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Ahmad N, Colak B, Gibbs MJ, Zhang DW, Gautrot JE, Watkinson M, Becer CR, Krause S. Peptide Cross-Linked Poly(2-oxazoline) as a Sensor Material for the Detection of Proteases with a Quartz Crystal Microbalance. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2506-2514. [PMID: 31244015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory conditions are frequently accompanied by increased levels of active proteases, and there is rising interest in methods for their detection to monitor inflammation in a point of care setting. In this work, new sensor materials for disposable single-step protease biosensors based on poly(2-oxazoline) hydrogels cross-linked with a protease-specific cleavable peptide are described. The performance of the sensor material was assessed targeting the detection of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a protease that has been shown to be an indicator of inflammation in multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory conditions. Films of the hydrogel were formed on gold-coated quartz crystals using thiol-ene click chemistry, and the cross-link density was optimized. The degradation rate of the hydrogel was monitored using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and showed a strong dependence on the MMP-9 concentration. A concentration range of 0-160 nM of MMP-9 was investigated, and a lower limit of detection of 10 nM MMP-9 was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norlaily Ahmad
- School of Engineering and Materials Science , Queen Mary University of London , London , E1 4NS , United Kingdom.,Centre of Foundation Studies , Universiti Teknologi MARA , Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Dengkil , 43800 Dengkil , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Burcu Colak
- School of Engineering and Materials Science , Queen Mary University of London , London , E1 4NS , United Kingdom
| | - Martin John Gibbs
- School of Engineering and Materials Science , Queen Mary University of London , London , E1 4NS , United Kingdom
| | - De-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , 710061 , China
| | - Julien E Gautrot
- School of Engineering and Materials Science , Queen Mary University of London , London , E1 4NS , United Kingdom
| | - Michael Watkinson
- The Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences , Keele University , Staffordshire , ST5 5BG , United Kingdom
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV47AL , United Kingdom
| | - Steffi Krause
- School of Engineering and Materials Science , Queen Mary University of London , London , E1 4NS , United Kingdom
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Ahmad N, Colak B, Zhang DW, Gibbs MJ, Watkinson M, Becer CR, Gautrot JE, Krause S. Peptide Cross-Linked Poly (Ethylene Glycol) Hydrogel Films as Biosensor Coatings for the Detection of Collagenase. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E1677. [PMID: 30965649 PMCID: PMC6479908 DOI: 10.3390/s19071677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Peptide cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel has been widely used for drug delivery and tissue engineering. However, the use of this material as a biosensor for the detection of collagenase has not been explored. Proteases play a key role in the pathology of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The detection of this class of enzyme using the degradable hydrogel film format is promising as a point-of-care device for disease monitoring. In this study, a protease biosensor was developed based on the degradation of a peptide cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel film and demonstrated for the detection of collagenase. The hydrogel was deposited on gold-coated quartz crystals, and their degradation in the presence of collagenase was monitored using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The biosensor was shown to respond to concentrations between 2 and 2000 nM in less than 10 min with a lower detection limit of 2 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norlaily Ahmad
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
- Centre of Foundation Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Dengkil, Dengkil, Selangor 43800, Malaysia.
| | - Burcu Colak
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - De-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Martin John Gibbs
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Michael Watkinson
- The Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Julien E Gautrot
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Steffi Krause
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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Wignarajah S, Suaifan GARY, Bizzarro S, Bikker FJ, Kaman WE, Zourob M. Colorimetric Assay for the Detection of Typical Biomarkers for Periodontitis Using a Magnetic Nanoparticle Biosensor. Anal Chem 2015; 87:12161-8. [PMID: 26631371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic disease which affects at least 10% of the population. If untreated, periodontitis can lead to teeth loss. Unfortunately, current diagnostic tests are limited in their sensitivity and specificity. In this study, a novel multiplex hand-held colorimetric diagnostic biosensor, using two typical inflammatory salivary biomarkers, Human Neutrophil Elastase (HNE) and Cathepsin-G, was constructed as proof of concept to potentially detect periodontitis. The biosensing method was based on the measurement of proteolytic activity using specific proteases probes. These probes consist of specific proteases substrates covalently bound to a magnetic bead from one end and to the gold sensor surface by the other end. When intact, this renders the golden sensor black. Upon proteolysis, the cleaved magnetic beads will be attracted by an external magnet revealing the golden color of the sensor surface observable by the naked eye. The biosensor was capable of specific and quantitative detection of HNE and Cathepsin-G in solution and in spiked saliva samples with a lower detection limit of 1 pg/mL and 100 fg/mL for HNE and Cathepsin-G, respectively. Examination of periodontitis patients' sample and a healthy control showed the potential of the multiplex biosensor to detect the presence of HNE and Cathepsin-G activity in situ. This approach is anticipated to be a useful biochip array amenable to low-cost point-of-care devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayalini Wignarajah
- Centre of Biomedical Engineering, Cranfield University , Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, Alfasal University , Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al Takhassusi Road, Riyadh 11533, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer A R Y Suaifan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan , Amman, 11942 Jordan
| | - Sergio Bizzarro
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam , Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Floris J Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam , Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy E Kaman
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam , Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center , Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammed Zourob
- Department of Chemistry, Alfasal University , Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al Takhassusi Road, Riyadh 11533, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Gibbs MJ, Biela A, Krause S. α-Amylase sensor based on the degradation of oligosaccharide hydrogel films monitored with a quartz crystal sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 67:540-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Schyrr B, Boder-Pasche S, Ischer R, Smajda R, Voirin G. Fiber-optic protease sensor based on the degradation of thin gelatin films. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Park S, Yang H. Sensitive and selective trypsin detection using redox cycling in the presence ofl-ascorbic acid. Analyst 2014; 139:4051-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00465e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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