1
|
Yang X, Zeng P, Wen J, Wang C, Yao L, He M. Gain deeper insights into traditional Chinese medicines using multidimensional chromatography combined with chemometric approaches. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2024; 16:27-41. [PMID: 38375051 PMCID: PMC10874776 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) possess a rich historical background, unique theoretical framework, remarkable therapeutic efficacy, and abundant resources. However, the modernization and internationalization of TCMs have faced significant obstacles due to their diverse ingredients and unknown mechanisms. To gain deeper insights into the phytochemicals and ensure the quality control of TCMs, there is an urgent need to enhance analytical techniques. Currently, two-dimensional (2D) chromatography, which incorporates two independent separation mechanisms, demonstrates superior separation capabilities compared to the traditional one-dimensional (1D) separation system when analyzing TCMs samples. Over the past decade, new techniques have been continuously developed to gain actionable insights from complex samples. This review presents the recent advancements in the application of multidimensional chromatography for the quality evaluation of TCMs, encompassing 2D-gas chromatography (GC), 2D-liquid chromatography (LC), as well as emerging three-dimensional (3D)-GC, 3D-LC, and their associated data-processing approaches. These studies highlight the promising potential of multidimensional chromatographic separation for future phytochemical analysis. Nevertheless, the increased separation capability has resulted in higher-order data sets and greater demands for data-processing tools. Considering that multidimensional chromatography is still a relatively nascent research field, further hardware enhancements and the implementation of chemometric methods are necessary to foster its robust development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Pingping Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Jin Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Chuanlin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Liangyuan Yao
- Hunan Qianjin Xiangjiang Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu H, Wang SY, Zhu JH, Xu JD, Zhou SS, Kong M, Mao Q, Li SL, Zhu H. Effects of sulfur-fumigated ginseng on the global quality of Si-Jun-Zi decoction, a traditional ginseng-containing multi-herb prescription, evaluated by metabolomics and glycomics strategies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 219:114927. [PMID: 35816772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Si-Jun-Zi decoction (SJZD) with ginseng as the principal medicinal herb is a traditional Chinese Medicine multi-herb prescription that commonly employed to treat colorectal cancer etc. Previous studies showed that nearly half of the commercial ginseng was sulfur-fumigated, one of the postharvest processing methods that commonly causes sulfur-dioxide (SO2) residue and chemical composition transformation in medical herbs. In this study, the effect of sulfur-fumigated ginseng on global quality of SJZD was evaluated by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS based metabolomics and multiple chromatographic techniques based glycomics strategies. For non-saccharides components, sulfur-fumigated ginseng led to the emergence of sulfur-containing derivatives and alteration of saponins and flavonoids in SJZD. For saccharide components, sulfur-fumigated ginseng decreased the total contents and molecular weights of polysaccharides, changed the monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides, and increased the contents of oligosaccharides and free monosaccharides of SJZD. The alterations of SJZD were aggravated with the sulfur-fumigated content of ginseng. Those phenomena might be attributed to 1) sulfur-fumigation caused the generation of sulfur-containing derivatives in ginseng, which further transferred to SJZD, and 2) sulfur-fumigation caused the residue of SO2 in ginseng, which reduced the pH value and further changed the dissolution of saponins and flavonoids and accelerated the degradation of the polysaccharides to oligosaccharides and/or monosaccharides in SJZD. Furthermore, although storage reduced the SO2 residue in sulfur-fumigated ginseng, it couldn't recover the alterations of chemical profiles in SJZD. In conclusion, sulfur-fumigated ginseng altered the global quality of SJZD, which promoted that extra attention must be paid during the application of herbal formulas that containing sulfur-fumigated herbs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Si-Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Jin-Hao Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Jin-Di Xu
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhou
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Ming Kong
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Qian Mao
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Song-Lin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qiu Q, Huang Y, Liu X, Huang F, Li X, Cui L, Luo H, Luo L. Potential Therapeutic Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:570893. [PMID: 33343347 PMCID: PMC7741169 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.570893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has been rapidly spreading globally and has caused worldwide social and economic disruption. Currently, no specific antiviral drugs or clinically effective vaccines are available to prevent and treat COVID-19. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can facilitate syndrome differentiation and treatment according to the clinical manifestations of patients and has demonstrated effectiveness in epidemic prevention and control. In China, TCM intervention has helped to control the epidemic; however, TCM has not been fully recognized worldwide. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology and etiological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and the prevention and treatment measures of COVID-19. Additionally, we describe the application of TCM in the treatment of COVID-19 and the identification of small molecules of TCM that demonstrate anti-coronavirus activity. We also analyze the current problems associated with the recognition of TCM. We hope that, through the contribution of TCM, combined with modern technological research and the support of our international counterparts, COVID-19 can be effectively controlled and treated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Qiu
- Graduate School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuge Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Graduate School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fangfang Huang
- Graduate School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Animal Experiment Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hui Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A high-efficiency strategy integrating offline two-dimensional separation and data post-processing with dereplication: Characterization of bufadienolides in Venenum Bufonis as a case study. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1603:179-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
5
|
Gu S, Li L, Huang H, Wang B, Zhang T. Antitumor, Antiviral, and Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy of Essential Oils from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. Produced with Different Processing Methods. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162956. [PMID: 31443182 PMCID: PMC6719198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. has been used as an invigorating spleen drug for eliminating dampness and phlegm in China. According to recent researches, different processing methods may affect the drug efficacy, so we collected A. macrocephala from the Zhejiang Province, produced with different processing methods, crude A. macrocephala (CA) and bran-processed A. macrocephala (BA), then analyzed its essential oils (EOs) by GC/MS. The results showed 34 components representing 98.44% of the total EOs of CA were identified, and 46 components representing 98.02% of the total EOs of BA were identified. Atractylone is the main component in A. macrocephala. Compared with CA, BA has 46 detected compounds, 28 of which were identical, and 6 undetected compounds. Pharmacodynamic results revealed that the EOs of CA and atractylone exhibited more effective anticancer activity in HepG2, MCG803, and HCT-116 cells than the EOs of BA; while the EOs of BA exhibited simple antiviral effect on viruses H3N2, both the EOs and atractylone show anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in ANA-1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Experimental Teaching Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhang-heng Rd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Hai-ke Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai-lun Rd, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lebanov L, Tedone L, Kaykhaii M, Linford MR, Paull B. Multidimensional Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis. Part 2: Application to Characterisation and Identification. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
7
|
Multidimensional Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis. Part 1: Technical Developments. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3649-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
8
|
Zhao JW, Zheng CY, Wei H, Wang DW, Zhu W. Proapoptic and immunotoxic effects of sulfur-fumigated polysaccharides from Smilax glabra Roxb. in RAW264.7 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 292:84-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
9
|
Kaneko S, Chen J, Wu J, Suzuki Y, Ma L, Kumazawa K. Potent Odorants of Characteristic Floral/Sweet Odor in Chinese Chrysanthemum Flower Tea Infusion. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10058-10063. [PMID: 29086561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An investigation using the aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) technique applied to the aroma concentrates prepared from the tea infusions of two different types of Chinese chrysanthemum flowers (flower buds, blooming flowers) revealed that 29 aroma peaks were detected in the aroma concentrates, and 17 compounds were newly identified or tentatively identified in the chrysanthemum flower tea. AEDA also revealed that the aroma peaks having high flavor dilution factors mainly consisted of a floral/sweet note in addition to metallic and phenol-like/spicy notes. Among them, four aroma peaks having a floral/sweet were identified as verbenone, ethyl 3-phenylpropanoate, propyl 3-phenylpropanoate, and ethyl cinnamate, and a semiquantitative analysis revealed that the flower buds were rich in these compounds. Furthermore, a chiral analysis revealed that (-)-verbenone existed in both flowers at a 3 times higher concentration than (+)-verbenone. Additionally, because the detection threshold of (-)-verbenone was lower than that of the (+)-verbenone, it is concluded that the (-)-isomer was a main contributor of the aroma peak of verbenone in the chrysanthemum flower tea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Kaneko
- Ogawa & Co. Ltd. , Chidori 15-7, 279-0032, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jingxiu Chen
- Ogawa Flavors & Fragrances (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. , 85 Jiangtian Road (East), Songjiang District, Shanghai 201613, China
| | - Jieming Wu
- Ogawa Flavors & Fragrances (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. , 85 Jiangtian Road (East), Songjiang District, Shanghai 201613, China
| | - Yuto Suzuki
- Ogawa Flavors & Fragrances (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. , 85 Jiangtian Road (East), Songjiang District, Shanghai 201613, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Ogawa Flavors & Fragrances (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. , 85 Jiangtian Road (East), Songjiang District, Shanghai 201613, China
| | - Kenji Kumazawa
- Ogawa & Co. Ltd. , Chidori 15-7, 279-0032, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sun X, Cui XB, Wen HM, Shan CX, Wang XZ, Kang A, Chai C, Li W. Influence of sulfur fumigation on the chemical profiles of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. evaluated by UFLC–QTOF–MS combined with multivariate statistical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 141:19-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
11
|
Zhou X, Chen X, Wu X, Cao G, Zhang J. Characterization of the chemical composition of white chrysanthemum flowers of Hangzhou by using high-performance ion trap mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:1218-22. [PMID: 26843262 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with amaZon SL high-performance ion trap mass spectrometry was used to analyze the target components in white chrysanthemum flowers of Hangzhou. Twenty-one components were detected and identified in both white chrysanthemum flowers of Hangzhou samples by using target compound analysis. Furthermore, seven new compounds in white chrysanthemum flowers of Hangzhou were found and identified by analyzing the fragment ion behavior in the mass spectra. The established method can be expedient for the global quality investigation of complex components in herbal medicines and food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiahui Zhou
- Wenzhou Central Hospital Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaocheng Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese MedicalUniversity, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cao
- Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese MedicalUniversity, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese MedicalUniversity, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen L, Kotani A, Kusu F, Wang Z, Zhu J, Hakamata H. Quantitative comparison of caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids in Chrysanthemum morifolium flowers and their sulfur-fumigated products by three-channel liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2015; 63:25-32. [PMID: 25743191 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c14-00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For the determination of seven caffeoylquinic acids [neochlorogenic acid (NcA), cryptochlorogenic acid (CcA), chlorogenic acid (CA), caffeic acid (CfA), isochlorogenic acid A (Ic A), isochlorogenic acid B (Ic B), isochlorogenic acid C (Ic C)] and two flavonoids [luteolin 7-O-glucoside (LtG) and luteolin (Lt)], a three-channel liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (LC-3ECD) method was established. Chromatographic peak heights were proportional to each concentration, ranging from 2.5 to 100 ng/mL for NcA, CA, CcA, and CfA, and ranging from 2.5 to 250 ng/mL for LtG, Ic B, Ic A, Ic C, and Lt, respectively. The present LC-3ECD method was applied to the quantitative analysis of caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids in four cultivars of Chrysanthemum morifolium flowers and their sulfur-fumigated products. It was found that 60% of LtG and more than 47% of caffeoylquinic acids were lost during the sulfur fumigation processing. Sulfur fumigation showed a destructive effect on the C. morifolium flowers. In addition, principle component analyses (PCA) were performed using the results of the quantitative analysis of caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids to compare the "sameness" and "differences" of these analytes in C. morifolium flowers and the sulfur-fumigated products. PCA score plots showed that the four cultivars of C. morifolium flowers were clearly classified into four groups, and that significant differences were also found between the non-fumigated C. morifolium flowers and the sulfur-fumigated products. Therefore, it was demonstrated that the present LC-3ECD method coupled with PCA is applicable to the variation analysis of different C. morifolium flower samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangmian Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432–1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Japan; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicine, 16 Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Y, Li G, Zhou Y, Yin D, Tao C, Han L, Yue X, Pan Y, Yao Y, Peng D, Xu F. The difference between blood-associated and water-associated herbs of Danggui-Shaoyao San in theory of TCM, based on serum pharmacochemistry. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:579-87. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlai Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Dengke Yin
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Chunlei Tao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Lan Han
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Xiaoli Yue
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Yongfu Pan
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Yao Yao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Fan Xu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao J, Ge LY, Xiong W, Leong F, Huang LQ, Li SP. Advanced development in phytochemicals analysis of medicine and food dual purposes plants used in China (2011-2014). J Chromatogr A 2015; 1428:39-54. [PMID: 26385085 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In 2011, we wrote a review for summarizing the phytochemical analysis (2006-2010) of medicine and food dual purposes plants used in China (Zhao et al., J. Chromatogr. A 1218 (2011) 7453-7475). Since then, more than 750 articles related to their phytochemical analysis have been published. Therefore, an updated review for the advanced development (2011-2014) in this topic is necessary for well understanding the quality control and health beneficial phytochemicals in these materials, as well as their research trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Li-Ya Ge
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Wei Xiong
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Fong Leong
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Shao-Ping Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qualitative analysis of a sulfur-fumigated Chinese herbal medicine by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and high-resolution time of flight mass spectrometry using colorized fuzzy difference data processing. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 23:261-269. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-1966-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Cao G, Li Q, Wu X, Zhang J, Zhang H, Jiang J. Coupling needle-trap devices with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry to rapidly reveal the chemical transformation of volatile components from sulfur-fumigatedginseng. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:1248-53. [PMID: 25598346 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cao
- Research Center of TCM Processing Technology; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Xin Wu
- Research Center of TCM Processing Technology; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Jida Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | | | - Jianping Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Hangzhou P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cao JL, Wei JC, Chen MW, Su HX, Wan JB, Wang YT, Li P. Application of two-dimensional chromatography in the analysis of Chinese herbal medicines. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1371:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
18
|
Guo AL, Chen LM, Wang YM, Liu XQ, Zhang QW, Gao HM, Wang ZM, Xiao W, Wang ZZ. Influence of sulfur fumigation on the chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of buds of Lonicera japonica. Molecules 2014; 19:16640-55. [PMID: 25342552 PMCID: PMC6271180 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191016640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lonicera japonica flos is widely used as a pharmaceutical resource and a commonly-employed ingredient in healthy food, soft beverages and cosmetics in China. Sometimes, sulfur fumigation is used during post-harvest handling. In this study, a comprehensive comparison of the chemical profile between sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated samples was conducted by HPLC fingerprints and simultaneous quantification of nine constituents, including secologanic acid, along with another eight usually-analyzed markers. Secologanic acid was destroyed, and its sulfonates were generated, whereas caffeoylquinic acids were protected from being oxidized. The residual sulfur dioxide in sulfur-fumigated samples was significantly higher than that in sun-dried samples, which might increase the potential incidence of toxicity to humans. Meanwhile, compared with sun-dried samples, sulfur-fumigated samples have significantly stronger antioxidant activity, which could be attributed to the joint effect of protected phenolic acids and flavonoids, as well as newly-generated iridoid sulfonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Li Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Liang-Mian Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Yan-Min Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Xiao-Qian Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Qi-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Hui-Min Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Zhi-Min Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China.
| | - Zhen-Zhong Wang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cao G, Cai H, Lou Y, Tu S, Liu X, Qin K, Cai B. Analysis of the influence of sulfur-fumigation on the volatile components of Angelicae sinensis Radix by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:304-13. [PMID: 25210318 PMCID: PMC4159924 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.137371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfur-fumigation of Angelicae sinensis Radix causes changes in the structure and composition of volatile components. These changes alter the curative effect and the quality of A. sinensis Radix. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS) was employed to investigate the influence of sulfur-fumigation on the volatile components, and to characterize and quantify the chemical composition of the volatile oil of A. sinensis Radix. RESULTS The present study has shown that sulfur-fumigated A. sinensis Radix samples had significant loss of the main active compounds and a more destructive fingerprint profile compared to non-fumigated samples. CONCLUSION From this study, it can be concluded that the combination of GC × GC and TOFMS has potential as a quality monitoring tool in herbal medicine and food processing industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cao
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing ; Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou ; National First-Class Key Discipline for Science of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Hao Cai
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing ; National First-Class Key Discipline for Science of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yajing Lou
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing
| | - Sicong Tu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing ; National First-Class Key Discipline for Science of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Kunming Qin
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing
| | - Baochang Cai
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing ; Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou ; National First-Class Key Discipline for Science of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang S, Hao LJ, Zhu JJ, Zhang QW, Wang ZM, Zhang X, Song XM. Study on the effects of sulfur fumigation on chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Hang-ju. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:773-9. [PMID: 24262064 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The traditional after-harvesting drying method of C. morifolium cv. Hang-ju (HJ) is sun drying, but recently sulfur fumigation is increasingly used as a cheap and convenient method. However, the effects of sulfur fumigation on chemical constituents and potential activities of HJ were unknown. A comprehensively comparison of the chemical profiles between non-fumigated HJ (NHJ) and sulfur-fumigated HJ (SHJ) was conducted by HPLC fingerprints analysis and the discrepant peaks were identified or tentatively assigned by HPLC-ESI/MS(n). Dramatic chemical changes were found that the contents of 4 flavonoid aglycones remarkably increased while those of 7 glycosides significantly reduced which suggested that sulfur-fumigation induced flavonoid glycosides transformed into aglycons by hydrolysis reaction. A significant loss of hydroxycinnamoylquinic acids showed the sulfur fumigation was a destructive effect on HJ. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to rapidly discriminate NHJ and SHJ samples. By ICP-OES analysis, it was found that the residue of sulfur of SHJ were three times higher than NHJ (p<0.05). The antioxidant activity of NHJ and SHJ were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assay, and the results showed that NHJ had much stronger antioxidant activities than SCF (p<0.05). Combining the results of chemical analysis, residue of sulfur and pharmacological evaluation, it showed that the sulfur fumigation was a destructive effect on HJ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, PR China; Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shiji Road, Xixian District, Xi'an 712046, PR China
| | - Li-Juan Hao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicines, 16 Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, PR China.
| | - Qi-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicines, 16 Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Zhi-Min Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicines, 16 Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, PR China.
| | - Xian Zhang
- China Green food Development Center, 59 College Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xiao-mei Song
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shiji Road, Xixian District, Xi'an 712046, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cao G, Li Q, Zhang J, Cai H, Cai B. A purge and trap technique to capture volatile compounds combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry to investigate the effect of sulfur-fumigation on Radix Angelicae Dahuricae. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1167-72. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cao
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital; Hangzhou 310022 People's Republic of China
| | - Jida Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Cai
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Baochang Cai
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Interpretation of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography data using advanced chemometrics. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
23
|
Zhang J, Cai H, Cao G, Liu X, Wen C, Fan Y. Exploring Potential Chemical Transformation by Chemical Profiling Approach for Rapidly Evaluating Chemical Consistency between Sun-Dried and Sulfur-Fumigated Radix Paeoniae Alba Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:763213. [PMID: 24381637 PMCID: PMC3870088 DOI: 10.1155/2013/763213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) based on a chemical profiling method was applied to rapidly evaluate the chemical consistency between sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Radix Paeoniae Alba. By virtue of the high resolution, high speed of UPLC, and the accurate mass measurement of TOFMS coupled with reliable MarkerLynx software, five newly assigned monoterpene glycoside sulfonates were found and identified in sulfur-fumigated Radix Paeoniae Alba samples. This method could be applied for rapid quality evaluation of different kinds of sulfur-fumigated Radix Paeoniae Alba among commercial samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jida Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Hao Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gang Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yongsheng Fan
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Characterization of Chemical Composition of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Volatile Oil by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:237541. [PMID: 23710215 PMCID: PMC3655619 DOI: 10.1155/2013/237541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chenpi in Chinese) has been widely used as an herbal medicine in Korea, China, and Japan. Chenpi extracts are used to treat indigestion and inflammatory syndromes of the respiratory tract such as bronchitis and asthma. This thesis will analyze chemical compositions of Chenpi volatile oil, which was performed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-HR-TOFMS). One hundred and sixty-seven components were tentatively identified, and terpene compounds are the main components of Chenpi volatile oil, a significant larger number than in previous studies. The majority of the eluted compounds, which were identified, were well separated as a result of high-resolution capability of the GC × GC method, which significantly reduces, the coelution. β-Elemene is tentatively qualified by means of GC × GC in tandem with high-resolution TOFMS detection, which plays an important role in enhancing the effects of many anticancer drugs and in reducing the side effects of chemotherapy. This study suggests that GC × GC-HR-TOFMS is suitable for routine characterization of chemical composition of volatile oil in herbal medicines.
Collapse
|
25
|
Jiang X, Huang LF, Zheng SH, Chen SL. Sulfur fumigation, a better or worse choice in preservation of Traditional Chinese Medicine? PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:97-105. [PMID: 23127540 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur fumigation (SF) in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a highly efficient and important traditional preservation method in China. This method has generated a great deal of concern and has been disputed in the last few years because of its uncertain safety. SF can alter the quality of TCMs by damaging the bioactive compounds, changing chemical profiles, and generating detrimental exogenous materials. However, SF is still widely used in the herbal medicinal industry because of its various benefits, such as its pesticidal and anti-bacterial effects, easy operation, and low-cost. This review contains the current situation, chemical mechanism and reactions during SF, the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic research, and the influence of quality caused by SF. In addition, a quantification-operation sulfur fumigation device (QOSFD), which can maintain the quality of TCMs by controlling the SF processing parameters, has been designed and introduced. The key technologies of this device involve controlling the O(2) content and the temperature of SO(2) as well as the quantification of sulfur in SF. This device can reduce the possibility of reaction between bioactive compounds and sulfur/sulfurous acid, as well as control the limitation of SO(2) residues. The QOSFD is regarded as a promising preservation technique in the field of TCM, medicinal materials, agriculture, and fruit industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang H, Yan G, Zhang A, Li Y, Wang Y, Sun H, Wu X, Wang X. Rapid discovery and global characterization of chemical constituents and rats metabolites of Phellodendri amurensis cortex by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with pattern recognition approach. Analyst 2013; 138:3303-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an36902a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
27
|
Seeley JV, Seeley SK. Multidimensional Gas Chromatography: Fundamental Advances and New Applications. Anal Chem 2012; 85:557-78. [DOI: 10.1021/ac303195u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John V. Seeley
- Oakland University, Department of Chemistry, Rochester, Michigan, 48309
| | - Stacy K. Seeley
- Kettering University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1700 University Avenue,
Flint, Michigan, 48504
| |
Collapse
|