Use of partial least-squares regression for multicomponent determinations based on kinetic spectrofluorimetric data. Simultaneous determination of canrenone and spironolactone in urine

Biochemistry and biomedicine of quantum dots: from biodetection to bioimaging, drug discovery, diagnostics, and therapy

According to recent research, nanotechnology based on quantum dots (QDs) has been widely applied in the field of bioimaging, drug delivery, and drug analysis. Therefore, it has become one of the major forces driving basic and applied research. The application of nanotechnology in bioimaging has been of concern. Through in vitro labeling, it was found that luminescent QDs possess many properties such as narrow emission, broad UV excitation, bright fluorescence, and high photostability. The QDs also show great potential in whole-body imaging. The QDs can be combined with biomolecules, and hence, they can be used for targeted drug delivery and diagnosis. The characteristics of QDs make them useful for application in pharmacy and pharmacology. This review focuses on various applications of QDs, especially in imaging, drug delivery, pharmaceutical analysis, photothermal therapy, biochips, and targeted surgery. Finally, conclusions are made by providing some critical challenges and a perspective of how this field can be expected to develop in the future.

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

Quantum dots (QDs) is an emerging field of interdisciplinary subject that involves physics, chemistry, materialogy, biology, medicine, and so on. In addition, nanotechnology based on QDs has been applied in depth in biochemistry and biomedicine. Some forward-looking fields emphatically reflected in some extremely vital areas that possess inspiring potential applicable prospects, such as immunoassay, DNA analysis, biological monitoring, drug discovery, in vitro labelling, in vivo imaging, and tumor target are closely connected to human life and health and has been the top and forefront in science and technology to date. Furthermore, this review has not only involved the traditional biochemical detection but also particularly emphasized its potential applications in life science and biomedicine.

Analysis of spironolactone residues in industrial wastewater and in drug formulations by cathodic stripping voltammetry

The redox behavior of spironolactone (SP) drug in Britton–Robinson (BR) buffer of pH 2–11 was investigated by differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry (DPCSV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) at hanging mercury dropping electrode (HMDE). At pH 9–10.5, the DPCSV of SP drug showed two cathodic peaks at −1.15 and −1.38 V at the HMDE vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode. In the CV, at pH 9–10, the dependence of the cathodic peak current, I_p,_c and peak potential, E_p,c of the second peak (E_p,c2) on the scan rate (ν) and on the depolizer (SP) concentrations was typical of an electrode coupled (EC) chemical reaction type mechanism. The plot of I_p,_c at −1.380 V of the DPCSV vs. SP concentration at pH 9 was linear over the concentration range of 1.2×10⁻¹⁰−9.6×10⁻⁷ M. The lower limit of detection (LLOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the drug were 1.1×10⁻¹¹ and 4.14×10⁻¹¹ M, respectively. The method was successfully applied for the analysis of SP residues in industrial wastewater, in pure form (98.2±3.1%) and in drug formulations e.g. Aldactone® tablet (98.35±2.9%).The method was validated by comparison with HPLC and the official data methods.