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Hu QL, Zhuo JC, Fang GQ, Lu JB, Ye YX, Li DT, Lou YH, Zhang XY, Chen X, Wang SL, Wang ZC, Zhang YX, Mazlan N, OO SS, Thet T, Sharma PN, Jauharlina J, Sukorini IH, Ibisate MT, Rahman SM, Ansari NA, Chen AD, Zhu ZR, Heong KL, Lu G, Huang HJ, Li JM, Chen JP, Zhan S, Zhang CX. The genomic history and global migration of a windborne pest. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk3852. [PMID: 38657063 PMCID: PMC11042747 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk3852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Many insect pests, including the brown planthopper (BPH), undergo windborne migration that is challenging to observe and track. It remains controversial about their migration patterns and largely unknown regarding the underlying genetic basis. By analyzing 360 whole genomes from around the globe, we clarify the genetic sources of worldwide BPHs and illuminate a landscape of BPH migration showing that East Asian populations perform closed-circuit journeys between Indochina and the Far East, while populations of Malay Archipelago and South Asia undergo one-way migration to Indochina. We further find round-trip migration accelerates population differentiation, with highly diverged regions enriching in a gene desert chromosome that is simultaneously the speciation hotspot between BPH and related species. This study not only shows the power of applying genomic approaches to demystify the migration in windborne migrants but also enhances our understanding of how seasonal movements affect speciation and evolution in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ling Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ji-Chong Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Gang-Qi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia-Bao Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Ye
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan-Ting Li
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Han Lou
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Zhang
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Si-Liang Wang
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhe-Chao Wang
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Norida Mazlan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, and Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - San San OO
- Taungoo University, Taungoo 05063, Myanmar
| | - Thet Thet
- Taungoo University, Taungoo 05063, Myanmar
| | - Prem Nidhi Sharma
- Entomology Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Jauharlina Jauharlina
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Ir Henik Sukorini
- Agrotechnology Study Program, Muhammadiyah University of Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
| | - Michael T. Ibisate
- College of Agriculture, Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Aklan State University, Banga, Aklan 5601, Philippines
| | - S.M. Mizanur Rahman
- Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Naved Ahmad Ansari
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P. 202002, India
| | - Ai-Dong Chen
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Zeng-Rong Zhu
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Kong Luen Heong
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hai-Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jun-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shuai Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Liu Y, Chan KN, Li X, Zhao X, Chu D, Yin Y, Liu Y, Chen A. The Genetic Diversity of White-Backed Planthoppers ( Sogatella furcifera) between Myanmar and Yunnan Province of China. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2164. [PMID: 38136986 PMCID: PMC10743027 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to clarify the migration route and the source of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) (Sogatella furcifera) between Myanmar and Yunnan Province, China, we collected six populations throughout Myanmar and five populations around the border areas in Yunnan Province, China. A total of 790 base pairs in the mtDNA COI genes from 416 individuals were obtained. A total of 43 haplotypes were identified, among which 37 were unique haplotypes, and the remaining 6 were shared among different populations. Two common shared haplotypes (H_1 and H_2) had a widespread distribution in all populations and accounted for 88.8% of the total haplotype frequency, suggesting a high-level gene flow among the Myanmar and Yunnan populations. Bayesian skyline plot (BSP) analysis results indicated that the effective population size of WBPH expanded between about 10,000 and 7000 years ago, and S. furcifera might follow the post-LGM (Last Glacial Maximum) expansion pattern. Based on the total migrant (Nem) value, it can be deduced that north and northeast Myanmar were the primary migration sources for WBPH populations in the southwest and south Yunnan regions. This study aims to contribute to the sustainable regional management of this important rice pest and provide new insights into the genetic diversity of WBPH in Southeast Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province/Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China (Y.Y.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Khin Nyein Chan
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province/Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China (Y.Y.)
- Biotechnology Research Department, Ministry of Education, Mandalay 05151, Myanmar
| | - Xiangyong Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province/Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China (Y.Y.)
| | - Xueqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province/Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China (Y.Y.)
| | - Dong Chu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yanqiong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province/Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China (Y.Y.)
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province/Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China (Y.Y.)
| | - Aidong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province/Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China (Y.Y.)
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Tyagi S, Srinivasa N, Singh RN, Vinay N. Species-specific markers for Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:269. [PMID: 37449252 PMCID: PMC10335986 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03693-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and white-backed planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) are the most destructive sucking insect pests of rice in all rice growing parts of the world. For their accurate identification at early stages, we have developed two species-specific markers (SNL4F and SNL4R for BPH; SNF2F and SNF2R for WBPH) based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) for their easy detection using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The markers were developed based on nucleotide differences in COI gene and were subjected to various tests based on PCR-based gel images. The designed primers were cross-checked with five other species, which confirmed their specificity. The primers were also found to be efficient in identification of their respective species (BPH and WBPH) in all the individuals sampled from different regions of India. The lowest detection sensitivity of both the primers was up to 1 ng/µl DNA after testing them through a series of varied DNA concentrations. The species-specific primers developed in this study will help in easy and rapid identification of BPH and WBPH in all the stages of their development and in turn facilitate their timely management. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03693-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saniya Tyagi
- Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
- Department of Entomology, BRD PG College, Deoria, Uttar Pradesh 274001 India
| | - Narayana Srinivasa
- Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - R. N. Singh
- Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - N. Vinay
- Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
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A New Mitochondrial Genome of Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and Mitogenome-Wide Investigation on Polymorphisms. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12121066. [PMID: 34940154 PMCID: PMC8706918 DOI: 10.3390/insects12121066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary We completed one mitogenome of white-backed planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera (Horváth), with finding heteroplasmy phenomenon confirmed by PCR reaction and Sanger sequencing method. This heteroplasmy was not observed in WBPHs (n = 24) collected from the fields, suggesting that it may be uncommon in fields. We also analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertion and deletions, and simple sequence repeats among three currently available WBPH mitogenomes of Korea and China, suggesting that identified intraspecific variations could be potential candidates for developing markers to distinguish geographical populations of WBPH including Korean and Chinese. Phylogenetic analysis of 32 mitogenomes of Delphacidae including the three WBPH mitogenomes suggested that Delphacinae seems to be monophyletic and Sogatella species including WBPH are clearly formed as one clade. Abstract White-backed planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera (Horváth), is one of the major sap-sucking rice pests in East Asia. We have determined a new complete mitochondrial genome of WBPH collected in the Korean peninsula using NGS technology. Its length and GC percentages are 16,613 bp and 23.8%, respectively. We observed one polymorphic site, a non-synonymous change, in the COX3 gene with confirmation heteroplasmy phenomenon within individuals of WBPH by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing, the first report in this species. In addition, this heteroplasmy was not observed in wild WBPH populations, suggesting that it may be uncommon in fields. We analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertion, and deletions, and simple sequence repeats among the three WBPH mitogenomes from Korea and China and found diverse intraspecific variations, which could be potential candidates for developing markers to distinguish geographical populations. Phylogenetic analysis of 32 mitogenomes of Delphacidae including the three WBPH mitogenomes suggested that Delphacinae seems to be monophyletic and Sogatella species including WBPH are clearly formed as one clade. In the future, it is expected that complete mitogenomes of individuals of geographically dispersed WBPH populations will be used for further population genetic studies to understand the migration pathway of WBPH.
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Yang N, Dong Z, Chen A, Yin Y, Li X, Chu D. Migration of Sogatella furcifera between the Greater Mekong Subregion and northern China revealed by mtDNA and SNP. BMC Evol Biol 2020; 20:154. [PMID: 33213363 PMCID: PMC7678102 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The white-backed planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera, Delphacidae), is a migratory pest of rice in Asia. Shandong Province, in northern China, is located on the migration pathway of WBPH between southern and northeast China. The potential sources of WBPH in northern China are poorly understood. We studied the sources of WBPH in Shandong Province by determining the population genetic structure of WBPH in 18 sites distributed in Shandong and in six regions of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). We used mitochondrial gene and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for analysis. Results All of the WBPH populations studied in the seven regions had low genetic diversity. Pairwise FST values based on mtDNA ranged from − 0.061 to 0.285, while FST based on SNP data ranged from − 0.007 to 0.009. These two molecular markers revealed that 4.40% (mtDNA) and 0.19% (SNP) genetic variation could be explained by the interpopulation variation, while the rest came from intrapopulation variation. The populations in the seven geographic regions comprised four hypothetical genetic clusters (K = 4) not associated with geographic location. Eighty-four of 129 individuals distributed across the given area were designated as recent migrants or of admixed ancestry. Although the substantial migration presented, a weak but significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances was found (r = 0.083, P = 0.004). Conclusion The Greater Mekong Subregion was the main genetic source of WBPH in Shandong, while other source populations may also exist. The genetic structure of WBPH is shaped by both migration and geographic barriers. These results help clarify the migration route and the source of WBPH in northern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhaoke Dong
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Aidong Chen
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Yanqiong Yin
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Xiangyong Li
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Dong Chu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Hu S, Sun S, Fu D, Lü J, Wang X, Yu Y, Dong L, Chen S, Ye H. Migration sources and pathways of the pest species Sogatella furcifera in Yunnan, China, and across the border inferred from DNA and wind analyses. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:8235-8250. [PMID: 32788975 PMCID: PMC7417236 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The migration sources and pathways of Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) in topologically complex regions like Yunnan, China, and adjacent montane areas have long been a challenging task and a bottleneck in effective pest forecast and control. The present research reinvestigated this issue using a combination of mtDNA and long-term historical wind field data in an attempt to provide new insights. Genetic analyses showed that the 60 populations of S. furcufera collected across Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan lack genetic structure and geographic isolation, while spatial analysis of haplotype and diversity indices discovered geographic relevance between populations. Migration rate analysis combined with high-resolution 10-year wind field analysis detected the following migration sources, pathways, and impacted areas which could explain the outbreak pattern in Yunnan. (a) Dominating stepwise northward migrations originated from northern Indochina, southern Yunnan, and central-eastern Yunnan, impacting their northern areas. (b) Concurring summer-autumn southward (return) migration originated from nearly all latitude belts of Sichuan and Yunnan mainly impacting central and southern Yunnan. (c) Regular eastward and summer-autumn westward migrations across Yunnan. The northward migration reflects the temporal rhythm of gradual outbreaks from the south to the north in a year, while the return migration may explain the repeated or very severe outbreaks in the impacted areas. To form a better pest forecast and control network, attention must also be paid to the northern part of Yunnan to suppress the impact of return migration in summers and autumns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao‐Ji Hu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco‐securityYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco‐securityYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Shan‐Shan Sun
- Department of Atmospheric SciencesSchool of Resource Environment and Earth ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Da‐Ying Fu
- School of Life SciencesSouthwest Forest UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Jian‐Ping Lü
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Yunnan ProvinceKunmingChina
| | - Xue‐Ying Wang
- School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Yan‐Ping Yu
- School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Li‐Min Dong
- School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Sui‐Yun Chen
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Centre of Crop Disease and PestYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Centre of Plant Disease and PestYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Hui Ye
- School of AgricultureYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
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Qu W, Liang N, Wu Z, Zhao Y, Chu D. Minimum sample sizes for invasion genomics: Empirical investigation in an invasive whitefly. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:38-49. [PMID: 31988715 PMCID: PMC6972819 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of population genetics provides insights into the evolutionary processes, among which the sample size choice is per se a crucial issue in the analysis. Genome-wide high-throughput techniques based on RADseq have been increasingly used in studies on the population genomics of invasive species. However, there is little information available regarding optimal sample sizes for analyzing population genomics of invasive species. In this study, we first use type IIB endonucleases restriction site-associated DNA (2b-RAD) to mine thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for native and introduced populations in Q1 clade (SPB and 17JN) and Q2 clade (ISQ and UAS0601) of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) MED (also known as B. tabaci biotype Q). Then, we used resampling techniques to create simulated populations with a random subset of individuals and 3,000 SNPs to determine how many individuals should be sampled for accurate estimates of intra- and interpopulation genetic diversity. We calculated the intrapopulation genetic diversity parameters (unbiased expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity, and the number of effect alleles) and pairwise genetic differentiation F ST; finally, an ad hoc statistic, ΔK, was used to determine the optimal value. Our results showed that a sample size greater than four individuals (n ≥ 4) has little impact on estimates of genetic diversity within whitefly populations; moreover, precise estimate of F ST can be easily achieved at a very small simple size (n = 3 or 4). Our results will provide in-depth understanding of the optimization of sampling schemes in population genomics of invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan‐Mei Qu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong ProvinceCollege of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Ni Liang
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong ProvinceCollege of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Zi‐Ku Wu
- Science and Information CollegeQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - You‐Gang Zhao
- Science and Information CollegeQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Dong Chu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong ProvinceCollege of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
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Yin Y, Li X, Chu D, Zhao X, Sathya K, Douangboupha B, Kyaw MM, Kongchuensin M, Somrith A, Ngo VV, Nguyen HC, Shen S, Liu S, Chen A. Extensive gene flow of white-backed planthopper in the Greater Mekong Subregion as revealed by microsatellite markers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15905. [PMID: 29162915 PMCID: PMC5698459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The white-backed planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera (Horváth), is a destructive pest of rice in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) countries including Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and China’s Yunnan Province. Our previous study not only confirmed the immigration sources of the WBPH in China’s Yunnan Province were from Myanmar, Vietnam, and Laos, but also indicated that Cambodia was likely an additional migration source. To further clarify the migration sources and patterns of the WBPH in the GMS, we investigated the genetic structure of 42 WBPH populations using microsatellite loci markers. The analysis of genetic diversity, heterozygosity deficit, and heterozygosity excess based on the nuclear markers suggest that there is extensive gene flow between the 42 sampled populations from the GMS. The genetic structure confirmed the immigration sources of WBPH as revealed by mitochondrial markers and trajectory analyses methods in previous studies. These findings will aid in the sustainable regional management of this insect pest in the GMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiong Yin
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Xiangyong Li
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Dong Chu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xueqing Zhao
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Khay Sathya
- Plant Protection Office, Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Phnom Penh, 01, Cambodia
| | - Bounneuang Douangboupha
- Horticulture Research Center, National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute, Vientiane, 7170, Lao PDR
| | - Mu Mu Kyaw
- Department of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Manita Kongchuensin
- Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Bangkok, 10170, Thailand
| | - Apirusht Somrith
- Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Bangkok, 10170, Thailand
| | - Vinh Vien Ngo
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huy Chung Nguyen
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Shicai Shen
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Shufang Liu
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Aidong Chen
- Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China.
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