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Cacho-Navas C, López-Pujante C, Reglero-Real N, Colás-Algora N, Cuervo A, Conesa JJ, Barroso S, de Rivas G, Ciordia S, Paradela A, D'Agostino G, Manzo C, Feito J, Andrés G, Molina-Jiménez F, Majano P, Correas I, Carazo JM, Nourshargh S, Huch M, Millán J. ICAM-1 nanoclusters regulate hepatic epithelial cell polarity by leukocyte adhesion-independent control of apical actomyosin. eLife 2024; 12:RP89261. [PMID: 38597186 PMCID: PMC11006420 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 is apically polarized, interacts with, and guides leukocytes across epithelial barriers. Polarized hepatic epithelia organize their apical membrane domain into bile canaliculi and ducts, which are not accessible to circulating immune cells but that nevertheless confine most of ICAM-1. Here, by analyzing ICAM-1_KO human hepatic cells, liver organoids from ICAM-1_KO mice and rescue-of-function experiments, we show that ICAM-1 regulates epithelial apicobasal polarity in a leukocyte adhesion-independent manner. ICAM-1 signals to an actomyosin network at the base of canalicular microvilli, thereby controlling the dynamics and size of bile canalicular-like structures. We identified the scaffolding protein EBP50/NHERF1/SLC9A3R1, which connects membrane proteins with the underlying actin cytoskeleton, in the proximity interactome of ICAM-1. EBP50 and ICAM-1 form nano-scale domains that overlap in microvilli, from which ICAM-1 regulates EBP50 nano-organization. Indeed, EBP50 expression is required for ICAM-1-mediated control of BC morphogenesis and actomyosin. Our findings indicate that ICAM-1 regulates the dynamics of epithelial apical membrane domains beyond its role as a heterotypic cell-cell adhesion molecule and reveal potential therapeutic strategies for preserving epithelial architecture during inflammatory stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Natalia Reglero-Real
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Ana Cuervo
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CSIC)MadridSpain
| | | | - Susana Barroso
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAMMadridSpain
| | - Gema de Rivas
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAMMadridSpain
| | | | | | | | - Carlo Manzo
- Facultat de Ciències, Tecnologia i Enginyeries, Universitat de Vic – Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC)VicSpain
| | - Jorge Feito
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Germán Andrés
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAMMadridSpain
| | - Francisca Molina-Jiménez
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la PrincesaMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa)MadridSpain
| | - Pedro Majano
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la PrincesaMadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)MadridSpain
- Department of Cellular Biology, Universidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Isabel Correas
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAMMadridSpain
| | | | - Sussan Nourshargh
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Meritxell Huch
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Jaime Millán
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAMMadridSpain
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2
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Rojas‐Gómez A, Dosil SG, Chichón FJ, Fernández‐Gallego N, Ferrarini A, Calvo E, Calzada‐Fraile D, Requena S, Otón J, Serrano A, Tarifa R, Arroyo M, Sorrentino A, Pereiro E, Vázquez J, Valpuesta JM, Sánchez‐Madrid F, Martín‐Cófreces NB. Chaperonin CCT controls extracellular vesicle production and cell metabolism through kinesin dynamics. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12333. [PMID: 37328936 PMCID: PMC10276179 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell proteostasis includes gene transcription, protein translation, folding of de novo proteins, post-translational modifications, secretion, degradation and recycling. By profiling the proteome of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from T cells, we have found the chaperonin complex CCT, involved in the correct folding of particular proteins. By limiting CCT cell-content by siRNA, cells undergo altered lipid composition and metabolic rewiring towards a lipid-dependent metabolism, with increased activity of peroxisomes and mitochondria. This is due to dysregulation of the dynamics of interorganelle contacts between lipid droplets, mitochondria, peroxisomes and the endolysosomal system. This process accelerates the biogenesis of multivesicular bodies leading to higher EV production through the dynamic regulation of microtubule-based kinesin motors. These findings connect proteostasis with lipid metabolism through an unexpected role of CCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Rojas‐Gómez
- Immunology ServiceHospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS‐IPMadridSpain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular CommunicationFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Sara G. Dosil
- Immunology ServiceHospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS‐IPMadridSpain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular CommunicationFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Francisco J. Chichón
- Cryoelectron Microscopy UnitCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB‐CSIC)MadridSpain
- Department of Macromolecular StructureCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB‐CSIC)MadridSpain
| | - Nieves Fernández‐Gallego
- Immunology ServiceHospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS‐IPMadridSpain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular CommunicationFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Alessia Ferrarini
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ProteomicsFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Enrique Calvo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ProteomicsFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Diego Calzada‐Fraile
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular CommunicationFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Silvia Requena
- Immunology ServiceHospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS‐IPMadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)MadridSpain
| | - Joaquin Otón
- Structural Studies DivisionMRC Laboratory of Molecular BiologyCambridgeUK
- ALBA Synchrotron Light SourceBarcelonaSpain
| | - Alvaro Serrano
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular CommunicationFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Rocio Tarifa
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ProteomicsFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Montserrat Arroyo
- Immunology ServiceHospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS‐IPMadridSpain
| | | | | | - Jesus Vázquez
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular ProteomicsFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)MadridSpain
| | - José M. Valpuesta
- Department of Macromolecular StructureCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB‐CSIC)MadridSpain
| | - Francisco Sánchez‐Madrid
- Immunology ServiceHospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS‐IPMadridSpain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular CommunicationFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)MadridSpain
| | - Noa B. Martín‐Cófreces
- Immunology ServiceHospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS‐IPMadridSpain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular CommunicationFundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares‐Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)MadridSpain
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3
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Okolo CA. A guide into the world of high-resolution 3D imaging: the case of soft X-ray tomography for the life sciences. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:649-663. [PMID: 35257156 PMCID: PMC9162464 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the world of bioimaging, every choice made determines the quality and content of the data collected. The choice of imaging techniques for a study could showcase or dampen expected outcomes. Synchrotron radiation is indispensable for biomedical research, driven by the need to see into biological materials and capture intricate biochemical and biophysical details at controlled environments. The same need drives correlative approaches that enable the capture of heterologous but complementary information when studying any one single target subject. Recently, the applicability of one such synchrotron technique in bioimaging, soft X-ray tomography (SXT), facilitates exploratory and basic research and is actively progressing towards filling medical and industrial needs for the rapid screening of biomaterials, reagents and processes of immediate medical significance. Soft X-ray tomography at cryogenic temperatures (cryoSXT) fills the imaging resolution gap between fluorescence microscopy (in the hundreds of nanometers but relatively accessible) and electron microscopy (few nanometers but requires extensive effort and can be difficult to access). CryoSXT currently is accessible, fully documented, can deliver 3D imaging to 25 nm resolution in a high throughput fashion, does not require laborious sample preparation procedures and can be correlated with other imaging techniques. Here, we present the current state of SXT and outline its place within the bioimaging world alongside a guided matrix that aids decision making with regards to the applicability of any given imaging technique to a particular project. Case studies where cryoSXT has facilitated a better understanding of biological processes are highlighted and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidinma Adanna Okolo
- Beamline B24, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K
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4
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Loconte V, Chen JH, Cortese M, Ekman A, Le Gros MA, Larabell C, Bartenschlager R, Weinhardt V. Using soft X-ray tomography for rapid whole-cell quantitative imaging of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2021; 1:100117. [PMID: 34729550 PMCID: PMC8552653 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution and rapid imaging of host cell ultrastructure can generate insights toward viral disease mechanism, for example for a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Here, we employ full-rotation soft X-ray tomography (SXT) to examine organelle remodeling induced by SARS-CoV-2 at the whole-cell level with high spatial resolution and throughput. Most of the current SXT systems suffer from a restricted field of view due to use of flat sample supports and artifacts due to missing data. In this approach using cylindrical sample holders, a full-rotation tomogram of human lung epithelial cells is performed in less than 10 min. We demonstrate the potential of SXT imaging by visualizing aggregates of SARS-CoV-2 virions and virus-induced intracellular alterations. This rapid whole-cell imaging approach allows us to visualize the spatiotemporal changes of cellular organelles upon viral infection in a quantitative manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Loconte
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mirko Cortese
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Axel Ekman
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark A. Le Gros
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn Larabell
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ralf Bartenschlager
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg Partner Site, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Venera Weinhardt
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Garriga D, Chichón FJ, Calisto BM, Ferrero DS, Gastaminza P, Pereiro E, Pérez-Berna AJ. Imaging of Virus-Infected Cells with Soft X-ray Tomography. Viruses 2021; 13:v13112109. [PMID: 34834916 PMCID: PMC8618346 DOI: 10.3390/v13112109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses are obligate parasites that depend on a host cell for replication and survival. Consequently, to fully understand the viral processes involved in infection and replication, it is fundamental to study them in the cellular context. Often, viral infections induce significant changes in the subcellular organization of the host cell due to the formation of viral factories, alteration of cell cytoskeleton and/or budding of newly formed particles. Accurate 3D mapping of organelle reorganization in infected cells can thus provide valuable information for both basic virus research and antiviral drug development. Among the available techniques for 3D cell imaging, cryo-soft X-ray tomography stands out for its large depth of view (allowing for 10 µm thick biological samples to be imaged without further thinning), its resolution (about 50 nm for tomographies, sufficient to detect viral particles), the minimal requirements for sample manipulation (can be used on frozen, unfixed and unstained whole cells) and the potential to be combined with other techniques (i.e., correlative fluorescence microscopy). In this review we describe the fundamentals of cryo-soft X-ray tomography, its sample requirements, its advantages and its limitations. To highlight the potential of this technique, examples of virus research performed at BL09-MISTRAL beamline in ALBA synchrotron are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damià Garriga
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (D.G.); (B.M.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Francisco Javier Chichón
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.C.); (P.G.)
| | - Bárbara M. Calisto
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (D.G.); (B.M.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Diego S. Ferrero
- Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parc Científic de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Pablo Gastaminza
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.C.); (P.G.)
| | - Eva Pereiro
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (D.G.); (B.M.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Ana Joaquina Pérez-Berna
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (D.G.); (B.M.C.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-592-4371
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6
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Martin-Cofreces NB, Chichon FJ, Calvo E, Torralba D, Bustos-Moran E, Dosil SG, Rojas-Gomez A, Bonzon-Kulichenko E, Lopez JA, Otón J, Sorrentino A, Zabala JC, Vernos I, Vazquez J, Valpuesta JM, Sanchez-Madrid F. The chaperonin CCT controls T cell receptor-driven 3D configuration of centrioles. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabb7242. [PMID: 33268369 PMCID: PMC7821906 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb7242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
T lymphocyte activation requires the formation of immune synapses (IS) with antigen-presenting cells. The dynamics of membrane receptors, signaling scaffolds, microfilaments, and microtubules at the IS determine the potency of T cell activation and subsequent immune response. Here, we show that the cytosolic chaperonin CCT (chaperonin-containing TCP1) controls the changes in reciprocal orientation of the centrioles and polarization of the tubulin dynamics induced by T cell receptor in T lymphocytes forming an IS. CCT also controls the mitochondrial ultrastructure and the metabolic status of T cells, regulating the de novo synthesis of tubulin as well as posttranslational modifications (poly-glutamylation, acetylation, Δ1 and Δ2) of αβ-tubulin heterodimers, fine-tuning tubulin dynamics. These changes ultimately determine the function and organization of the centrioles, as shown by three-dimensional reconstruction of resting and stimulated primary T cells using cryo-soft x-ray tomography. Through this mechanism, CCT governs T cell activation and polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N B Martin-Cofreces
- Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS-IP. Madrid, 28006 Spain.
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Spain
| | - F J Chichon
- Department of Macromolecular Structure, Computational Systems Biology Group, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - E Calvo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Spain
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics. Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - D Torralba
- Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS-IP. Madrid, 28006 Spain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - E Bustos-Moran
- Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS-IP. Madrid, 28006 Spain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - S G Dosil
- Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS-IP. Madrid, 28006 Spain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - A Rojas-Gomez
- Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS-IP. Madrid, 28006 Spain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - E Bonzon-Kulichenko
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Spain
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics. Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - J A Lopez
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics. Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - J Otón
- Structural Studies Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - A Sorrentino
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08290, Spain
| | - J C Zabala
- Departament of Molecular Biology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, 39005 Spain
| | - I Vernos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - J Vazquez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Spain
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics. Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
| | - J M Valpuesta
- Department of Macromolecular Structure, Computational Systems Biology Group, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, 28049, Spain.
| | - F Sanchez-Madrid
- Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, UAM, IIS-IP. Madrid, 28006 Spain.
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, 28029 Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Spain
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7
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Four-Dimensional Characterization of the Babesia divergens Asexual Life Cycle, from the Trophozoite to the Multiparasite Stage. mSphere 2020; 5:5/5/e00928-20. [PMID: 33055261 PMCID: PMC7565898 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00928-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Babesiosis is a disease caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia parasites, which possess many clinical features that are similar to those of malaria. This worldwide disease is increasing in frequency and geographical range and has a significant impact on human and animal health. Babesia divergens is one of the species responsible for human and cattle babesiosis causing death unless treated promptly. When B. divergens infects its vertebrate hosts, it reproduces asexually within red blood cells. During its asexual life cycle, B. divergens builds a population of numerous intraerythrocytic (IE) parasites of difficult interpretation. This complex population is largely unexplored, and we have therefore combined three- and four-dimensional imaging techniques to elucidate the origin, architecture, and kinetics of IE parasites. Unveiling the nature of these parasites has provided a vision of the B. divergens asexual cycle in unprecedented detail and is a key step to develop control strategies against babesiosis. Babesia is an apicomplexan parasite of significance that causes the disease known as babesiosis in domestic and wild animals and in humans worldwide. Babesia infects vertebrate hosts and reproduces asexually by a form of binary fission within erythrocytes/red blood cells (RBCs), yielding a complex pleomorphic population of intraerythrocytic parasites. Seven of them, clearly visible in human RBCs infected with Babesia divergens, are considered the main forms and named single, double, and quadruple trophozoites, paired and double paired pyriforms, tetrad or Maltese Cross, and multiparasite stage. However, these main intraerythrocytic forms coexist with RBCs infected with transient parasite combinations of unclear origin and development. In fact, little is understood about how Babesia builds this complex population during its asexual life cycle. By combining cryo-soft X-ray tomography and video microscopy, main and transitory parasites were characterized in a native whole cellular context and at nanometric resolution. The architecture and kinetics of the parasite population was observed in detail and provide additional data to the previous B. divergens asexual life cycle model that was built on light microscopy. Importantly, the process of multiplication by binary fission, involving budding, was visualized in live parasites for the first time, revealing that fundamental changes in cell shape and continuous rounds of multiplication occur as the parasites go through their asexual multiplication cycle. A four-dimensional asexual life cycle model was built highlighting the origin of several transient morphological forms that, surprisingly, intersperse in a chronological order between one main stage and the next in the cycle. IMPORTANCE Babesiosis is a disease caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia parasites, which possess many clinical features that are similar to those of malaria. This worldwide disease is increasing in frequency and geographical range and has a significant impact on human and animal health. Babesia divergens is one of the species responsible for human and cattle babesiosis causing death unless treated promptly. When B. divergens infects its vertebrate hosts, it reproduces asexually within red blood cells. During its asexual life cycle, B. divergens builds a population of numerous intraerythrocytic (IE) parasites of difficult interpretation. This complex population is largely unexplored, and we have therefore combined three- and four-dimensional imaging techniques to elucidate the origin, architecture, and kinetics of IE parasites. Unveiling the nature of these parasites has provided a vision of the B. divergens asexual cycle in unprecedented detail and is a key step to develop control strategies against babesiosis.
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8
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Reineck P, Abraham AN, Poddar A, Shukla R, Abe H, Ohshima T, Gibson BC, Dekiwadia C, Conesa JJ, Pereiro E, Gelmi A, Bryant G. Multimodal Imaging and Soft X-Ray Tomography of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds in Cancer Cells. Biotechnol J 2020; 16:e2000289. [PMID: 32975037 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging promises to revolutionize the understanding of biological processes across scales in space and time by combining the strengths of multiple imaging techniques. Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are biocompatible, chemically inert, provide high contrast in light- and electron-based microscopy, and are versatile optical quantum sensors. Here it is demonstrated that FNDs also provide high absorption contrast in nanoscale 3D soft X-ray tomograms with a resolution of 28 nm in all dimensions. Confocal fluorescence, atomic force, and scanning electron microscopy images of FNDs inside and on the surface of PC3 cancer cells with sub-micrometer precision are correlated. FNDs are found inside ≈1 µm sized vesicles present in the cytoplasm, providing direct evidence of the active uptake of bare FNDs by cancer cells. Imaging artefacts are quantified and separated from changes in cell morphology caused by sample preparation. These results demonstrate the utility of FNDs in multimodal imaging, contribute to the understanding of the fate of FNDs in cells, and open up new possibilities for biological imaging and sensing across the nano- and microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Amanda N Abraham
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Arpita Poddar
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Ravi Shukla
- Ian Potter NanoBiosensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory (NBRL), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-1292, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohshima
- Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-1292, Japan
| | - Brant C Gibson
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Chaitali Dekiwadia
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility (RMMF), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - José J Conesa
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, MISTRAL Beamline-Experiments division, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08290, Spain
| | - Eva Pereiro
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, MISTRAL Beamline-Experiments division, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08290, Spain
| | - Amy Gelmi
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Gary Bryant
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
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9
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Weinhardt V, Chen JH, Ekman AA, Guo J, Remesh SG, Hammel M, McDermott G, Chao W, Oh S, Le Gros MA, Larabell CA. Switchable resolution in soft x-ray tomography of single cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227601. [PMID: 31978064 PMCID: PMC6980406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of living cells, in both size and internal complexity, calls for imaging methods with adaptable spatial resolution. Soft x-ray tomography (SXT) is a three-dimensional imaging technique ideally suited to visualizing and quantifying the internal organization of single cells of varying sizes in a near-native state. The achievable resolution of the soft x-ray microscope is largely determined by the objective lens, but switching between objectives is extremely time-consuming and typically undertaken only during microscope maintenance procedures. Since the resolution of the optic is inversely proportional to the depth of focus, an optic capable of imaging the thickest cells is routinely selected. This unnecessarily limits the achievable resolution in smaller cells and eliminates the ability to obtain high-resolution images of regions of interest in larger cells. Here, we describe developments to overcome this shortfall and allow selection of microscope optics best suited to the specimen characteristics and data requirements. We demonstrate that switchable objective capability advances the flexibility of SXT to enable imaging cells ranging in size from bacteria to yeast and mammalian cells without physically modifying the microscope, and we demonstrate the use of this technology to image the same specimen with both optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venera Weinhardt
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Axel A. Ekman
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jessica Guo
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Soumya G. Remesh
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Michal Hammel
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Gerry McDermott
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Weilun Chao
- Center for X-ray Optics, Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Sharon Oh
- Center for X-ray Optics, Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Le Gros
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Carolyn A. Larabell
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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10
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Pereiro E. Correlative cryo-soft X-ray tomography of cells. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:529-530. [PMID: 31286400 PMCID: PMC6682186 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00560-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pereiro
- ALBA Synchhrotron, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290, Barcelona, Spain.
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11
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Groen J, Conesa JJ, Valcárcel R, Pereiro E. The cellular landscape by cryo soft X-ray tomography. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:611-619. [PMID: 31273607 PMCID: PMC6682196 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00567-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging techniques in structural cell biology are indispensable to understand cell organization and machinery. In this frame, cryo soft X-ray tomography (cryo-SXT), a synchrotron-based imaging technique, is used to analyze the ultrastructure of intact, cryo-preserved cells at nanometric spatial resolution bridging electron microscopy and visible light fluorescence. With their unique interaction with matter and high penetration depth, X-rays are a very useful and complementary source to obtain both high-resolution and quantitative information. In this review, we are elaborating a typical cryo correlative workflow at the Mistral Beamline at the Alba Synchrotron (Spain) with the goal of providing a cartographic description of the cell by cryo-SXT that illustrates the possibilities this technique brings for specific localization of cellular features, organelle organization, and particular events in specific structural cell biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Groen
- Mistral Beamline, Alba Light Source (Cells), Cerdanyola del Valles, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. J. Conesa
- Mistral Beamline, Alba Light Source (Cells), Cerdanyola del Valles, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Valcárcel
- Mistral Beamline, Alba Light Source (Cells), Cerdanyola del Valles, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
| | - E. Pereiro
- Mistral Beamline, Alba Light Source (Cells), Cerdanyola del Valles, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Weinhardt V, Chen JH, Ekman A, McDermott G, Le Gros MA, Larabell C. Imaging cell morphology and physiology using X-rays. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:489-508. [PMID: 30952801 PMCID: PMC6716605 DOI: 10.1042/bst20180036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Morphometric measurements, such as quantifying cell shape, characterizing sub-cellular organization, and probing cell-cell interactions, are fundamental in cell biology and clinical medicine. Until quite recently, the main source of morphometric data on cells has been light- and electron-based microscope images. However, many technological advances have propelled X-ray microscopy into becoming another source of high-quality morphometric information. Here, we review the status of X-ray microscopy as a quantitative biological imaging modality. We also describe the combination of X-ray microscopy data with information from other modalities to generate polychromatic views of biological systems. For example, the amalgamation of molecular localization data, from fluorescence microscopy or spectromicroscopy, with structural information from X-ray tomography. This combination of data from the same specimen generates a more complete picture of the system than that can be obtained by a single microscopy method. Such multimodal combinations greatly enhance our understanding of biology by combining physiological and morphological data to create models that more accurately reflect the complexities of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venera Weinhardt
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
| | - Axel Ekman
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
| | - Gerry McDermott
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
| | - Mark A Le Gros
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Carolyn Larabell
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A.
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
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13
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Ma L, Zhang X, Xu Z, Späth A, Xing Z, Sun T, Tai R. Three-dimensional focal stack imaging in scanning transmission X-ray microscopy with an improved reconstruction algorithm. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:7787-7802. [PMID: 30876336 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.007787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Focal stack (FS) is an effective technique for fast 3D imaging in high-resolution scanning transmission X-ray microscopy. Its crucial issue is to assign each object within the sample to the correct position along the optical axis according to a proper focus measure. There is probably information loss with previous algorithms for FS reconstruction because the old algorithms can only detect one focused object along each optical-axial pixel line (OAPL). In this study, we present an improved FS algorithm, which utilizes an elaborately calculated threshold for normalized local variances to extract multiple focused objects in each OAPL. Simulation and experimental results show its feasibility and high efficiency for 3D imaging of high contrast, sparse samples. It is expected that our advanced approach has potential applications in 3D X-ray microscopy for more complex samples.
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14
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Ekman A, Weinhardt V, Chen JH, McDermott G, Le Gros MA, Larabell C. PSF correction in soft X-ray tomography. J Struct Biol 2018; 204:9-18. [PMID: 29908247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we introduce a linear approximation of the forward model of soft X-ray tomography, such that the reconstruction is solvable by standard iterative schemes. This linear model takes into account the three-dimensional point spread function (PSF) of the optical system, which consequently enhances the reconstruction of data. The feasibility of the model is demonstrated on both simulated and experimental data, based on theoretically estimated and experimentally measured PSFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Ekman
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Venera Weinhardt
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gerry McDermott
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mark A Le Gros
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Carolyn Larabell
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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15
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Cryo-soft X-ray tomography: using soft X-rays to explore the ultrastructure of whole cells. Emerg Top Life Sci 2018; 2:81-92. [PMID: 33525785 PMCID: PMC7289011 DOI: 10.1042/etls20170086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cryo-soft X-ray tomography is an imaging technique that addresses the need for mesoscale imaging of cellular ultrastructure of relatively thick samples without the need for staining or chemical modification. It allows the imaging of cellular ultrastructure to a resolution of 25–40 nm and can be used in correlation with other imaging modalities, such as electron tomography and fluorescence microscopy, to further enhance the information content derived from biological samples. An overview of the technique, discussion of sample suitability and information about sample preparation, data collection and data analysis is presented here. Recent developments and future outlook are also discussed.
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16
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Wan X, Katchalski T, Churas C, Ghosh S, Phan S, Lawrence A, Hao Y, Zhou Z, Chen R, Chen Y, Zhang F, Ellisman MH. Electron tomography simulator with realistic 3D phantom for evaluation of acquisition, alignment and reconstruction methods. J Struct Biol 2017; 198:103-115. [PMID: 28392451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Because of the significance of electron microscope tomography in the investigation of biological structure at nanometer scales, ongoing improvement efforts have been continuous over recent years. This is particularly true in the case of software developments. Nevertheless, verification of improvements delivered by new algorithms and software remains difficult. Current analysis tools do not provide adaptable and consistent methods for quality assessment. This is particularly true with images of biological samples, due to image complexity, variability, low contrast and noise. We report an electron tomography (ET) simulator with accurate ray optics modeling of image formation that includes curvilinear trajectories through the sample, warping of the sample and noise. As a demonstration of the utility of our approach, we have concentrated on providing verification of the class of reconstruction methods applicable to wide field images of stained plastic-embedded samples. Accordingly, we have also constructed digital phantoms derived from serial block face scanning electron microscope images. These phantoms are also easily modified to include alignment features to test alignment algorithms. The combination of more realistic phantoms with more faithful simulations facilitates objective comparison of acquisition parameters, alignment and reconstruction algorithms and their range of applicability. With proper phantoms, this approach can also be modified to include more complex optical models, including distance-dependent blurring and phase contrast functions, such as may occur in cryotomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Wan
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Tsvi Katchalski
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Christopher Churas
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Sreya Ghosh
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Sebastien Phan
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Albert Lawrence
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, USA.
| | - Yu Hao
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Zhou
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijuan Chen
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, China; National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fa Zhang
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mark H Ellisman
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, USA; Departments of Neurosciences and Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, USA
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