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Verdecchia P, Sleight P, Mancia G, Fagard R, Trimarco B, Schmieder RE, Kim JH, Jennings G, Jansky P, Chen JH, Liu L, Gao P, Probstfield J, Teo K, Yusuf S. Effects of Telmisartan, Ramipril, and Their Combination on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Individuals at High Vascular Risk in the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination With Ramipril Global End Point Trial and the Telmisartan Randomized Assessment Study in ACE Intolerant Subjects With Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation 2009; 120:1380-9. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.109.865774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers reduce left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The effect of these drugs on LVH in high-risk patients without heart failure is unknown.
Methods and Results—
In the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination With Ramipril Global End Point Trial (ONTARGET), patients at high vascular risk and tolerant of ACE inhibitors were randomly assigned to ramipril, telmisartan, or their combination (n=23 165). In the Telmisartan Randomized Assessment Study in ACE Intolerant Subjects With Cardiovascular Disease (TRANSCEND), patients intolerant of ACE inhibitors were randomized to telmisartan or placebo (n=5343). Prevalence of LVH at entry in TRANSCEND was 12.7%. It was reduced by telmisartan (10.5% and 9.9% after 2 and 5 years) compared with placebo (12.7% and 12.8% after 2 and 5 years) (overall odds ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68 to 0.91;
P
=0.0017). New-onset LVH occurred less frequently with telmisartan compared with placebo (overall odds ratio, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.79;
P
=0.0001). LVH regression was similar in the 2 groups. In ONTARGET, prevalence of LVH at entry was 12.4%. At follow-up, it occurred slightly less frequently with telmisartan (odds ratio, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.01;
P
=0.07) and the combination (odds ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.02;
P
=0.12) than with ramipril, but differences between the groups were not significant. New-onset LVH was associated with a higher risk of primary outcome during follow-up (hazard ratio, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.50 to 2.07).
Conclusions—
In patients at high vascular risk, telmisartan is more effective than placebo in reducing LVH. New-onset LVH is reduced by 37%. The effect of combination of the 2 drugs on LVH is similar to that of ramipril alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Verdecchia
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Peter Sleight
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Giuseppe Mancia
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Robert Fagard
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Roland E. Schmieder
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Jae-Hyung Kim
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Garry Jennings
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Petr Jansky
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Jyh-Hong Chen
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Lisheng Liu
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Peggy Gao
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Jeffrey Probstfield
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Koon Teo
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
| | - Salim Yusuf
- From the Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Clinical Research Unit Preventive Cardiology, Perugia, Italy (P.V.); Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (P.V., P.G., K.T., S.Y.); Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy (G.M.); Hypertension Unit, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (R.F.); Department of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences,
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