1
|
Bouges E, Segers C, Leys N, Lebeer S, Zhang J, Mastroleo F. Human Intestinal Organoids and Microphysiological Systems for Modeling Radiotoxicity and Assessing Radioprotective Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5859. [PMID: 38136404 PMCID: PMC10741417 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a commonly employed treatment for colorectal cancer, yet its radiotoxicity-related impact on healthy tissues raises significant health concerns. This highlights the need to use radioprotective agents to mitigate these side effects. This review presents the current landscape of human translational radiobiology, outlining the limitations of existing models and proposing engineering solutions. We delve into radiotherapy principles, encompassing mechanisms of radiation-induced cell death and its influence on normal and cancerous colorectal cells. Furthermore, we explore the engineering aspects of microphysiological systems to represent radiotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity and how to include the gut microbiota to study its role in treatment failure and success. This review ultimately highlights the main challenges and future pathways in translational research for pelvic radiotherapy-induced toxicity. This is achieved by developing a humanized in vitro model that mimics radiotherapy treatment conditions. An in vitro model should provide in-depth analyses of host-gut microbiota interactions and a deeper understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms of radioprotective food supplements. Additionally, it would be of great value if these models could produce high-throughput data using patient-derived samples to address the lack of human representability to complete clinical trials and improve patients' quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eloïse Bouges
- RadioPharma Research, Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.B.); (C.S.); (N.L.)
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Charlotte Segers
- RadioPharma Research, Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.B.); (C.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Natalie Leys
- RadioPharma Research, Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.B.); (C.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Felice Mastroleo
- RadioPharma Research, Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.B.); (C.S.); (N.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Van Dingenen L, Segers C, Wouters S, Mysara M, Leys N, Kumar-Singh S, Malhotra-Kumar S, Van Houdt R. Dissecting the role of the gut microbiome and fecal microbiota transplantation in radio- and immunotherapy treatment of colorectal cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1298264. [PMID: 38035338 PMCID: PMC10687483 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1298264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and poses a major burden on the human health worldwide. At the moment, treatment of CRC consists of surgery in combination with (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. More recently, immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) have also been approved for CRC treatment. In addition, recent studies have shown that radiotherapy and ICBs act synergistically, with radiotherapy stimulating the immune system that is activated by ICBs. However, both treatments are also associated with severe toxicity and efficacy issues, which can lead to temporary or permanent discontinuation of these treatment programs. There's growing evidence pointing to the gut microbiome playing a role in these issues. Some microorganisms seem to contribute to radiotherapy-associated toxicity and hinder ICB efficacy, while others seem to reduce radiotherapy-associated toxicity or enhance ICB efficacy. Consequently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been applied to reduce radio- and immunotherapy-related toxicity and enhance their efficacies. Here, we have reviewed the currently available preclinical and clinical data in CRC treatment, with a focus on how the gut microbiome influences radio- and immunotherapy toxicity and efficacy and if these treatments could benefit from FMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Van Dingenen
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Segers
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Shari Wouters
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Molecular Pathology Group, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Bioinformatics Group, Center for Informatics Science, School of Information Technology and Computer Science, Nile University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Natalie Leys
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Samir Kumar-Singh
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Molecular Pathology Group, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rob Van Houdt
- Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Obrador E, Montoro A. Ionizing Radiation, Antioxidant Response and Oxidative Damage: Radiomodulators. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1219. [PMID: 37371949 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) is the energy released by atoms in the form of electromagnetic waves (e [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Obrador
- Elena Obrador Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alegría Montoro
- Alegría Montoro, Radiation Protection Service, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46021 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Limnospira indica PCC 8005 or Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Dietary Supplementation Modulate the Gut Microbiome in Mice. Appl Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol2030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While dietary supplements can have beneficial effects on the health of the intestine, these effects can come with unresolved issues in terms of therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of action. In this study, the model probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 and the anciently used dietary supplement Limnospira indica strain PCC 8005 were compared for their effects on murine intestinal ecology. Healthy male mice received either saline or suspensions of living cells of L. indica PCC 8005 or L. rhamnosus GG daily along a two-week intervention period, followed by a two-week washout period. Both bacteria-based solutions appeared able to transiently shift the microbial community, which were characterized by a higher relative abundance of members of the butyrate producing Lachnospiraceae and Porphyromonadaceae families.
Collapse
|
5
|
The Protective Effects of Sour Orange ( Citrus aurantium L.) Polymethoxyflavones on Mice Irradiation-Induced Intestinal Injury. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27061934. [PMID: 35335298 PMCID: PMC8948989 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) is one of the biological sources of polymethoxyflavones (PMFs), which are often used to deal with gastrointestinal diseases. The intestine is highly sensitive to irradiation damage. However, limited certain cures have been released for irradiation-induced gastrointestinal injury, and the potentials of sour orange PMFs as radio-resistance agents have not been fully discussed yet. The present study aims to (1) investigate the PMF components in 12 sour orange cultivars, (2) determine the protective effects of PMFs on irradiation-induced intestinal injury by treating mice that received 12 Gy abdominal irradiation with different doses of PMFs and observing the changes in organ indexes and pathological sections and (3) test cytotoxicity of PMFs by CCK-8 method. The results showed that sour orange PMFs appeared to have high intraspecies similarity. Besides, PMFs protected mice from irradiation-induced injury by alleviating body weight loss, reliving organ index changing and maintaining the intestinal structure. Finally, IC50 concentrations to cell line CCD 841 CoN of PMFs and nobiletin were calculated as 42.23 μg/mL and 51.58 μg/mL, respectively. Our study uncovered PMF contents in 12 sour orange materials and determined the protective effects on irradiation-induced intestinal injuries, providing guidance for the utilization of sour orange resources.
Collapse
|
6
|
Pinto CM, Horta LS, Soares AP, Carvalho BA, Ferreira E, Lages EB, Ferreira LAM, Faraco AAG, Santiago HC, Goulart GAC. Nanoencapsulated Doxorubicin Prevents Mucositis Development in Mice. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1021. [PMID: 34371713 PMCID: PMC8329927 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapy drug successfully used in the therapy of various types of cancer, is currently associated with the mucositis development, an inflammation that can cause ulcerative lesions in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, abdominal pain and secondary infections. To increase the safety of the chemotherapy, we loaded DOX into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). The NLC-DOX was characterized by HPLC, DLS, NTA, Zeta potential, FTIR, DSC, TEM and cryogenic-TEM. The ability of NLC-DOX to control the DOX release was evaluated through in vitro release studies. Moreover, the effect of NLC-DOX on intestinal mucosa was compared to a free DOX solution in C57BL/6 mice. The NLC-DOX showed spherical shape, high drug encapsulation efficiency (84.8 ± 4.6%), high drug loading (55.2 ± 3.4 mg/g) and low average diameter (66.0-78.8 nm). The DSC and FTIR analyses showed high interaction between the NLC components, resulting in controlled drug release. Treatment with NLC-DOX attenuated DOX-induced mucositis in mice, improving shortening on villus height and crypt depth, decreased inflammatory parameters, preserved intestinal permeability and increased expression of tight junctions (ZO-1 and Ocludin). These results indicated that encapsulation of DOX in NLCs is viable and reduces the drug toxicity to mucosal structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane M. Pinto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (C.M.P.); (A.P.S.); (E.B.L.); (L.A.M.F.); (A.A.G.F.)
| | - Laila S. Horta
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (L.S.H.); (H.C.S.)
| | - Amanda P. Soares
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (C.M.P.); (A.P.S.); (E.B.L.); (L.A.M.F.); (A.A.G.F.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (L.S.H.); (H.C.S.)
| | - Bárbara A. Carvalho
- Department of General Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (B.A.C.); (E.F.)
| | - Enio Ferreira
- Department of General Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (B.A.C.); (E.F.)
| | - Eduardo B. Lages
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (C.M.P.); (A.P.S.); (E.B.L.); (L.A.M.F.); (A.A.G.F.)
| | - Lucas A. M. Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (C.M.P.); (A.P.S.); (E.B.L.); (L.A.M.F.); (A.A.G.F.)
| | - André A. G. Faraco
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (C.M.P.); (A.P.S.); (E.B.L.); (L.A.M.F.); (A.A.G.F.)
| | - Helton C. Santiago
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (L.S.H.); (H.C.S.)
| | - Gisele A. C. Goulart
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (C.M.P.); (A.P.S.); (E.B.L.); (L.A.M.F.); (A.A.G.F.)
| |
Collapse
|