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Tennant P, Rampersad S, Alleyne A, Johnson L, Tai D, Amarakoon I, Roye M, Pitter P, Chang PG, Myers Morgan L. Viral Threats to Fruit and Vegetable Crops in the Caribbean. Viruses 2024; 16:603. [PMID: 38675944 PMCID: PMC11053604 DOI: 10.3390/v16040603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Viruses pose major global challenges to crop production as infections reduce the yield and quality of harvested products, hinder germplasm exchange, increase financial inputs, and threaten food security. Small island or archipelago habitat conditions such as those in the Caribbean are particularly susceptible as the region is characterized by high rainfall and uniform, warm temperatures throughout the year. Moreover, Caribbean islands are continuously exposed to disease risks because of their location at the intersection of transcontinental trade between North and South America and their role as central hubs for regional and global agricultural commodity trade. This review provides a summary of virus disease epidemics that originated in the Caribbean and those that were introduced and spread throughout the islands. Epidemic-associated factors that impact disease development are also discussed. Understanding virus disease epidemiology, adoption of new diagnostic technologies, implementation of biosafety protocols, and widespread acceptance of biotechnology solutions to counter the effects of cultivar susceptibility remain important challenges to the region. Effective integrated disease management requires a comprehensive approach that should include upgraded phytosanitary measures and continuous surveillance with rapid and appropriate responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Tennant
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, St. Andrew JMAAW07, Jamaica;
- Biotechnology Centre, The University of the West Indies, Mona, St. Andrew JMAAW07, Jamaica; (D.T.); (M.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Sephra Rampersad
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago;
| | - Angela Alleyne
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Bridgetown BB11000, Barbados;
| | - Lloyd Johnson
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, St. Andrew JMAAW07, Jamaica;
| | - Deiondra Tai
- Biotechnology Centre, The University of the West Indies, Mona, St. Andrew JMAAW07, Jamaica; (D.T.); (M.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Icolyn Amarakoon
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Medical Sciences Teaching and Research Complex, The University of the West Indies, Mona, St. Andrew JMAAW07, Jamaica;
| | - Marcia Roye
- Biotechnology Centre, The University of the West Indies, Mona, St. Andrew JMAAW07, Jamaica; (D.T.); (M.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Patrice Pitter
- Biotechnology Centre, The University of the West Indies, Mona, St. Andrew JMAAW07, Jamaica; (D.T.); (M.R.); (P.P.)
- Ministry of Agriculture, Bodles Research Station, Old Harbour, St. Catherine JMACE18, Jamaica; (P.-G.C.); (L.M.M.)
| | - Peta-Gaye Chang
- Ministry of Agriculture, Bodles Research Station, Old Harbour, St. Catherine JMACE18, Jamaica; (P.-G.C.); (L.M.M.)
| | - Lisa Myers Morgan
- Ministry of Agriculture, Bodles Research Station, Old Harbour, St. Catherine JMACE18, Jamaica; (P.-G.C.); (L.M.M.)
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Schoeller EN, Hogan J, McKenzie CL, Osborne LS. Functional response of Franklinothrips vespiformis (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) to eggs and nymphs of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2024; 24:3. [PMID: 38442350 PMCID: PMC10914367 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieae030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The Middle East Asia Minor 1 biotype of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a greenhouse and field crop pest of global significance. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of the generalist predatory thrips, Franklinothrips vespiformis Crawford (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae), as a biological control agent for B. tabaci. This was achieved by determining the functional responses of F. vespiformis larvae and adults to the egg and nymphal stages of B. tabaci under laboratory conditions. Analyses consisted of 10 replicates of each predator and prey stage combination on bean leaf discs for a 24-h period. Following logistic regression analyses to determine the functional response type exhibited, response parameters were estimated with nonlinear least squares regression using Roger's equation. Results showed that F. vespiformis larvae and adults exhibited a Type II functional response when feeding on immature B. tabaci. The handling times (Th) of F. vespiformis larvae and adults were magnitudes higher for B. tabaci nymphs than they were for eggs, which were in part driven by the higher attack rates (a) observed on eggs. The maximum attack rate (T/Th) for B. tabaci eggs and nymphs exhibited by first-stage larvae, second-stage larvae, and adult F. vespiformis increased with increasing predator age. Results from this study suggest that F. vespiformis larvae and particularly adults are promising biological control agents for B. tabaci and are efficient predators at both low and high prey densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich N Schoeller
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA
| | - Joshua Hogan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Apopka, Florida, USA
| | - Cindy L McKenzie
- United States Horticultural Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945USA
| | - Lance S Osborne
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Apopka, Florida, USA
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Karthigai Devi S, Banta G, Jindal V. Knockout of ecdysis triggering hormone receptor (ETHr) gene adversely affects the nymphal molting and adult reproduction in Bemisia tabaci. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 199:105766. [PMID: 38458675 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is one of the most dangerous polyphagous pests in the world causing damage to various crops by sucking sap during the nymphal and adult stages. Chemical management of whiteflies is challenging because of the emergence of pesticide resistance. RNA interference has been well established in whitefly to study the functions of various genes. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important targets for development of new generation insecticides. In this study, Ecdysis triggering hormone receptor (ETHr) gene expression was recorded in different stages of whitefly and its function has been studied through RNAi. The expression of ETHr is highest in third-instar nymphs followed by other nymphal instars, pupae and newly emerged adults. Silencing of ETHr resulted in significantly higher adult mortality (68.88%), reduced fecundity (4.46 eggs /female), reduced longevity of male and female (1.05 and 1.40 days, respectively) when adults were fed with dsETHr @ 1.0 μg/μl. Silencing of ETHr in nymphs lead to significantly higher mortality (81.35%) as compared to control. This study confirms that ETHr gene is essential for growth and development of whitefly nymphs and adults. Hence, it can be future target for developing dsRNA based insecticides for management of whitefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karthigai Devi
- Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Geetika Banta
- Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Vikas Jindal
- Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
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Nalla MK, Schafleitner R, Pappu HR, Barchenger DW. Current status, breeding strategies and future prospects for managing chilli leaf curl virus disease and associated begomoviruses in Chilli ( Capsicum spp.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1223982. [PMID: 37936944 PMCID: PMC10626458 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1223982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Chilli leaf curl virus disease caused by begomoviruses, has emerged as a major threat to global chilli production, causing severe yield losses and economic harm. Begomoviruses are a highly successful and emerging group of plant viruses that are primarily transmitted by whiteflies belonging to the Bemisia tabaci complex. The most effective method for mitigating chilli leaf curl virus disease losses is breeding for host resistance to Begomovirus. This review highlights the current situation of chilli leaf curl virus disease and associated begomoviruses in chilli production, stressing the significant issues that breeders and growers confront. In addition, the various breeding methods used to generate begomovirus resistant chilli cultivars, and also the complicated connections between the host plant, vector and the virus are discussed. This review highlights the importance of resistance breeding, emphasising the importance of multidisciplinary approaches that combine the best of traditional breeding with cutting-edge genomic technologies. subsequently, the article highlights the challenges that must be overcome in order to effectively deploy begomovirus resistant chilli varieties across diverse agroecological zones and farming systems, as well as understanding the pathogen thus providing the opportunities for improving the sustainability and profitability of chilli production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Nalla
- World Vegetable Center, South and Central Asia Regional Office, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Hanu R. Pappu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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Yang J, Fu B, Gong P, Zhang C, Wei X, Yin C, Huang M, He C, Du T, Liang J, Liu S, Ji Y, Xue H, Wang C, Hu J, Du H, Zhang R, Yang X, Zhang Y. CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3 mediate thiamethoxam resistance in field whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:1342-1351. [PMID: 37208311 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are well-known for their crucial roles in the detoxification of xenobiotics. However, whether CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3, 2 genes from our Bemisia tabaci (B. tabaci) MED/Q genome data were associated with detoxification metabolism and confer resistance to thiamethoxam is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3 in mediating whitefly thiamethoxam resistance. Our results showed that mRNA levels of CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3 were up-regulated after exposure to thiamethoxam. Transcriptional levels of 2 genes were overexpressed in laboratory and field thiamethoxam resistant strains by RT-qPCR. These results indicate that the enhanced expression of CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3 appears to confer thiamethoxam resistance in B. tabaci. Moreover, linear regression analysis showed that the expression levels of CYP6CX2 and CYP6CX3 were positively correlated with thiamethoxam resistance levels among populations. The susceptibility of whitefly adults was markedly increased after silencing 2 genes by RNA interference (RNAi) which further confirming their major role in thiamethoxam resistance. Our findings provide information to better understand the roles of P450s in resistance to neonicotinoids and suggest that these genes may be applied to develop target genes for sustainable management tactic of agricultural pests such as B. tabaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Buli Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peipan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chengjia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuegao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mingjiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinjin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaonan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - He Du
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Samanta S, Barman M, Thakur H, Chakraborty S, Upadhyaya G, Roy D, Banerjee A, Samanta A, Tarafdar J. Evidence of population expansion and insecticide resistance mechanism in invasive fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). BMC Biotechnol 2023; 23:17. [PMID: 37403038 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-023-00786-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The invasive and calamitous polyphagous pest Spodoptera frugiperda or commonly known as fall armyworm (FAW) poses serious menace to the global agricultural production. Owing to the revamped invasion of FAW in 2018 in India, present study was undertaken for precise assessment of its genetic identity and pesticide resistance to aid in pest-management strategies. RESULTS To evaluate the diversity in FAW population across Eastern India, mitochondrial COI sequences were used which revealed a low nucleotide diversity. Analysis of molecular variance indicated significant genetic variation between four global geographical FAW populations with lowest differentiation between India and Africa suggesting a present-day and shared origin of FAW. The study demonstrated existence of two different strains ('R' strain and 'C' strain) based on COI gene marker. However, discrepancies between COI marker and host plant association of FAW was observed. Characterization of Tpi gene revealed abundance of TpiCa1a followed by TpiCa2b and TpiR1a strains respectively. The FAW population showed higher susceptibility towards chlorantraniliprole and spinetoram than cypermethrin. Insecticide resistance genes depicted marked upregulation although with lot of variance. Chlorantraniliprole resistance ratio (RR) exhibited significant correlation with 1950 (Glutathione S-transferase, GST), 9131 (Cytochrome P450, CYP) and 9360 (CYP) genes, while spinetoram and cypermethrin RR was found to correlate with 1950 (GST) and 9360 (CYP) genes. CONCLUSION This study manifests Indian subcontinent as the potential new hotspot for the growth and distribution of FAW population that can be effectively controlled using chlorantraniliprole and spinetoram. This study also adds novel significant information on FAW population across Eastern India for developing a comprehensive pest management approach for S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Samanta
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Mritunjoy Barman
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
- School of Agriculture Science, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Himanshu Thakur
- Department of Entomology, C.S.K. Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Swati Chakraborty
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Gouranga Upadhyaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Deepayan Roy
- School of Agriculture Science, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Amitava Banerjee
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Arunava Samanta
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayanta Tarafdar
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India.
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Yan Q, Lu X, Zhang Z, Jin Q, Gao R, Li L, Wang H. Synthesis, Bioactivity and Molecular Docking of Nereistoxin Derivatives Containing Phosphonate. Molecules 2023; 28:4846. [PMID: 37375402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel nereistoxin derivatives containing phosphonate were synthesized and characterized via 31P, 1H and 13C NMR and HRMS. The anticholinesterase activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated on human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) using the in vitro Ellman method. Most of the compounds exhibited good inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. All of these compounds were selected to assess their insecticidal activity (in vivo) against Mythimna separata Walker, Myzus persicae Sulzer and Rhopalosiphum padi. Most of the tested compounds displayed potent insecticidal activity against these three species. Compound 7f displayed good activity against all three insect species, showing LC50 values of 136.86 μg/mL for M. separata, 138.37 μg/mL for M. persicae and 131.64 μg/mL for R. padi. Compound 7b had the highest activity against M. persicae and R. padi, with LC50 values of 42.93 μg/mL and 58.19 μg/mL, respectively. Docking studies were performed to speculate the possible binding sites of the compounds and explain the reasons for the activity of the compounds. The results showed that the compounds had lower binding energies with AChE than with the acetylcholine receptor (AchR), suggesting that compounds are more easily bound with AChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Yan
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Xiaogang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Qian Jin
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Runli Gao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Liqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
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Renault D, Elfiky A, Mohamed A. Predicting the insecticide-driven mutations in a crop pest insect: Evidence for multiple polymorphisms of acetylcholinesterase gene with potential relevance for resistance to chemicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:18937-18955. [PMID: 36219281 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The silverleaf whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) is a serious invasive herbivorous insect pest worldwide. The excessive use of pesticides has progressively selected B. tabaci specimens, reducing the effectiveness of the treatments, and ultimately ending in the selection of pesticide-resistant strains. The management of this crop pest has thus become challenging owing to the level of resistance to all major classes of recommended insecticides. Here, we used in silico techniques for detecting sequence polymorphisms in ace1 gene from naturally occurring B. tabaci variants, and monitor the presence and frequency of the detected putative mutations from 30 populations of the silverleaf whitefly from Egypt and Pakistan. We found several point mutations in ace1-type acetylcholinesterase (ace1) in the studied B. tabaci variants naturally occurring in the field. By comparing ace1 sequence data from an organophosphate-susceptible and an organophosphate-resistant strains of B. tabaci to ace1 sequence data retrieved from GenBank for that species and to nucleotide polymorphisms from other arthropods, we identified novel mutations that could potentially influence insecticide resistance. Homology modeling and molecular docking analyses were performed to determine if the mutation-induced changes in form 1 acetylcholinesterase (AChE1) structure could confer resistance to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides. Mutations had small effects on binding energy (ΔGb) interactions between mutant AChE1 and insecticides; they altered the conformation of the peripheral anionic site of AChE1, and modified the enzyme surface, and these changes have potential effects on the target-site sensitivity. Altogether, the results from this study provide information on genic variants of B. tabaci ace1 for future monitoring insecticide resistance development and report a potential case of environmentally driven gene variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Renault
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution), UMR, 6553, Rennes, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - Abdo Elfiky
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Amr Mohamed
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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Qasim Aslam M, Hussain A, Akram A, Hussain S, Zahra Naqvi R, Amin I, Saeed M, Mansoor S. Cotton Mi-1.2-like Gene: A potential source of whitefly resistance. Gene 2023; 851:146983. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Yu Z, Meng F, Ren J, Gao W, Liu X, Xiong L, Yang N, Li Y, Li Z, Fan Z. 3D-QSAR Directed Discovery of Novel Halogenated Phenyl 3-Trifluoroethoxypyrazole Containing Ultrahigh Active Insecticidal Anthranilic Diamides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15665-15681. [PMID: 36503247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pests are one of the major factors causing crop damage and food security problems worldwide. Based on our previous studies on the discovery of insecticidal leads targeting the ryanodine receptors (RyRs), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model was established to design and synthesize a series of anthranilic diamides containing a halogenated phenyl 3-trifluoroethoxypyrazole moiety. The preliminary bioassays disclosed that IIb, IIIb, and IIIf against Mythimna separata showed comparable activity to chloranthraniliprole (LC50: 0.16, 0.16, 0.14, and 0.13 mg·L-1, respectively). More than half of the target compounds displayed good activity against Plutella xylostella, where IIIf was the most active compound, 25 times more active than chloranthraniliprole (LC50: 6.0 × 10-6 versus 1.5 × 10-4 mg·L-1). For Spodoptera frugiperda, IIIf displayed slightly inferior potency to chlorantraniliprole (LC50: 0.47 versus 0.31 mg·L-1). For RyR mutants of S. frugiperda (G4891E, I4734M), compound IIIf could show higher affinity than chlorantraniliprole according to the binding mode and energy in molecular docking experiments. Calcium imaging technique, molecular docking, density functional theory calculations, and electrostatic potential studies validated that the RyR was the target of the most active candidate IIIf, which deserves further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Fanfei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Jinzhou Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Lixia Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Na Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yuxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Zhengming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Zhijin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
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Saleem M, Hussain D, Hasan MU, Sagheer M, Ghouse G, Zubair M, Brown J, Cheema SA. Differential insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) field populations in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12010. [PMID: 36544822 PMCID: PMC9761603 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) has a propensity for developing high-level resistance to insecticides. Management of B. tabaci in cotton grown in Pakistan depends on insecticide use, resistance monitoring has become essential to minimize the development of resistance. In this study, resistance was monitored in adult whiteflies collected from cotton fields in the Bahawalpur, Faisalabad, Lodhran, Multan, and Vehari districts of the Punjab Province, Pakistan during 2017, 2018, and 2019. Resistance monitoring was carried out for two insect growth regulators (pyriproxyfen and buprofezin) four neonicotinoids acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, and the historically used pyrethroid, bifenthrin and organophosphate, chlorpyrifos. Results based on resistance ratio (RR) showed that moderate to high level of resistance against noenicitinoids insecticides have been observed in all four districts while whiteflies exhibited very low to low resistance to pyriproxyfen and buprofezin. The RRs for acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid varied from 7.60 to 50.99, 19.32 to 65.72, 17.18 to 54.65 and 6.49-47.49-fold, respectively. Bifenthrin and chlorpyrifos showed very low toxicity against whiteflies in all districts except Faisalabad, with RRs of 12.28-50.56-fold and 7.94-26.24-fold, respectively. The results will facilitate 'smart' selection and guide rates of insecticide applications for whitefly management in cotton for effective whitefly management while also delaying the development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Dilbar Hussain
- Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mansoor ul Hasan
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sagheer
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Ghouse
- Pest Warning & Quality Control of Pesticide, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Oil Seed Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - J.K. Brown
- School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721 USA
| | - Sikander Ali Cheema
- Oil Seed Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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12
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Christofoli M, Costa ECC, Peixoto MF, Alves CCF, Costa AC, Fernandes JB, Forim MR, Araújo WL, de Melo Cazal C. Nanoparticles Loaded with Essential Oil from Zanthoxylum riedelianum Engl. Leaves: Characterization and Effects on Bemisia tabaci Middle-East Asia Minor 1. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:761-776. [PMID: 35948802 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-022-00980-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Middle-East Asia Minor 1 is a major pest of agricultural production systems. It is controlled by synthetic insecticides. Essential oils are promising eco-friendly alternatives. This study developed and characterized nanoparticles loaded with essential oils of Zanthoxylum riedelianum Engl. (Rutaceae) leaves and evaluated their potential for B. tabaci management. The essential oil exhibited an average yield of 0.02% (w w-1) and showed as major components γ-elemene (24.81%), phytol (18.16%), bicyclogermacrene (16.18%), cis-nerolidol (8.26%), and D-germacrene (6.52%). Characterization of the nanoparticles showed a pH between 4.5 and 6.7, a zeta potential of approximately - 25 mV, particle-size distribution ranging from 450 to 550 nm, and encapsulation efficiency close to 98%. The nanoencapsulation was an efficient process that provided photostability against photodegradation. Bioassays with crude and nanoencapsulated essential oils significantly reduced the number of nymphs and eggs of B. tabaci, with the best results observed at concentrations of 5 and 2% (v v-1). Our results demonstrated that essential oils from Z. riedelianum can be nanoformulated resulting in a stable product while maintaining their biological activity against B. tabaci Middle-East Asia Minor 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Christofoli
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Goiano, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cristiane de Melo Cazal
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Minas Gerais - Campus Barbacena, Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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13
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Leiva AM, Chittarath K, Lopez-Alvarez D, Vongphachanh P, Gomez MI, Sengsay S, Wang XW, Rodriguez R, Newby J, Cuellar WJ. Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Associated with Cassava in Lao PDR. INSECTS 2022; 13:861. [PMID: 36292809 PMCID: PMC9604212 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD) caused by Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV), has rapidly spread in Southeast Asia (SEA) since 2016. Recently it has been documented in Lao PDR. Previous reports have identified whitefly species of B. tabaci as potential vectors of CMD in SEA, but their occurrence and distribution in cassava fields is not well known. We conducted a countrywide survey in Lao PDR for adult whiteflies in cassava fields, and determined the abundance and genetic diversity of the B. tabaci species complex using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) sequencing. In order to expedite the process, PCR amplifications were performed directly on whitefly adults without DNA extraction, and mtCOI sequences obtained using nanopore portable-sequencing technology. Low whitefly abundances and two cryptic species of the B. tabaci complex, Asia II 1 and Asia II 6, were identified. This is the first work on abundance and genetic identification of whiteflies associated with cassava in Lao PDR. This study indicates currently only a secondary role for Asia II in spreading CMD or as a pest. Routine monitoring and transmission studies on Asia II 6 should be carried out to establish its potential role as a vector of SLCMV in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Leiva
- Cassava Program, Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), The Americas Hub, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, Cali 763537, Colombia
| | - Khonesavanh Chittarath
- Plant Protection Center (PPC), Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane P.O. Box 811, Laos
| | - Diana Lopez-Alvarez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia UNAL-Palmira, Palmira 763533, Colombia
| | - Pinkham Vongphachanh
- Plant Protection Center (PPC), Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane P.O. Box 811, Laos
| | - Maria Isabel Gomez
- Cassava Program, Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), The Americas Hub, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, Cali 763537, Colombia
| | - Somkhit Sengsay
- Plant Protection Center (PPC), Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane P.O. Box 811, Laos
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Rafael Rodriguez
- Cassava Program, Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), The Americas Hub, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, Cali 763537, Colombia
| | - Jonathan Newby
- Cassava Program Asia Office, Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Laos Country Office, Vientiane P.O. Box 783, Laos
| | - Wilmer J. Cuellar
- Cassava Program, Crops for Nutrition and Health, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), The Americas Hub, Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, Cali 763537, Colombia
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14
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Singh Brar G, Singh S, Nath Shukla J, Kumar V, Emyr Davies TG, Kaur G, Pandher S, Kaur R. doublesex homolog is sex-specifically spliced and governs the sexual differentiation process in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotype AsiaII-1. Gene 2022; 850:146929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Sain SK, Monga D, Kranthi S, Hiremani NS, Nagrale DT, Kumar R, Verma SK, Prasad YG. Evaluation of the Bioefficacy and Insecticide Compatibility of Entomopathogens for Management of Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on Upland Cotton Under Laboratory and Polyhouse Conditions. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:600-612. [PMID: 35680781 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-022-00964-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Entomopathogens (EPFs) are potential alternatives to chemical insecticides for managing Bemisia tabaci (Genn.), an invasive pest of the cotton crop. EPFs alone may not always provide enough insect pest control, but combining EPFs with pesticides, provided both components are compatible, can make an integrated pest management program considerably more effective. Hence, the bioefficacy of EPFs against whitefly, their compatibility with pesticides, and the factors responsible for determining compatibility were studied. The highest nymphal mortality was recorded with the Beauveria bassiana strains Bb-4511 (95.1%) and Bb-4565 (89.9%), and Metarhizium anisopliae Ma-1299 (86.7%) at 1 × 106 conidia ml-1. Lower LC50 values were observed for Cordyceps javanica Cj-089 and Bb-4511, 0.2 × 104 and 0.5 × 104 conidia ml-1, respectively. The toxicity index values in insecticide sensitivity assays ranged from 19.4 to 119.6% among all the EPFs. Comparatively, all the EPFs except Bb-4543 and Bb-4565 showed compatible to moderately toxic reactions to neonicotinoids and spinosyns. Organophosphates (ethion) and pyrethrins (bifenthrin) were toxic to very toxic to all the EPFs except Bb-4511, Fv-083, and Ma-1299. Cj-102 and Cj-089 were compatible with 50% of the average recommended dose of bifenthrin and ethion, and the average recommended dose for the field application of neonicotinoids and spinosyns. Principal component analysis showed that spore production and toxicity index values correlate with each other and are responsible for determining the EPF compatibility with insecticides. The EPF spore production and toxicity index are important factors for determining chemical compatibility. Compatible EPFs can be used individually or in combination as promising and compatible biological alternatives to insecticides in the management of whitefly in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Sain
- ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, India.
| | - Dilip Monga
- ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Sandhya Kranthi
- International Cotton Advisory Committee, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Rishi Kumar
- ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Surender Kumar Verma
- ICAR - Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, India
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16
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Barman M, Samanta S, Upadhyaya G, Thakur H, Chakraborty S, Samanta A, Tarafdar J. Unraveling the Basis of Neonicotinoid Resistance in Whitefly Species Complex: Role of Endosymbiotic Bacteria and Insecticide Resistance Genes. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:901793. [PMID: 35814684 PMCID: PMC9260502 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.901793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (whitefly) is one of the most detrimental agricultural insect pests and vectors of many plant viruses distributed worldwide. Knowledge of the distribution patterns and insecticide resistance of this cryptic species is crucial for its management. In this study, genetic variation of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (MtCoI) gene of B. tabaci was analyzed followed by a study of the infection profile of various endosymbionts in 26 whitefly populations collected from West Bengal, India. Phylogenetic analysis revealed Asia I as the major cryptic species (65.38%), followed by Asia II 5, China 3, and Asia II 7, which were diversified into 20 different haplotypes. In addition to the primary endosymbiont (C. poriera), each of the four whitefly species showed a variable population of three secondary endosymbionts, majorly Arsenophonus with the highest infection rate (73.07%), followed by Wolbachia and Rickettsia. Further phylogenetic analyses revealed the presence of two subgroups of Arsenophonus, viz., A1 and A2, and one each in Wolbachia (W1) and Rickettsia (R3). Resistance to thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, and acetamiprid insecticides was analyzed for a clear picture of pesticide resistance status. The highest susceptibility was noted toward thiamethoxam (LC50 = 5.36 mg/L), followed by imidacloprid and acetamiprid. The whitefly population from Purulia and Hooghly districts bearing Asia II 7 and Asia II 5 cryptic species, respectively, shows maximum resistance. The differences in mean relative titer of four symbiotic bacteria among field populations varied considerably; however, a significant positive linear correlation was observed between the resistance level and relative titer of Arsenophonus and Wolbachia in the case of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, while only Wolbachia was found in case of acetamiprid. Expression analysis demonstrated differential upregulation of insecticide resistance genes with Purulia and Hooghly populations showing maximally upregulated P450 genes. Moreover, thiamethoxam and imidacloprid resistance ratio (RR) showed a significant correlation with CYP6CM1, CYP6DZ7, and CYP4C64 genes, while acetamiprid RR correlated with CYP6CX1, CYP6DW2, CYP6DZ7, and CYP4C64 genes. Taken together, these findings suggested that P450 mono-oxygenase and symbiotic bacteria together affected whitefly resistance to neonicotinoids. Hence, a symbiont-oriented management programme could be a better alternative to control or delay resistance development in whitefly and can be used for pesticide clean-up in an agricultural field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mritunjoy Barman
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, India
| | - Snigdha Samanta
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, India
| | - Gouranga Upadhyaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Kolkata, India
- *Correspondence: Gouranga Upadhyaya
| | - Himanshu Thakur
- Department of Entomology, C.S.K. Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India
| | - Swati Chakraborty
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, India
| | - Arunava Samanta
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, India
| | - Jayanta Tarafdar
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, India
- Jayanta Tarafdar
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17
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Aslam MQ, Naqvi RZ, Zaidi SSEA, Asif M, Akhter KP, Scheffler BE, Scheffler JA, Liu SS, Amin I, Mansoor S. Analysis of a tetraploid cotton line Mac7 transcriptome reveals mechanisms underlying resistance against the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Gene 2022; 820:146200. [PMID: 35131368 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Whitefly inflicts both direct and indirect losses to cotton crop. Whitefly resistant cotton germplasm is a high priority and considered among the best possible solutions to mitigate this issue. In this study, we evaluated cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) resistant cotton line Mac7 under whitefly stress. Furthermore, we utilized the already available transcriptome data of Mac7 concerning whitefly stress to elucidate associated mechanisms and identify functionally important genes in cotton. In transcriptomic data analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found involved in complex relay pathways, activated on whitefly exposure. The response implicates signalling through resistance genes (R-genes), MAPK, ROS, VQs or RLKs, transcription factors, which leads to the activation of defence responses including, Ca2+messengers, phytohormonal cross-talk, gossypol, flavonoids, PhasiRNA and susceptibility genes (S-genes). The qRT-PCR assay of 10 functionally important genes also showed their involvement in differential responses at 24 and 48 h post whitefly infestation. Briefly, our study helps in understanding the resistant nature of Mac7 under whitefly stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qasim Aslam
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rubab Zahra Naqvi
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Asif
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Brian E Scheffler
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), 141 Experimental Station Road, Stoneville, MS, United States
| | - Jodi A Scheffler
- Crop Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), 141 Experimental Station Road, Stoneville, MS, United States
| | - Shu-Sheng Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Imran Amin
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of PIEAS, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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18
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Molecular mapping of CLCuD resistance introgressed from synthetic cotton polyploid in upland cotton. J Genet 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-022-01365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Wang Y, Wilson AE, Liu N. A New Method to Address the Importance of Detoxified Enzyme in Insecticide Resistance – Meta-Analysis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:818531. [PMID: 35309076 PMCID: PMC8924616 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.818531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect-borne diseases, such as malaria, and plant pathogens, like the tobacco mosaic virus, are responsible for human deaths and poor crop yields in communities around the world. The use of insecticides has been one of the major tools in pest control. However, the development of insecticide resistance has been a major problem in the control of insect pest populations that threaten the health of both humans and plants. The overexpression of detoxification genes is thought to be one of the major mechanisms through which pests develop resistance to insecticides. Hundreds of research papers have explored how overexpressed detoxification genes increase the resistance status of insects to an insecticide in recent years. This study is, for the first time, a synthesis of these resistance and gene expression data aimed at (1) setting up an example for the application of meta-analysis in the investigation of the mechanisms of insecticide resistance and (2) seeking to determine if the overexpression detoxification genes are responsible for insecticide resistance in insect pests in general. A strong correlation of increased levels of insecticide resistance has been observed in tested insects with cytochrome P450 (CYP), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and esterase gene superfamilies, confirming that the overexpression of detoxification genes is indeed involved in the insecticide resistance through the increased metabolism of insecticides of insects, including medically (e.g., mosquito and housefly) and agriculturally (e.g., planthopper and caterpillar) important insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Alan E. Wilson
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Nannan Liu
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Nannan Liu,
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20
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Dominance of Asia II 1 species of Bemisia tabaci in Pakistan and beyond. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1528. [PMID: 35087224 PMCID: PMC8795192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05612-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is one of the most important insect pests of crops that causes huge economical losses. The current study was designed to exclusively screen the B. tabaci species in the cotton field of Pakistan during 2017–2020 and have to conduct comparative analysis of B. tabaci species in Asia where Asia II 1 has been reported. A total of 5142 B. tabaci sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (mtCO1) from Asian countries were analyzed to determine the species and their distribution in the region. Our analysis over time and space showed that Asia II 1 has gradually dominated over Asia 1 in Punjab Province and over both Asia 1 and MEAM1 in Sindh Province. Asia has been divided into three regions i.e., South Asia (2524 sequences), Southeast Asia (757 sequences) and East Asia (1569 sequences) and dominance of different species of B. tabaci has been determined by calculating the relative percentage of each species. Interestingly, Asia II 1 has been found dominant in the neighboring region (northern zone) of India and also being dominant in its central zone. The dominance of Asia II 1 in Pakistan and northern India explains whitefly epidemic being reported in recent years.
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21
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Mangat HK, Rani M, Pathak RK, Yadav IS, Utreja D, Chhuneja PK, Chhuneja P. Virtual screening, molecular dynamics and binding energy-MM-PBSA studies of natural compounds to identify potential EcR inhibitors against Bemisia tabaci Gennadius. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261545. [PMID: 35061725 PMCID: PMC8782374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) is a hemipteran phyto polyphagous sucking insect pest which is an important pest of cotton that causes economic losses to the crop by reducing its yield and quality. Ecdysteroids such as 20-hydroxy ecdysone (20-E), play a significant role in larval moulting, development, and reproduction in pterygota insects. Receptor of 20-E, that is Ecdysone Receptor (BtEcR) of Bemisia tabaci has been targeted to prevent fundamental developmental processes. To identify potent inhibitors of BtEcr, 98,072 natural compounds were retrieved from ZINC database. A structure-based virtual screening of these compounds was performed for evaluating their binding affinity to BtEcR, and top two compounds (ZINC08952607 and ZINC04264850) selected based on lowest binding energy. Molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) study was performed for analyzing the dynamics and stability of BtEcR and top-scoring ligand-BtEcR complexes at 50 ns. Besides, g_mmpbsa tool was also used to calculate and analyse the binding free energy of BtEcR-ligand complexes. Compounds ZINC08952607 and ZINC04264850 had shown a binding free energy of -170.156 kJ mol-1 and -200.349 kJ mol-1 in complex with BtEcR respectively. Thus, these compounds can be utilized as lead for the development of environmentally safe insecticides against the whitefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmilan Kaur Mangat
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Manisha Rani
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Pathak
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Inderjit Singh Yadav
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Divya Utreja
- Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | | | - Parveen Chhuneja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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22
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Prasad A, Sharma N, Chirom O, Prasad M. The sly-miR166-SlyHB module acts as a susceptibility factor during ToLCNDV infection. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:233-242. [PMID: 34636959 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03962-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The role of miRNAs during viral pathogenesis is poorly understood in plants. Here, we demonstrate a miRNA/target module that acts as a susceptibility factor during ToLCNDV infection. Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a devastating pathogen that causes huge crop loss. It is spreading to new geographical locations at a very rapid rate-raising serious concerns. Evolution of insecticidal resistance in Bemisia tabaci which acts as the carrier for ToLCNDV has made insect control very difficult in the recent years. Thus, it is important that the host molecular mechanisms associated with ToLCNDV resistance/susceptibility are investigated to develop management strategies. In our study, we have identified that sly-miR166/SlyHB module acts as a susceptibility factor to ToLCNDV in Solanum lycopersicum. Sly-miR166 is differentially regulated upon ToLCNDV infection in two contrasting tomato cultivars; H-88-78-1 (tolerant to ToLCNDV) and Punjab Chhuhara (susceptible to ToLCNDV). Expression analysis of predicted sly-miR166 targets revealed that the expression of SlyHB is negatively correlated with its corresponding miRNA. Virus-induced gene silencing of SlyHB in the susceptible tomato cultivar resulted in the decrease in disease severity suggesting that SlyHB is a negative regulator of plant defence. In summary, our study highlights a miRNA/target module that acts as a susceptibility factor during ToLCNDV infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that highlights the role of sly-miR166/SlyHB module in ToLCNDV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Namisha Sharma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Oceania Chirom
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India.
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Evaluation of Resistance Development in Bemisia tabaci Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12110996. [PMID: 34821796 PMCID: PMC8623801 DOI: 10.3390/insects12110996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary In the tropical and sub-tropical regions of Asia, Africa, and America, the Bemisia tabaci (cotton whitefly) has attained a major pest status of cotton. It produces injury to the plant by feeding, excreting honeydews, and by transmitting viruses on many crops. The heavy application of insecticides for controlling the insect pest is one of the main reasons for the outbreaks of whitefly. Due to several reports of control failure of the whitefly, the present study was conducted to evaluate the resistance development in B. tabaci. Therefore, the field population of B. tabaci was collected, and the resistance development was evaluated against the commonly used insecticides. For evaluating the development of resistance, the B. tabaci was selected with the insecticides under the controlled laboratory conditions. The data of mortality was calculated at each generation, and the overall development of resistance up to five generations was evaluated. Results showed that the field collected population was susceptible to the selected insecticides at G1, indicating their effectiveness. However, a continuous selection for only five generations resulted in a significant increase in the resistance development. The present study provided very valuable information on the resistance development in B. tabaci. Abstract Cotton is a major crop of Pakistan, and Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) is a major pest of cotton. Due to the unwise and indiscriminate use of insecticides, resistance develops more readily in the whitefly. The present study was conducted to evaluate the resistance development in the whitefly against the different insecticides that are still in use. For this purpose, the whitefly population was selected with five concentrations of each insecticide, for five generations. At G1, compared with the laboratory susceptible population, a very low level of resistance was observed against bifenthrin, cypermethrin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, chlorfenapyr, and buprofezin with a resistance ratio of 3-fold, 2-fold, 1-fold, 4-fold, 3-fold, 3-fold, 3-fold, and 3-fold, respectively. However, the selection for five generations increased the resistance to a very high level against buprofezin (127-fold), and to a high level against imidacloprid (86-fold) compared with the laboratory susceptible population. While, a moderate level of resistance was observed against cypermethrin (34-fold), thiamethoxam (34-fold), nitenpyram (30-fold), chlorfenapyr (29-fold), and acetamiprid (21-fold). On the other hand, the resistance was low against bifenthrin (18-fold) after selection for five generations. A very low level of resistance against the field population of B. tabaci, at G1, showed that these insecticides are still effective, and thus can be used under the field conditions for the management of B. tabaci. However, the proper rotation of insecticides among different groups can help to reduce the development of resistance against insecticides.
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Suhag A, Yadav H, Chaudhary D, Subramanian S, Jaiwal R, Jaiwal PK. Biotechnological interventions for the sustainable management of a global pest, whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1228-1252. [PMID: 32696581 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) are polyphagous invasive hemipteran insects that cause serious losses of important crops by directly feeding on phloem sap and transmitting pathogenic viruses. These insects have emerged as a major threat to global agriculture and food security. Chemically synthesized insecticides are currently the only option to control whiteflies, but the ability of whiteflies to evolve resistance against insecticides has made the management of these insects very difficult. Natural host-plant resistance against whiteflies identified in some crop plants has not been exploited to a great extent. Genetic engineering approaches, such as transgenics and RNA interference (RNAi), are potentially useful for the control of whiteflies. Transgenic plants harboring insecticidal toxins/lectins developed via nuclear or chloroplast transformation are a promising vehicle for whitefly control. Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) of several insect genes, delivered either through microinjection into the insect body cavity or orally via an artificial diet and transiently or stably expressed in transgenic plants, have controlled whiteflies in model plants and in some crops at the laboratory level, but not at the field level. In this review, we highlight the merits and demerits of each delivery method along with strategies for sustained delivery of dsRNAs via fungal entomopathogen/endosymbiont or nontransgenic RNAi approaches, foliar sprays, root absorption or nanocarriers as well as the factors affecting efficient RNAi and their biosafety issues. Genome sequencing and transcriptome studies of whitefly species are facilitating the selection of appropriate genes for RNAi and gene-editing technology for the efficient and resilient management of whiteflies and their transmitted viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archna Suhag
- Department of Zoology, M.D. University, Rohtak, India
| | - Honey Yadav
- Centre for Biotechnology, M.D. University, Rohtak, India
| | | | - S Subramanian
- Division of Entomology, Indian Agriculture Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Pawan K Jaiwal
- Centre for Biotechnology, M.D. University, Rohtak, India
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Naga KC, Siddappa S, Kumar R, Tiwari RK, Subhash S, Verma G, Buckseth T, Bairwa A, Sharma S, Katare S, Srivastava RM, Bansode GM, Sarkar A, Patel JK. A new record of Asia II 5 genetic group of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in the major potato growing areas of India and its relationship with tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infecting potato. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:421. [PMID: 34603921 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02966-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), is responsible for significant yield losses in many crops, including potato, by sucking the phloem sap and transmitting a number of plant viruses. B. tabaci is a complex of cryptic species which is commonly designated as genetic groups. The B. tabaci genetic groups differ biologically with respect to host plant preference, insecticidal resistance, reproduction capacity, and ability to transmit begomoviruses. Therefore, understanding genetic variation among populations is important for establishing crop-specific distribution profile and management. We sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene of B. tabaci collected from major potato growing areas of India. BLAST analysis of the 24 mtCOI sequences with reference Gene Bank sequences revealed four B. tabaci genetic groups prevailing in this region. mtCOI analysis exhibited the presence of Asia II 1, Asia II 5, Asia 1, and MEAM1 B. tabaci genetic groups. Our study highlighted that a new genetic group Asia II 5 has been detected in Indo-Gangetic Plains. Further virus-vector relationship study of ToLCNDV with Asia II 5 B. tabaci revealed that females are efficient vector of this virus as compared to males. This behavior of females might be due to their ability to acquire more virus titer than males. This study will help in better understanding of whitefly genetic group mediated virus diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash C Naga
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Sundaresha Siddappa
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Rahul K Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - S Subhash
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Modipuram, Uttar Pradesh 250110 India
| | - Gaurav Verma
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Tanuja Buckseth
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Aarti Bairwa
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Sanjeev Sharma
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171001 India
| | - Subhash Katare
- Central Potato Research Station, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh 474 020 India
| | - R M Srivastava
- GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 India
| | - G M Bansode
- Regional Fruit Research Station, National Agricultural Research Project, Pune, Maharashtra 411 007 India
| | - Anirban Sarkar
- BC Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal 741 235 India
| | - J K Patel
- Potato Research Station, Sardar Krushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Deesa, Gujarat 385 535 India
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Effect of Neonicotinoids on Bacterial Symbionts and Insecticide-Resistant Gene in Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12080742. [PMID: 34442312 PMCID: PMC8397095 DOI: 10.3390/insects12080742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is a major threat to field and horticultural crops worldwide. Persistent use of insecticides for the management of this pest is a lingering problem. In the present study, the status of sensitivity of B. tabaci to two neonicotinoids, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, was evaluated. The expression pattern of two cytochrome P450 (cyp) genes and changes in the relative amount of symbionts in insecticide-treated B. tabaci were also assessed. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) studies indicate that the CYP6CM1 and CYP6CX1 genes were always expressed higher in imidacloprid-treated whitefly, suggesting a correlation between gene expression and the insect's ability to detoxify toxic compounds such as insecticides. In addition, the thiamethoxam-treated population harbored higher Portiera and lower Rickettsia titers, whereas the imidacloprid-treated population harbored more Rickettsia at different time intervals. Interestingly, we also examined that an increase in exposure to both the insecticides resulted in a reduction in the mutualistic partners from their insect host. These differential responses of endosymbionts to insecticide exposure imply the complex interactions among the symbionts inside the host insect. The results also provide a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of resistance development that might be useful for formulating effective management strategies to control B. tabaci by manipulating symbionts and detoxifying genes.
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Dângelo RAC, Michereff-Filho M, Inoue-Nagata AK, da Silva PS, Chediak M, Guedes RNC. Area-wide insecticide resistance and endosymbiont incidence in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (B biotype): A Neotropical context. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1056-1070. [PMID: 34152527 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02432-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture insecticides are used against insect pest species, but are able to change community structure in contaminated habitats, and also the genetic pool of exposed individuals. In fact, the latter effect is a relevant tool to in situ biomonitoring of pollutant contamination and impact, besides its practical economic and management concerns. This takes place because the emergence of individuals with resistance to insecticides is particularly frequent among insect pest species and usually enhances insecticide overuse and crop losses. Pest insects of global prominence such as whiteflies are a focus of attention due to problems with insecticide resistance and association with endosymbionts, as the case of the invasive putative species Bemisia tabaci MEAM1. The scenario is particularly complex in the Neotropics, where insecticide use is ubiquitous, but whose spatial scale of occurrence is usually neglected. Here we explored the spatial-dependence of both phenomena in MEAM1 whiteflies recording resistance to two widely used insecticides, lambda-cyhalothrin and spiromesifen, and endosymbiont co-occurrence. Resistance to both insecticides was frequent exhibiting low to moderate frequency of lambda-cyhalothrin resistance and moderate to high frequency of spiromesifen resistance. Among the prevailing whitefly endosymbionts, Wolbachia, Cardinium and Arsenophonus were markedly absent. In contrast, Hamiltonella and Rickettsia prevailed and their incidence was correlated. Furthermore, Rickettsia endosymbionts were particularly associated with lambda-cyhalothrin susceptibility. These traits were spatially dependent with significant variation taking place within an area of about 700 Km2. Such findings reinforce the notion of endosymbiont-associated resistance to insecticides, and also of their local incidence allowing spatial mapping and locally-targeted mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A C Dângelo
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - M Michereff-Filho
- EMBRAPA Hortaliças, Rod. BR-060, Km 09 (Brasília/Anápolis), Cx. Postal 218, Brasília, DF, 70275-970, Brazil
| | - A K Inoue-Nagata
- EMBRAPA Hortaliças, Rod. BR-060, Km 09 (Brasília/Anápolis), Cx. Postal 218, Brasília, DF, 70275-970, Brazil
| | - P S da Silva
- EMBRAPA Hortaliças, Rod. BR-060, Km 09 (Brasília/Anápolis), Cx. Postal 218, Brasília, DF, 70275-970, Brazil
| | - M Chediak
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
- ENTO+, Av. Oraida Mendes de Castro 6000, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - R N C Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
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Park Y, Kim S, Lee SH, Lee JH. Insecticide resistance trait may contribute to genetic cluster change in Bemisia tabaci MED (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) as a potential driving force. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3581-3587. [PMID: 33843146 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we reported that the majority of the Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean (MED) populations converged from two dominant genetic clusters (cluster 1 and 2) to one (cluster 2) during 1 year in greenhouse tomatoes in Korea. To find possible mechanisms for this phenomenon, we investigated the concurrent changes in resistance traits of the two clusters for three insecticide classes (organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid). RESULTS Since the resistance mutation frequencies in regional samples were either high (i.e. the voltage-sensitive sodium channel L925I/T929V mutations and the F392 acetylcholinesterase 1 mutation) or zero (the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor R81T mutation), no meaningful correlation between the resistance allele frequency and genetic cluster was deduced. However, the actual resistance levels to all three insecticide classes were significantly higher in cluster 2 than in cluster 1, suggesting that cluster 2 has a higher resistance potential. Furthermore, thiamethoxam treatment to the mixed population of clusters 1 and 2 over three generations exhibited a strong tendency of population change from cluster 1 to cluster 2. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that the insecticide resistance trait is one of the driving forces for rapid genetic cluster change in B. tabaci MED populations. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Park
- Entomology Program, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sanghyeon Kim
- Entomology Program, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Si Hyeock Lee
- Entomology Program, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon-Ho Lee
- Entomology Program, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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29
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Al Khoury C, Nemer N, Nemer G. Beauvericin potentiates the activity of pesticides by neutralizing the ATP-binding cassette transporters in arthropods. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10865. [PMID: 34035330 PMCID: PMC8149815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89622-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistance is posing major challenges in suppressing the population of pests. Many herbivores develop resistance, causing a prolonged survival after exposure to a previously effective pesticide. Consequently, resistant pests reduce the yield of agricultural production, causing significant economic losses and reducing food security. Therefore, overpowering resistance acquisition of crop pests is a must. The ATP binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) are considered as the main participants to the pesticide efflux and their neutralization will greatly contribute to potentiate failed treatments. Real-Time PCR analysis of 19 ABC transporter genes belonging to the ABCB, ABCC, ABCG, and ABCH revealed that a broad range of efflux pumps is activated in response to the exposure to pesticides. In this study, we used beauvericin (BEA), a known ABC transporters modulator, to resensitize different strains of Tetranychus urticae after artificial selection for resistance to cyflumetofen, bifenazate, and abamectin. Our results showed that the combinatorial treatment of pesticide (manufacturer's recommended doses) + BEA (sublethal doses: 0.15 mg/L) significantly suppressed the resistant populations of T. urticae when compared to single-drug treatments. Moreover, after selective pressure for 40 generations, the LC50 values were significantly reduced from 36.5, 44.7, and 94.5 (pesticide) to 8.3, 12.5, and 23.4 (pesticide + BEA) for cyflumetofen, bifenazate, and abamectin, respectively. While the downstream targets for BEA are still elusive, we demonstrated hereby that it synergizes with sub-lethal doses of different pesticides and increases their effect by inhibiting ABC transporters. This is the first report to document such combinatorial activity of BEA against higher invertebrates paving the way for its usage in treating refractory cases of resistance to pesticides. Moreover, we demonstrated, for the first time, using in silico techniques, the higher affinity of BEA to ABC transformers subfamilies when compared to xenobiotics; thus, elucidating the pathway of the mycotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charbel Al Khoury
- grid.411323.60000 0001 2324 5973Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos Campus, P.O. Box 36, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Nabil Nemer
- grid.444434.70000 0001 2106 3658Department of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Georges Nemer
- grid.22903.3a0000 0004 1936 9801Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 110236, Beirut, Lebanon ,grid.452146.00000 0004 1789 3191Division of Genomics and Translational Biomedicine, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
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30
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Sain SK, Monga D, Hiremani NS, Nagrale DT, Kranthi S, Kumar R, Kranthi KR, Tuteja OP, Waghmare VN. Evaluation of bioefficacy potential of entomopathogenic fungi against the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) on cotton under polyhouse and field conditions. J Invertebr Pathol 2021; 183:107618. [PMID: 33992641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2021.107618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is becoming a serious problem on Bt cotton. It causes enormous crop loss through its direct feeding and as a vector of cotton leaf curl virus. Chemical-dependent management is harming the environment and increased insecticide resistance is often observed in the fields. Identification of most virulent strains of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) is essential to serve as an important component of an IPM program for management of B. tabaci. Compared to B. tabaci adults, the nymphal stage is reported to be more susceptible to entomopathogens, and targeting nymphs also helps vector management. We evaluated the bioefficacy of EPF and chemical pesticides against nymphs of B. tabaci on Bt cotton under polyhouse and field conditions. The bioefficacy index (BI) was considered as a mechanism to select the most effective EPF strains for field evaluation. The highest nymphal mortality under polyhouse conditions was recorded for Metarhizium anisopliae NA-01299 (86.7%), Beauveria bassiana MT-4511 (85.1%), Cordyceps javanica IT-10498 (81.1%), IT-10499 (81%), and B. bassiana NA-0409 (78.2%) relative to other EPF strains, spiromesifen (69.6%), buprofezin (62.2%) and pyriproxyfen (52.7%) at 7-days-post-spray treatment (DAS). However, among all the EPF, the highest BI was recorded in C. javanica IT-10499 (77%), IT-10495 (75.4%), Fusarium verticillioides IT-10493 (74.6%), and B. bassiana MT-4511 (73.1%). The pooled data of two-year field trials (2017-18 & 2018-19) revealed that the highest nymphal mortality was recorded for MT-4511 (85%), IT-10499 (83.2%), and pyriproxyfen 10% EC (78.6%) at 7-DAS. The BI-based selection of EPF proved to be a useful predictor of field efficacy. A sequential spray of the selected EPF would be a vital approach for resilient and sustainable integrated management of the B. tabaci nymphal population under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Sain
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, India.
| | - Dilip Monga
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | | | - Dipak T Nagrale
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sandhya Kranthi
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India; Technical Information Section of International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC), Washington D.C., USA
| | - Rishi Kumar
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Keshav Raj Kranthi
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India; Technical Information Section of International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC), Washington D.C., USA
| | - O P Tuteja
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Vijay N Waghmare
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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Das A, Roy A, Mandal A, Mondal HA, Hess D, Kundu P, Das S. Inhibition of Bemisia tabaci vectored, GroEL mediated transmission of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus by garlic leaf lectin (Allium sativum leaf agglutinin). Virus Res 2021; 300:198443. [PMID: 33940005 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
GroEL or symbionin synthesized by the endosymbionts of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)/ aphids play a cardinal role in the persistent, circulative transmission of plant viruses by binding to viral coat protein/ read-through protein. Allium sativum leaf agglutinin (ASAL), a Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA)- related mannose-binding lectin from garlic leaf has been reported as a potent controlling agent against hemipteran insects including whitefly and aphids. GroEL related chaperonin- symbionin was previously identified as a receptor of ASAL by the present group in the brush border membrane vesicle (BBMV) of mustard aphid. In the present study similar GroEL receptor of ASAL has been identified through LC-MS/MS in the BBMV of B. tabaci which serves as a vector for several plant viruses including tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV). Ligand blot analysis of ASAL-fed B. tabaci showed that when GroEL is pre-occupied by ASAL, it completely blocks its further binding to ToLCNDV coat protein (ToLCNDV-CP). Prior feeding of ASAL hindered the co-localization of ToLCNDV-CP and GroEL in the midgut of B. tabaci. Immunoprecipitation followed by western blot with ASAL-fed B. tabaci yielded similar result. Moreover, ASAL feeding inhibited viral transmission by B. tabaci. Together, these results confirmed that the interaction of ASAL with GroEL interferes with the binding of ToLCNDV-CP and inhibits further B. tabaci mediated viral transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Das
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, P1/12, C. I. T Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India; Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India(1).
| | - Amit Roy
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, P1/12, C. I. T Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Excellent Team for Mitigation (ETM), Kamýcká 129, CZ - 165 00 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic(1).
| | - Arunava Mandal
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, P1/12, C. I. T Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India; Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, Tarknath Palit Siksha Prangan, UCSTA, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India(1).
| | - Hossian Ali Mondal
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, P1/12, C. I. T Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India; School of Crop Improvement, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India(1).
| | - Daniel Hess
- The Protein Analysis Facility, Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research Maulbeerstr. 66, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Pallob Kundu
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, P1/12, C. I. T Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sampa Das
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, P1/12, C. I. T Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
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Dixit S, Thakur N, Shukla A, Upadhyay SK, C Verma P. Molecular characterization of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor from Bemisia tabaci. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 30:231-240. [PMID: 33368750 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are ionotropic ligand gated channels that are highly permeable to calcium ions. In insects, NMDARs are associated with glutamatergic neurotransmission governing diverse physiological and biological processes like vitellogenesis and ovarian development. Therefore, NMDAR may act as attractive target for insect pest control. In present study, we performed structural and functional characterization of NMDARs in Bemisia tabaci, a highly invasive crop pest and potent virus vector. We identified that NMDAR consists of three subunits each encoded by single gene in whiteflies which are highly conserved among different insect orders. Expression analysis suggests that subunit 1 (BtNR1) and subunit 2 (BtNR2) are the main functional units. External supplementation of NMDAR ligand or BtNRs silencing was lethal to insects, which suggested that NMDAR function is highly balanced in whiteflies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dixit
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Thakur
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India
- DST-Centre for Policy Research, IIT-Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - A Shukla
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - S K Upadhyay
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - P C Verma
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Park YG, Lee JH. UV-LED lights enhance the establishment and biological control efficacy of Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245165. [PMID: 33411787 PMCID: PMC7790406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The zoophytophagous mirid Nesidiocoris tenuis (Hemiptera: Miridae) is one of the biological control agents against the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a major pest of greenhouse crops. The successful establishment of a biological control agent and its co-occurrence with the target pests increases the efficacy of biological control programs in greenhouses. In this study, we explored the effects of different wavelengths of LED light on establishment of N. tenuis in laboratory condition, with the goal of enhancing the biological control of B. tabaci in greenhouse crops. Nesidiocoris tenuis was most strongly attracted by LED light at a wavelength of 385 nm. This same wavelength was also highly attractive to B. tabaci in Y-tube experiments with lights of specific wavelengths provided is each arm of the apparatus. In trials in growth chambers, we verified the attraction of N. tenuis to 385 nm wavelength. When LED light at a wavelength of 385 nm was used in a growth chamber for 6 hours out of 24 hours, it significantly increased the remaining number of N. tenuis in growth chamber and level of predation compared to treatment with white LED light or without LED light. In conclusion, UV-LED light at a wavelength of 385 nm attracts both B. tabaci and N. tenuis. Thus, it would be used for enhancing early establishment of this mirid bug, better spatial congruence of both mirid bug and whitefly, and better control of the whitefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-gyun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Entomology Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Ho Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Entomology Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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de Carvalho SS, Ribeiro LDP, Forim MR, da Silva MFDGF, Bicalho KU, Fernandes JB, Vendramim JD. Avocado kernels, an industrial residue: a source of compounds with insecticidal activity against silverleaf whitefly. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:2260-2268. [PMID: 32875452 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fruit processing waste, such as kernels (endocarp + seed) of avocado [Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae)], could be used as raw material in the preparation of botanical insecticides. In light of this potential, this study assessed the insecticidal action of extracts and fractions from kernels of two avocado cultivars (Breda and Margarida) on Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B, an important pest species in tropical conditions. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts prepared from kernels of P. americana, regardless of the plant cultivar used, caused promising insecticidal activity to whitefly nymphs. Based on yield in crude extracts [10.32 and 9.85% (w/w), respectively, for cultivars Breda and Margarida], on the bioassay results with crude extracts and on the chemical profiles, the ethanolic extract of kernels of P. americana cv. Breda was chose for the continuation of the study. Thus, the ethanolic extract of kernels of cv. Breda (LC50 = 197.84 ppm and LC90 = 567.19 ppm) was selected and subjected to fractionation by the liquid-liquid partition technique. The hexane and dichloromethane fractions of this extract caused significant mortality of nymphs. The analysis using the ultraviolet (UV) and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) showed the presence of long-chain aliphatic compounds (alkanols or acetogenins of Lauraceae), alkylfurans (or avocadofurans), and unsaturated fatty acids in these fractions, which are possibly related to bioactivity observed in B. tabaci, besides saccharides. The results show that kernels of P. americana are promising sources of compounds with insecticidal action for the control of B. tabaci biotype B, a great opportunity to transform environmental problems into eco-friendly solutions to agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Salles de Carvalho
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Leandro do Prado Ribeiro
- Research Center for Family Agriculture, Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (CEPAF/EPAGRI), Rua Servidão Ferdinando Ricieri Tusset S/N - Bairro São Cristóvão, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, CEP 89803-904, Brazil.
| | - Moacir Rossi Forim
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | | | - Keylla Utherdyany Bicalho
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - João Batista Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - José Djair Vendramim
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
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Mugerwa H, Colvin J, Alicai T, Omongo CA, Kabaalu R, Visendi P, Sseruwagi P, Seal SE. Genetic diversity of whitefly ( Bemisia spp.) on crop and uncultivated plants in Uganda: implications for the control of this devastating pest species complex in Africa. JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE 2021; 94:1307-1330. [PMID: 34720787 PMCID: PMC8550740 DOI: 10.1007/s10340-021-01355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Over the past three decades, highly increased whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) populations have been observed on the staple food crop cassava in eastern Africa and associated with ensuing viral disease pandemics and food insecurity. Increased whitefly numbers have also been observed in other key agricultural crops and weeds. Factors behind the population surges on different crops and their interrelationships are unclear, although in cassava they have been associated with specific populations within the Bemisia tabaci species complex known to infest cassava crops in Africa. This study carried out an in-depth survey to understand the distribution of B. tabaci populations infesting crops and uncultivated plant hosts in Uganda, a centre of origin for this pest complex. Whitefly samples were collected from 59 identified plant species and 25 unidentified weeds in a countrywide survey. Identities of 870 individual adult whiteflies were determined through mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 sequences (651 bp) in the 3' barcode region used for B. tabaci systematics. Sixteen B. tabaci and five related whitefly putative species were identified based on > 4.0% nucleotide divergence, of which three are proposed as novel B. tabaci putative species and four as novel closely related whitefly species. The most prevalent whiteflies were classified as B. tabaci MED-ASL (30.5% of samples), sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1, 22.7%) and Bemisia Uganda1 (12.1%). These species were also indicated to be the most polyphagous occurring on 33, 40 and 25 identified plant species, respectively. Multiple (≥ 3) whitefly species occurred on specific crops (bean, eggplant, pumpkin and tomato) and weeds (Sida acuta and Ocimum gratissimum). These plants may have increased potential to act as reservoirs for mixed infections of whitefly-vectored viruses. Management of whitefly pest populations in eastern Africa will require an integration of approaches that consider their degree of polyphagy and a climate that enables the continuous presence of crop and uncultivated plant hosts. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10340-021-01355-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibu Mugerwa
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB UK
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223 USA
| | - John Colvin
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB UK
| | - Titus Alicai
- Root Crops Programme, National Crops Resources Research Institute, P. O. Box 7084, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Christopher A. Omongo
- Root Crops Programme, National Crops Resources Research Institute, P. O. Box 7084, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Richard Kabaalu
- Root Crops Programme, National Crops Resources Research Institute, P. O. Box 7084, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Paul Visendi
- Centre for Agriculture and Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001 Australia
| | - Peter Sseruwagi
- Biotechnology Department, Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 6226, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Susan E. Seal
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB UK
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Low Genetic Variability in Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 Populations within Farmscapes of Georgia, USA. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11120834. [PMID: 33255960 PMCID: PMC7760769 DOI: 10.3390/insects11120834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, is a serious pest of many agricultural crops worldwide. Numerous studies have examined the genetic structure of whitefly populations separated by geographical barriers; however, very few have assessed the population structure of B. tabaci at a farmscape level. A farmscape in this study is defined as heterogenous habitat with crop and non-crop areas spanning approximately 8 square kilometers. To assess the roles of farmscapes as drivers of B. tabaci genetic variation, thirty-five populations of the sweetpotato whitefly were collected from crop and non-crop plant species from fifteen farmscapes. Using mitochondrial COI gene sequences (mtCOI) and six nuclear microsatellite markers, the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation among collected B. tabaci MEAM1 populations were examined. Haplotype analysis using mtCOI sequences revealed the presence of a single B. tabaci MEAM1 haplotype across farmscapes of Georgia. Results from microsatellite markers further showed no significant genetic structuring among populations that corresponded to plant species or farmscapes from which they were collected. Annual whitefly population explosions and subsequent dispersal might have facilitated the persistence of a single panmictic B. tabaci population over all sampled farmscapes in this region. Abstract Bemisia tabaci is a whitefly species complex comprising important phloem feeding insect pests and plant virus vectors of many agricultural crops. Middle East–Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED) are the two most invasive members of the B. tabaci species complex worldwide. The diversity of agroecosystems invaded by B. tabaci could potentially influence their population structure, but this has not been assessed at a farmscape level. A farmscape in this study is defined as heterogenous habitat with crop and non-crop areas spanning ~8 square kilometers. In this study, mitochondrial COI gene (mtCOI) sequences and six microsatellite markers were used to examine the population structure of B. tabaci MEAM1 colonizing different plant species at a farmscape level in Georgia, United States. Thirty-five populations of adult whiteflies on row and vegetable crops and weeds across major agricultural regions of Georgia were collected from fifteen farmscapes. Based on morphological features and mtCOI sequences, five species/cryptic species of whiteflies (B. tabaci MEAM1, B. tabaci MED, Dialeurodes citri, Trialeurodes abutiloneus, T. vaporariorum) were found. Analysis of 102 mtCOI sequences revealed the presence of a single B. tabaci MEAM1 haplotype across farmscapes in Georgia. Population genetics analyses (AMOVA, PCA and STRUCTURE) of B. tabaci MEAM1 (microsatellite data) revealed only minimal genetic differences among collected populations within and among farmscapes. Overall, our results suggest that there is a high level of gene flow among B. tabaci MEAM1 populations among farmscapes in Georgia. Frequent whitefly population explosions driven by a single or a few major whitefly-suitable hosts planted on a wide spatial scale may be the key factor behind the persistence of a single panmictic population over Georgia’s farmscapes. These population structuring effects are useful for delineating the spatial scale at which whiteflies must be managed and predicting the speed at which alleles associated with insecticide resistance might spread.
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Liu Z, Li QX, Song B. Recent Research Progress in and Perspectives of Mesoionic Insecticides: Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11039-11053. [PMID: 32915567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triflumezopyrim exemplifies a new class of mesoionic insecticides and has attracted increasing attention as a result of its unique structure, high level of insecticidal activity, new mechanisms of action, low toxicity toward non-target organisms, and environmental friendliness. It inhibits the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and has high potency against sucking pests, including the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), which has developed serious resistance to conventional neonicotinoids and low cross-resistance to some newly developed neonicotinoids. This review focuses on the discovery, synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and mechanism of action of mesoionic insecticides. Finally, potential directions for the development of mesoionic insecticides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
- People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Baoan Song
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
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A Review of the Biology and Control of Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), with Special Reference to Biological Control Using Entomopathogenic Fungi. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11090619. [PMID: 32927701 PMCID: PMC7564875 DOI: 10.3390/insects11090619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is considered one of the most destructive insect pests of vegetables and ornamental crops globally. Synthetic chemical pesticides are mainly used to control B. tabaci, however, their extensive usage has led to a series of detrimental concerns to human health and environmental contamination. It is therefore of significant interest to develop a safer and eco-friendly alternative for controlling B. tabaci. Here, we review the use of entomopathogenic fungi as a proven, biologically sustainable method to effectively control B. tabaci. The development of entomopathogenic fungi in an integrated pest management strategy against B. tabaci can reduce our reliance on chemical pesticides, and help us to secure food safety while preserving nature. Abstract Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), consists of genetically diverse species known to cause significant destruction in several crops around the world. Nymphs and adults of B. tabaci cause damage to plants during feeding, and they can act as a virus vector, thus causing significant yield loss to crops in the tropical and subtropical regions. Chemical pesticides are widely used to control B. tabaci due to their immediate action, but this approach has several drawbacks including food safety issues, insecticide resistance, environmental pollution, and the effect on non-target organisms. A biological control agent using entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) has therefore been developed as an alternative against the conventional use of chemical pesticides in an integrated pest management (IPM) system to effectively control B. tabaci. It is apparent from this review that species of hyphomycetes fungi are the most common EPF used to effectively control B. tabaci, with the second instar being the most susceptible stage of infection. Therefore, this review article focuses specifically on the control of B. tabaci with special emphasis on the use of EPF as biological control agents and their integration in IPM.
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Saghafipour A, Zahraei-Ramazani A, Vatandoost H, Asadollahi A, Fouladi-Fard R, Hamta A, Hasanwand A. Relationship between Some Environmental and Climatic Factors on Outbreak of Whiteflies, the Human Annoying Insects. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2020; 14:78-87. [PMID: 32766351 PMCID: PMC7382691 DOI: 10.18502/jad.v14i1.2714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The reports of numerous outbreaks of whiteflies from different parts of the world have increased its medical importance. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between environmental changes and climatic factors with the outbreak of the whitefly population in Tehran, the capital of Iran. Methods This study was carried out in urban areas of Tehran, where the increasing population of whiteflies was reported frequently during 2018. In order to entrap the whiteflies, 20 yellow sticky cards smeared with white refined grease were installed on the trunks of the trees at twice per month as trapping time intervals. The captured flies were transferred and conserved in cans containing 70% alcohol and were counted accurately under a stereomicroscope. To determine the relationship between air quality index, precipitation, air temperature and air humidity as environmental and climatic factors with the abundance of whiteflies, change point analysis and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) was used. Results The most density of white flies per trap was 256.6 and 155.6 in early October and late September respectively. The number moved closer to zero from November to April. The population of whiteflies was inversely correlated with the level of air quality index (p= 0.99) and precipitation (p= 0.95), and it had a direct correlation with the high temperature. Also, the population of whiteflies had a direct correlation with the level of air humidity in the first half of the year. Conclusion According to these findings, during spring and summer from early May to early October.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abedin Saghafipour
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Vatandoost
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Environmental Chemical Pollutants and Pesticides, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Asadollahi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fouladi-Fard
- Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Amir Hamta
- Clinical Research Development Center (CRDU), Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Ali Hasanwand
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hussain S, Farooq M, Malik HJ, Amin I, Scheffler BE, Scheffler JA, Liu SS, Mansoor S. Whole genome sequencing of Asia II 1 species of whitefly reveals that genes involved in virus transmission and insecticide resistance have genetic variances between Asia II 1 and MEAM1 species. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:507. [PMID: 31215403 PMCID: PMC6582559 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5877-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) are phloem sap-sucking pests that because of their broad host range and ability to transmit viruses damage crop plants worldwide. B. tabaci are now known to be a complex of cryptic species that differ from each other in many characteristics such as mode of interaction with viruses, invasiveness, and resistance to insecticides. Asia II 1 is an indigenous species found on the Indian sub-continent and south-east Asia while the species named as Middle East Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1), likely originated from the Middle-East and has spread worldwide in recent decades. The purpose of this study is to find genomic differences between these two species. Results Sequencing of the nuclear genome of Asia II 1 with Illumina HiSeq and MiSeq generated 198.90 million reads that covers 88% of the reference genome. The sequence comparison with MEAM1 identified 2,327,972 SNPs and 202,479 INDELs. In Total, 1294 genes were detected with high impact variants. The functional analysis revealed that some of the genes are involved in virus transmission including 4 genes in Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) transmission, 96 in Tomato crinivirus (ToCV) transmission, and 14 genes in insecticide resistance. Conclusions These genetic differences between Asia II 1 and MEAM1 may underlie the major biological differences between the two species such as virus transmission, insecticide resistance, and range of host plants. The present study provides new genomic data and information resources for Asia II 1 that will not only contribute to the species delimitation of whitefly, but also help in conceiving future research studies to develop more targeted management strategies against whitefly. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5877-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Hussain
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biotechnology, Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Jamil Malik
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biotechnology, Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Amin
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Brian E Scheffler
- USDA-ARS, Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Rd., Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA
| | - Jodi A Scheffler
- USDA-ARS, Crop Genetics Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Rd, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA
| | - Shu-Sheng Liu
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Sain SK, Monga D, Kumar R, Nagrale DT, Hiremani NS, Kranthi S. Compatibility of entomopathogenic fungi with insecticides and their efficacy for IPM of Bemisia tabaci in cotton. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2019; 44:97-105. [PMID: 31148937 PMCID: PMC6529749 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d18-067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci, a vector of cotton leaf curl virus disease, is among the most devastating pests causing huge economic losses due to reduced cotton yield and quality. The excessive use of chemical pesticides causes insecticide resistance. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) have a role as mycoinsecticides. The combined use of these insecticides is a promising pest-control option to minimize adverse chemical effects. Thus, we have evaluated 10 EPFs under polyhouse conditions for their virulence against whitefly nymphs and their compatibility with chemical and botanical insecticides. The highest overall biological efficacy index was recorded with Ij-102, followed by Bb-4511, and Ij-089. An in vitro compatibility study was conducted to evaluate the effect of botanical and chemical pesticides on mycelial growth and spore production using the poisoned food technique. The effect of pesticides on the reduction of mycelial growth and conidial production ranged from -169 to 94.1% and -25.6 to 87.6%, respectively. However, Ij-089, Ij-102, Ma-1299, and Bb-4511 were found to be the most compatible with the chemical and botanicals evaluated. Comparatively, spiromesifen, diafenthiuron, buprofezin, pyriproxyfen, and flonicamid were more compatible with EPFs at half doses, as compared to the other chemical pesticides, namely imidacloprid, fipronil, profenophos, and triazophos. These results might provide the basis for future work and indicate that applications of EPFs showing the best virulence and compatibility have the maximum likelihood for the management of B. tabaci in the field in an integrated pest management system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Sain
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Dilip Monga
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station
| | - Rishi Kumar
- ICAR- Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station
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Lee TRC, Anderson SJ, Tran-Nguyen LTT, Sallam N, Le Ru BP, Conlong D, Powell K, Ward A, Mitchell A. Towards a global DNA barcode reference library for quarantine identifications of lepidopteran stemborers, with an emphasis on sugarcane pests. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7039. [PMID: 31065024 PMCID: PMC6504866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lepidopteran stemborers are among the most damaging agricultural pests worldwide, able to reduce crop yields by up to 40%. Sugarcane is the world’s most prolific crop, and several stemborer species from the families Noctuidae, Tortricidae, Crambidae and Pyralidae attack sugarcane. Australia is currently free of the most damaging stemborers, but biosecurity efforts are hampered by the difficulty in morphologically distinguishing stemborer species. Here we assess the utility of DNA barcoding in identifying stemborer pest species. We review the current state of the COI barcode sequence library for sugarcane stemborers, assembling a dataset of 1297 sequences from 64 species. Sequences were from specimens collected and identified in this study, downloaded from BOLD or requested from other authors. We performed species delimitation analyses to assess species diversity and the effectiveness of barcoding in this group. Seven species exhibited <0.03 K2P interspecific diversity, indicating that diagnostic barcoding will work well in most of the studied taxa. We identified 24 instances of identification errors in the online database, which has hampered unambiguous stemborer identification using barcodes. Instances of very high within-species diversity indicate that nuclear markers (e.g. 18S, 28S) and additional morphological data (genitalia dissection of all lineages) are needed to confirm species boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R C Lee
- Department of Entomology, Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William St, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Stacey J Anderson
- Biosecurity Operations, NAQS, Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, 1 Pederson Road, Eaton, NT, 0812, Australia
| | - Lucy T T Tran-Nguyen
- Northern Territory Department of Primary Industry and Resources, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, NT, 0801, Australia
| | - Nader Sallam
- Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, 114 Catalina Crescent, Airport Business Park, Cairns Airport, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
| | - Bruno P Le Ru
- African Insect Science for Food and Health (ICIPE), PO Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.,IRD/CNRS, UMR IRD 247 EGCE, Laboratoire Evolution Génomes Comportement et Ecologie, Avenue de la terrasse, BP1, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Desmond Conlong
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Faculty of AgriSciences, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Western Cape, 7602, South Africa.,South African Sugarcane Research Institute, 170 Flanders Drive, Mount Edgecombe, KwaZulu-Natal, 4300, South Africa
| | - Kevin Powell
- Sugar Research Australia, 71378 Bruce Highway, Gordonvale, QLD, 4865, Australia
| | - Andrew Ward
- Sugar Research Australia, 50 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, QLD, 4068, Australia
| | - Andrew Mitchell
- Department of Entomology, Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William St, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
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Rao CN, George A, Rahangadale S. Monitoring of Resistance in Field Populations of Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) to Commonly Used Insecticides in Citrus in Central India. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:324-328. [PMID: 30295861 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Field populations of thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood) from citrus nurseries and psyllids (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) from commercial citrus orchards of three districts in Maharashtra State in India were evaluated for levels of resistance to organophosphates (acephate, chlorpyrifos, quinalphos, and dimethoate), neonicotinoids (thiamethoxam, imidacloprid), abamectin and spinosad between 2012 and 2017. Leaf dip bioassays for thrips and shoot tip bioassay for nymph and adult psyllids were used to assess levels of insecticide resistance as indicated by resistance ratios (RRs). In general, levels of insecticide resistance were zero (RR = 1) or very low (RR = 2-10); however, we recorded 21.0- and 28.0-fold increase in resistance (RR = 21-50) to spinosad 45SC in S. dorsalis between 2016 and 2017 that may be attributed to the continuous application of the insecticide for the management of various sucking insect pests of citrus. We found that levels of resistance to insecticides in adult and nymph D. citri collected from the three districts were zero to low (RR = 2-10). Our data show there may be a shift in resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides that are widely used among citrus growers in the study region. Results from this study indicate that the evolution of insecticide resistance and cross-resistance may be decelerated by the rotational use of insecticides with different modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Rao
- Department of Entomology, ICAR-Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anjitha George
- Department of Entomology, ICAR-Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Rahangadale
- Department of Entomology, ICAR-Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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Shadmany M, Boykin LM, Muhamad R, Omar D. Genetic Diversity of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Species Complex Across Malaysia. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:75-84. [PMID: 30272175 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a cryptic species complex with members capable of inducing huge economic losses. Precise identification of members of this complex proves essential in managing existing populations and preventing new incursions. Despite records of serious outbreaks of this pest in Malaysia little is known about species status of B. tabaci in this region. To address this, a comprehensive sampling of B. tabaci from different host plants was conducted in 10 states of Malaysia from 2010 to 2012. Members of the complex were identified by sequencing partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene and constructing a Bayesian phylogenetic tree. Seven putative species were identified including Asia I, Mediterranean (MED), China 1, China 2, Asia II 6, Asia II 7, and Asia II 10. The most important finding of the study is the identification of the invasive MED species from locations without previous records of this species. All putative species except Asia I and MED are recorded from Malaysia for the first time. This study provided the first introductory map of B. tabaci species composition in Malaysia and emphasizes the urgent need for further studies to assess the status of MED invasion in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shadmany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Laura M Boykin
- School of Molecular Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, Australia
| | - R Muhamad
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Dzolkhifli Omar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Chen JC, Wang ZH, Cao LJ, Gong YJ, Hoffmann AA, Wei SJ. Toxicity of seven insecticides to different developmental stages of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in multiple field populations of China. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:742-751. [PMID: 29951794 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1956-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical control is important in the management of the tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Susceptibility of B. tabaci to insecticides may vary among different developmental stages and geographical populations. In this study, we examined toxicity of seven commonly-used insecticides to B. tabaci MED in four field populations from China. Avermectin has high level of toxicity to all stages of B. tabaci MED in all four populations. Cyantraniliprole and sulfoxaflor have high toxicity to adults. Spirotetramat, cyantraniliprole and flonicamid have high toxicity to nymphs but not adults. Acetamiprid, cyantraniliprole and sulfoxaflor have high toxicity to eggs. However, the relative toxicity of B. tabaci MED to these chemicals varied across different populations, with little consistency in population differences across developmental stages. Our findings together with some instances where LC95 values were higher than field recommended dosages indicate field-evolved resistance to insecticides (such as thiamethoxam and sulfoxaflor) and stage-specific mechanisms that will influence effective control of B. tabaci MED by insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Cui Chen
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 100097, Beijing, China
| | - Ze-Hua Wang
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 100097, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Jun Cao
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 100097, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Jun Gong
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 100097, Beijing, China.
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Shu-Jun Wei
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 100097, Beijing, China.
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Wamiq G, Khan JA. Overexpression of ghr-miR166b generates resistance against Bemisia tabaci infestation in Gossypium hirsutum plants. PLANTA 2018; 247:1175-1189. [PMID: 29397416 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION In silico identified Gossypium hirsutum ghr-miR166b shows multi-compatible targets in mitochondrial ATP synthase of Bemisia tabaci. Its overexpression in planta has the potential to act as a biopesticide in reducing B. tabaci population, and consequently the spread of whitefly-transmitted plant viruses. Whiteflies (B. tabaci) are hemipterous insects that act as a vector to transmit plant viruses causing enormous losses to the plants. In the present study, G. hirsutum-encoded miRNAs targeting expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of B. tabaci, based on sequence complimentarity and miRNA-target mRNA thermodynamics, were in silico identified. Out of 108 G. hirsutum miRNAs, 55 targeted the protein encoding ESTs. Among them, ghr-miR166b was selected owing to its intrinsic affinity for ATP synthase. Its functional role was validated following expression of ghr-MIR166b (precursor) sequence in G. hirsutum cv. HS6 plants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Total of seven independent transformed (T0) G. hirsutum lines were obtained. The transcript level of ghr-MIR166b in the transgenic lines was observed to be 2.0- to 17-fold higher as compared to non-transformed plants. Northern-blot analysis of small RNAs isolated from the transgenic plants confirmed the presence of the ghr-miR166b. After feeding on the leaves of transgenic line (HS6-166-30) having highest level of ghr-miR166b expression, B. tabaci population was reduced up to 91% as compared to non-transformed leaves. Further, in the whole plant assay, a maximum of 78% B. tabaci mortality was observed in the same line, while there was an increase in B. tabaci population on the non-transformed plants. Our results revealed that ghr-miR166b supposedly targeting ATP synthase gene of B. tabaci, and subsequently its overexpression in planta has potential to act as biopesticide for reducing B. tabaci population and consequently spread of whitefly transmitted viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gazal Wamiq
- Plant Virus Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Jawaid A Khan
- Plant Virus Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Datta S, Budhauliya R, Das B, Gopalakrishnan R, Sharma S, Chatterjee S, Vanlalhmuaka, Raju PS, Veer V. Rebound of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and its exclusive detection in cotton leaf curl disease outbreak, Punjab (India), 2015. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17361. [PMID: 29234082 PMCID: PMC5727119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17680-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) outbreaks caused by CLCuD associated begomoviruses (CABs) significantly constrain cotton production in India and Pakistan. In comparison to the CABs circulating in Pakistan, molecular epidemiology, evolution and recombination patterns of CABs circulating in India are less studied. In this work, we characterized CAB complex sequences obtained from the most recent outbreak (Punjab, India, 2015), and rigorously analyzed them with reference to GenBank sequences, submitted from India, Pakistan and other neighbouring countries, using contemporary bioinformatics approaches. In this manuscript, we illustrate the detection of a recombinant, phylogenetically distinct clade of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV), suggesting rebound of CLCuMuV in this region. Interestingly, we could not detect Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Burewala strain (CLCuKoV-Bu), which was prevalent in this region, until now. Our study thus indicates substitution of the 'virulent resistance breaking' CLCuKoV-Bu by the re-emerging CLCuMuV recombinants. Our findings corroborate with that of a very recent study from Pakistan and we here discuss epidemiological links between the CAB complexes reported in these two studies. Taken together, these observations signify a shifting epidemiology of CABs, and seem to correlate with the recent prediction of the 'third epidemic' of CLCuD in the Indian subcontinent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibnarayan Datta
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL-DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India.
| | - Raghvendra Budhauliya
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL-DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
| | - Bidisha Das
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL-DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
| | - Reji Gopalakrishnan
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL-DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India.,Vector Management Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment (DRDE-DRDO), Gwalior, 474 002, India
| | - Sonika Sharma
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL-DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
| | - Soumya Chatterjee
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL-DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
| | - Vanlalhmuaka
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL-DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
| | - P Srinivas Raju
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL-DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
| | - Vijay Veer
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Defence Research Laboratory (DRL-DRDO), Tezpur, 784 001, India
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