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Roser CJ, Hilgenfeld T, Saleem MA, Rückschloß T, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Lux CJ, Juerchott A. In vivo assessment of artefacts in MRI images caused by conventional twistflex and various fixed orthodontic CAD/CAM retainers. J Orofac Orthop 2024; 85:279-288. [PMID: 36700953 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-022-00445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) artefacts caused by different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) retainers in comparison with conventional hand bent stainless steel twistflex retainers in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS MRI scans (3 Tesla) were performed on a male volunteer with different CAD/CAM retainers (cobalt-chromium, CoCr; nickel-titanium, NiTi; grade 5 titanium, Ti5) and twistflex retainers inserted. A total of 126 landmarks inside and outside the retainer area (RA; from canine to canine) were evaluated by two blinded radiologists using an established five-point visibility scoring (1: excellent, 2: good, 3: moderate, 4: poor, 5: not visible). Friedman and two-tailed Wilcoxon tests were used for statistical analysis (significance level: p < 0.05). RESULTS Twistflex retainers had the strongest impact on the visibility of all landmarks inside (4.0 ± 1.5) and outside the RA (1.7 ± 1.2). In contrast, artefacts caused by CAD/CAM retainers were limited to the dental area inside the RA (CoCr: 2.2 ± 1.2) or did not impair MRI-based diagnostics in a clinically relevant way (NiTi: 1.0 ± 0.1; Ti5: 1.4 ± 0.6). CONCLUSION The present study on a single test person demonstrates that conventional stainless steel twistflex retainers can severely impair the diagnostic value in head/neck and dental MRI. By contrast, CoCr CAD/CAM retainers can cause artefacts which only slightly impair dental MRI but not head/neck MRI, whereas NiTi and Ti5 CAD/CAM might be fully compatible with both head/neck and dental MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph J Roser
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tim Hilgenfeld
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Muhammad Abdullah Saleem
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Rückschloß
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Heiland
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher J Lux
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Juerchott
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Szopinski KT. Periodontitis: a new territory for MRI. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:3113-3114. [PMID: 38063865 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10466-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazimierz T Szopinski
- Department of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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3
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Ugolini A, Abate A, Donelli M, Gaffuri F, Bruni A, Maspero C, Lanteri V. Spontaneous Mandibular Dentoalveolar Changes after Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME), Slow Maxillary Expansion (SME), and Leaf Expander-A Systematic Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:501. [PMID: 38671718 PMCID: PMC11049362 DOI: 10.3390/children11040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review aims to analyze the spontaneous dentoalveolar changes in the mandibular arch after maxillary expansion in growing patients obtained with different expansion protocols: Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME), Slow Maxillary Expansion (SME), and Leaf Expander. METHODS The study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligibility criteria were established in the PICO format, involving patients who underwent slow, rapid, or leaf maxillary expansion during the mixed or early permanent dentitions. A comprehensive search of electronic databases and manual searches was conducted up to December 2023. The outcome measures included inter-mandibular first permanent molar width, inter-deciduous molar and canine width, arch perimeter, and arch length; both short- and long-term results were considered. The articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in this systematic review and were qualitatively evaluated using a methodological quality scoring system with a 13-point scale. To assess the inter-examiner agreement concerning the article selection and the qualitative assessment of the included studies, Kappa statistics were computed. RESULTS A total of 1184 articles were identified through electronic and manual searches. After the removal of duplicates and the initial examination of the titles and abstracts, 57 articles were considered for the full text analysis, and according to the eligibility and exclusion criteria, 22 studies were finally selected, composed of 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 14 retrospective/case-control studies. The qualitative assessment of the included studies showed the following scores: 6 papers have high research quality, 5 have moderate quality, and 11 have low quality. SME demonstrated negligible mandibular changes, with less than 1 mm variation on average (range 0.46-2.00 mm) in the selected parameters and relapses observed in the long term. RME induced more significant increases, particularly in intermolar width greater than 1 mm, which ranged between 0.93 and 3.3 mm, and good stability over the long term. Leaf Expander exhibited promising short-term lower intermolar width increases greater than 1 mm and ranged from 0.5 to 1.69 mm, but long-term stability was not thoroughly evaluated. CONCLUSIONS SME results in negligible short- and long-term effects, while RME, especially with Haas-type appliances, exhibits significant intermolar width increases that remain stable over the years. Leaf Expander shows short-term lower intermolar width increases, requiring further investigation into long-term stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ugolini
- Department of Sciences Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic, University of Genova, 16145 Genova, Italy;
| | - Andrea Abate
- Department of Sciences Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic, University of Genova, 16145 Genova, Italy;
| | - Margherita Donelli
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (M.D.); (F.G.); (C.M.)
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Gaffuri
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (M.D.); (F.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Alessandro Bruni
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.B.); (V.L.)
| | - Cinzia Maspero
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy; (M.D.); (F.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Valentina Lanteri
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.B.); (V.L.)
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Huang H, Yan Y, Jiang D, Zhao X, Cao D, She D. Is 3T MR nerve-bone fusion imaging a viable alternative to MRI-CBCT to identify the relationship between the inferior alveolar nerve and mandibular third molar. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:256. [PMID: 38630324 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05649-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the feasibility of MRI nerve-bone fusion imaging in assessing the relationship between inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) / mandibular canal (MC) and mandibular third molar (MTM) compared with MRI-CBCT fusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MRI nerve-bone fusion and MRI-CBCT fusion imaging were performed in 20 subjects with 37 MTMs. The Hausdorff distance (HD) value and dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was calculated. The relationship between IAN/MC and MTM roots, inflammatory, and fusion patterns were compared between these two fused images. The reliability was assessed using a weighted κ statistic. RESULTS The mean HD and DSC ranged from 0.62 ~ 1.35 and 0.83 ~ 0.88 for MRI nerve-bone fusion, 0.98 ~ 1.50 and 0.76 ~ 0.83 for MRI-CBCT fusion. MR nerve-bone fusion had considerable reproducibility compared to MRI-CBCT fusion in relation classification (MR nerve-bone fusion κ = 0.694, MRI-CBCT fusion κ = 0.644), direct contact (MR nerve-bone fusion κ = 0.729, MRI-CBCT fusion κ = 0.720), and moderate to good agreement for inflammation detection (MR nerve-bone fusion κ = 0.603, MRI-CBCT fusion κ = 0.532, average). The MR nerve-bone fusion imaging showed a lower ratio of larger pattern compared to MR-CBCT fusion (16.2% VS 27.3% in the molar region, and 2.7% VS 5.4% in the retromolar region). And the average time spent on MR nerve-bone fusion and MRI-CBCT fusion was 1 min and 3 min, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Both MR nerve-bone fusion and MRI-CBCT fusion exhibited good consistency in evaluating the spatial relationship between IAN/MC and MTM, fusion effect, and inflammation detection. CLINICAL RELEVANCE MR nerve-bone fusion imaging can be a preoperative one-stop radiation-free examination for patients at high risk for MTM surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha-Zhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalan Yan
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha-Zhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha-Zhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiance Zhao
- Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, 200000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dairong Cao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha-Zhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Radiology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dejun She
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha-Zhong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Radiology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350005, People's Republic of China.
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Al-Haj Husain A, Zollinger M, Stadlinger B, Özcan M, Winklhofer S, Al-Haj Husain N, Schönegg D, Piccirelli M, Valdec S. Magnetic resonance imaging in dental implant surgery: a systematic review. Int J Implant Dent 2024; 10:14. [PMID: 38507139 PMCID: PMC10954599 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-024-00532-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To comprehensively assess the existing literature regarding the rapidly evolving in vivo application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for potential applications, benefits, and challenges in dental implant surgery. METHODS Electronic and manual searches were conducted in PubMed MEDLINE, EMBASE, Biosis, and Cochrane databases by two reviewers following the PICOS search strategy. This involved using medical subject headings (MeSH) terms, keywords, and their combinations. RESULTS Sixteen studies were included in this systematic review. Of the 16, nine studies focused on preoperative planning and follow-up phases, four evaluated image-guided implant surgery, while three examined artifact reduction techniques. The current literature highlights several MRI protocols that have recently investigated and evaluated the in vivo feasibility and accuracy, focusing on its potential to provide surgically relevant quantitative and qualitative parameters in the assessment of osseointegration, peri-implant soft tissues, surrounding anatomical structures, reduction of artifacts caused by dental implants, and geometric accuracy relevant to implant placement. Black Bone and MSVAT-SPACE MRI, acquired within a short time, demonstrate improved hard and soft tissue resolution and offer high sensitivity in detecting pathological changes, making them a valuable alternative in targeted cases where CBCT is insufficient. Given the data heterogeneity, a meta-analysis was not possible. CONCLUSIONS The results of this systematic review highlight the potential of dental MRI, within its indications and limitations, to provide perioperative surgically relevant parameters for accurate placement of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adib Al-Haj Husain
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marina Zollinger
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Stadlinger
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic of Chewing Function Disturbances and Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Nadin Al-Haj Husain
- Clinic of Chewing Function Disturbances and Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Departement of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daphne Schönegg
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marco Piccirelli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Valdec
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
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6
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Zhu H, Lang ML, Yang Y, Martin M, Zhang G, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Yan X. Detunable wireless Litzcage coil for human head MRI at 1.5 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 37:e5068. [PMID: 37964107 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Inductively coupled radiofrequency (RF) coils are an inexpensive and simple method to realize wireless RF coils in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which can significantly ease the MRI scan setup and improve patient comfort because they do not require bulky components such as cables, baluns, preamplifiers, and connectors. However, volume-type wireless coils are typically operated in transmit/receive mode because detuning such coils is much more challenging due to their complex structure and multiple resonant modes. Meanwhile, adding too many detuning circuits to a wireless coil would decrease the coil's quality factor, impair the signal-to-noise ratio, and increase the cost. In this work, we proposed, constructed, and tested a novel wireless volume coil based on the Litzcage design for 1.5-T head imaging. Being an inductively coupled coil, it has a much simpler structure, resulting in a lighter weight and less bulky design. Despite its simpler structure, it exhibits comparable imaging performance with a commercial receive array, providing an alternative to conventional wired coils with a high cost and complex structure. The unique figure-of-8 conductor pattern within the rungs ensures that the proposed wireless Litzcage can be efficiently detuned with minimal detuning circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqin Zhu
- Sino Canada Health Institute Inc., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Michael L Lang
- Sino Canada Health Institute Inc., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Physics, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yijin Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Melanie Martin
- Department of Physics, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Conveying Technology and Device, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Sino Canada Health Engineering Research Institute (Hefei) Ltd., Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xinqiang Yan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Greiser A, Christensen J, Fuglsig JMCS, Johannsen KM, Nixdorf DR, Burzan K, Lauer L, Krueger G, Hayes C, Kettless K, Ulrici J, Spin-Neto R. Dental-dedicated MRI, a novel approach for dentomaxillofacial diagnostic imaging: technical specifications and feasibility. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2024; 53:74-85. [PMID: 38214941 PMCID: PMC11003656 DOI: 10.1093/dmfr/twad004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
MRI is a noninvasive, ionizing radiation-free imaging modality that has become an indispensable medical diagnostic method. The literature suggests MRI as a potential diagnostic modality in dentomaxillofacial radiology. However, current MRI equipment is designed for medical imaging (eg, brain and body imaging), with general-purpose use in radiology. Hence, it appears expensive for dentists to purchase and maintain, besides being complex to operate. In recent years, MRI has entered some areas of dentistry and has reached a point in which it can be provided following a tailored approach. This technical report introduces a dental-dedicated MRI (ddMRI) system, describing how MRI can be adapted to fit dentomaxillofacial radiology through the appropriate choice of field strength, dental radiofrequency surface coil, and pulse sequences. Also, this technical report illustrates the possible application and feasibility of the suggested ddMRI system in some relevant diagnostic tasks in dentistry. Based on the presented cases, it is fair to consider the suggested ddMRI system as a feasible approach to introducing MRI to dentists and dentomaxillofacial radiology specialists. Further studies are needed to clarify the diagnostic accuracy of ddMRI considering the various diagnostic tasks relevant to the practice of dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Christensen
- Section for Oral Radiology and Endodontics, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - João M C S Fuglsig
- Section for Oral Radiology and Endodontics, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Katrine M Johannsen
- Section for Oral Radiology and Endodontics, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Donald R Nixdorf
- Division of TMD & Orofacial Pain, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, MN, 55455, United States
- Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Kim Burzan
- Sirona Dental Systems GmbH, Bensheim, 64625, Germany
| | - Lars Lauer
- Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, 91052, Germany
| | | | - Carmel Hayes
- Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, 91052, Germany
| | | | | | - Rubens Spin-Neto
- Section for Oral Radiology and Endodontics, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
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8
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Al-Haj Husain A, Oechslin DA, Stadlinger B, Winklhofer S, Özcan M, Schönegg D, Al-Haj Husain N, Sommer S, Piccirelli M, Valdec S. Preoperative imaging in third molar surgery - A prospective comparison of X-ray-based and radiation-free magnetic resonance orthopantomography. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2024; 52:117-126. [PMID: 37891089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare preoperative data relevant to third molar surgery based on radiographic orthopantomography (OPG) and orthopantomogram-like MR images (MR-OPG), using five different MR protocols. X-ray-based OPG and OPG-like MRI reconstructions from DESS, SPACE-STIR, SPACE-SPAIR, T1-VIBE-Dixon, and UTE sequences were acquired in 11 patients undergoing third molar surgery, using a 15-channel mandibular coil. Qualitative (image quality, susceptibility to artifacts, positional relationship, contact/non-contact of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), relationship to maxillary sinus, IAN continuity, root morphology) and quantitative (tooth length, retromolar distance, distance to the IAN, and distance to the mandible margin) parameters of the maxillary and mandibular third molars were assessed regarding inter-reader agreement and quantitative discrepancies by three calibrated readers. Radiation-free MR-OPGs generated within clinically tolerable acquisition times, which exhibited high image quality and low susceptibility to artifacts, showed no significant differences compared with X-ray-based OPGs regarding the assessment of quantitative parameters. UTE MR-OPGs provided radiographic-like images and were best suited for assessing qualitative preoperative data (positional relationship, nerve contact/non-contact, and dental root morphology) relevant to third molar surgery. For continuous and focal nerve imaging, DESS MR-OPG was superior. MR-OPGs could represent a shift towards indication-specific and modality-oriented perioperative imaging in high-risk oral and maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adib Al-Haj Husain
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik A Oechslin
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Stadlinger
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Winklhofer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Clinic of Masticatory Disorders, Orofacial Pain Unit, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daphne Schönegg
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadin Al-Haj Husain
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Clinic of Masticatory Disorders, Orofacial Pain Unit, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Sommer
- Siemens Healthineers International AG, Zurich, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Musculoskeletal Imaging (SCMI), Balgrist Campus, Zurich, Switzerland; Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology (ACIT), Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Piccirelli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Valdec
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Schwarz L, Unger E, Gahleitner A, Rausch-Fan X, Jonke E. A novel approach for gingiva thickness measurements around lower anterior teeth by means of dental magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:18. [PMID: 38135801 PMCID: PMC10746778 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This diagnostic accuracy study aims to present the first measurements of gingiva thickness around lower anterior teeth using dental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare these measurements with two established methods: (1) gingival phenotype assessment via periodontal probing, and (2) the superimposition of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans with intraoral scans of teeth and gums. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients with substantial orthodontic treatment need and anterior mandibular crowding were consecutively included in this clinical case series. After periodontal probing, each patient underwent a CBCT scan, an intraoral scan of the mandible, and an MRI investigation using a novel mandibula 15-channel dental coil. RESULTS The mean gingiva thickness was 0.72 mm measured on MRI and 0.97 mm measured on CBCT, with a mean difference between the measurement methods of 0.17 ± 0.27 mm (p < 0.001). Measurement agreement between the index tests (MRI and CBCT) and the clinical reference standard (probing) yielded an overall percent agreement of 64.94% and 47.02% for MRI and CBCT, respectively. Teeth with thin phenotypes were associated with lower soft tissue dimensions in both free (MRI: 0.56 mm vs. CBCT: 0.79 mm) and supracrestal gingiva (MRI: 0.75 mm vs. CBCT: 1.03 mm) when compared to those with thick phenotypes. However, only the measurements obtained from MRI scans showed statistically significant differences between the two phenotypes. CONCLUSION Dental MRI successfully visualizes delicate structures like the gingiva in the anterior mandible and achieves a high correlation with superimposed CBCT scans, with clinically acceptable deviations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The present study helps to establish dental MRI as a radiation-free alternative to conventional radiographic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Schwarz
- Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ewald Unger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - André Gahleitner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Center of Clinical Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin Jonke
- Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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10
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Al-Haj Husain A, Stadlinger B, Winklhofer S, Bosshard FA, Schmidt V, Valdec S. Imaging in Third Molar Surgery: A Clinical Update. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7688. [PMID: 38137758 PMCID: PMC10744030 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Third molar surgery is one of the most common surgical procedures performed in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Considering the patient's young age and the often-elective nature of the procedure, a comprehensive preoperative evaluation of the surgical site, relying heavily on preoperative imaging, is key to providing accurate diagnostic work-up, evidence-based clinical decision making, and, when appropriate, indication-specific surgical planning. Given the rapid developments of dental imaging in the field, the aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date clinical overview of various imaging techniques related to perioperative imaging in third molar surgery, ranging from panoramic radiography to emerging technologies, such as photon-counting computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Each modality's advantages, limitations, and recent improvements are evaluated, highlighting their role in treatment planning, complication prevention, and postoperative follow-ups. The integration of recent technological advances, including artificial intelligence and machine learning in biomedical imaging, coupled with a thorough preoperative clinical evaluation, marks another step towards personalized dentistry in high-risk third molar surgery. This approach enables minimally invasive surgical approaches while reducing inefficiencies and risks by incorporating additional imaging modality- and patient-specific parameters, potentially facilitating and improving patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adib Al-Haj Husain
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (B.S.); (F.A.B.); (V.S.)
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Stadlinger
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (B.S.); (F.A.B.); (V.S.)
| | | | - Fabienne A. Bosshard
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (B.S.); (F.A.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Valérie Schmidt
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (B.S.); (F.A.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Silvio Valdec
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (B.S.); (F.A.B.); (V.S.)
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11
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Grandoch A, Oeser J, Zöller JE, Große Hokamp N, Lichtenstein T, Neugebauer J. Morphological Studies to Identify the Nasopalatine and Inferior Alveolar Nerve Using a Special Head and Neck MRI Coil. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:1351-1356. [PMID: 36879392 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery bear a high risk of nerve damage. Three-dimensional imaging techniques can optimize surgical planning and help to spare nerves. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of a 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner with a dedicated dental signal amplification coil for the assessment of nerves in the oral cavity as compared with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS Based on 6 predefined criteria, the assessability of the inferior alveolar and nasopalatine nerves in CBCT and MRI with a dedicated 4-channel dental coil were compared in 24 patients. RESULTS Compared with CBCT, MRI with the dental coil showed significantly better evaluability of the inferior alveolar nerve in the sagittal and axial plane and the nasopalatine nerve in the axial plane. In the sagittal plane; however, the assessability of the nasopalatine nerve was significantly better in CBCT as compared with MRI. Yet, pertaining to overall assessability, no significant differences between modalities were found. CONCLUSIONS In this pilot study, it can be reported that 1.5- T MRI with a dedicated dental coil is at least equivalent, if not superior, to CBCT in imaging nerve structures of the stomatognathic system. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Preoperative, 3-dimensional images are known to simplify and refine the planning and execution of operations in maxillofacial surgery. In contrast to computed tomography and CBCT, MRI does not cause radiation exposure while enabling visualization of all relevant hard and soft tissues and, therefore, holds an advantage over well-established techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Grandoch
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne
| | - Julia Oeser
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne
| | - Joachim E Zöller
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne
| | - Nils Große Hokamp
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Cologne, Cologne
| | - Thorsten Lichtenstein
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Cologne, Cologne
| | - Jörg Neugebauer
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne
- Dr Bayer and Colleagues Group office for dentistry, Landsberg am Lech, Germany
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12
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Juerchott A, Roser CJ, Saleem MA, Nittka M, Lux CJ, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Hilgenfeld T. Diagnostic compatibility of various fixed orthodontic retainers for head/neck MRI and dental MRI. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2375-2384. [PMID: 36640179 PMCID: PMC10160193 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the diagnostic MRI compatibility of different fixed orthodontic retainers using a high-resolution 3D-sequence optimized for artifact reduction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Maxillary and mandibular retainers made of five different materials were scanned in vitro and in vivo at 3 T MRI using an MSVAT-SPACE sequence. In vitro, artifact volumes were determined for all maxillary and mandibular retainers (AVmax; AVmand). In vivo, two independent observers quantified the extent of artifacts based on the visibility of 124 dental and non-dental landmarks using a five-point rating scale (1 = excellent, 2 = good, 3 = acceptable, 4 = poor, 5 = not visible). RESULTS Rectangular-steel retainers caused the largest artifacts (AVmax/AVmand: 18,060/15,879 mm3) and considerable diagnostic impairment in vivo (mean landmark visibility score ± SD inside/outside the retainer areas: 4.8 ± 0.8/2.9 ± 1.6). Smaller, but diagnostically relevant artifacts were observed for twistflex steel retainers (437/6317 mm3, 3.1 ± 1.7/1.3 ± 0.7). All retainers made of precious-alloy materials produced only very small artifact volumes (titanium grade 1: 70/46 mm3, titanium grade 5: 47/35 mm3, gold: 23/21 mm3) without any impact on image quality in vivo (each retainer: visibility scores of 1.0 ± 0.0 for all landmarks inside and outside the retainer areas). CONCLUSIONS In contrast to steel retainers, titanium and gold retainers are fully compatible for both head/neck and dental MRI when using MSVAT-SPACE. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study demonstrates that titanium and gold retainers do not impair the diagnostic quality of head/neck and dental MRI when applying an appropriate artifact-reduction technique. Steel retainers, however, are not suitable for dental MRI and can severely impair image quality in head/neck MRI of the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Juerchott
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christoph J Roser
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Muhammad Abdullah Saleem
- Division of Experimental Radiology, Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Christopher J Lux
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Heiland
- Division of Experimental Radiology, Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Hilgenfeld
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Al-Haj Husain A, Schmidt V, Valdec S, Stadlinger B, Winklhofer S, Schönegg D, Sommer S, Özcan M, Al-Haj Husain N, Piccirelli M. MR-orthopantomography in operative dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery: a proof of concept study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6228. [PMID: 37069287 PMCID: PMC10110573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33483-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This prospective study aimed to present, compare, and evaluate the suitability of five different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols (3D double-echo steady-state (DESS), 3D fast spin echo short-tau inversion recovery (SPACE-STIR), 3D fast spin echo spectral attenuated inversion recovery (SPACE-SPAIR), volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (T1-VIBE-Dixon), and ultrashort echo time (UTE)) and for orthopantomogram (OPG)-like MRI reconstructions using a novel mandibular coil. Three readers assessed MR-OPGs of 21 volunteers regarding technical image quality (4, excellent; 0, severely reduced), susceptibility to artifacts (3, absence; 0, massive), and visualization of anatomical structures in the oral cavity and surrounding skeletal structures (4, fine details visible; 0, no structures visible). Average image quality was good (3.29 ± 0.83) for all MRI protocols, with UTE providing the best image quality (3.52 ± 0.62) and no to minor artifacts (2.56 ± 0.6). Full diagnostic interpretability of the osseous structures is best in VIBE-Dixon and UTE MR-OPGs. DESS provided excellent visualization of the finest details of the nervous tissue (3.95 ± 0.22). Intra-reader and inter-reader agreement between the readers was good to excellent for all protocols (ICCs 0.812-0.957). MR-OPGs provide indication-specific accurate imaging of the oral cavity and could contribute to the early detection of pathologies, staging, and radiological follow-up of oral and maxillofacial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adib Al-Haj Husain
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Valérie Schmidt
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Valdec
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Stadlinger
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Winklhofer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daphne Schönegg
- Departement of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Sommer
- Siemens Healthineers International AG, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Center for Musculoskeletal Imaging (SCMI), Balgrist Campus, Zurich, Switzerland
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology (ACIT), Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nadin Al-Haj Husain
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Departement of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marco Piccirelli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Flügge T, Gross C, Ludwig U, Schmitz J, Nahles S, Heiland M, Nelson K. Dental MRI-only a future vision or standard of care? A literature review on current indications and applications of MRI in dentistry. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20220333. [PMID: 36988090 PMCID: PMC10170172 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20220333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
MRI is increasingly used as a diagnostic tool for visualising the dentoalveolar complex. A comprehensive review of the current indications and applications of MRI in the dental specialities of orthodontics (I), endodontics (II), prosthodontics (III), periodontics (IV), and oral surgery (V), pediatric dentistry (VI), operative dentistry is still missing and is therefore provided by the present work.The current literature on dental MRI shows that it is used for cephalometry in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics, detection of dental pulp inflammation, characterisation of periapical and marginal periodontal pathologies of teeth, caries detection, and identification of the inferior alveolar nerve, impacted teeth and dentofacial anatomy for dental implant planning, respectively. Specific protocols regarding the miniature anatomy of the dentofacial complex, the presence of hard tissues, and foreign body restorations are used along with dedicated coils for the improved image quality of the facial skull.Dental MRI poses a clinically useful radiation-free imaging tool for visualising the dentoalveolar complex across dental specialities when respecting the indications and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Flügge
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Gross
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Ludwig
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Schmitz
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Nahles
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Heiland
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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15
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Wamasing N, Yomtako S, Watanabe H, Sakamoto J, Kayamori K, Kurabayashi T. The magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of radicular cysts and granulomas. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20220336. [PMID: 36688723 PMCID: PMC9944013 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20220336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Limited studies have differentiated radicular cysts and granulomas with MRI. Therefore, we investigated the MRI characteristics of the two lesions and clarified features for distinguishing between them. METHODS We collected data of 27 radicular cysts and 9 granulomas definitively diagnosed by histopathology and reviewed the fat-saturated T2 weighted, T1 weighted, and contrast-enhanced fat-saturated T1 weighted images. We measured the maximum diameter and apparent diffusion coefficient values of the lesions. We employed Fisher's exact test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and independent t-tests to compare the two lesions and created a decision tree for discriminating between them. RESULTS There were significant differences between radicular cysts and granulomas with respect to five imaging characteristics-signal intensity of the lesion centre on fat-saturated T2 weighted images; signal intensity, texture, and contrast enhancement of the lesion centre on contrast-enhanced fat-saturated T1 weighted images; and maximum diameter of the lesion. The cut-off diameter for radicular cysts was 15.9 mm. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.971, 85.2%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS From the decision tree analysis, maximum diameter, lesion centre contrast enhancement on contrast-enhanced fat-saturated T1 weighted images, and lesion centre signal intensity on fat-saturated T2 weighted images were important for discriminating between radicular cysts and granulomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natnicha Wamasing
- Dental Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Dental Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichiro Sakamoto
- Dental Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Kurabayashi
- Dental Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Al-Haj Husain A, Stadlinger B, Winklhofer S, Piccirelli M, Valdec S. Magnetic resonance imaging for preoperative diagnosis in third molar surgery: a systematic review. Oral Radiol 2023; 39:1-17. [PMID: 35397042 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-022-00611-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has made great strides through various technical improvements and new sequences, which have made it one of the most promising and leading imaging techniques in the head and neck region. As modern imaging techniques in dentistry aim to reduce radiation exposure, this systematic review evaluated the possibilities, advantages, and disadvantages of advanced imaging diagnostics using dental MRI and its evidence for clinical indications and limitations relevant to mandibular third molar (MTM) surgery. Two reviewers performed multiple database searches (PubMed MEDLINE, EMBASE, Biosis, and Cochrane databases) following the PICOS search strategy using medical subject headings (MeSH) terms, keywords, and their combinations. Ten studies were included in this systematic review. By providing high spatial resolution and excellent soft tissue contrast, black bone MRI sequences such as 3D Double Echo Steady State (DESS) and 3D Short Tau Inversion Recovery (STIR) imaging protocols have the potential to become a valuable alternative to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in future dental clinical routines. Overall, radiation-free MRI represents another step toward personalized dentistry and improved decision-making that avoids ineffectiveness and minimizes risks in oral surgery by taking into account additional patient-side factors such as comorbidity, anatomical norm variations, and imaging biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adib Al-Haj Husain
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Stadlinger
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Winklhofer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Piccirelli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Valdec
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Stomatology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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17
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Hilgenfeld T, Saleem MA, Schwindling FS, Ludwig U, Hövener JB, Bock M, Flügge T, Eisenbeiss AK, Nittka M, Mente J, Jende JME, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Juerchott A. High-Resolution Single Tooth MRI With an Inductively Coupled Intraoral Coil-Can MRI Compete With CBCT? Invest Radiol 2022; 57:720-727. [PMID: 35640007 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to quantify T1/T2-relaxation times of the dental pulp, develop a realistic tooth model, and compare image quality between cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of single teeth using a wireless inductively coupled intraoral coil. METHODS T1/T2-relaxometry was performed at 3 T in 10 healthy volunteers (283 teeth) to determine relaxation times of healthy dental pulp and develop a realistic tooth model using extracted human teeth. Eight MRI sequences (DESS, CISS, TrueFISP, FLASH, SPACE, TSE, MSVAT-SPACE, and UTE) were optimized for clinically applicable high-resolution imaging of the dental pulp. In model, image quality of all sequences was assessed quantitatively (contrast-to-noise ratio) and qualitatively (visibility of anatomical structures and extent of susceptibility artifacts using a 5-point scoring scale). Cone-beam computed tomography served as the reference modality for qualitative assessment. Statistical analysis was performed using 2-way analysis of variance, Fisher exact test, and Cohen κ. RESULTS In vivo, relaxometry of dental pulps revealed T1/T2 relaxation times at 3 T of 738 ± 100/171 ± 36 milliseconds. For all sequences, an isotropic resolution of (0.21 mm) 3 was achieved, with acquisition times ranging from 6:19 to 8:02 minutes. In model, the highest contrast-to-noise ratio values were observed for UTE, followed by TSE and CISS. The best image/artifact quality, however, was found for DESS (mean ± SD: 1.3 ± 0.3/2.2 ± 0.0), FLASH (1.5 ± 0.3/2.4 ± 0.1), and CISS (1.5 ± 0.4/2.5 ± 0.1), at a level comparable to CBCT (1.2 ± 0.3/2.1 ± 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Optimized MRI protocols using an intraoral coil at 3 T can achieve an image quality comparable to reference modality CBCT within clinically applicable acquisition times. Overall, DESS revealed the best results, followed by FLASH and CISS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ute Ludwig
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel
| | - Michael Bock
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg
| | - Tabea Flügge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin
| | - Anne-Katrin Eisenbeiss
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel
| | | | - Johannes Mente
- Division of Endodontics and Dental Traumatology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Borreguero Morata J, González JM, Pallás E, Rigla JP, Algarín JM, Bosch R, Galve F, Grau‐Ruiz D, Pellicer R, Ríos A, Benlloch JM, Alonso J. Prepolarized MRI of hard tissues and solid-state matter. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 35:e4737. [PMID: 35384092 PMCID: PMC9540585 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Prepolarized MRI (PMRI) is a long-established technique conceived to counteract the loss in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) inherent to low-field MRI systems. When it comes to hard biological tissues and solid-state matter, PMRI is severely restricted by their ultra-short characteristic relaxation times. Here we demonstrate that efficient hard-tissue prepolarization is within reach with a special-purpose 0.26 T scanner designed for ex vivo dental MRI and equipped with suitable high-power electronics. We have characterized the performance of a 0.5 T prepolarizer module, which can be switched on and off in 200 μs. To this end, we have used resin, dental and bone samples, all with T1 times of the order of 20 ms at our field strength. The measured SNR enhancement is in good agreement with a simple theoretical model, and deviations in extreme regimes can be attributed to mechanical vibrations due to the magnetic interaction between the prepolarization and main magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eduardo Pallás
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)ValenciaSpain
- Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen MolecularCentro Mixto CSIC–Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValenciaSpain
| | | | - José M. Algarín
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)ValenciaSpain
- Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen MolecularCentro Mixto CSIC–Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValenciaSpain
| | | | - Fernando Galve
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)ValenciaSpain
- Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen MolecularCentro Mixto CSIC–Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValenciaSpain
| | | | - Rubén Pellicer
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)ValenciaSpain
- Asociación de investigación MPCSan SebastiánSpain
| | | | - José M. Benlloch
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)ValenciaSpain
- Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen MolecularCentro Mixto CSIC–Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValenciaSpain
| | - Joseba Alonso
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M)Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)ValenciaSpain
- Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen MolecularCentro Mixto CSIC–Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValenciaSpain
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Ullah S, Zada M, Basir A, Yoo H. Wireless, Battery-Free, and Fully Implantable Micro-Coil System for 7 T Brain MRI. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2022; 16:430-441. [PMID: 35657838 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2022.3179839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An elegant solution for the concurrent transmission of data and power is essential for implantable wireless magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This paper presents a self-tuned open interior microcoil (MC) antenna with three useful operating bands of 300 (7 T), 400, and 920 MHz, for blood vessel imaging, data telemetry, and efficient wireless transmission of power, respectively. The proposed open interior MC antenna contains two mirrorlike arms with diameters and lengths of 2.4 mm and 9.8 mm, respectively, to avoid blood flow blockage. To wirelessly show LED glow on a saline based phantom, the MC was fabricated on a flexible polyimide material and combined with a miniaturized rectifier and a micro-LED. Using a path gain, the power transfer efficiency (PTE) of the MC rotation was also analyzed. Additionally, the PTE was calculated for a range of distances between 25 and 60 mm, and a -27.1 dB PTE attained at a distance of of 30 mm. Based on the recommendations of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection for human brain safety when exposed to radio-frequencies from external transmitter, a specific absorption rate analysis was analyzed. Measurements of the s-parameters were noted using a saline solution and blood vessel model to imitate a realistic human head. They were found to correlate reasonably with the simulated results.
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Gulyaev MV, Protopopov A, Pavlova OS, Anisimov NV, Pirogov YA. Design and first implementation of wireless square-shaped transmission line resonators in 1H MRI for small animal studies. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2022; 339:107216. [PMID: 35413516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work is dedicated to the development of a novel design for wireless transmission line resonators (TLRs). The TLRs are often considered as circular-shaped coils made up of two conductive circuits separated by a dielectric layer. We propose a square-shaped TLR design, wherein the coil has two square turns with two symmetrical gaps on each of the conductive layers, and the latter are rotated relative to each other by 90°. The calculation error of the resonant frequency of the square-shaped TLRs is no more than ∼3% of the measured value. The effectiveness of the square-shaped TLR design was evaluated in comparative 1H MRI studies to conventional wireless square loop of the same resonant frequency and with the same-sized inner square of the TLR. The Bruker birdcage was used as a transceiver and as inductively coupled with the wireless coils. We found that the performance of the square-shaped TLR and the square loop is comparable, but the B1+-field generated by the TLR has a wider distribution profile. It was reflected in rat brain studies, when some structures of rat head were not captured by the square loop. Comparative experiments with a standard circular-shaped TLR showed that a signal is predominantly concentrated inside the inner turn of the TLRs. The proposed TLR design can be a promising path to be explored, especially for scanning small objects of study, when the scan area is comparable to the size of the rigid lumped capacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Protopopov
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Olga S Pavlova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | | | - Yury A Pirogov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Al-Haj Husain A, Sekerci E, Schönegg D, Bosshard FA, Stadlinger B, Winklhofer S, Piccirelli M, Valdec S. Dental MRI of Oral Soft-Tissue Tumors—Optimized Use of Black Bone MRI Sequences and a 15-Channel Mandibular Coil. J Imaging 2022; 8:jimaging8050146. [PMID: 35621910 PMCID: PMC9146760 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging8050146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft-tissue lesions in the oral cavity, one of the most common sites for tumors and tumor-like lesions, can be challenging to diagnose and treat due to the wide spectrum from benign indolent to invasive malignant lesions. We report an abnormally large, rapidly growing hyperplastic lesion originating from the buccal mucosa in a 28-year-old male patient. Clinical examination revealed a well-circumscribed, smooth-surfaced, pinkish nodular lesion measuring 2.3 × 2 cm, which suggested the differential diagnosis of irritation fibroma, pyogenic granuloma, oral lipoma, and other benign or malignant neoplasms such as hemangioma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, or metastases to the oral cavity. Dental MRI using a 15-channel mandibular coil was performed to improve perioperative radiological and surgical management, avoiding adverse intraoperative events and misdiagnosis of vascular malformations, especially hemangiomas. Black bone MRI protocols such as STIR (short-tau inversion recovery) and DESS (double-echo steady-state) were used for high-resolution radiation-free imaging. Radiologic findings supported the suspected diagnosis of an irritation fibroma and ruled out any further head and neck lesions, therefore complete surgical resection was performed. Histology confirmed the tentative diagnosis. This article evaluates the use of this novel technique for MR diagnosis in the perioperative management of soft-tissue tumors in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adib Al-Haj Husain
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (E.S.); (F.A.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Esra Sekerci
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (E.S.); (F.A.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Daphne Schönegg
- Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Fabienne A. Bosshard
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (E.S.); (F.A.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Bernd Stadlinger
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (E.S.); (F.A.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Sebastian Winklhofer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Marco Piccirelli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Silvio Valdec
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (E.S.); (F.A.B.); (B.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-643-32-90
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Al-Haj Husain A, Schönegg D, Valdec S, Stadlinger B, Gander T, Essig H, Piccirelli M, Winklhofer S. Visualization of Inferior Alveolar and Lingual Nerve Pathology by 3D Double-Echo Steady-State MRI: Two Case Reports with Literature Review. J Imaging 2022; 8:jimaging8030075. [PMID: 35324630 PMCID: PMC8954741 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging8030075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Injury to the peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve, particularly the lingual nerve (LN) and the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), is a rare but serious complication that can occur during oral and maxillofacial surgery. Mandibular third molar surgery, one of the most common surgical procedures in dentistry, is most often associated with such a nerve injury. Proper preoperative radiologic assessment is hence key to avoiding neurosensory dysfunction. In addition to the well-established conventional X-ray-based imaging modalities, such as panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography, radiation-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the recently introduced black-bone MRI sequences offers the possibility to simultaneously visualize osseous structures and neural tissue in the oral cavity with high spatial resolution and excellent soft-tissue contrast. Fortunately, most LN and IAN injuries recover spontaneously within six months. However, permanent damage may cause significant loss of quality of life for affected patients. Therefore, therapy should be initiated early in indicated cases, despite the inconsistency in the literature regarding the therapeutic time window. In this report, we present the visualization of two cases of nerve pathology using 3D double-echo steady-state MRI and evaluate evidence-based decision-making for iatrogenic nerve injury regarding a wait-and-see strategy, conservative drug treatment, or surgical re-intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adib Al-Haj Husain
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (S.V.); (B.S.)
| | - Daphne Schönegg
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (D.S.); (T.G.); (H.E.)
| | - Silvio Valdec
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (S.V.); (B.S.)
| | - Bernd Stadlinger
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (S.V.); (B.S.)
| | - Thomas Gander
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (D.S.); (T.G.); (H.E.)
| | - Harald Essig
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (D.S.); (T.G.); (H.E.)
| | - Marco Piccirelli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Sebastian Winklhofer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-253-83-96
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Tesfai AS, Vollmer A, Özen AC, Braig M, Semper-Hogg W, Altenburger MJ, Ludwig U, Bock M. Inductively Coupled Intraoral Flexible Coil for Increased Visibility of Dental Root Canals in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Invest Radiol 2022; 57:163-170. [PMID: 34510099 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accurate visualization of dental root canals is vital for the correct diagnosis and subsequent treatment. This work assesses the improvement of a dedicated new coil for dental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison to conventional ones in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and visibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS A newly developed intraoral flexible coil was used to display dental roots with MRI, and it provides improved sensitivity with a loop design and size adjusted to a single tooth anatomy. Ex vivo and in vivo measurements were performed on a 3 T clinical MR system, and results were compared with conventional head and surface coil images. Additional comparison was performed with a modified fast spin echo sequence and a constructive interference in steady-state sequence. RESULTS Ex vivo, an SNR gain of 6.3 could be achieved with the intraoral flexible coil setup, and higher visibility down to 200 μm was possible, whereas the external loop coil is limited to 400 μm. In vivo measurements in a volunteer resulted in an SNR gain of up to 4.5 with an improved delineation of the root canals, especially for the branch tissue splitting of the mesial root canal into mesial-buccal and mesial-lingual. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we showed the feasibility of implementing a wireless coil approach with readily available dental practice materials for sealing and placement. Highly improved MRI scans can be acquired within clinically feasible scan times, and this might provide additional medical findings to supplement available x-ray images.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Vollmer
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg
| | | | | | - Wiebke Semper-Hogg
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg
| | - Markus Jörg Altenburger
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Ludwig
- From the Department of Radiology, Medical Physics
| | - Michael Bock
- From the Department of Radiology, Medical Physics
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Ando T, Nozaki T, Katayama D, Sekino M, Park K. Angle Dependency of Intraoral Coil for Magnetic Stimulation Targeting the Base of the Brain. ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.14326/abe.11.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Ando
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University
| | - Toshihiro Nozaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University
| | - Daisuke Katayama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University
| | - Masaki Sekino
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
| | - Kaechang Park
- Regional Traffic Medicine Laboratory, Kochi University of Technology
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Comparison of Preoperative Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and 3D-Double Echo Steady-State MRI in Third Molar Surgery. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10204768. [PMID: 34682896 PMCID: PMC8540951 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10204768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the reliability of assessing a positional relationship between the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and mandibular third molar (MTM) based on CBCT, 3D-DESS MRI, and CBCT/MRI image fusion. Furthermore, we evaluated qualitative parameters such as inflammatory processes and imaging fusion patterns. Therefore, two raters prospectively assessed in 19 patients with high-risk MTM surgery cases several parameters for technical image quality and diagnostic ability using modified Likert rating scales. Inter- and intra-reader agreement was evaluated by performing weighted kappa analysis. The inter- and intra-reader agreement for the positional relationship was moderate (κ = 0.566, κ = 0.577). Regarding the detectability of inflammatory processes, the agreement was substantial (κ = 0.66, κ = 0.668), with MRI providing a superior diagnostic benefit regarding early inflammation detection. Independent of the readers’ experience, the agreement of judgment in 3D-DESS MRI was adequate. Black bone MRI sequences such as 3D-DESS MRI providing highly confidential preoperative assessment in MTM surgery have no significant limitations in diagnostic information. With improved cost and time efficiency, dental MRI has the potential to establish itself as a valid alternative in high-risk cases compared to CBCT in future clinical routine.
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Abkai C, Hourfar J, Glockengießer J, Ulrici J, Hell E, Rasche V, Ludwig B. Ultra short time to Echo (UTE) MRI for cephalometric analysis-Potential of an x-ray free fast cephalometric projection technique. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257224. [PMID: 34516568 PMCID: PMC8437275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan protocol is presented on the basis of ultra-short time to echo (UTE). By this MRI cephalometric projections (MCPs) can be acquired without the need of post processing in one shot. Different technical parameterizations of the protocol are performed. Their impact on the performance of MCPs is evaluated in comparison to the gold standard-the lateral cephalometric radiography (LCR) for cephalometric analysis (CA) in orthodontics. METHODS Seven MCPs with various scan parameters influencing the scan duration and one LCR are used from one subject. 40 expert assessors performed CA for 14 predefined cephalometric landmarks. Relative metric distances and absolute angular measurements were calculated. Statistical analysis is presented and the deviations are highlighted to demonstrate the potential of the method for further analysis. RESULTS The MCPs are acquired in 5-154 seconds, depending on resolution and contrast. Mean relative distances were 2.4-2.7 mm in MCPs and 1.6 mm in LCR, which demonstrate the accuracy and level of agreement of the expert assessors in identifying anatomical landmarks. In comparison to other studies, the presented MCP performed similar in angular analysis and demonstrated on average deviation of 1.2° ±1.1° in comparison to LCR. Despite the point articulare (Ar) and the related gonial angle the calculate distances and angles show outcomes in the range of ±2°/2mm. CONCLUSIONS MCPs can be acquired much faster in comparison to other techniques known from literature for CA. This study demonstrated the potential of the new method and showed first feasible results. Further research is needed to analyze the performance on a broad range of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciamak Abkai
- Dental office, Traben-Trarbach, Germany
- Sirona Dental Systems GmbH, Bensheim, Germany
| | - Jan Hourfar
- Department of Orthodontics, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | | | - Erich Hell
- Sirona Dental Systems GmbH, Bensheim, Germany
| | - Volker Rasche
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm-University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Björn Ludwig
- Dental office, Traben-Trarbach, Germany
- Department of Orthodontics, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Al-Haj Husain A, Solomons M, Stadlinger B, Pejicic R, Winklhofer S, Piccirelli M, Valdec S. Visualization of the Inferior Alveolar Nerve and Lingual Nerve Using MRI in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091657. [PMID: 34573998 PMCID: PMC8471876 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluate the preoperative visualization of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and lingual nerve (LN) as reported using radiation-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). An accurate visualization shall minimize the postoperative risk for nerve injuries in oral and maxillofacial surgery. PubMed MEDLINE, EMBASE, Biosis, and Cochrane databases were selected for the PICOS search strategy by two reviewers using medical subject headings (MeSH) terms. Thirty studies were included in the systematic review. Based on these studies’ findings, the use of black bone MRI sequences, especially 3D short-tau inversion recovery (STIR), provides superior soft-tissue resolution and high sensitivity in detecting pathological changes. Due to the implementation variability regarding scan parameters and the use of different magnetic field strengths, studies with well-designed protocols and a low risk of bias should be conducted to obtain stronger evidence. With improved cost and time efficiency and considering the benefit–risk ratio, MRI is a promising imaging modality that could become part of routine clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adib Al-Haj Husain
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (M.S.); (B.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Mark Solomons
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (M.S.); (B.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Bernd Stadlinger
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (M.S.); (B.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Rada Pejicic
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (M.S.); (B.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Sebastian Winklhofer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Marco Piccirelli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Silvio Valdec
- Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (M.S.); (B.S.); (R.P.)
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, Butantã 2227, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-634-32-90
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Probst FA, Burian E, Malenova Y, Lyutskanova P, Stumbaum MJ, Ritschl LM, Kronthaler S, Karampinos D, Probst M. Geometric accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging-derived virtual 3-dimensional bone surface models of the mandible in comparison to computed tomography and cone beam computed tomography: A porcine cadaver study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2021; 23:779-788. [PMID: 34318580 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Providing accurate 3-dimensional virtual bone surface models is a prerequisite for virtual surgical planning and additive manufacturing in craniomaxillofacial surgery. For this purpose, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be a radiation-free alternative to computed tomography (CT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the geometric accuracy of 3-dimensional T1-weighted MRI-derived virtual bone surface models of the mandible in comparison to CT and CBCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens of the mandible from porcine cadavers were scanned with (1) a 3-dimensional T1-weighted MRI sequence (0.6 mm isotropic voxel) optimized for bone imaging, (2) CT, and (3) CBCT. Cortical mandibular structures (n = 10) were segmented using semiautomated and manual techniques. Imaging-based virtual 3-dimensional models were aligned with a high-resolution optical 3-dimensional surface scan of the dissected bone (=ground truth) and global geometric deviations were calculated (mean surface distance [MSD]/root-mean-square distance [RMSD]). Agreement between the imaging modalities was assessed by equivalence testing and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS Intra- and inter-rater agreement was on a high level for all modalities. Global geometric deviations (MSD/RMSD) between optical scans and imaging modalities were 0.225 ± 0.020 mm/0.345 ± 0.074 mm for CT, 0.280 ± 0.067 mm/0.371 ± 0.074 mm for MRI, and 0.352 ± 0.076 mm/0.454 ± 0.071 mm for CBCT. All imaging modalities were statistically equivalent within an equivalence margin of ±0.3 mm, and Bland-Altman analysis indicated high agreement as well. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that the accuracy and reliability of MRI-derived virtual 3-dimensional bone surface models is equal to CT and CBCT. MRI may be considered as a reliable alternative to CT and CBCT in computer-assisted craniomaxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Andreas Probst
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Egon Burian
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yoana Malenova
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Plamena Lyutskanova
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Lucas Maximilian Ritschl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophia Kronthaler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Probst
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Al-Haj Husain A, Stadlinger B, Winklhofer S, Müller M, Piccirelli M, Valdec S. Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: Intraosseous Localization of the Inferior Alveolar Nerve Using 3D Double-Echo Steady-State MRI (3D-DESS). Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11071245. [PMID: 34359328 PMCID: PMC8303593 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11071245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the inferior alveolar nerve's (IAN) intraosseous position within the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) using a 3D double-echo steady-state MRI sequence (3D-DESS). The IAN position was prospectively evaluated in 19 patients undergoing mandibular third molar (MTM) surgery. In the coronal reference layer, the IAC was divided into six segments. These segments were checked for the presence of hyperintense tubular MRI signals representing the IAN's nervous tissue and assessed as visible/non-visible. Furthermore, the IAN in MRI and the IAC in MRI and CBCT were segmented at the third and second molar, determining the maximum diameter in all planes and a conversion factor between the imaging modalities. Regardless of the positional relationship at the third and second molar, the IAN showed the highest localization probability in the central segments (segment 2: 97.4% vs. 94.4%, segment 5: 100% vs. 91.6%). The conversion factors from IAC in CBCT and MRI to IAN in MRI, respectively, were the following: axial (2.04 ± 1.95, 2.37 ± 2.41), sagittal (1.86 ± 0.96, 1.76 ± 0.74), and coronal (1.26 ± 0.39, 1.37 ± 0.25). This radiation-free imaging modality, demonstrating good feasibility of accurate visualization of nervous tissue within the nerve canal's osseous boundaries, may benefit preoperative assessment before complex surgical procedures are performed near the IAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adib Al-Haj Husain
- Center of Dental Medicine, Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (B.S.)
| | - Bernd Stadlinger
- Center of Dental Medicine, Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (B.S.)
| | - Sebastian Winklhofer
- Clinical Neuroscience Center, Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Marcel Müller
- Statistical Services, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Marco Piccirelli
- Clinical Neuroscience Center, Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.W.); (M.P.)
| | - Silvio Valdec
- Center of Dental Medicine, Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; (A.A.-H.H.); (B.S.)
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, Butantã 2227, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-634-32-90
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Leontiev W, Bieri O, Madörin P, Dagassan-Berndt D, Kühl S, Krastl G, Krug R, Weiger R, Connert T. Suitability of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Guided Endodontics: Proof of Principle. J Endod 2021; 47:954-960. [PMID: 33774047 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This proof-of-principle study aimed to demonstrate that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is sufficiently accurate for the detection of root canals using guided endodontics. METHODS One hundred extracted human teeth (anterior and premolar) were mounted onto 5 mandibular and 5 maxillary models, fitted with splints designed to accommodate a thin layer of aqueous gel for indirect imaging, and scanned by MRI. After MRI and intraoral scans were aligned using planning software, access cavities were planned virtually, and templates were manufactured with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing, the access cavities were prepared. Cone-beam computed tomographic scans were performed and matched with the virtual preoperative planning data to determine the accuracy of access cavity preparation in terms of deviation between planned and prepared cavities in the mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions and angle. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed, and the mean values were compared using the t test. RESULTS Ninety-one of 100 root canals were successfully scouted after MRI-guided access cavity preparation. The mean angle deviation was 1.82°. The mean deviation ranged from 0.21-0.31 mm at the base of the bur and from 0.28-0.44 mm at the tip of the bur. Preparation in the buccolingual dimension was significantly more precise in mandibular compared with maxillary teeth, and accuracy in the mesiodistal dimension was more precise in anterior teeth compared with premolars. CONCLUSIONS This in vitro study demonstrated the suitability of MRI for guided endodontic access cavity preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadim Leontiev
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Madörin
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dorothea Dagassan-Berndt
- Center for Dental Imaging, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Kühl
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Krastl
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Krug
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Weiger
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Connert
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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März K, Chepura T, Plewig B, Haddad D, Weber D, Schmid M, Hirschfelder U, Gölz L. Cephalometry without complex dedicated postprocessing in an oriented magnetic resonance imaging dataset: a pilot study. Eur J Orthod 2021; 43:614-621. [PMID: 33735379 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables a 3D-volume-imaging without ionizing radiation. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to present a post-processing-free method for cephalometric analysis of a MRI-dataset and to examine whether there is a significant difference between cephalometric analysis of conventional 2D cephalograms and MRI scans. METHODS One MRI scan each was performed on three cadaver heads using a 3T-MR-scanner. Cephalometric analysis was conducted directly on the 3D dataset. All reference points were projected onto a virtual sagittal plane that was perpendicular to the Frankfort horizontal plane. Double-sided points were averaged. Cephalometric angles were measured from the projected points. Results were compared with cephalometric measurements on conventional lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCRs). The cephalometric analysis was performed by five raters. RESULTS 390-angle measurements were obtained. The inter-rater reliability was high [intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ≥ 0.74 for all angles]. Differences between the measurements on the cephalograms and MRI scans ranged between -0.91° (-1.88°, 0.07°) and 0.97° (-0.63°, 2.57°) on average and were equivalent with respect to a margin of [-2°, 2°] in all angles except L1-Me-Tgo (Bonferroni-Holm-corrected P < 0.05 in all angles except L1-Me-Tgo). The best match was found for the SNA angle. CONCLUSION The clinical comparability of the MRI- and LCR-based cephalometry could be stated. Using MRI in orthodontics would reduce radiation exposure and the risk of stochastic radiation damage, which is of importance especially in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline März
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Taras Chepura
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Blanka Plewig
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Haddad
- Magnetic Resonance and X-ray Imaging Department of the Development Centre X-ray Technology EZRT, Division of Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Weber
- Magnetic Resonance and X-ray Imaging Department of the Development Centre X-ray Technology EZRT, Division of Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Ursula Hirschfelder
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
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Pravdivtsev AN, Brahms A, Kienitz S, Sönnichsen FD, Hövener J, Herges R. Catalytic Hydrogenation of Trivinyl Orthoacetate: Mechanisms Elucidated by Parahydrogen Induced Polarization. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:370-377. [PMID: 33319391 PMCID: PMC7986815 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Parahydrogen (pH2 ) induced polarization (PHIP) is a unique method that is used in analytical chemistry to elucidate catalytic hydrogenation pathways and to increase the signal of small metabolites in MRI and NMR. PHIP is based on adding or exchanging at least one pH2 molecule with a target molecule. Thus, the spin order available for hyperpolarization is often limited to that of one pH2 molecule. To break this limit, we investigated the addition of multiple pH2 molecules to one precursor. We studied the feasibility of the simultaneous hydrogenation of three arms of trivinyl orthoacetate (TVOA) intending to obtain hyperpolarized acetate. It was found that semihydrogenated TVOA underwent a fast decomposition accompanied by several minor reactions including an exchange of geminal methylene protons of a vinyl ester with pH2 . The study shows that multiple vinyl ester groups are not suitable for a fast and clean (without any side products) hydrogenation and hyperpolarization that is desired in biochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical ImagingMolecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC)Department of Radiology and NeuroradiologyUniversity Medical Center KielKiel UniversityAm Botanischen Garten 1424114KielGermany
| | - Arne Brahms
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic ChemistryKiel UniversityOtto Hahn Platz 524098KielGermany
| | - Stephan Kienitz
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic ChemistryKiel UniversityOtto Hahn Platz 524098KielGermany
| | - Frank D. Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic ChemistryKiel UniversityOtto Hahn Platz 524098KielGermany
| | - Jan‐Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical ImagingMolecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC)Department of Radiology and NeuroradiologyUniversity Medical Center KielKiel UniversityAm Botanischen Garten 1424114KielGermany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic ChemistryKiel UniversityOtto Hahn Platz 524098KielGermany
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Flügge T, Ludwig U, Amrein P, Kernen F, Vach K, Maier J, Nelson K. MRI for the display of autologous onlay bone grafts during early healing-an experimental study. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2021; 50:20200068. [PMID: 33201739 PMCID: PMC7860956 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autologous bone grafts are the gold standard to augment deficient alveolar bone. Dimensional graft alterations during healing are not known as they are not accessible to radiography. Therefore, MRI was used to display autologous onlay bone grafts in vivo during early healing. METHODS AND MATERIALS Ten patients with alveolar bone atrophy and autologous onlay grafts were included. MRI was performed with a clinical MR system and an intraoral coil preoperatively (t0), 1 week (t1), 6 weeks (t2) and 12 weeks (t3) postoperatively, respectively. The graft volumes were assessed in MRI by manual segmentation by three examiners. Graft volumes for each time point were calculated and dimensional alteration was documented. Cortical and cancellous proportions of bone grafts were assessed. The intraobserver and interobserver variability were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using a mixed linear regression model. RESULTS Autologous onlay bone grafts with cortical and cancellous properties were displayed in vivo in eight patients over 12 weeks. The fixation screws were visible as signal voids with a thin hyperintense fringe. The calculated volumes were between 0.12-0.74 cm3 (t1), 0.15-0.73 cm3 (t2), and 0.17-0.64 cm3 (t3). Median changes of bone graft volumes of -15% were observed. There was no significant difference between the examiners (p = 0.3). CONCLUSIONS MRI is eligible for the display and longitudinal observation of autologous onlay bone grafts. Image artifacts caused measurements deviations in some cases and minimized the precise assessment of graft volume. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first study that used MRI for the longitudinal observation of autologous onlay bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Flügge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Ludwig
- Department of Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Amrein
- Department of Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kernen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Maier
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Ozen AC, Idiyatullin D, Adriany G, Jungst S, Kobayashi N, Groenke BR, Bock M, Garwood M, Nixdorf DR. Design of an Intraoral Dipole Antenna for Dental Applications. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2021; 68:2563-2573. [PMID: 33513097 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2021.3055777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In dental MRI, intraoral coils provide higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than coils placed outside the mouth. This study aims to design an intraoral dipole antenna and demonstrates the feasibility of combining it with an extraoral coil. METHODS Dipole antenna design was chosen over loop design, as it is open toward the distal; therefore, it does not restrain tongue movement. The dipole design offers also an increased depth-of-sensitivity that allows for MRI of dental roots. Different dipole antenna designs were simulated using a finite-difference-time-domain approach. Ribbon, wire, and multi-wire arms were compared. The best design was improved further by covering the ends of the dipole arms with a high-permittivity material. Phantom and in vivo measurements were conducted on a 3T clinical MRI system. RESULTS The best transmit efficiency and homogeneity was achieved with a multi-wire curved dipole antenna with 7 wires for each arm. With an additional high-permittivity cap the transmit field inhomogeneity was further reduced from 20% to 5% along the dipole arm. When combined with extraoral flexible surface-coil, the coupling between the coils was less than -32dB and SNR was increased. CONCLUSION Using intraoral dipole design instead of loop improves patient comfort. We demonstrated feasibility of the intraoral dipole combined with an extraoral flexible coil-array for dental MRI. Dipole antenna enabled decreasing imaging field-of-view, and reduced the prevalent signal from tongue. SIGNIFICANCE This study highlights the advantages and the main challenges of the intraoral RF coils and describes a novel RF coil that addresses those challenges.
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Algarín JM, Díaz-Caballero E, Borreguero J, Galve F, Grau-Ruiz D, Rigla JP, Bosch R, González JM, Pallás E, Corberán M, Gramage C, Aja-Fernández S, Ríos A, Benlloch JM, Alonso J. Simultaneous imaging of hard and soft biological tissues in a low-field dental MRI scanner. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21470. [PMID: 33293593 PMCID: PMC7723060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of hard biological tissues is challenging due to the fleeting lifetime and low strength of their response to resonant stimuli, especially at low magnetic fields. Consequently, the impact of MRI on some medical applications, such as dentistry, continues to be limited. Here, we present three-dimensional reconstructions of ex-vivo human teeth, as well as a rabbit head and part of a cow femur, all obtained at a field strength of 260 mT. These images are the first featuring soft and hard tissues simultaneously at sub-Tesla fields, and they have been acquired in a home-made, special-purpose, pre-medical MRI scanner designed with the goal of demonstrating dental imaging at low field settings. We encode spatial information with two pulse sequences: Pointwise-Encoding Time reduction with Radial Acquisition and a new sequence we have called Double Radial Non-Stop Spin Echo, which we find to perform better than the former. For image reconstruction we employ Algebraic Reconstruction Techniques (ART) as well as standard Fourier methods. An analysis of the resulting images shows that ART reconstructions exhibit a higher signal-to-noise ratio with a more homogeneous noise distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Algarín
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - José Borreguero
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Galve
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Rubén Bosch
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Pallás
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Corberán
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Gramage
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - José M Benlloch
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joseba Alonso
- MRILab, Institute for Molecular Imaging and Instrumentation (i3M), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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Juerchott A, Sohani M, Schwindling FS, Jende JME, Kurz FT, Rammelsberg P, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Hilgenfeld T. Comparison of non‐contrast‐enhanced dental magnetic resonance imaging and cone‐beam computed tomography in assessing the horizontal and vertical components of furcation defects in maxillary molars: An in vivo feasibility study. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1485-1495. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Juerchott
- Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | | | | | - Johann M. E. Jende
- Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | - Felix T. Kurz
- Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | - Peter Rammelsberg
- Department of Prosthodontics Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sabine Heiland
- Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
| | - Tim Hilgenfeld
- Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany
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Probst FA, Schweiger J, Stumbaum MJ, Karampinos D, Burian E, Probst M. Magnetic resonance imaging based
computer‐guided
dental implant surgery—A clinical pilot study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2020; 22:612-621. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Andreas Probst
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Josef Schweiger
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | | | - Dimitrios Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich Munich Germany
| | - Egon Burian
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich Munich Germany
| | - Monika Probst
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich Munich Germany
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Cho HM, Hong C, Lee C, Ding H, Kim T, Ahn B. LEGO-compatible modular mapping phantom for magnetic resonance imaging. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14755. [PMID: 32901056 PMCID: PMC7478958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical phantoms have been widely used for performance evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although there are many kinds of physical phantoms, most MRI phantoms use fixed configurations with specific sizes that may fit one or a few different types of radio frequency (RF) coils. Therefore, it has limitations for various image quality assessments of scanning areas. In this article, we report a novel design for a truly customizable MRI phantom called the LEGO-compatible Modular Mapping (MOMA) phantom, which not only serves as a general quality assurance phantom for a wide range of RF coils, but also a flexible calibration phantom for quantitative imaging. The MOMA phantom has a modular architecture which includes individual assessment functionality of the modules and LEGO-type assembly compatibility. We demonstrated the feasibility of the MOMA phantom for quantitative evaluation of image quality using customized module assembly compatible with head, breast, spine, knee, and body coil features. This unique approach allows comprehensive image quality evaluation with wide versatility. In addition, we provide detailed MOMA phantom development and imaging characteristics of the modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Min Cho
- Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolpyo Hong
- Department of Radiological Science, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan-si, 38430, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwoo Lee
- Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Huanjun Ding
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Taeho Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Bongyoung Ahn
- Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Roser C, Hilgenfeld T, Sen S, Badrow T, Zingler S, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Lux CJ, Juerchott A. Evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging artifacts caused by fixed orthodontic CAD/CAM retainers-an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:1423-1431. [PMID: 32785849 PMCID: PMC7878219 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image quality can be severely impaired by artifacts caused by fixed orthodontic retainers. In clinical practice, there is a trend towards using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) retainers. This study aimed to quantify MRI artifacts produced by these novel CAD/CAM retainers. Material and methods Three CAD/CAM retainers and a stainless-steel retainer (“Twistflex”; clinical reference standard) were scanned in vitro at 3-T MRI using a high-resolution 3D sequence. The artifact diameters and three-dimensional artifact volumes (AV) were determined for all mandibular (AVmand) and maxillary (AVmax) retainers. Moreover, the corresponding ratio of artifact volume to retainer volume (AV/RVmand, AV/RVmax) was calculated. Results Twistflex caused large artifact volumes (AVmand: 13530 mm3; AVmax: 15642 mm3; AV/RVmand: 2602; AV/RVmax: 2235). By contrast, artifact volumes for CAD/CAM retainers were substantially smaller: whereas artifact volumes for cobalt–chromium retainers were moderate (381 mm3; 394 mm3; 39; 31), grade-5 titanium (110 mm3; 126 mm3; 12; 12) and nickel–titanium (54 mm3; 78 mm3; 12; 14) both produced very small artifact volumes. Conclusion All CAD/CAM retainers caused substantially smaller volumes of MRI artifacts compared to Twistflex. Grade-5 titanium and nickel–titanium CAD/CAM retainers showed the smallest artifact volumes. Clinical relevance CAD/CAM retainers made from titanium or nickel–titanium may not relevantly impair image quality in head/neck and dental MRI. Artifacts caused by cobalt–chromium CAD/CAM retainers may mask nearby dental/periodontal structures. In contrast, the large artifacts caused by Twistflex are likely to severely impair diagnosis of oral and adjacent pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Roser
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tim Hilgenfeld
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sinan Sen
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Badrow
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zingler
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Heiland
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher J Lux
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Juerchott
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Karamifar K, Tondari A, Saghiri MA. Endodontic Periapical Lesion: An Overview on the Etiology, Diagnosis and Current Treatment Modalities. Eur Endod J 2020; 5:54-67. [PMID: 32766513 PMCID: PMC7398993 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2020.42714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsurgical and surgical endodontic treatments have a high success rate in the treatment and prevention of apical periodontitis when carried out according to standard and accepted clinical principles. Nevertheless, endodontic periapical lesions remain in some cases, and further treatment should be considered when apical periodontitis persists. Although several treatment modalities have been proposed for endodontically treated teeth with persistent apical periodontitis, there is a need for less invasive methods with more predictable outcomes. The advantages and shortcomings of existing approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of endodontic periradicular lesions are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Karamifar
- From the Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, New Jersey, USA
| | - Afsoon Tondari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Branch, Shiraz Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Saghiri
- From the Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, USA
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Flügge T, Ludwig U, Winter G, Amrein P, Kernen F, Nelson K. Fully guided implant surgery using Magnetic Resonance Imaging – An in vitro study on accuracy in human mandibles. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 31:737-746. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Flügge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Translational Implantology Medical Center–University of FreiburgFaculty of Medicine–University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlin Institute sof Health Berlin Germany
| | - Ute Ludwig
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics Medical Center–University of FreiburgFaculty of Medicine–University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Gita Winter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Translational Implantology Medical Center–University of FreiburgFaculty of Medicine–University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Philipp Amrein
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics Medical Center–University of FreiburgFaculty of Medicine–University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Florian Kernen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Translational Implantology Medical Center–University of FreiburgFaculty of Medicine–University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Translational Implantology Medical Center–University of FreiburgFaculty of Medicine–University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
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Mastrogiacomo S, Dou W, Jansen JA, Walboomers XF. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hard Tissues and Hard Tissue Engineered Bio-substitutes. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 21:1003-1019. [PMID: 30989438 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging tool based on the detection of protons into the tissues. This imaging technique is remarkable because of high spatial resolution, strong soft tissue contrast and specificity, and good depth penetration. However, MR imaging of hard tissues, such as bone and teeth, remains challenging due to low proton content in such tissues as well as to very short transverse relaxation times (T2). To overcome these issues, new MRI techniques, such as sweep imaging with Fourier transformation (SWIFT), ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging, and zero echo time (ZTE) imaging, have been developed for hard tissues imaging with promising results reported. Within this article, MRI techniques developed for the detection of hard tissues, such as bone and dental tissues, have been reviewed. The main goal was thus to give a comprehensive overview on the corresponding (pre-) clinical applications and on the potential future directions with such techniques applied. In addition, a section dedicated to MR imaging of novel biomaterials developed for hard tissue applications was given as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mastrogiacomo
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leijdenlaan 25, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, 5S261, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Weiqiang Dou
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - John A Jansen
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leijdenlaan 25, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - X Frank Walboomers
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leijdenlaan 25, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Flügge T, Ludwig U, Hövener JB, Kohal R, Wismeijer D, Nelson K. Virtual implant planning and fully guided implant surgery using magnetic resonance imaging-Proof of principle. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 31:575-583. [PMID: 32105363 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To present a workflow of virtual implant planning and guided implant surgery with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and virtual dental models without the use of ionizing radiation. METHODS Five patients scheduled for implant placement underwent an MR examination at three Tesla using individualized 2D and 3D turbo spin-echo (TSE) sequences and dedicated head coils. The MRI data and virtual dental models derived from either optical model scans or intraoral scans were imported to a virtual implant planning software (coDiagnostiX, Dental Wings, Montreal, Canada). Virtual prosthetic planning and implant planning were performed regarding the hard and soft tissue anatomy. A drill guide was designed on the virtual dental model using computer-aided design (CAD) and manufactured in-house, using a 3D printer (Eden 260V, Stratasys, Eden Prairie, MN, USA). RESULTS The MRI displayed all relevant anatomical structures for dental implant planning such as cortical and cancellous bone, floor of the nasal and maxillary sinus, inferior alveolar nerve and neighboring teeth. The manual alignment of virtual dental models with the MRI was possible using anatomical landmarks. Dental implant planning, CAD/CAM of a drill guide and fully guided implant placement were successfully performed. CONCLUSIONS Guided implant surgery is feasible with MRI without ionizing radiation. Further studies will have to be conducted to study the accuracy of the presented protocol and compare it to the current workflow of guided surgery using CBCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Flügge
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Implantology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Ludwig
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Section for Biomedical Imaging and MOIN CC, Clinic for Radiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ralf Kohal
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Wismeijer
- Department of Oral Implantology, Academisch Centrum Tandheelkunde Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Translational Implantology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging for diagnostic purposes in operative dentistry—a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:547-557. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ilyas F, Burbridge B, Babyn P. Health Care-Associated Infections and the Radiology Department. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2019; 50:596-606.e1. [PMID: 31623975 PMCID: PMC7104925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Health care-associated infections (HCAIs) are a significant concern for both health care workers (HCWs) and patients. They are a major contributing factor of disease in industrialized countries, and are responsible for significant morbidity, mortality, and a direct annual financial loss of $6-7 billion in North America alone. They are an increasingly challenging health issue due to multidrug-resistant pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci among others, along with an increasing number of susceptible patients. Over the last three decades, the risk of HCAIs has increased in the radiology department (RD) in part because of an increased number of patients visiting the department and an increase in the utilization of imaging modalities. In this review, we will discuss how patients and staff can be exposed to HCAIs in the RD, including contaminated inanimate surfaces, radiology equipment, and associated medical devices. As the role of medical imaging has extended from primarily diagnosis to include more interventions, the implementation and development of standardized infection minimization protocols and infection control procedures are vital in the RD, particularly in interventional radiology. With globalisation and the rapid movement of people regionally, nationally, and globally, there is greater risk of exposure to contagious diseases such as Ebola, especially if infected patients are undiagnosed when they travel. For effective infection control, advanced training and education of HCWs in the RD is essential. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of HCAIs as related to activities of the RD. We will discuss the following major topics including the variety of HCAIs commonly encountered, the role of the RD in HCAIs, transmission of infections to patients and HCWs in the RD, standard infection prevention measures, and the management of susceptible/infected patients in the RD. We shall also examine the role of, and the preparedness of, HCWs, including RD technologists and interventional radiologists, who may be exposed to undiagnosed, yet infected patients. We shall conclude with a brief discussion of the role of further research related to HCAIs. Learning Objectives After the completion of this review article, the readers will • Understand the exposure and role of radiology department in health care-associated infections, • Know the causes/modes/transmission of infections in radiology department, • Be conscious of standard disinfection protocols, • Be aware of current and future strategies required for the effective control of health care-associated infection in the radiology department. This is a CME article and provides the equivalent of 2 hours of continuing education that may be applied to your professional development credit system. A 10-question multiple-choice quiz follows this reading. Please note that no formalized credit (category A) is available from CAMRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ilyas
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, Royal University Hospital, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Maspero C, Abate A, Bellincioni F, Cavagnetto D, Lanteri V, Costa A, Farronato M. Comparison of a tridimensional cephalometric analysis performed on 3T-MRI compared with CBCT: a pilot study in adults. Prog Orthod 2019; 20:40. [PMID: 31631241 PMCID: PMC6801285 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-019-0293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since the introduction of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in dentistry, this technology has enabled distortion-free three-dimensional cephalometric analysis for orthodontic and orthognathic surgery diagnosis. However, CBCT is associated with significantly higher radiation exposure than traditional routine bidimensional examinations for orthodontic diagnosis, although low-dose protocols have markedly reduced radiation exposure over time. The objective of this preliminary feasibility study is to compare the accuracy and diagnostic capabilities of an already-validated three-dimensional cephalometric analysis on CBCT to those of an analysis on 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (3T-MRI) to assess whether the latter can deliver a comparable quality of information while avoiding radiation exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to test the feasibility of three-dimensional cephalometry on 3T-MRI, 18 subjects (4 male; 14 female) with mean age 37.8 ± SD 10.2, who had undergone both maxillofacial CBCT and maxillofacial 3T-MRI for various purposes within 1 month, were selected from the archive of the Department of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Fondazione Ospedale Policlinico Maggiore, IRCCS, Milano, Italy. A three-dimensional cephalometric analysis composed of ten midsagittal and four bilateral landmarks and 24 measurements (11 angular, 13 linear) was performed on both scans using Mimics Research® v. 17.0 (NV, Technologielaan 15, 3001 Leuven, Belgium). Cephalometric analysis was performed twice by two independent orthodontists for each scan, and each orthodontist repeated the measurements 3 weeks later. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS® 20.00 for Windows (IBM® Corporation, Sommers, NY, USA). A Bland-Altman test for each cephalometric value was performed to assess the agreement between the procedures. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess interobserver and intraobserver reliability. The coefficient of variation was used to evaluate precision. RESULTS Both procedures showed good reliability, with mean intraobserver ICCs of 0.977/0.971 for CBCT and 0.881/0.912 for MRI. The average interobserver ICCs were 0.965 for CBCT and 0.833 for MRI. A Bland-Altman analysis for the cephalometric tracing revealed a similar range of agreement between the two modalities; the bias range (mean ± SD) was - 0.25-0.66 mm (0.174 ± 0.31) for distances and - 0.41-0.54° (0.12 ± 0.33) for angles. CONCLUSIONS Within the main limitation of this pilot study, that is, the small sample, it is possible to state that cephalometric measurements on 3T-MRI seem to possess adequate reliability and repeatability and that they show satisfying agreement with values measured on CBCTs. An MRI examination does not expose patients to ionizing radiation and could provide an alternative to CBCT for three-dimensional cephalometrics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Maspero
- Department of Orthodontics, UOC Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20142, Milan, Italy. .,University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Abate
- Department of Orthodontics, UOC Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20142, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bellincioni
- Department of Orthodontics, UOC Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20142, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Cavagnetto
- Department of Orthodontics, UOC Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20142, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Lanteri
- Department of Orthodontics, UOC Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20142, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Costa
- Department of Orthodontics, UOC Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Farronato
- Department of Orthodontics, UOC Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20142, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Timme M, Masthoff M, Nagelmann N, Masthoff M, Faber C, Bürklein S. Imaging of root canal treatment using ultra high field 9.4T UTE-MRI - a preliminary study. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2019; 49:20190183. [PMID: 31530016 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20190183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential of 9.4T ultrashort echo time (UTE) technology visualizing tooth anatomy and root canal treatment in vitro. In particular, it was evaluated whether the currently achievable resolution is suited presenting all anatomical structures and whether the root canal filling materials are distinguishable in UTE-MRI. METHODS Four extracted human teeth were examined using 9.4T UTE-MRI prior endodontic treatment (native teeth), after preparation and after obturation procedure. Root canal obturation was performed using warm vertical compaction (Schilder technique) with an epoxy-resin-based sealer. A single gutta-percha cone measured by MRI served as intensity-reference. MRI results were validated with corresponding histologic sections of the teeth. In addition, all teeth were examined at the different stages with CBCT and conventional X-ray. RESULTS 9.4T UTE-MRI enabled a precise visualization of root canal anatomy of all teeth at a resolution of 66 µm. After obturation, dentin, sealer and gutta-percha cones showed distinct MRI signal changes that allowed clear differentiation of the obturation materials from surrounding tooth structure. The filling materials, isthmal root canal connections and even dentin-cracks that were identified in the MR-images could be verified in histological sections. CONCLUSIONS 9.4T UTE-MRI is suitable for visualization of root canal anatomy, the evaluation of root canal preparation and obturation with a high spatial resolution and may provide a versatile tool for dental material research in endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Timme
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Max Masthoff
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Muenster, Germany
| | - Nina Nagelmann
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Cornelius Faber
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Muenster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bürklein
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University Hospital Muenster, Germany
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Cankar K, Vidmar J, Nemeth L, Serša I. T2 Mapping as a Tool for Assessment of Dental Pulp Response to Caries Progression: An in vivo MRI Study. Caries Res 2019; 54:24-35. [PMID: 31509847 DOI: 10.1159/000501901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Among radiological methods, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) excels in its ability to image soft tissue at great contrast and without the need of harmful radiation. This study tested whether in vivo MRI based on standard MRI sequences run on a standard clinical MRI system can be used to quantify dental pulp response to caries progression using the T2 mapping method. In the study, 74 teeth were scanned on a 3-T MRI system, and caries was assessed according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The T2 maps were processed to obtain T2 profiles along selected root canals (from crown to apex), and the profiles were sorted according to both tooth type (single-rooted vs. molar) and ICDAS score. In all the examined dental pulps, it was found that T2 values decrease with an increase in the ICDAS score. In the coronal part of dental pulps, average T2 values of 166, 153, and 115 ms were found in ICDAS groups 0, 1-3, and 4-6, respectively. In single-rooted teeth, T2 values were found approximately constant as a function of dental pulp depth, while in multi-rooted teeth, they were found increasing in the coronal part and decreasing towards the root apex. The study confirmed that T2 mapping of dental pulp can be used to reliably quantify its response to caries progression and that it has a potential to become a complementary diagnostic tool to standard radiographic methods in the assessment of dental pulp response to caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenija Cankar
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia,
| | - Jernej Vidmar
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Institute of Radiology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lidija Nemeth
- Department of Dental Diseases and Normal Dental Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Serša
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Hilgenfeld T, Juerchott A, Deisenhofer UK, Weber D, Rues S, Rammelsberg P, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Schwindling FS. In vivo accuracy of tooth surface reconstruction based on CBCT and dental MRI-A clinical pilot study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2019; 30:920-927. [PMID: 31257638 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Guided implant surgery (GIS) requires alignment of virtual models to reconstructions of three-dimensional imaging. Accurate visualization of the tooth surfaces in the imaging datasets is mandatory. In this prospective clinical study, in vivo tooth surface accuracy was determined for GIS using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and dental magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS CBCT and 3-Tesla dMRI were performed in 22 consecutive patients (mean age: 54.4 ± 15.2 years; mean number of restorations per jaw: 6.7 ± 2.7). Altogether, 92 teeth were included (31 incisor, 29 canines, 20 premolars, and 12 molars). Surfaces were reconstructed semi-automatically and registered to a reference standard (3D scans of stone models made from full-arch polyether impressions). Reliability of both methods was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients. Accuracy was evaluated using the two one-sided tests procedure with a predefined equivalence margin of ±0.2 mm root mean square (RMS). RESULTS Inter- and intrarater reliability of tooth surface reconstruction were comparable for CBCT and dMRI. Geometric deviations were 0.102 ± 0.042 mm RMS for CBCT and 0.261 ± 0.08 mm RMS for dMRI. For a predefined equivalence margin, CBCT and dMRI were statistically equivalent. CBCT, however, was significantly more accurate (p ≤ .0001). For both imaging techniques, accuracy did not differ substantially between different tooth types. CONCLUSION Cone-beam computed tomography is an accurate and reliable imaging technique for tooth surfaces in vivo, even in the presence of metal artifacts. In comparison, dMRI in vivo accuracy is lower. Still, it allows for tooth surface reconstruction in satisfactory detail and within acceptable acquisition times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hilgenfeld
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Juerchott
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Dorothea Weber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rues
- Department of Prosthodontics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Rammelsberg
- Department of Prosthodontics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Heiland
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Berner S, Schmidt AB, Zimmermann M, Pravdivtsev AN, Glöggler S, Hennig J, von Elverfeldt D, Hövener J. SAMBADENA Hyperpolarization of 13C-Succinate in an MRI: Singlet-Triplet Mixing Causes Polarization Loss. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:728-736. [PMID: 31275794 PMCID: PMC6587320 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal enhancement provided by the hyperpolarization of nuclear spins of biological molecules is a highly promising technique for diagnostic imaging. To date, most 13C-contrast agents had to be polarized in an extra, complex or cost intensive polarizer. Recently, the in situ hyperpolarization of a 13C contrast agent to >20 % was demonstrated without a polarizer but within the bore of an MRI system. This approach addresses some of the challenges of MRI with hyperpolarized tracers, i. e. elevated cost, long production times, and loss of polarization during transfer to the detection site. Here, we demonstrate the first hyperpolarization of a biomolecule in aqueous solution in the bore of an MRI at field strength of 7 T within seconds. The 13C nucleus of 1-13C, 2,3-2H2-succinate was polarized to 11 % corresponding to a signal enhancement of approximately 18.000. Interesting effects during the process of the hydrogenation reaction which lead to a significant loss of polarization have been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Berner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgKillianstraße 5a79106FreiburgGermany
- German Consortium for Cancer Research (DKTK) partner site Freiburg
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)Im Neuenheimer Feld 28069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Andreas B. Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgKillianstraße 5a79106FreiburgGermany
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Section Biomedical Imaging, MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig-HolsteinUniversity of KielAm Botanischen Garten 1424118KielGermany
| | - Mirko Zimmermann
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgKillianstraße 5a79106FreiburgGermany
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Section Biomedical Imaging, MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig-HolsteinUniversity of KielAm Botanischen Garten 1424118KielGermany
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry Am Fassberg 1137077GöttingenGermany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of NeurodegenerationVon-Siebold-Straße 3a37075GöttingenGermany
| | - Jürgen Hennig
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgKillianstraße 5a79106FreiburgGermany
| | - Dominik von Elverfeldt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgKillianstraße 5a79106FreiburgGermany
| | - Jan‐Bernd Hövener
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Section Biomedical Imaging, MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig-HolsteinUniversity of KielAm Botanischen Garten 1424118KielGermany
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