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Tumor-associated myeloid cells provide critical support for T-ALL. Blood 2021; 136:1837-1850. [PMID: 32845007 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020007145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite harboring mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressors that promote cancer growth, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells require exogenous cells or signals to survive in culture. We previously reported that myeloid cells, particularly dendritic cells, from the thymic tumor microenvironment support the survival and proliferation of primary mouse T-ALL cells in vitro. Thus, we hypothesized that tumor-associated myeloid cells would support T-ALL in vivo. Consistent with this possibility, in vivo depletion of myeloid cells results in a significant reduction in leukemia burden in multiple organs in 2 distinct mouse models of T-ALL and prolongs survival. The impact of the myeloid compartment on T-ALL growth is not dependent on suppression of antitumor T-cell responses. Instead, myeloid cells provide signals that directly support T-ALL cells. Transcriptional profiling, functional assays, and acute in vivo myeloid-depletion experiments identify activation of IGF1R as a critical component of myeloid-mediated T-ALL growth and survival. We identify several myeloid subsets that have the capacity to directly support survival of T-ALL cells. Consistent with mouse models, myeloid cells derived from human peripheral blood monocytes activate IGF1R and directly support survival of primary patient T-ALL cells in vitro. Furthermore, enriched macrophage gene signatures in published clinical samples correlate with inferior outcomes for pediatric T-ALL patients. Collectively, these data reveal that tumor-associated myeloid cells provide signals critical for T-ALL growth in multiple organs in vivo and implicate tumor-associated myeloid cells and associated signals as potential therapeutic targets.
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Xia T, Zhang J, Zhou C, Li Y, Duan W, Zhang B, Wang M, Fang J. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 displays efficacy against T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway. J Ginseng Res 2019; 44:725-737. [PMID: 32913402 PMCID: PMC7471214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a kind of aggressive hematological cancer, and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is activated in most patients with T-ALL and responsible for poor prognosis. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (20(S)-GRh2) is a major active compound extracted from ginseng, which exhibits anti-cancer effects. However, the underlying anticancer mechanisms of 20(S)-GRh2 targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in T-ALL have not been explored. Methods Cell growth and cell cycle were determined to investigate the effect of 20(S)-GRh2 on ALL cells. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway–related proteins were detected in 20(S)-GRh2–treated Jurkat cells by immunoblotting. Antitumor effect of 20(S)-GRh2 against T-ALL was investigated in xenograft mice. The mechanisms of 20(S)-GRh2 against T-ALL were examined by cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Results In the present study, the results showed that 20(S)-GRh2 decreased cell growth and arrested cell cycle at the G1 phase in ALL cells. 20(S)-GRh2 induced apoptosis through enhancing reactive oxygen species generation and upregulating apoptosis-related proteins. 20(S)-GRh2 significantly elevated the levels of pEGFP-LC3 and autophagy-related proteins in Jurkat cells. Furthermore, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was effectively blocked by 20(S)-GRh2. 20(S)-GRh2 suppressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis and autophagy by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in Jurkat cells. Finally, 20(S)-GRh2 alleviated symptoms of leukemia and reduced the number of white blood cells and CD3 staining in the spleen of xenograft mice, indicating antitumor effects against T-ALL invivo. Conclusion These findings indicate that 20(S)-GRh2 exhibits beneficial effects against T-ALL through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and could be a natural product of novel target for T-ALL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Chuanxin Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Sun Yat sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenhui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianpei Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, China.,Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, China
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Bianco JER, Rosa RG, Congrains-Castillo A, Joazeiro PP, Waldman SD, Weber JF, Saad STO. Characterization of a novel decellularized bone marrow scaffold as an inductive environment for hematopoietic stem cells. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:1516-1528. [PMID: 30681075 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01503a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increasing demand for a bone marrow study model, we developed a natural scaffold from decellularized bovine bone marrow (DeBM). The obtained bioscaffold was analyzed after the decellularization process; histological staining, scanning and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the preservation of its native 3D-architecture; including blood vessels and cell niches as well as the integrity of important components of the extracellular matrix; Collagen III, IV and fibronectin. In addition to biochemical composition, physical properties of the bone marrow were also conserved. We evaluated the suitability of this bio-scaffold as a tridimensional culture platform. Seeding experiments with umbilical cord-derived hematopoietic stem cells and human bone marrow stromal cell line HS5 demonstrated that this scaffold is capable of supporting hematopoietic and stromal cell adhesion and proliferation without the need of exogenous factors. DeBM provided an inductive environment for the repopulation of the bone marrow inducing the expression of SDF-1, HGF and SCF by seeded stromal cells. The presence of these potent hematopoietic chemoattractants would be crucial for ex vivo long-term culture of HSCs, and for recreating the natural microenvironment of the bone marrow for bioengineering applications. We conclude that the decellularization process succeeded in preserving the 3D structure and mechanical properties of the bone marrow. The resulting scaffold is suitable for cell culture, representing an advantageous bone marrow experimental model, and potentially an effective platform for CD34+ HSC expansion and differentiation for clinical applications.
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Valle-Reyes S, Valencia-Cruz G, Liñan-Rico L, Pottosin I, Dobrovinskaya O. Differential Activity of Voltage- and Ca 2+-Dependent Potassium Channels in Leukemic T Cell Lines: Jurkat Cells Represent an Exceptional Case. Front Physiol 2018; 9:499. [PMID: 29867547 PMCID: PMC5954129 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of resting T cells relies on sustained Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane, which in turn depends on the functional expression of potassium channels, whose activity repolarizes the membrane potential. Depending on the T-cells subset, upon activation the expression of Ca2+- or voltage-activated K+ channels, KCa or Kv, is up-regulated. In this study, by means of patch-clamp technique in the whole cell mode, we have studied in detail the characteristics of Kv and KCa currents in resting and activated human T cells, the only well explored human T-leukemic cell line Jurkat, and two additional human leukemic T cell lines, CEM and MOLT-3. Voltage dependence of activation and inactivation of Kv1.3 current were shifted up to by 15 mV to more negative potentials upon a prolonged incubation in the whole cell mode and displayed little difference at a stable state in all cell lines but CEM, where the activation curve was biphasic, with a high and low potential components. In Jurkat, KCa currents were dominated by apamine-sensitive KCa2.2 channels, whereas only KCa3.1 current was detected in healthy T and leukemic CEM and MOLT-3 cells. Despite a high proliferation potential of Jurkat cells, Kv and KCa currents were unexpectedly small, more than 10-fold lesser as compared to activated healthy human T cells, CEM and MOLT-3, which displayed characteristic Kv1.3high:KCa3.1high phenotype. Our results suggest that Jurkat cells represent perhaps a singular case and call for more extensive studies on primary leukemic T cell lines as well as a verification of the therapeutic potential of specific KCa3.1 blockers to combat acute lymphoblastic T leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Valle-Reyes
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Georgina Valencia-Cruz
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Liliana Liñan-Rico
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Igor Pottosin
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Oxana Dobrovinskaya
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
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Chiarini F, Lonetti A, Evangelisti C, Buontempo F, Orsini E, Evangelisti C, Cappellini A, Neri LM, McCubrey JA, Martelli AM. Advances in understanding the acute lymphoblastic leukemia bone marrow microenvironment: From biology to therapeutic targeting. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:449-463. [PMID: 26334291 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment regulates the properties of healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) localized in specific niches. Two distinct microenvironmental niches have been identified in the BM, the "osteoblastic (endosteal)" and "vascular" niches. Nevertheless, these niches provide sanctuaries where subsets of leukemic cells escape chemotherapy-induced death and acquire a drug-resistant phenotype. Moreover, it is emerging that leukemia cells are able to remodel the BM niches into malignant niches which better support neoplastic cell survival and proliferation. This review focuses on the cellular and molecular biology of microenvironment/leukemia interactions in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of both B- and T-cell lineage. We shall also highlight the emerging role of exosomes/microvesicles as efficient messengers for cell-to-cell communication in leukemia settings. Studies on the interactions between the BM microenvironment and ALL cells have led to the discovery of potential therapeutic targets which include cytokines/chemokines and their receptors, adhesion molecules, signal transduction pathways, and hypoxia-related proteins. The complex interplays between leukemic cells and BM microenvironment components provide a rationale for innovative, molecularly targeted therapies, designed to improve ALL patient outcome. A better understanding of the contribution of the BM microenvironment to the process of leukemogenesis and leukemia persistence after initial remission, may provide new targets that will allow destruction of leukemia cells without adversely affecting healthy HSCs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Tumor Microenvironment Regulation of Cancer Cell Survival, Metastasis,Inflammation, and Immune Surveillance edited by Peter Ruvolo and Gregg L. Semenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Chiarini
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Lonetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Buontempo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ester Orsini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cecilia Evangelisti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cappellini
- Department of Human Social and Health Sciences, University of Cassino, Cassino, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Naci D, Aoudjit F. Alpha2beta1 integrin promotes T cell survival and migration through the concomitant activation of ERK/Mcl-1 and p38 MAPK pathways. Cell Signal 2014; 26:2008-15. [PMID: 24880062 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Integrin-mediated attachment to extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial for cancer progression. Malignant T cells such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) express β1 integrins, which mediate their interactions with ECM. However, the role of these interactions in T-ALL malignancy is still poorly explored. In the present study, we investigated the effect of collagen; an abundant ECM, on T-ALL survival and migration. We found that collagen through α2β1 integrin promotes the survival of T-ALL cell lines in the absence of growth factors. T-ALL cell survival by collagen is associated with reduced caspase activation and maintenance of Mcl-1 levels. Collagen activated both ERK and p38 MAPKs but only MAPK/ERK was required for collagen-induced T-ALL survival. However, we found that α2β1 integrin promoted T-ALL migration via both ERK and p38. Together these data indicate that α2β1 integrin signaling can represent an important signaling pathway in T-ALL pathogenesis and suggest that its blockade could be beneficial in T-ALL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Naci
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe des maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Département de Microbiologie-Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Fawzi Aoudjit
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe des maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Département de Microbiologie-Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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Gachet S, Genescà E, Passaro D, Irigoyen M, Alcalde H, Clémenson C, Poglio S, Pflumio F, Janin A, Lasgi C, Dodier S, Soyer M, Duménil G, Ghysdael J. Leukemia-initiating cell activity requires calcineurin in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2013; 27:2289-300. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Savaşan S, Buck S, Ozdemir O, Hamre M, Asselin B, Pullen J, Ravindranath Y. Evaluation of cytotoxicity by flow cytometric drug sensitivity assay in childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 46:833-40. [PMID: 16019527 DOI: 10.1080/10428190500079951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Risk-based treatment strategies have improved outcome in childhood B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and in vitro drug sensitivity assessment using methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) assay has been shown to be an independent prognostic marker. To date, such strategies in childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) have proved elusive, and in vitro drug sensitivity testing has had limited success in T-ALL due to poor T-cell lymphoblast survival in vitro. We have developed the flow cytometric drug sensitivity assay (FCDSA) to evaluate in vitro drug sensitivity. We studied 68 cases of childhood T-ALL for cytarabine (Ara-C) and daunorubicin sensitivity by FCDSA and compared the results with those obtained by MTT assay. Spontaneous apoptosis was correlated with cytotoxicity rates for both drugs by FCDSA, but not with the results obtained by MTT assay. Daunorubicin sensitivity had a positive correlation with Ara-C in individual cases by FCDSA; but not by MTT assay. Studies repeated on stored samples had comparable results for both drugs by FCDSA (P<0.01), but not for Ara-C by MTT assay. Comparison of T-ALL sensitivity with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases revealed a unique pattern difference. Median cytotoxicity (expressed in arbitrary units) for Ara-C was 8 (0-47) and 27 (0-81), and daunorubicine cytotoxicity for T-ALL and AML samples was 79 (5-100) and 34 (0-98), respectively. Although age or white blood cell count at diagnosis was not associated with any particular drug response pattern, CD13 expression on T-lymphoblasts was associated with in vitro resistance. FCDSA is a reliable, practical and reproducible method that can be integrated into studies of drug-target cell interactions in T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süreyya Savaşan
- Children's Hospital of Michigan, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Guo D, Ye J, Li L, Dai J, Ma D, Ji C. Down-regulation of Notch-1 increases co-cultured Jurkat cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 50:270-8. [DOI: 10.1080/10428190802553257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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