oxidant, followed by alkylation with a β-ketoacid under mild conditions to provide valuable β-amino ketones with unprecedented ease. Regioselective α'-alkylation is achieved for substrates with existing α-substituents. The method is further applicable to the convenient one-pot synthesis of polycyclic dihydroquinolones through the incorporation of a SN Ar step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudra Paul
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Current address: College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Scott D Daniel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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17
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Wang K, Yu J, Shao Y, Tang S, Sun J. Forming All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters by Organocatalytic Aminomethylation: Concise Access to β
2,2
‐Amino Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Jianliang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Ying Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
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18
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Abstract
Amines such as 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline undergo redox-neutral annulations with ortho-(nitromethyl)benzaldehyde. Benzoic acid acts as a promoter in these reactions, which involve concurrent amine α-C-H bond and N-H bond functionalization. Subsequent removal of the nitro group provides access to tetrahydroprotoberberines not accessible via typical redox-annulations. Also reported are decarboxylative annulations of ortho-(nitromethyl)benzaldehyde with proline and pipecolic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon R L Rickertsen
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Longle Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Anirudra Paul
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Khalil A Abboud
- Center for X-ray Crystallography, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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19
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Paul A, Kim JH, Daniel SD, Seidel D. Diversification of Unprotected Alicyclic Amines by C−H Bond Functionalization: Decarboxylative Alkylation of Transient Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anirudra Paul
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
- Current address: College of Pharmacy Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Scott D. Daniel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
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20
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Wang K, Yu J, Shao Y, Tang S, Sun J. Forming All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters by Organocatalytic Aminomethylation: Concise Access to β 2,2 -Amino Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23516-23520. [PMID: 32902091 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric synthesis of β2,2 -amino acids remains a formidable challenge in organic synthesis. Here a novel organocatalytic enantioselective aminomethylation of ketenes with stable and readily available N,O-acetals is reported, providing β2,2 -amino esters bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center in high enantiomeric ratios with a catalytic amount of chiral phosphoric acid. Typically, this transformation probably proceeds through an asymmetric counter-anion-directed catalysis. As a result, a concise, practical, and atom-economic protocol toward rapidly access to β2,2 -amino acids has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Jianliang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
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21
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Baumgartner Y, Baudoin O. One-Pot Alkene Hydroboration/Palladium-Catalyzed Migratory Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Baumgartner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Baudoin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Verma P, Richter JM, Chekshin N, Qiao JX, Yu JQ. Iridium(I)-Catalyzed α-C(sp 3)-H Alkylation of Saturated Azacycles. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5117-5125. [PMID: 32098471 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Saturated azacycles are commonly encountered in bioactive compounds and approved therapeutic agents. The development of methods for functionalization of the α-methylene C-H bonds of these highly privileged building blocks is of great importance, especially in drug discovery. While much effort has been dedicated toward this goal by using a directed C-H activation approach, the development of directing groups that are both general as well as practical remains a significant challenge. Herein, the design and development of novel amidoxime directing groups is described for Ir(I)-catalyzed α-C(sp3)-H alkylation of saturated azacycles using readily available olefins as coupling partners. This protocol extends the scope of saturated azacycles to piperidines, azepane, and tetrahydroisoquinoline that are incompatible with our previously reported directing group. A variety of olefin coupling partners, including previously unreactive disubstituted terminal olefins and internal olefins, are compatible with this transformation. The selectivity for a branched α-C(sp3)-alkylation product is also observed for the first time when acrylate is used as the reaction partner. The development of practical, one-step installation and removal protocols further adds to the utility of amidoxime directing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Verma
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jeremy M Richter
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Hopewell, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Nikita Chekshin
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jennifer X Qiao
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, PO Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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23
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Nguyen QH, Guo SM, Royal T, Baudoin O, Cramer N. Intermolecular Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Atropo-enantioselective C–H Arylation of Heteroarenes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2161-2167. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qui-Hien Nguyen
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shu-Min Guo
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Titouan Royal
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Baudoin
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolai Cramer
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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24
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Noda H, Shibasaki M. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of β
2
‐ and β
2,2
‐Amino Acids. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Noda
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3–14–23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo 141–0021 Tokyo Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3–14–23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo 141–0021 Tokyo Japan
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25
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Planas O, Cornella J. Facile access to chiral non-natural amino acids. Nat Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0367-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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