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Majumdar S, Pal B, Sahu R, Das KS, Ray PP, Dey B. A croconate-directed supramolecular self-healable Cd(II)-metallogel with dispersed 2D-nanosheets of hexagonal boron nitride: a comparative outcome of the charge-transport phenomena and non-linear rectifying behaviour of semiconducting diodes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:9007-9016. [PMID: 35638739 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01206e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of croconic acid disodium salt (CADS) as an organic gelator with Cd(II) salt to obtain an efficient soft-scaffold supramolecular self-healable metallogel (Cd-CADS) in N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) media was investigated following an ultrasonication technique. The experimentally scrutinized rheological values of the fabricated metallogel not only revealed the visco-elastic property and mechanical stiffness, but also exposed the self-healable behaviour of the gel material. Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) were incorporated within the gel network to obtain a 2D nanosheet dispersed metallogel of Cd(II) croconate (h-BN@Cd-CADS). The microstructural investigations of the original gel network and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) 2D nanosheet dispersed gel-network were performed through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and established the interconnecting rod-like fibrous type morphological patterns and inter-connected hexagonal type rod-shaped architecture pattern, respectively. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used to visualize the morphological distinction of the Cd-CADS metallogel with the h-BN 2D nanosheets. The infrared spectral (FT-IR) outputs helped to identify the formation pathway to construct the semi-solid self-healing flexible metallogel and h-BN 2D nanosheet dispersed metallogel nanocomposite, respectively. Fascinating electronic-charge transportation was revealed in the as-fabricated Cd-CADS and h-BN@Cd-CADS metallogel-based devices. Furthermore, h-BN 2D-nanosheet-directed modulation of the non-linear rectifying feature of the supramolecular Cd-CADS-metallogel was observed, with the h-BN@Cd-CADS metallogel showing a greater rectifying property, implying that it has a higher conductivity compared to the Cd-CADS metallogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
| | - Baishakhi Pal
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Rajib Sahu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Krishna Sundar Das
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | | | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
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2
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Cheuquepán W, Rodes A, Orts JM. Spectroelectrochemical and DFT approaches to the study of croconic acid adsorption at gold electrodes in acidic solutions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Gan X, Tang Z, Wang Y, Zhang W, Sun X, Wu Y, Gao Z, Cai HL, Wu XS. Molecular Ferroelectric Piperidine-4-ylmethanaminium Perchlorate with Superior Switchable Dielectric Properties. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuecheng Gan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Laboratory of SolidnState Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Laboratory of SolidnState Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yan Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Laboratory of SolidnState Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Laboratory of SolidnState Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Xiaofan Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Laboratory of SolidnState Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
| | - YiZhang Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Laboratory of SolidnState Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Zhangran Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Laboratory of SolidnState Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Hong-Ling Cai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Laboratory of SolidnState Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
| | - X. S. Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Laboratory of SolidnState Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 China
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4
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Ultrafast polarization control by terahertz fields via π-electron wavefunction changes in hydrogen-bonded molecular ferroelectrics. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15014. [PMID: 30301914 PMCID: PMC6177455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid polarization control by an electric field in ferroelectrics is important to realize high-frequency modulation of light, which has potential applications in optical communications. To achieve this, a key strategy is to use an electronic part of ferroelectric polarization. A hydrogen-bonded molecular ferroelectric, croconic acid, is a good candidate, since π-electron polarization within each molecule is theoretically predicted to play a significant role in the ferroelectric-state formation, as well as the proton displacements. Here, we show that a sub-picosecond polarization modulation is possible in croconic acid using a terahertz pulse. The terahertz-pulse-pump second-harmonic-generation-probe and optical-reflectivity-probe spectroscopy reveal that the amplitude of polarization modulation reaches 10% via the electric-field-induced modifications of π-electron wavefunctions. Moreover, the measurement of electric-field-induced changes in the infrared molecular vibrational spectrum elucidates that the contribution of proton displacements to the polarization modulation is negligibly small. These results demonstrate the electronic nature of polarization in hydrogen-bonded molecular ferroelectrics. The ultrafast polarization control via π-electron systems observed in croconic acid is expected to be possible in many other hydrogen-bonded molecular ferroelectrics and utilized for future high-speed optical-modulation devices.
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5
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Liu H, Zhang W, Halasyamani PS, Stokes HT, Campbell BJ, Evans JSO, Evans IR. Understanding the Behavior of the Above-Room-Temperature Molecular Ferroelectric 5,6-Dichloro-2-methylbenzimidazole Using Symmetry Adapted Distortion Mode Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13441-13448. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Site, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - P. Shiv Halasyamani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Harold T. Stokes
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Branton J. Campbell
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - John S. O. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Site, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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6
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Vijayakanth T, Srivastava AK, Ram F, Kulkarni P, Shanmuganathan K, Praveenkumar B, Boomishankar R. A Flexible Composite Mechanical Energy Harvester from a Ferroelectric Organoamino Phosphonium Salt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9054-9058. [PMID: 29851252 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A new binary organic salt diphenyl diisopropylamino phosphonium hexaflurophosphate (DPDP⋅PF6 ) was shown to exhibit a good ferroelectric response and employed for mechanical energy harvesting application. The phosphonium salt crystallizes in the monoclinic noncentrosymmetric space group Cc and exhibits an H-bonded 1D chain structure due to N-H⋅⋅⋅F interactions. Ferroelectric measurements on the single crystals of DPDP⋅PF6 gave a well-saturated rectangular hysteresis loop with a remnant (Pr ) polarization value of 6 μC cm-2 . Further, composite devices based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films for various weight percentages (3, 5, 7, 10 and 20 wt %) of DPDP⋅PF6 were prepared and examined for power generation by using an impact test setup. A maximum output peak-to-peak voltage (VPP ) of 8.5 V and an output peak-to-peak current (IPP ) of 0.5 μA was obtained for the non-poled composite film with 10 wt % of DPDP⋅PF6 . These results show the efficacy of organic ferroelectric substances as potential micropower generators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangavel Vijayakanth
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Anant Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Farsa Ram
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Priyangi Kulkarni
- PZT Centre, Armament Research and Development Establishment, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411021, India
| | - Kadhiravan Shanmuganathan
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Balu Praveenkumar
- PZT Centre, Armament Research and Development Establishment, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411021, India
| | - Ramamoorthy Boomishankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.,Centre of Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
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7
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Vijayakanth T, Srivastava AK, Ram F, Kulkarni P, Shanmuganathan K, Praveenkumar B, Boomishankar R. A Flexible Composite Mechanical Energy Harvester from a Ferroelectric Organoamino Phosphonium Salt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thangavel Vijayakanth
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Anant Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
| | - Farsa Ram
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre; Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Priyangi Kulkarni
- PZT Centre; Armament Research and Development Establishment, Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411021 India
| | - Kadhiravan Shanmuganathan
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre; Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Balu Praveenkumar
- PZT Centre; Armament Research and Development Establishment, Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411021 India
| | - Ramamoorthy Boomishankar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
- Centre of Energy Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
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8
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Malec LM, Gryl M, Stadnicka KM. Unmasking the Mechanism of Structural Para- to Ferroelectric Phase Transition in (NH 4) 2SO 4. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:4340-4351. [PMID: 29616803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New nontoxic and biocompatible ferroelectric materials are a subject undergoing intense study. One of the most promising research branches is focused on H-bonded organic or hybrid ferroelectrics. The engineering of these materials is based on mimicking the phase transition mechanisms of the well-known inorganic ferroelectrics. In our study, a coupled experimental and theoretical methodology was used for a precise investigation of the ferroelectric phase transition mechanism in ammonium sulfate (AS). A series of single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements were performed in the temperature range between 273 and 163 K. The detailed inspection of the obtained static structural data, in the above-mentioned temperature range, allowed us to reveal dynamical effects at the ferroelectric phase transition. Accurate analysis of all geometrical features within the obtained crystal structures was carried out. The results were discussed in the view of previously discovered physical properties. X-ray studies were complemented by the use of quantum theory of atoms in molecules calculations and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Valence shell charge concentration analysis allowed us to find the subtle changes between charge density distribution within SO42- in para- and ferroelectric phases. H-bond interactions, geometrically classified in both AS phases, were all confirmed by the appropriate critical points. The interaction energies were estimated for the structures at 273, 233, 213, 183, and 163 K. Correlation between the geometrical approach and the results of theoretical calculations enabled us to discover the differences in interaction equilibrium between the AS phases. The mechanism of the phase transition originates from the disruption of the vibrational lattice mode between sulfate anions. Our studies resolved the problem, which was under discussion for more than 60 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek M Malec
- Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Gronostajowa 2 , 30-387 Krakow , Poland
| | - Marlena Gryl
- Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Gronostajowa 2 , 30-387 Krakow , Poland
| | - Katarzyna M Stadnicka
- Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Gronostajowa 2 , 30-387 Krakow , Poland
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9
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Mukhopadhyay S, Gutmann MJ, Jiménez-Ruiz M, Jochym DB, Wikfeldt KT, Refson K, Fernandez-Alonso F. Mechanism of enhancement of ferroelectricity of croconic acid with temperature. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:32216-32225. [PMID: 29131205 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06039d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A detailed study of the thermal behaviour of atomic motions in the organic ferroelectric croconic acid is presented in the temperature range 5-300 K. Using high-resolution inelastic neutron scattering and first-principles electronic-structure calculations within the framework of density functional theory and a quasiharmonic phonon description of the material, we find that the frequencies of the well defined doublet in inelastic neutron scattering spectra associated with out-of-plane motions of hydrogen-bonded protons decrease monotonically with temperature indicating weakening of these bonding motifs and enhancement of proton motions. Theoretical mean-square displacements for these proton motions are within 5% of experimental values. A detailed analysis of this observable shows that it is unlikely that there is a facile proton transfer along the direction of ferroelectric polarization in the absence of an applied electric field. Calculations predict constrained thermal motion of proton along crystallographic lattice direction c retaining the hydrogen bond motif of the crystal at high temperature. Using the Berry-phase method, we have also calculated the spontaneous polarization of temperature dependent cell structures, and find that our computational model provides a satisfactory description of the anomalous and so far unexplained rise in bulk electric polarization with temperature. Correlating the thermal motion induced lattice strain with temperature dependent spontaneous polarizations, we conclude that increasing thermal strain with temperatures combined with constrained thermal motion along the hydrogen bond motif are responsible of this increase in ferroelectricity at high temperature.
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10
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Iwano K, Shimoi Y, Miyamoto T, Hata D, Sotome M, Kida N, Horiuchi S, Okamoto H. Ultrafast Photoinduced Electric-Polarization Switching in a Hydrogen-Bonded Ferroelectric Crystal. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:107404. [PMID: 28339275 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.107404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Croconic acid crystals show proton displacive-type ferroelectricity with a large spontaneous polarization reaching 20 μC/cm^{2}, which originates from the strong coupling of proton and π-electron degrees of freedom. Such a coupling makes us expect a large polarization change by photoirradiations. Optical-pump second-harmonic-generation-probe experiments reveal that a photoexcited croconic-acid crystal loses the ferroelectricity substantially with a maximum quantum efficiency of more than 30 molecules per one absorbed photon. Based on density functional calculations, we theoretically discuss possible pathways toward the formation of a one-dimensional domain with polarization inversion and its recovery process to the ground state by referring to the dynamics of experimentally obtained polarization changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Iwano
- Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Y Shimoi
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - T Miyamoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - D Hata
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - M Sotome
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - N Kida
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - S Horiuchi
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - H Okamoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- AIST-UTokyo Advanced Operando-Measurement Technology Open Innovation Laboratory (OPERANDO-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Chiba 277-8568, Japan
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11
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Proton tautomerism for strong polarization switching. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14426. [PMID: 28205550 PMCID: PMC5316872 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroelectrics based on proton tautomerism are promising in low-field and above-room-temperature operations. Here seven organic ferroelectric crystals are examined to search for efficient switching of strong spontaneous polarization on proton tautomerism. Solution-grown crystals exhibit strong pinning of ferroelectric domain walls, but excellent switching performance is awakened by depinning domain walls under thermal annealing and/or repetitive bipolar pulses with a high voltage. Compared with ferroelectric polymers such as polyvinylidefluoride, the optimized polarizations are comparable or stronger in magnitude whereas the coercive fields are two orders of magnitude weaker. The polarization of croconic acid, in particular, breaks its own record for organic systems in increasing from 21 to 30 μC cm−2 and now exceeds those of some commercial ferroelectric materials such as SrBi2Ta2O9 and BaTiO3. Optimization reduces the discrepancy of the spontaneous polarization with the results of the first-principles calculations to less than 15%. The cooperative roles of proton transfer and π-bond switching are discussed by employing the point-charge model and hydrogen-bond geometry. Ferroelectrics based on proton tautomerism are promising in low-field and above-roomtemperature operations. Here the authors establish a procedure to optimize spontaneous polarizations, finding that the polarization in croconic acid breaks its own record for organic systems.
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12
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First principles study of mixed-stack charge-transfer pyromellitic diimide - diamino pyrene (PMDI - DAP) derivative. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Zhao WP, Shi C, Stroppa A, Di Sante D, Cimpoesu F, Zhang W. Lone-Pair-Electron-Driven Ionic Displacements in a Ferroelectric Metal–Organic Hybrid. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:10337-10342. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ping Zhao
- Ordered Matter Science
Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Shi
- Ordered Matter Science
Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Alessandro Stroppa
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-SPIN), Via Vetoio, I-67010 L’Aquila, Italy
- International Centre
for Quantum and Molecular Structures and Physics Department, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Domenico Di Sante
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-SPIN), Via Vetoio, I-67010 L’Aquila, Italy
- Institut
fuer Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universitaet Wuerzburg, Am Hubland Campus Sued, Wuerzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Fanica Cimpoesu
- Institute of Physical Chemistry of Roumanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest 060021, Romania
| | - Wen Zhang
- Ordered Matter Science
Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Stroppa A, Quarti C, De Angelis F, Picozzi S. Ferroelectric Polarization of CH3NH3PbI3: A Detailed Study Based on Density Functional Theory and Symmetry Mode Analysis. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2223-2231. [PMID: 26266595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectricity in halide perovskites currently represents a crucial issue, as it may have an important role for the enhancement of solar cells efficiency. Simulations of ferroelectric properties based on density functional theory are conceptually more demanding compared with "conventional" inorganic ferroelectrics due to the presence of both organic and inorganic components in the same compound. Here we present a detailed study focused on the prototypical CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite. By using density functional theory combined with symmetry mode analysis, we disentangle the contributions of the methylammonium cations and the role of the inorganic framework, therefore suggesting possible routes to enhance the polarization in this compound. Our estimate of the polarization for the tetragonal phase at low temperature is ∼4.42 μC/cm(2), which is substantially lower than that of traditional perovskite oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Stroppa
- †Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute CNR-SPIN, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudio Quarti
- ‡Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- ‡Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Picozzi
- †Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute CNR-SPIN, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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15
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Orayech B, Faik A, López GA, Fabelo O, Igartua JM. Mode-crystallography analysis of the crystal structures and the low- and high-temperature phase transitions in Na0.5K0.5NbO3. J Appl Crystallogr 2015. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576715000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Na0.5K0.5NbO3has been synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction process. The crystal structures and phase transitions, at low and high temperature, determined from the Rietveld refinements of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data are reported. The structure evolution of Na0.5K0.5NbO3in the temperature range from 2 to 875 K shows the presence of three phase transitions. The first one, at ∼135 K, is discontinuous from the rhombohedralR3c(No. 161) space group to the room-temperature orthorhombicAmm2 (No. 38) space group; the second is discontinuous from the orthorhombic to the tetragonalP4mmspace group (No. 99) at ∼465 K, and the third is continuous from the tetragonal to the cubic Pm\overline{3}m space group (No. 221) at ∼700 K. The obtained phase-transition sequence isR3c→Amm2 →P4mm→Pm\overline{3}m. No previous studies at low temperature have been carried out on the material with composition Na0.5K0.5NbO3. In the course of the determination of the three experimentally found phases, a novel method of refinement is presented. This is a step forward in the use of the symmetry-adapted modes as degrees of freedom in the refinement process: the parameterization of a direction in the internal space of the, in this case, sole irreducible representation, GM4−, responsible for the symmetry breaking from the parent cubic space group to the polar distorted low-symmetry phases. Eventually, this procedure enables the calculation of the spontaneous polarization.
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16
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Organometallic assemblies: π-electron delocalization, μ-bridging spacers, flexibility, lipophilic nature, bio-accessibility, bioavailability, intracellular trafficking pathways and antimicrobial assimilation. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Mukhopadhyay S, Gutmann M, Fernandez-Alonso F. Hydrogen-bond structure and anharmonicity in croconic acid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:26234-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03713h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Layered structure of croconic acid and radial distributions from large scale MD simulations, highlighting a distinct broadening even at 300 K where the material remains ferroelectric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghamitra Mukhopadhyay
- ISIS Facility
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
- Oxfordshire, UK
- Imperial College London
- London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Felix Fernandez-Alonso
- ISIS Facility
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
- Oxfordshire, UK
- University College London
- London WC1E 6BT, UK
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18
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Ferroelectric behaviour in solid croconic acid using neutron scattering and first-principles density functional theory. Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cai Y, Luo S, Zhu Z, Gu H. Ferroelectric mechanism of croconic acid: a first-principles and Monte Carlo study. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:044702. [PMID: 23901998 DOI: 10.1063/1.4813500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ferroelectric mechanism of croconic acid in terms of the electronic structure and the molecular structure was studied by first principles using the density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation. The spontaneous polarization (Ps) was simulated by the Berry phase method. It is found that the large polarization originates from charge transfer due to the strong "push-pull" effect of electron-releasing and -withdrawing groups along the hydrogen bond. According to the characteristics of polarization of croconic acid, we constructed a one-dimensional ferroelectric Hamiltonian model to describe the ferroelectric properties of croconic acid. Based on the Hamiltonian model, the thermal properties of the ferroelectricity of croconic acid were studied by Monte Carlo method. The simulated Curie temperature is 756 K, and the spontaneous polarization keeps well temperature range stability up to 400 K. These results are in good agreement with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Ferro and Piezoelectric Materials and Devices of Hubei Province, Faculty of Physics and Electronic Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
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Zhurov VV, Pinkerton AA. Charge Density Analysis of an Organic Ferroelectric. Croconic Acid: an Experimental and Theoretical Study. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201200506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bisti F, Stroppa A, Perrozzi F, Donarelli M, Picozzi S, Coreno M, de Simone M, Prince KC, Ottaviano L. The electronic structure of gas phase croconic acid compared to the condensed phase: More insight into the hydrogen bond interaction. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:014308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4773059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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