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Synergistic Manipulation of Zero-Dimension and One-Dimension Hybrid Nanofillers in Multi-Layer Two-Dimension Thin Films to Construct Light Weight Electromagnetic Interference Material. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193278. [PMID: 34641093 PMCID: PMC8513059 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocomposite foam with a large expansion ratio and thin cell walls is promising for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials, due to the low electromagnetic (EM) reflection and high EM absorption. To overcome the dimensional limitation from two-dimension (2D) thin walls on the construction of conductive network, a strategy combining hybrid conductive nanofillers in semi-crystalline matrix together with supercritical CO2 (scCO2) foaming was applied: (1) one-dimension (1D) CNTs with moderate aspect ratio was used to minimize the dimensional confinement from 2D thin walls while constructing the main EM absorbing network; (2) zero-dimension (0D) carbon black (CB) with no dimensional confinement was used to connect the separated CNTs in thin walls and to expand the EM absorbing network; (3) scCO2 foaming was applied to obtain a cellular structure with multi-layer thin walls and a large amount of air cells to reduce the reflected EM; (4) semi-crystalline polymer was selected so that the rheological behavior could be adjusted by optimizing crystallization and filler content to regulate the cellular structure. Consequently, an advanced material featured as lightweight, high EM absorption and low EM reflection was obtained at 0.48 vol.% hybrid nanofillers and a density of 0.067 g/cm3, whose specific EMI shielding performance was 183 dB cm3/g.
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Zheng P, Wang R, Li Z, Li Y, Wang D, Li Z, Peng X, Liu C, Jiang L, Liu Q. Enhanced proton transport properties of sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile (SPEN) with moniliform nanostructure UiO-66-NH2/CNT. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083211011636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely investigated for their porosity and functional diversity. Inspired by the flexible designability of MOFs, UiO-66-NH2/CNT with moniliform nanostructure was designed and synthesized successfully. SPEN@UiO-66-NH2/CNT composite proton exchange membranes were prepared by loaded UiO-66-NH2/CNT into sulfonated polyarylene ether nitrile (SPEN). Due to the addition of UiO-66-NH2/CNT, all the properties of composite proton exchange membranes were improved. The composite membranes exhibit excellent thermal stability and dimensional stability. The tensile strength of the composite membranes was improved about twofold compared to that of recast SPEN membrane, which was contributed by the interlaced property and rigid structure of UiO-66-NH2/CNT. Especially, the proton conductivity of the composite membranes was greatly facilitated by the additional proton acceptors and donors provided by the abundant amino groups and carboxyl groups in UiO-66-NH2/CNT. Furthermore, the methanol permeability of SPEN@UiO-66-NH2/CNT reduced consistently (from 6.13 to 0.96 × 10−7 cm2 s−1), which was much lower than that of Nafion membrane (21.36 × 10−7 cm2 s−1). All the results suggest that the design of multifunctional nanofillers based on the skeleton structure of MOFs could provide a new strategy to enhance the performance of PEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglun Zheng
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan China
| | - Zekun Li
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan China
| | - Youren Li
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan China
- Sichuan University-Pittsburgh Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan China
| | - Zhifa Li
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan China
| | - Xiaoliang Peng
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan China
| | - Chuanbang Liu
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan China
| | - Lan Jiang
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan China
| | - Quanyi Liu
- College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
- Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan China
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Campisciano V, Burger R, Calabrese C, Liotta LF, Lo Meo P, Gruttadauria M, Giacalone F. Straightforward preparation of highly loaded MWCNT-polyamine hybrids and their application in catalysis. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:4199-4211. [PMID: 36132762 PMCID: PMC9417923 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00291g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were easily and efficiently functionalised with highly cross-linked polyamines. The radical polymerisation of two bis-vinylimidazolium salts in the presence of pristine MWCNTs and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as a radical initiator led to the formation of materials with a high functionalisation degree. The subsequent treatment with sodium borohydride gave rise to the reduction of imidazolium moieties with the concomitant formation of secondary and tertiary amino groups. The obtained materials were characterised by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis, solid state 13C-NMR, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), potentiometric titration, and temperature programmed desorption of carbon dioxide (CO2-TPD). One of the prepared materials was tested as a heterogeneous base catalyst in C-C bond forming reactions such as the Knoevenagel condensation and Henry reaction. Furthermore, two examples concerning a sequential one-pot approach involving two consecutive reactions, namely Knoevenagel and Michael reactions, were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Campisciano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - René Burger
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences von-Liebig-Strasse 20 D-53359 Rheinbach Germany
| | - Carla Calabrese
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Leonarda Francesca Liotta
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati ISMN-CNR Via Ugo La Malfa, 153 90146 Palermo Italy
| | - Paolo Lo Meo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Michelangelo Gruttadauria
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Francesco Giacalone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
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Materials for Bipolar Plates in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell: Performance Criteria and Current Benchmarks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.promfg.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Preparation of acrylic/MWNTs nanocomposite latexes via ultrasonically-assisted emulsion polymerization: A comparative study. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Fan J, Shi Z, Tian M, Wang J, Yin J. Unzipped multiwalled carbon nanotube oxide/multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids for polymer reinforcement. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:5956-65. [PMID: 23121120 DOI: 10.1021/am301623t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have been widely used as nanofillers for polymer reinforcement. However, it has been restricted by the limited available interface area of MWNTs in the polymer matrices. Oxidation unzipping of MWNTs is an effective way to solve this problem. The unzipped multiwalled carbon nanotube oxides (UMCNOs) exhibit excellent enhancement effect with low weight fractions, but agglomeration of UMCNOs at a relatively higher loading still hampered the mechanical reinforcement of polymer composites. In this paper, we interestingly found that the dispersion of UMCNOs in polymer matrices can be significantly improved with the combination of pristine MWNTs. The hybrids of MWNTs and UMCNOs (U/Ms) can be easily obtained by adding the pristine MWNTs into the UMCNOs aqueous dispersion, followed by sonication. With a π-stacking interaction, the UMCNOs were attached onto the outwalls of MWNTs. The morphologies and structure of the U/Ms were characterized by several measurements. The mechanical testing of the resultant poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based composites demonstrated that the U/Ms can be used as ideal reinforcing fillers. Compared to PVA, the yield strength and Young's modulus of U/M-PVA composites with a loading of 0.7 wt % of the U/Ms approached ∼145.8 MPa and 6.9 GPa, respectively, which are increases of ∼107.4% and ∼122.5%, respectively. The results of tensile tests demonstrated that the reinforcement effect of U/Ms is superior to the individual UMCNOs and MWNTs, because of the synergistic interaction of UMCNOs and MWNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchen Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Fan J, Shi Z, Ge Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Yin J. Mechanical reinforcement of chitosan using unzipped multiwalled carbon nanotube oxides. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Ma J, Deng S, Cheng X, Wei W, Hu A. Covalent surface functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes through bergman cyclization of enediyne-containing dendrimers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Multiwalled carbon nanotubes oxidized by UV/H2O2 as catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. CATAL COMMUN 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Rana S, Cho JW. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes via Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen [3+2] cycloaddition "click chemistry". NANOSCALE 2010; 2:2550-2556. [PMID: 20936205 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00200c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Functionalization of carbon nanotubes is essential for achieving their mechanical, electrical, and biological functions and enhancing their dispersion in a polymer matrix. Cycloaddition reactions can play a significant role as an emerging route in this direction. This minireview focuses on covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes using a facile approach via a Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen [3+2] cycloaddition reaction. Through this reaction, an enormous variety of molecules can be coupled onto carbon nanotubes in a very controlled manner, and may be utilized for many potential applications from nanoelectronics to bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravendra Rana
- Department of Textile Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, South Korea
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Peng M, Liao Z, Zhu Z, Guo H. A Simple Polymerizable Polysoap Greatly Enhances the Grafting Efficiency of the “Grafting-to” Functionalization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101953h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhangjie Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhongming Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Honglei Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Hsiao MC, Liao SH, Yen MY, Liu PI, Pu NW, Wang CA, Ma CCM. Preparation of covalently functionalized graphene using residual oxygen-containing functional groups. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2010; 2:3092-3099. [PMID: 20949901 DOI: 10.1021/am100597d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
When fabricated by thermal exfoliation, graphene can be covalently functionalized more easily by applying a direct ring-opening reaction between the residual epoxide functional groups on the graphene and the amine-bearing molecules. Investigation by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) all confirm that these molecules were covalently grafted to the surface of graphene. The resulting dispersion in an organic solvent demonstrated a long-term homogeneous stability of the products. Furthermore, comparison with traditional free radical functionalization shows the extent of the defects characterized by TEM and Raman spectroscopy and reveals that direct functionalization enables graphene to be covalently functionalized on the surface without causing any further damage to the surface structure. Thermogravmetric analysis (TGA) shows that the nondestroyed graphene structure provides greater thermal stability not only for the grafted molecules but also, more importantly, for the graphene itself, compared to the free-radical grafting method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chien Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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Byrne MT, Gun'ko YK. Recent advances in research on carbon nanotube-polymer composites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:1672-88. [PMID: 20496401 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200901545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) demonstrate remarkable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, which allow a number of exciting potential applications. In this article, we review the most recent progress in research on the development of CNT-polymer composites, with particular attention to their mechanical and electrical (conductive) properties. Various functionalization and fabrication approaches and their role in the preparation of CNT-polymer composites with improved mechanical and electrical properties are discussed. We tabulate the most recent values of Young's modulus and electrical conductivities for various CNT-polymer composites and compare the effectiveness of different processing techniques. Finally, we give a future outlook for the development of CNT-polymer composites as potential alternative materials for various applications, including flexible electrodes in displays, electronic paper, antistatic coatings, bullet-proof vests, protective clothing, and high-performance composites for aircraft and automotive industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele T Byrne
- School of Chemistry and CRANN Istitute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Bose S, Khare RA, Moldenaers P. Assessing the strengths and weaknesses of various types of pre-treatments of carbon nanotubes on the properties of polymer/carbon nanotubes composites: A critical review. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhang S, Shao Y, Yin G, Lin Y. Carbon nanotubes decorated with Pt nanoparticles via electrostatic self-assembly: a highly active oxygen reduction electrocatalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b919494k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Hsiao MC, Liao SH, Yen MY, Teng CC, Lee SH, Pu NW, Wang CA, Sung Y, Ger MD, Ma CCM, Hsiao MH. Preparation and properties of a graphene reinforced nanocomposite conducting plate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01679a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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