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Brans V, Manzi F, Jacob S, Schtickzelle N. Demography and movement patterns of a freshwater ciliate: The influence of oxygen availability. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11291. [PMID: 38660468 PMCID: PMC11040103 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In freshwater habitats, aerobic animals and microorganisms can react to oxygen deprivation by a series of behavioural and physiological changes, either as a direct consequence of hindered performance or as adaptive responses towards hypoxic conditions. Since oxygen availability can vary throughout the water column, different strategies exist to avoid hypoxia, including that of active 'flight' from low-oxygen sites. Alternatively, some organisms may invest in slower movement, saving energy until conditions return to more favourable levels, which may be described as a 'sit-and-wait' strategy. Here, we aimed to determine which, if any, of these strategies could be used by the freshwater ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila when faced with decreasing levels of oxygen availability in the culture medium. We manipulated oxygen flux into clonal cultures of six strains (i.e. genotypes) and followed their growth kinetics for several weeks using automated image analysis, allowing to precisely quantify changes in density, morphology and movement patterns. Oxygen effects on demography and morphology were comparable across strains: reducing oxygen flux decreased the growth rate and maximal density of experimental cultures, while greatly expanding the duration of their stationary phase. Cells sampled during their exponential growth phase were larger and had a more elongated shape under hypoxic conditions, likely mirroring a shift in resource investment towards individual development rather than frequent divisions. In addition to these general patterns, we found evidence for intraspecific variability in movement responses to oxygen limitation. Some strains showed a reduction in swimming speed, potentially associated with a 'sit-and-wait' strategy; however, the frequent alteration of movement paths towards more linear trajectories also suggests the existence of an inducible 'flight response' in this species. Considering the inherent costs of turns associated with non-linear movement, such a strategy may allow ciliates to escape suboptimal environments at a low energetic cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Brans
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Earth and Life InstituteUniversité catholique de LouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Florent Manzi
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Earth and Life InstituteUniversité catholique de LouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Staffan Jacob
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR2029)MoulisFrance
| | - Nicolas Schtickzelle
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Earth and Life InstituteUniversité catholique de LouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
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Liao WT, Hung CH, Liang SS, Yu S, Lu JH, Lee CH, Chai CY, Yu HS. Anti-Inflammatory Effects Induced by Near-Infrared Light Irradiation through M2 Macrophage Polarization. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2056-2066.e10. [PMID: 33676947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) can penetrate the dermis. NIR is able to regulate cutaneous component cells and immune cells and shows significant anti-inflammatory therapeutic effects. However, the mechanisms of these effects are largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to elucidate NIR-induced molecular mechanisms on macrophages because macrophages play initial roles in directing immune responses by their M1 or M2 polarizations. Proteomic analysis revealed that NIR radiation enhanced the expression of mitochondrial respiratory gene citrate synthase. This increased citrate synthase expression was triggered by NIR-induced H3K4 hypermethylation on the citrate synthase gene promoter but not by heat, which led to macrophage M2 polarization and finally resulted in TGFβ1 release from CD4+ cells. These cellular effects were validated in human primary macrophages and abdominal NIR-irradiated mouse experiments. In a phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate‒induced inflammatory model on mouse ear, we confirmed that NIR irradiation induced significant anti-inflammatory effects through decreased M1 counts, reduced TNF-α, and increased CCL22 and/or TGFβ1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Liao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Shin Liang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sebastian Yu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-He Lu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital of the C.G.M.F., Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Su Yu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
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Gninzanlong CL, Ndjomatchoua FT, Tchawoua C. Taming intrinsic localized modes in a DNA lattice with damping, external force, and inhomogeneity. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:052210. [PMID: 31212565 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.052210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of DNA in the presence of uniform damping and periodic force is studied. The damped and driven Joyeux-Buyukdagli model is used to investigate the formation of intrinsic localized modes (ILMs). Branches of ILMs are identified as well as their orbital stabilities. A study of the effect of inhomogeneity introduced into the DNA lattice and its ability to control chaotic behavior is conducted. It is seen that a single defect in the chain can induce synchronized spatiotemporal patterns, despite the fact that the entire set of oscillators and the impurity are chaotic when uncoupled. It is also shown that the periodic excitation applied on a specific site can drive the whole lattice into chaotic or regular spatial and temporal patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank Thomas Ndjomatchoua
- Sustainable Impact Platform, Adaptive Agronomy and Pest Ecology Cluster, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), DAPO Box 7777-1301, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Clément Tchawoua
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Yao YB, Wang XY, Tang B. High-order nonlinear excitations in the Joyeux-Buyukdagli model of DNA. J Biol Phys 2015; 42:213-22. [PMID: 26489740 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-015-9402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
By means of the semidiscrete multiple-scale method, we study the existence and properties of high-order envelope solitons and discrete breathers in a homogeneous DNA chain model that is based on pairing enthalpies and site-dependent finite stacking. We obtain the analytical solutions for an envelope soliton, and find that at the Brillouin zone center, discrete breather solutions can appear below the bottom of the phonon band. The behavior of two solitons in collisions and the stability of discrete breathers are confirmed by numerical simulations of the exact equations of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Bo Yao
- College of Communication and Electronic Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang, 413000, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Wang
- College of Physics, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, Hunan, China
| | - Bing Tang
- College of Physics, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, Hunan, China.
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5
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Specificity and heterogeneity of terahertz radiation effect on gene expression in mouse mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1184. [PMID: 23378916 PMCID: PMC3560359 DOI: 10.1038/srep01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that terahertz (THz) irradiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) with a single-frequency (SF) 2.52 THz laser or pulsed broadband (centered at 10 THz) source results in irradiation specific heterogenic changes in gene expression. The THz effect depends on irradiation parameters such as the duration and type of THz source, and on the degree of stem cell differentiation. Our microarray survey and RT-PCR experiments demonstrate that prolonged broadband THz irradiation drives mMSCs toward differentiation, while 2-hour irradiation (regardless of THz sources) affects genes transcriptionally active in pluripotent stem cells. The strictly controlled experimental environment indicates minimal temperature changes and the absence of any discernable response to heat shock and cellular stress genes imply a non-thermal response. Computer simulations of the core promoters of two pluripotency markers reveal association between gene upregulation and propensity for DNA breathing. We propose that THz radiation has potential for non-contact control of cellular gene expression.
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Alexandrov BS, Rasmussen KØ, Bishop AR, Usheva A, Alexandrov LB, Chong S, Dagon Y, Booshehri LG, Mielke CH, Phipps ML, Martinez JS, Chen HT, Rodriguez G. Non-thermal effects of terahertz radiation on gene expression in mouse stem cells. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 2:2679-89. [PMID: 21991556 PMCID: PMC3184876 DOI: 10.1364/boe.2.002679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, terahertz radiation sources are increasingly being exploited in military and civil applications. However, only a few studies have so far been conducted to examine the biological effects associated with terahertz radiation. In this study, we evaluated the cellular response of mesenchymal mouse stem cells exposed to THz radiation. We apply low-power radiation from both a pulsed broad-band (centered at 10 THz) source and from a CW laser (2.52 THz) source. Modeling, empirical characterization, and monitoring techniques were applied to minimize the impact of radiation-induced increases in temperature. qRT-PCR was used to evaluate changes in the transcriptional activity of selected hyperthermic genes. We found that temperature increases were minimal, and that the differential expression of the investigated heat shock proteins (HSP105, HSP90, and CPR) was unaffected, while the expression of certain other genes (Adiponectin, GLUT4, and PPARG) showed clear effects of the THz irradiation after prolonged, broad-band exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boian S. Alexandrov
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Kim Ø. Rasmussen
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Alan R. Bishop
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Anny Usheva
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Shou Chong
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yossi Dagon
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Layla G. Booshehri
- Materials Physics and Applications Division - NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - Charles H. Mielke
- Materials Physics and Applications Division - NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - M. Lisa Phipps
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Martinez
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, USA
| | - Hou-Tong Chen
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, USA
| | - George Rodriguez
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, USA
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Maniadis P, Alexandrov BS, Bishop AR, Rasmussen KØ. Feigenbaum cascade of discrete breathers in a model of DNA. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 83:011904. [PMID: 21405710 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.011904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that period-doubled discrete breathers appear from the anticontinuum limit of the driven Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model of DNA. These novel breathers result from a stability overlap between subharmonic solutions of the driven Morse oscillator. Subharmonic breathers exist whenever a stability overlap is present within the Feigenbaum cascade to chaos and therefore an entire cascade of such breathers exists. This phenomenon is present in any driven lattice where the on-site potential admits subharmonic solutions. In DNA these breathers may have ramifications for cellular gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Maniadis
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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Bock J, Fukuyo Y, Kang S, Phipps ML, Alexandrov LB, Rasmussen KØ, Bishop AR, Rosen ED, Martinez JS, Chen HT, Rodriguez G, Alexandrov BS, Usheva A. Mammalian stem cells reprogramming in response to terahertz radiation. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15806. [PMID: 21209821 PMCID: PMC3013123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that extended exposure to broad-spectrum terahertz radiation results in specific changes in cellular functions that are closely related to DNA-directed gene transcription. Our gene chip survey of gene expression shows that whereas 89% of the protein coding genes in mouse stem cells do not respond to the applied terahertz radiation, certain genes are activated, while other are repressed. RT-PCR experiments with selected gene probes corresponding to transcripts in the three groups of genes detail the gene specific effect. The response was not only gene specific but also irradiation conditions dependent. Our findings suggest that the applied terahertz irradiation accelerates cell differentiation toward adipose phenotype by activating the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG). Finally, our molecular dynamics computer simulations indicate that the local breathing dynamics of the PPARG promoter DNA coincides with the gene specific response to the THz radiation. We propose that THz radiation is a potential tool for cellular reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Bock
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yayoi Fukuyo
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sona Kang
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - M. Lisa Phipps
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Ludmil B. Alexandrov
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kim Ø. Rasmussen
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Alan R. Bishop
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Evan D. Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jennifer S. Martinez
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Hou-Tong Chen
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - George Rodriguez
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Boian S. Alexandrov
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Anny Usheva
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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