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Vilor-Tejedor N, Evans TE, Adams HH, González-de-Echávarri JM, Molinuevo JL, Guigo R, Gispert JD, Operto G. Genetic Influences on Hippocampal Subfields: An Emerging Area of Neuroscience Research. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2021; 7:e591. [PMID: 34124350 PMCID: PMC8192059 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
There is clear evidence that hippocampal subfield volumes have partly distinct genetic determinants associated with specific biological processes. The identification of genetic correlates of hippocampal subfield volumes may help to elucidate the mechanisms of neurologic diseases, as well as aging and neurodegenerative processes. However, despite the emerging interest in this area of research, the current knowledge of the genetic architecture of hippocampal subfields has not yet been consolidated. We aimed to provide a review of the current evidence from genetic studies of hippocampal subfields, highlighting current priorities and upcoming challenges. The limited number of studies investigating the influential genetic effects on hippocampal subfields, a lack of replicated results and longitudinal designs, and modest sample sizes combined with insufficient standardization of protocols are identified as the most pressing challenges in this emerging area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vilor-Tejedor
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC) (N.V.-T., J.M.G.-d-E., J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) (N.V.-T., R.G.), the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Spain; Department of Clinical Genetics (N.V.-T., T.E.E., H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (N.V.-T., J.M.G.--E., J.L.M., R.G., J.D.G.), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES) (J.L.M., G.O.); and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería (J.D.G.), Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tavia E Evans
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC) (N.V.-T., J.M.G.-d-E., J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) (N.V.-T., R.G.), the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Spain; Department of Clinical Genetics (N.V.-T., T.E.E., H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (N.V.-T., J.M.G.--E., J.L.M., R.G., J.D.G.), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES) (J.L.M., G.O.); and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería (J.D.G.), Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hieab H Adams
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC) (N.V.-T., J.M.G.-d-E., J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) (N.V.-T., R.G.), the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Spain; Department of Clinical Genetics (N.V.-T., T.E.E., H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (N.V.-T., J.M.G.--E., J.L.M., R.G., J.D.G.), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES) (J.L.M., G.O.); and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería (J.D.G.), Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María González-de-Echávarri
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC) (N.V.-T., J.M.G.-d-E., J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) (N.V.-T., R.G.), the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Spain; Department of Clinical Genetics (N.V.-T., T.E.E., H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (N.V.-T., J.M.G.--E., J.L.M., R.G., J.D.G.), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES) (J.L.M., G.O.); and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería (J.D.G.), Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC) (N.V.-T., J.M.G.-d-E., J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) (N.V.-T., R.G.), the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Spain; Department of Clinical Genetics (N.V.-T., T.E.E., H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (N.V.-T., J.M.G.--E., J.L.M., R.G., J.D.G.), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES) (J.L.M., G.O.); and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería (J.D.G.), Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roderic Guigo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC) (N.V.-T., J.M.G.-d-E., J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) (N.V.-T., R.G.), the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Spain; Department of Clinical Genetics (N.V.-T., T.E.E., H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (N.V.-T., J.M.G.--E., J.L.M., R.G., J.D.G.), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES) (J.L.M., G.O.); and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería (J.D.G.), Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC) (N.V.-T., J.M.G.-d-E., J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) (N.V.-T., R.G.), the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Spain; Department of Clinical Genetics (N.V.-T., T.E.E., H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (N.V.-T., J.M.G.--E., J.L.M., R.G., J.D.G.), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES) (J.L.M., G.O.); and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería (J.D.G.), Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Grégory Operto
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC) (N.V.-T., J.M.G.-d-E., J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Pasqual Maragall Foundation; Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) (N.V.-T., R.G.), the Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Spain; Department of Clinical Genetics (N.V.-T., T.E.E., H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (N.V.-T., J.M.G.--E., J.L.M., R.G., J.D.G.), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (H.H.A.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) (J.L.M., J.D.G., G.O.), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES) (J.L.M., G.O.); and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería (J.D.G.), Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain
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Nyarko JNK, Quartey MO, Heistad RM, Pennington PR, Poon LJ, Knudsen KJ, Allonby O, El Zawily AM, Freywald A, Rauw G, Baker GB, Mousseau DD. Glycosylation States of Pre- and Post-synaptic Markers of 5-HT Neurons Differ With Sex and 5-HTTLPR Genotype in Cortical Autopsy Samples. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:545. [PMID: 30147642 PMCID: PMC6096231 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) transporter (5-HTT) gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) is thought to alter 5-HT signaling and contribute to behavioral and cognitive phenotypes in depression as well as Alzheimer disease (AD). We explored how well the short (S) and long (L) alleles of the 5-HTTLPR align with serotoninergic indices in 60 autopsied cortical samples from early-onset AD/EOAD and late-onset AD/LOAD donors, and age- and sex-matched controls. Stratifying data by either diagnosis-by-genotype or by sex-by-genotype revealed that the donor's 5-HTTLPR genotype, i.e., L/L, S/L, or S/S, did not affect 5-HTT mRNA or protein expression. However, the glycosylation of 5-HTT was significantly higher in control female (vs. male) samples and tended to decrease in female EOAD/LOAD samples, but remained unaltered in male LOAD samples. Glycosylated forms of the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2) were lower in both male and female AD samples, while a sex-by-genotype stratification revealed a loss of VMAT2 glycosylation specifically in females with an L/L genotype. VMAT2 and 5-HTT glycosylation were correlated in male samples and inversely correlated in female samples in both stratification models. The S/S genotype aligned with lower levels of 5-HT turnover in females (but not males) and with an increased glycosylation of the post-synaptic 5-HT2C receptor. Interestingly, the changes in presynaptic glycosylation were evident primarily in female carriers of the APOE ε4 risk factor for AD. Our data do not support an association between 5-HTTLPR genotype and 5-HTT expression, but they do reveal a non-canonical association of 5-HTTLPR genotype with sex-dependent glycosylation changes in pre- and post-synaptic markers of serotoninergic neurons. These patterns of change suggest adaptive responses in 5-HT signaling and could certainly be contributing to the female prevalence in risk for either depression or AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N K Nyarko
- Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Maa O Quartey
- Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ryan M Heistad
- Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Paul R Pennington
- Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Lisa J Poon
- Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kaeli J Knudsen
- Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Odette Allonby
- Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Amr M El Zawily
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Andrew Freywald
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Gail Rauw
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Glen B Baker
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Darrell D Mousseau
- Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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