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Falk K, Šmíd M, Boháček K, Chaulagain U, Gu Y, Pan X, Perez-Martin P, Krůs M, Kozlová M. Laser-driven low energy electron beams for single-shot ultra-fast probing of meso-scale materials and warm dense matter. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4252. [PMID: 36918602 PMCID: PMC10015074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Laser wakefield acceleration has proven to be an excellent source of electrons and X-rays suitable for ultra-fast probing of matter. These novel beams have demonstrated unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution allowing for new discoveries in material science and plasma physics. In particular, the study of dynamic processes such as non-thermal melt and lattice changes on femtosecond time-scales have paved a way to completely new scientific horizons. Here, we demonstrate the first single-shot electron radiography measurement using an femtosecond electron source based on the downramp-density gradient laser-wakefield-acceleration with the use of a compact Ti:sapphire laser. A quasi-monoenergetic electron beam with mean energy of 1.9 ± 0.4 MeV and charge 77 ± 47 pC per shot was generated by the laser incident onto a gas target and collimated using a two ring-magnet beam path. High quality electron radiography of solid objects with spatial resolution better than 150 [Formula: see text]m was demonstrated. Further developments of this scheme have the potential to obtain single-shot ultrafast electron diffraction from dynamic lattices. This scheme poses a great promise for smaller scale university laboratories and facilities for efficient single-shot probing of warm dense matter, medical imaging and the study of dynamic processes in matter with broad application to inertial confinement fusion and meso-scale materials (mg g/cm[Formula: see text]).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Falk
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany. .,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany. .,Institute of Physics CAS, 182 21, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Šmíd
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karel Boháček
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, 25241, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic
| | - Uddhab Chaulagain
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, 25241, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic
| | - Yanjun Gu
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, 25241, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic.,Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Xiayun Pan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pablo Perez-Martin
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Miroslav Krůs
- Institute of Plasma Physics CAS, 182 21, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kozlová
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, 25241, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic.,Institute of Plasma Physics CAS, 182 21, Prague, Czech Republic
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Silva T, Amorim LD, Downer MC, Hogan MJ, Yakimenko V, Zgadzaj R, Vieira J. Stable Positron Acceleration in Thin, Warm, Hollow Plasma Channels. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:104801. [PMID: 34533351 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.104801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hollow plasma channels are attractive for lepton acceleration because they provide intrinsic emittance preservation regimes. However, beam breakup instabilities dominate the dynamics. Here, we show that thin, warm hollow channels can sustain large-amplitude plasma waves ready for high-quality positron acceleration. We verify that the combination of warm electrons and thin hollow channels enables positron focusing structures. Such focusing wakefields unlock beam breakup damping mechanisms. We demonstrate that such channels emerge self-consistently during the long-term plasma dynamics in the blowout's regime aftermath, allowing for experimental demonstration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Silva
- GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L D Amorim
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M C Downer
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1081, USA
| | - M J Hogan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - V Yakimenko
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Zgadzaj
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1081, USA
| | - J Vieira
- GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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Rovige L, Huijts J, Vernier A, Andriyash I, Sylla F, Tomkus V, Girdauskas V, Raciukaitis G, Dudutis J, Stankevic V, Gecys P, Faure J. Symmetric and asymmetric shocked gas jets for laser-plasma experiments. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:083302. [PMID: 34470418 DOI: 10.1063/5.0051173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Shocks in supersonic flows offer both high density and sharp density gradients that are used, for instance, for gradient injection in laser-plasma accelerators. We report on a parametric study of oblique shocks created by inserting a straight axisymmetric section at the end of a supersonic "de Laval" nozzle. The effect of different parameters, such as the throat diameter and straight section length on the shock position and density, is studied through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Experimental characterizations of a shocked nozzle are compared to CFD simulations and found to be in good agreement. We then introduce a newly designed asymmetric shocked gas jet, where the straight section is only present on one lateral side of the nozzle, thus providing a gas profile well adapted for density transition injection. In this case, full-3D fluid simulations and experimental measurements are compared and show excellent agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rovige
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bv des Maréchaux, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - J Huijts
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bv des Maréchaux, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Vernier
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bv des Maréchaux, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - I Andriyash
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bv des Maréchaux, 91762 Palaiseau, France
| | - F Sylla
- SourceLAB, 7 rue de la Croix Martre, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - V Tomkus
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - V Girdauskas
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - G Raciukaitis
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - J Dudutis
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - V Stankevic
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - P Gecys
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - J Faure
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bv des Maréchaux, 91762 Palaiseau, France
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Feister S, Austin DR, Morrison JT, Frische KD, Orban C, Ngirmang G, Handler A, Smith JRH, Schillaci M, LaVerne JA, Chowdhury EA, Freeman RR, Roquemore WM. Relativistic electron acceleration by mJ-class kHz lasers normally incident on liquid targets. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:18736-18750. [PMID: 29041068 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.018736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report observation of kHz-pulsed-laser-accelerated electron energies up to 3 MeV in the -klaser (backward) direction from a 3 mJ laser interacting at normal incidence with a solid density, flowing-liquid target. The electrons/MeV/s.r. >1 MeV recorded here using a mJ-class laser exceeds or equals that of prior super-ponderomotive electron studies employing lasers at lower repetition-rates and oblique incidence. Focal intensity of the 40-fs-duration laser is 1.5 · 1018 W cm-2, corresponding to only ∼80 keV electron ponderomotive energy. Varying laser intensity confirms electron energies in the laser-reflection direction well above what might be expected from ponderomotive scaling in normal-incidence laser-target geometry. This direct, normal-incidence energy spectrum measurement is made possible by modifying the final focusing off-axis-paraboloid (OAP) mirror with a central hole that allows electrons to pass, and restoring laser intensity through adaptive optics. A Lanex-based, optics-free high-acquisition rate (>100 Hz) magnetic electron-spectrometer was developed for this study to enable shot-to-shot statistical analysis and real-time feedback, which was leveraged in finding optimal pre-plasma conditions. 3D Particle-in-cell simulations of the interaction show qualitative super-ponderomotive spectral agreement with experiment. The demonstration of a high-repetition-rate, high-flux source containing >MeV electrons from a few-mJ, 40 fs laser and a simple liquid target encourages development of future ≥kHz-repetition, fs-duration electron-beam applications.
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