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Li S, Li F, Zhu Y, Du C. Fractional‐Order Localized Spoof Surface Plasmons for In‐Phase or Out‐of‐Phase Power Division. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si‐Qi Li
- Center for Carbon‐Based Electronics and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Fan‐Hong Li
- Center for Carbon‐Based Electronics and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Center for Carbon‐Based Electronics and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Chao‐Hai Du
- Center for Carbon‐Based Electronics and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Peking University Beijing 100871 China
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2
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Wang G, Zhu F, Lang T, Liu J, Hong Z, Qin J. All-metal terahertz metamaterial biosensor for protein detection. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:109. [PMID: 34191133 PMCID: PMC8245611 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03566-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a terahertz (THz) biosensor based on all-metal metamaterial is theoretically investigated and experimentally verified. This THz metamaterial biosensor uses stainless steel materials that are manufactured via laser-drilling technology. The simulation results show that the maximum refractive index sensitivity and the figure of merit of this metamaterial sensor are 294.95 GHz/RIU and 4.03, respectively. Then, bovine serum albumin was chosen as the detection substance to assess this biosensor's effectiveness. The experiment results show that the detection sensitivity is 72.81 GHz/(ng/mm2) and the limit of detection is 0.035 mg/mL. This THz metamaterial biosensor is simple, cost-effective, easy to fabricate, and has great potential in various biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangqi Wang
- Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Fengjie Zhu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Tingting Lang
- Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhi Hong
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jianyuan Qin
- Lab of Terahertz Photonics, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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Fu T, Liu X, Xiao G, Sun T, Li H. Deep-subwavelength spoof magnetic localized surface plasmon waveguiding over arbitrary bending angles. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:38934-38941. [PMID: 33379451 DOI: 10.1364/oe.411770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A deep-subwavelength metal spiral structure (MSS) waveguide with arbitrary bending angles was proposed and demonstrated to propagate magnetic localized surface plasmons (MLSPs) in theoretical, simulated and experimental ways. The uniform coupling strengths and frequencies for adjacent MSSs with different azimuthal angles represent a significant advancement in the development of structures supporting MLSPs over arbitrary bending angles. The consistency among spectra, dispersion, and field distributions for five MSSs indicates that backward propagation of MLSPs over arbitrary bending angles is possible. In addition, a long S-chain consisting of adjacent MSSs at various angles holds promise for applications involving long-distance MLSPs waveguides.
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Wideband Miniaturized Design of Complementary Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons Waveguide Based on Interdigital Structures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3258. [PMID: 32094389 PMCID: PMC7039942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60244-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present to achieve a broadband miniaturized transmission waveguide based on complementary spoof surface plasmon polaritons (CSSPPs). For this purpose, a novel SSPP design that consists of a corrugated slot line and a group of additional interdigital structures (ISs) is proposed, which brings in an extra solution to control the cut-off property of CSSPPs. The transmission cut-off frequency of the proposed design decreases with the increasing of the number of the ISs. Since the width of CSSPP waveguide is directly related to the operating frequency, the degree of miniaturization can be modulated freely by carefully choosing the number of the ISs. A prototype of device with four-ISs introduced is designed and fabricated. And the cut-off frequency of the design decreases from 10 GHz to 5.3 GHz, when the ISs are added. Experimental results agree well with the numerical simulations. The proposed design illustrates great potentials in modern plasmonic integrated circuits.
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Zhao Z, Zhao H, Ako RT, Zhang J, Zhao H, Sriram S. Demonstration of group delay above 40 ps at terahertz plasmon-induced transparency windows. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:26459-26470. [PMID: 31674527 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.026459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate one of the highest terahertz group delay of 42.4 ps achieved experimentally at 0.23 THz, on a flexible planar metamaterial. The unit cell of metasurface is made up of a textured closed cavity and another experimentally concentric metallic arc. By tuning the central angle of the metallic arc, its intrinsic dipolar mode is in destructive interference with the spoof localized surface plasmon (SLSP) on textured closed cavity, which results in a plasmon-induced transparency phenomenon. The measured transmittances of as-fabricated samples using terahertz-time domain spectroscopy validate numerical results using extended coupled Lorentz oscillator model. It is found that the coupling coefficient and damping ratio of SLSP relies on the radius of the ring structure of textured closed cavity. As a consequence, the slow light maximum values become manoeuverable in strength at certain frequencies of induced transparency windows. To the best of our knowledge, our experimental result is currently the highest value demonstrated so far within metasurface at terahertz band.
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Enhanced Ultra-Sensitive Metamaterial Resonance Sensor based on Double Corrugated Metal stripe for Terahertz Sensing. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7516. [PMID: 31101871 PMCID: PMC6525158 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, an ultra-sensitive metamaterial terahertz sensor is proposed. The resonance sensor is designed based on a novel double corrugation form to enhance the ability of the sensor in the terms of sensitivity, Q-factor and the maximum sensible thickness of an analyte. The introduced structure can support the spoof surface plasmon and can resonate strongly at the tuned frequencies. Moreover, the structure of the terahertz sensor is investigated thoroughly from different points of view including frequency shifts due to variations in the thickness or refractive index of the analyte. In addition, the sensitivity of the sensor is approximated with a biharmonic fitting function for different combinations of refractive index and analyte thickness as “sensitivity surface”. The sensor shows the maximum sensitivity of 1.75 THz/RIU for refractive index between 1–1.2 with a maximum thickness of 80 μm. Moreover, the simulation results approved that the double corrugation on the metal stripe improves the electromagnetic field interaction in the metal part greatly in comparison with the previously reported works. According to this work, the proposed structure can be applied for terahertz sensing with more abilities to sense even thicker biologic tissues.
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7
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Wang Y, Tao M, Pei Z, Yu X, Wang B, Jiang J, He X. Tunable bandwidth of double electromagnetic induced transparency windows in terahertz graphene metamaterial. RSC Adv 2018; 8:37057-37063. [PMID: 35557777 PMCID: PMC9088969 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06008h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
By patterning graphene on a SiO2/Si substrate, in this paper, we design and numerically investigate double electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT) windows in a terahertz metamaterial based on a π-like graphene structure. The surface current distributions reveal that the double EIT windows arise from the destructive interferences caused by different asymmetric coupling modes. Moreover, the bandwidth of two transparency windows can be actively controlled by changing the asymmetric coupling strength. By shifting the Fermi energy of graphene, more interestingly, the bandwidth and frequency modulation depths of the two transparency windows is 38.4% and 36% respectively, and the associated group delay and delay bandwidth product (DBP) can also be actively tuned. Therefore, such EIT-like graphene metamaterials are promising candidates for designing slow-light devices and wide-band filters. By patterning graphene on a SiO2/Si substrate, in this paper, we design and numerically investigate double electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT) windows in a terahertz metamaterial based on a π-like graphene structure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology No. 52 Xuefu Road, Nangang District Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 P. R. China
| | - Mengning Tao
- School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology No. 52 Xuefu Road, Nangang District Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 P. R. China
| | - Zhen Pei
- School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology No. 52 Xuefu Road, Nangang District Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 P. R. China
| | - Xuzheng Yu
- School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology No. 52 Xuefu Road, Nangang District Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 P. R. China
| | - Benhua Wang
- School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology No. 52 Xuefu Road, Nangang District Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 P. R. China
| | - Jiuxing Jiang
- School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology No. 52 Xuefu Road, Nangang District Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 P. R. China
| | - Xunjun He
- School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology No. 52 Xuefu Road, Nangang District Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 P. R. China
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Xie Q, Dong GX, Wang BX, Huang WQ. High-Q Fano Resonance in Terahertz Frequency Based on an Asymmetric Metamaterial Resonator. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:294. [PMID: 30242559 PMCID: PMC6150870 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We propose a planar metamaterial formed by four-strip metallic resonators, which can achieve high-Q Fano resonance in terahertz regime. This terahertz planar metamaterial supports a sharp Fano resonance at 0.81 THz with 25% transmission. The resonance bandwidth of the dip is 0.014 THz with the Q-factor of 58. The interference between the bright mode and dark mode leads to the Fano line shape. This sharp Fano profile is explained by the electromagnetic theory of Fano resonance. Moreover, multiple Fano resonances can be realized by adding more strips into the original structure. As an example, two Fano dips with Q-factors of 61 and 65 can be achieved via a five-strip structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xie
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Guang-Xi Dong
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Ben-Xin Wang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Wei-Qing Huang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
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Three-Dimensional Terahertz Coded-Aperture Imaging Based on Single Input Multiple Output Technology. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18010303. [PMID: 29351261 PMCID: PMC5795760 DOI: 10.3390/s18010303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As a promising radar imaging technique, terahertz coded-aperture imaging (TCAI) can achieve high-resolution, forward-looking, and staring imaging by producing spatiotemporal independent signals with coded apertures. In this paper, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) TCAI architecture based on single input multiple output (SIMO) technology, which can reduce the coding and sampling times sharply. The coded aperture applied in the proposed TCAI architecture loads either purposive or random phase modulation factor. In the transmitting process, the purposive phase modulation factor drives the terahertz beam to scan the divided 3D imaging cells. In the receiving process, the random phase modulation factor is adopted to modulate the terahertz wave to be spatiotemporally independent for high resolution. Considering human-scale targets, images of each 3D imaging cell are reconstructed one by one to decompose the global computational complexity, and then are synthesized together to obtain the complete high-resolution image. As for each imaging cell, the multi-resolution imaging method helps to reduce the computational burden on a large-scale reference-signal matrix. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed architecture can achieve high-resolution imaging with much less time for 3D targets and has great potential in applications such as security screening, nondestructive detection, medical diagnosis, etc.
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Switching and extension of transmission response, based on bending metamaterials. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3559. [PMID: 28620189 PMCID: PMC5472583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03824-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT)-like effects in planar and non-planar metamaterials (MMs) were investigated for microwave (GHz) frequencies. The specific MMs used in this study consisted of a cut-wire resonator and a ring resonator, where were placed on the top and the bottom layers, respectively. A transmission window was produced, due to the interference between bright- and bright-mode coupling. Using the numerical and the experimental results, we demonstrate that the bending of MM leads to enhanced transmission and bandwidth, as well as an additional EIT-like peak. This provides an effective way of realizing the tunable devices, including the switching sensors.
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Ultrasensitive terahertz metamaterial sensor based on spoof surface plasmon. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2092. [PMID: 28522859 PMCID: PMC5437027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01781-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A planar terahertz metamaterial sensor consisting of a corrugated metal stripe perforated by three rectangular grooves is proposed and investigated numerically. Due to the formation of Fabry-Perot resonance of the spoof surface plasmons mode on the corrugated metal stripe, the extremely sharp resonance in transmission spectrum associated with strong local field enhancement and high quality factor can be realized and exploited for ultrasensitive sensing. Since the intense interaction between electromagnetic waves and analyte materials, the frequency sensitivity of 1.966 THz per refractive index unit and the figure of merit of 19.86 can be achieved. Meanwhile, the film thickness sensitivity of this metamaterial sensor is higher than 52.5 GHz/μm when the analyte thickness is thinner than 4 μm. More interestingly, we find that the metal thickness has a great effect on the sensor performance. These findings open up opportunities for planar metamaterial structures to be developed into practical sensors in terahertz regime.
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